CELL-is the basic unit of life.

It was discovered by ROBERT HOOKE

when he examined a very thin slice of cork, he thought the close-up view
resembled small empty rooms which he referred as cells (from the Latin
word cellulae which means “small rooms”).
-made up of tiny organs called ORGANELLES.

ORGANELLES-these are little organs that perform a specific function

inside the cell.

DIFFERENT CELL ORGANELLES AND ITS FUNCTIONS:

CELL ORGANELLE FUNCTIONS
 The “BRAIN OF THE CELL”.
 It contains the hereditary
Nucleus material of the cell, the DNA.
 It controls all the activities of the
cell.
Nucleolus  It is found inside the nucleus of
 the cell that contains RNA and
proteins and is where ribosomes
are made.
 Acts as a barrier that separates
Nuclear Membrane the contents of the nucleus from
the cytoplasm.
 Also known as the Plasma
Membrane.
 It supports and protects the cell.
Cell Membrane
 It controls the movement of
substances which go into and out
of the cell.
Mitochondrion/Mitochondria  It is referred to as “the
POWERHOUSE” of the cell.
 It provides energy for all the cell
activities.
 It is the site of cellular
 respiration.
 Tiny organelles like dots that
contain RNA and specific
Ribosomes
proteins.
 It manufactures proteins.
 Has ribosomes attached to its
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
surface and it also helps in
(RER)
making proteins.
Smooth endoplasmic Reticulum  It has no attached ribosomes and
(SER) makes fats and lipids.
 It sorts, packages, and distributes
cell products to where they are
needed.
Golgi Body/Golgi Apparatus
 It is the distribution and shipping
department for the cell’s
chemical products.
Lysosomes  It contains digestive enzymes
 that can digest foreign substances
and damage cell parts.
 Are also called as “THE
SUICIDE BAGS” of the cell.
 It stores food, water, nutrients
and other waste materials in the
Vacuoles cell.
 It is smaller in the animal cell but
larger in the plant cell.
 A jelly-like fluid where all the
Cytoplasm
organelles are located.
 The outermost protective
covering next to the cell
membrane which is found only in
Cell wall (Plant cell only)
the plant cell.
A rigid, semi-permeable
protective layer in plant cell.
  Contains the pigment
CHLOROPHYLL that captures
Chloroplast (Plant cell only) energy from sunlight for
photosynthesis.
 Site for photosynthesis.
 Are tube-like structures that aid
in cell division.
Centrioles (Animal cell only)
 It helps cells divide or make
copies of themselves.