ESQUEMAS DEL LIBRO DE SCIENCE

Human bings: (los seres humanos)

- Are living things (son seres vivos)

- Are made up of cells (están formados por células)
- Carry out three basic life processes: nutrition, sensitivity and reproduction (realizan tres procesos
básicos de la vida: nutrición, sensibilidad y reproducción)

TYPES OF
CELLS
CELLS
CELLS DIFER IN SIZE AND SHAPE
THE BASIC UNITS OF LIFE (las células difieren en tamaño)
(Unidades básicas de la vida) NEURON ARE MUCH BIGGER
THAN BLOOD CELLS
BLOOD CELLS ARE ROUND
(redondas)
HUMAN BAINGS ARE MULTICELLULAR
LIVING THINGS BECAUSE ARE MADE UP MUSCLE CELLS ARE ELONGATED.
OF MILLIONS OF CELLS. (se alargan)
INTESTINE CELLS ARE BLCK
(Los seres humanos son seres vivos
SHAPED (forma de bloque)
multicelulares porque estan formados por
millones de células) NEURONS ARE STAR SHAPED
(forma estrella)

MOST CELLS ARE VERY SMALL AND NEED A

MICROSCOPE CAN BE SEEN
(La mayoria son celulas muy pequeñas y necesitas un
microsopio para verlas.)

CELLS CARRY OUT (llevan a cabo) THE THREE BASIC LIFE PROCESSES:
NUTRITION
Cells obtain nutrients and energy from food
SENSITIVITY
Cells react to what they perceive around them (reaccionan a lo que
perciben a su alrededor)
REPRODUCTION
Cells can divide and procue news cells identical.
LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION
TISSUES
In multicellular living things, groups of the same type of cells join
together to form tissues. (en los sv multicelulares grupos del mismo tipo de
células se unen para formar tejidos)
MUSCLE TISSUE --> made up of muscle cells
BONE TISSUE--> Made up of bone cells.
All cells which form a tissue perform a common function. ej: cells in
muscle tissue produce movement.(Todas las celulas que forman un tejido
realizan una funcion comun, ej: las del tejido muscular producen movimiento)

ORGANS
Tissues join together to form organs. (los tejidos se unen para formar
ó rganos)
All the tissues in an organ work together to perform a common function.
( todos los tejidos de un organo trabajan juntos para realizar una funció n
comun)
Examples human organs: stomach, heart, kidneys, tongue...

SYSTEMS
Organs join together to form systems. (Los organos se unen para formar
sistemas)
Organs within systems work together to perform a common function.
(Trabajan juntos para realizar una funcion comun)
LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM esta formado por:
MUSCULAR SYSTEM (muscles)
SKELETAL SYSTEM (bones)

ORGANISMS
All the different types of systems in our body work together to form
a human being. Todos los tipos de sistemas de nuestro cuerpo trabaja
juntos para formar al ser humano
IN THE HUMAN BODY CELLS, TISSUES, ORGANS AND SYSTEMS ALL
WORK TOGETHER SO THE ORGANISM FUNCTIONS CORRECTLY (en el
cuerpo humano las celulas, tejidos organos y sistemas trabajan juntos
para que nuestro organismo trabaje correctamente)
THE LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM

CONSISTS OF:
SKELETAL SYSTEM
MUSCULAR SYSTEM
WORKS TOGETHER TO PRODUCE MOVEMENT
(Trabajan juntos para producir movimiento)

SKELETAL SYSTEM
GIVES OUR BODY ITS SHAPE AND PROTECTS DELICATE ORGANS
(Le da forma a nuestro cuerpo y protege los organos mas delicados)
THERE ARE OVER 200 BONES IN OUR BODY (hay mas de 200 huesos
en nuestro cuerpo)
ARE HARD AND RIGID AND CAN HAVE DIFFERENT SHAPES (Son
duros y rigidos y pueden tener distinta forma)
THE ENDS OF BONES ARE COVERED BY CARTILAGE (los extremos
de los huesos estan cubiertos por cartílago.
BONES MEET AT JOINTS (estan en las articulaciones)
TOGETHER BY LIGAMENTS (unidos por ligamentos)

MUSCULAR SYSTEM
CONSIST OF ALL THE MUSCLES IN THE BODY (formado por )
CAN CHANGE IN LENGHT AND SHAPE (pueden cambiar de longitud y
forma)
RELAXED IS LONG AND THIN (relajado es largo y delgado)
CONTRACTED IS SHORTER AN THICKER (contraido es mas corto y
grueso)
THERE ARE ABOUT 640 MUSCLES IN OUR BODY
MUCLES ARE JOINED TO BONES BY TENDONS (unidos a los huesos
por tendones)

THE LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM

The skeletal system and the muscular system make up the locomotor
system.
The muscles receive orders form the brain ans work with the bones to
make the body move.
When receives an orden CONTRACTS and once the order the muscle
RELAXES.
ANTAGONIST: when one muscle contracts while the other one relaxes.
Two movements, flexing and extendign movement.