1.1.

Overview of the previous studies

Modular Distance Learning is the use of modules made by teachers with different tasks and learning activities based
from the essential learning competencies. Most of the learners belong to modular (print) especially in the rural areas
where internet connection is not always available. They are learning with the help of their parents or guardians who are
now acting as their teachers at home. The teachers on the other hand, guide the parents while teaching their children at
home.

1.1.1. Introductory Statement of all reviewed studies. (topic and the family name of the author, year).

Modular Distance Learning in the New Normal Education Amidst Covid-19 , Anzaldo
Geraldine D., 2021

1.1.1. Study 1
1.1.1.1. Objective

To encourage independent study by the use of modules.

To develop a sense of responsibility in accomplishing the tasks provided in the module.

1.1.1.1. Method

The participants of the research were limited secondary teachers from remote area. They were chosen purposively due
to lack of face to face interaction due to the covid-19 crisis and those who answered the survey questionnaire has the
internet connection at home that made them to be participants possible. They answered a survey questionnaire made
out of Google Forms and the link was sent to their emails unlike the usual way of distributing and retrieval of survey
questionnaire made out of face to face interaction. The availability of the internet connection is the primary
consideration in choosing the limited participants.

1.1.1.1. Key findings

The findings are based on the research accomplished during the survey made out of Google forms where 86.7 % of
teachers responses are in favor in modular distance learning and 13.3 % are not. Most of teachers reason why they are
favor with modular distance learning are such as: If to consider the engagement capacity of children, modular distance is
more convenient, it is much accessible for the kind of pupils in the community, it can cater pupils who cannot afford
gadgets and internet connectivity that will be used in online class, more time to read/study the lesson, it is more reliable
and convenient to pupils who do not have gadgets and this is the appropriate learning modality in our community. And
reasons why teachers are not in favor some activity sheets were answered by parents/guardians only and pupils have
difficulty in answering the modules without the teacher supervision.

1.1.1.1. Similarities/Differences/ connection of the reviewed study with your present study

The similarities from reviewed and present study that they focused on the modular distance learning as flexible way
to continue the education amidst the covid-19. In reviewed study the participants are limited teachers only but in
our present study focused on students perception towards the modular distance learning.