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GRADUATE SCHOOL

Activity 7: Computer-Assisted Instructional Technology Used in Teaching

Instructions:

Present to the class a sample computer-assisted instructional technology that

you have used or plan to use in your teaching of Science.
Complete the table attached below on the key points to be considered in
utilizing the computer-assisted instructional technology that you will introduce to
the class. And make a PowerPoint presentation as you introduce your chosen
computer-assisted instructional technology to the class.

Key Points in Utilizing the (Name of the Computer-Assisted

Computer-Assisted Instructional
Technology
What is the general description of
the computer-assisted
instructional technology?
Instructional Technology)
The general description of the teaching
approach we have chosen is the Computer
Assisted Instruction (CAI). Formerly known
as Computer-Based Instruction, with the
growing demand of technology all over the
years, many educators have embraced the use
of Computer Assisted Instruction in bringing
the lessons alive and engaging to the learners
even in plain four-walled classroom.

It refers to the use of computer as a tool to

facilitate and improve instruction. Programs
installed use tutorials, drill and practice,
simulation and problem solving approaches to
present topics to test a student’s
understanding. The use of a combination of
text, graphics, sound and video can enhance
the learning process more than the average
scale.

How does the computer-assisted Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) is a non-

instructional technology work? traditional teaching approach. A self-learning
How is it used in teaching? technique, can be conducted either online or
offline, involving interaction of the student
 with programmed instructional materials.

Basically in this teaching approach, the

learners interact with computers by
completing the exercises and view materials
required on the computer screen rather than
receiving the information from written
material or a teacher’s presentation. It offers a
variety of skills both the teachers and the
students can choose such as drill and practice;
tutorials; simulations; instructional games;
and problem solving.

Which topic/s is/are appropriate to In the complex mode of the school’s

the utilization of the computer- curricula, most of the core subjects like
assisted instructional technology? Science, Math and English need the aid of
technology to engage the students and sustain
interest particularly in the understanding of
the world of Science.

Common misconceptions can be best

explained with the use of computer
technology, some of these are:

CHEMISTRY

a. Balancing Chemical Equations

b. Chemical Properties and Reactions
c. Classification of Matter
d. Chemical Bonds (Ionic and Covalent)
BIOLOGY

a. Heredity
b. Human Body System and its Functions
c. Changes in Weather
d. Evolution
e. Earth and Space
PHYSICS

a. Newton’s Laws of Motion

b. Electrical Circuits

What educational theories and
principles support the utilization
of the computer-assisted
instructional technology in your
teaching? Explain further.
c. Projectile Motion
d. Waves
e. Force and Energy
• Constructivism
According to the constructivist theory,
knowledge is being actively constructed by
the individual and knowing is an adaptive
process which organizes the individual’s
experiential world. Hence, the learner is not
considered as a controlled respondent to
stimuli as in the behaviorist rubric but as
“already a scientist” who actively constructs
knowing while striving to make sense of the
world on the basis of personal filters:
experiences, goals, curiosities and beliefs.
Knowledge for constructivism cannot be
imposed or transferred intact from the mind of
one knower to the mind of another. In this
philosophy learners construct knowledge
themselves and the learning process is
characterized by placing a high responsibility
into the hands of the learner instead of the
teacher. Computers are extremely suited
for this type of learning since they
encourage independent, individualized,
experimental and discovery learning.
• Kolb's Experiential Learning Theory
Is a powerful foundational approach to all
forms of learning, development and change.
Experiential learning describes the ideal
process of learning, invites you to understand
yourself as a learner, and empowers you to
take charge of your own learning and
development.
• Thorndike Connectionism Theory
Modern examples of teaching machines,

Why do you recommend the
utilization of the computer-
assisted instructional technology
in teaching certain concepts or
topics?
automated and computer assisted instructional
devices owe their theoretical roots to the
behaviorist tradition in psychology, generally,
and specifically to the educational psychology
of E.L. Thorndike.
Thorndike’s theory of learning connectionism
the most influential constructs were the law of
effect and the revised law of exercise. The
two constructs were to influence the later
acceptance of both reinforcement theory and
the cybernetic concept of the feedback control
system, respectively. The law of effect states
that when a modifiable connection between a
situation and a response is made and is
accompanied or followed by a satisfying state
of affairs, that connection's strength is
increased; when made and accompanied or
followed by an annoying state of affairs, its
strength is decreased (Thorndike, 1913).
Thorndike's later development of the law of
exercise emphasizes the importance of
knowledge of results in learning.
The realm of science focuses exclusively on
the natural world, and does not deal with
supernatural explanations. Science is a way of
learning about what is in the natural world,
how the natural world works, and how the
natural world got to be the way it is. Learning
by doing refers to a theory of education
expounded by American philosopher John
Dewey. It's a hands-on approach to learning,
meaning students must interact with their
environment in order to adapt and learn.
Every year we do have varied kinds of
learners with multiple intelligences, cultural
backgrounds and experiences. But all of them
can be connected with the use of technology,
particularly computers. If you are a tactile
learner, you learn by touching and doing. You
are a "hands-on" learner who prefers to touch,

Based on your self-evaluation,
enumerate the advantages and
disadvantages of the computer-
assisted instructional technology.
move, build, or draw what you learn, and you
tend to learn better when some type of
physical activity is involved. This is where
the need of computer assisted instruction
influence in shaping the knowledge towards
greater grasp of science concepts and
principles. Through, CAI, teachers are mere
facilitators of learning wherein teachers guide
students of specific tasks yet allowing them to
create, build or even innovate from the
concepts learned. It allows flexibility of ideas
and therefore creating an engaging
atmosphere between the teacher and the
learners. It's a great way to test competency to
know if additional support would be helpful
to create success for the learner. It moves us
beyond theory. It’s not always obvious that
science shapes our daily lives, but the fact is
science impacts countless decisions we make
each day. From managing our health and
well-being, choosing paper over plastic at the
grocery store, or answering a child who asks
why the sky is blue, science has an important
role in our lives. More than ever before,
educators need to employ teaching strategies
that inspire and prepare children to embrace
science and potentially pursue it in their
college and career choices.
Advantages of Computer Assisted Instruction
(CAI)
There’s a myriad of reasons to use CAI in the
classroom. Here are a few ways CAI can
empower students:
1. It Caters to the Individual
With CAI, each student can go at their own
pace and make progress in their own time.
Computer lessons or games normally adapt to
the individual based on their own progress,
not on a set standard, so each student is able
to have a more personalized experience.

2. It Promotes Active Interaction and Use of

Target Language

It is fine to sit in class and repeat words and

make verb charts, but the real learning comes
when you use that knowledge in a real
situation. Students who actively using the
language they’re trying to learn helps them
remember certain words or phrases better.

3. It Lets Students See Their Progress

Again, the feelings of success and satisfaction

are key to encouraging students to want to
learn more. Because of this, CAI is a great
method to use in the classroom. Students can
easily see the progress they’re making. Every
time they solve a puzzle or get to the next
level in a game or an online course, they feel
as if they’re doing well, which keeps them
engaged in the lessons.

4. It Breaks Down Complex Topics into

Smaller Pieces

Sometimes it’s tough for teachers to break

down complex topics because they don’t
know the best way to go about it. Computer
games and lessons do this for you, however,
and break down material into bite-sized
chunks that can be learned and retained more
easily.

5. It is Interesting and Engaging

Let’s be real: A bored student isn’t a good

one. While some students adore lectures,
many others require more stimulation to stay
involved and actively learning. CAI is perfect
for this, because it offers many ways for each
individual student to engage and stay
interested in the topic at hand.
Disadvantages of Computer Assisted
Instruction (CAI)

1. Disadvantages include the need to own or

have access to a computer with the necessary
RAM and operating system

2. Lack of computer skills of many students

3. Physical problems such as carpal-tunnel

syndrome and eye disorders (caused by sitting
in front of the computer screen for long
periods of time without blinking)

4. Prohibitive cost of educational software

and

5. The lack of human interaction in the

learning process.