Subject: Teaching Science in the Elementary Grades- Biology and Chemistry

Module Title: Part 2: Biology (Living Things and their Environment) Ecosystem
LESSON -2 BENEFICIAL AND HARMFUL INTERACTIONS AMONG LIVING THINGS (GRADE 4)

Activity:

What to do:

1. Visit a garden or a farm.

2. Find the different organisms listed below. Observe how these organisms interact with each other.
3. Identify the relationship among these organisms.

Effect of the interaction to the

Organism A Organism B How they interact
Butterfly Gumamela Butterfly and Gumamela
are symbiotic
mutualism because they
interact and benefited each
other. Butterflies generally
like to eat sweet juice or
nectar on flowers.
While flowers as
reproductive organs
in plants are helped because
these beautiful insects help
spread pollen.
Orchid Tree
Their relationship is
commensalism , because one
organism is benefited while
the other organism is un
affected
organisms
As the butterflies travel from
one flower to another, they
pollinate the plants, resulting in
further development of plant
species. Numerous plants rely
on pollinators, such
as butterflies, for reproduction.
orchids grow on trees, but use
them just for support.
They do not obtain energy or
nutrients from the trees. Water
and nutrients are obtained from
the air, and from compost on
the trees.

caterpillar Leaf The relationship between Caterpillar damage plants by

Caterpillar and leaf are called
parasitism, it involves a
species living off a host and
harming that host in the
process
chewing on leaves, flowers,
shoots, and fruit and sometimes
other parts of the plant.
4. Answer these questions:

a. What do you call the organism that benefits from the interaction with another
organism?
 It is called Commensalism a relationship between individuals of two species in
which one species obtains food or other benefits from the other without either
harming.

b. From the activity, which of these organisms have beneficial relationship with other
organisms? Which has harmful relationship with other organisms? Why?
 From these activity the organism that have beneficial relationship with are
gumamela and butterfly which are both symbiotic mutualism because they
were benefited from each other
 And the harmful relationship in this activity is a parasitism which is the
relationship between caterpillar and the leaf, because it involves a species
living off a host and harming that host in the process

c. For you, which is the best relationship? Why?

 As for me, the best relationship that interact each other is the symbiotic
mutualism which is the butterfly and the Gumamela, because each one of
them were helping each other in process. They were evolved together. Each
was part of the other's environment, so as they adapted to their environment,
they "made use of" each other in a way that benefited both.