ENGLISH 10 Prepared and taught by Miss Diem

Các cấu trúc chỉ mức độ: So/ such – that, too, enough.
Trong tiếng Anh có một số cấu trúc chỉ mức độ của tính từ/ trạng từ.
1. Cấu trúc So…that (quá .......đến nỗi)

1.1. S + be + so + adj + that + S + V

Ví dụ: 
- The food was so hot that we couldn’t eat it. (Thức ăn nóng quá đến nỗi chúng tôi
không thể ăn được)
- The girl is so beautiful that every one likes her. (Cô gái đó xinh quá đến nỗi ai cũng
yêu quý cô ấy)
1.2. S + một số động từ chỉ tri giác + so + adj + that + S + V

Các động từ chỉ tri giác như sau: seem, feel, taste, smell, sound, look….
- I felt so angry that I decided to cancel the trip.(Tôi tức giận quá đến nỗi mà tôi đã hủy
ngay chuyến đi)
- I felt so tired that I decided to see a doctor. (Tôi cảm thấy quá mệt đến nỗi tôi đã quyết
định đi gặp bác sĩ )
1. 3/ S + V(thường) + so + adv + that + S + V

Ví dụ: He drove so quickly that no one could caught him up. (Anh ta lái xe nhanh đến
nỗi không ai đuổi kịp anh ta.)
Cấu trúc So…that này cũng được dùng với danh từ, trong câu xuất hiện so many/
much/ little…
1.4. S + V + so + many/few + plural / countable noun (số nhiều đếm được) + that +
S+V

Ví dụ: She has so many hats that she spends much time choosing the suitable one. (Cô
ấy có nhiều mũ đến nỗi cố ấy mất rất nhiều thời gian để chọn lựa một chiếc thích hợp)

1.5. S + V + so + much/little + uncountable noun ( không đếm được)+ that + S + V

Ví dụ: He drank so much milk in the morning that he felt bad. (Buổi sáng anh ta uống
nhiều sữa đến mức mà anh ấy cảm thấy khó chịu)
He had so much money that he didn’t know what to do with it. (Anh ta có quá nhiều
tiền đến nỗi anh ấy không biết làm gì với nó.)
1.6. Đối với danh từ đếm được số ít, chúng ta lại có cấu trúc sau với So… that:

- S + V + so + adj + a/an + singular noun (đếm được số ít) + that + S + V

Ví dụ: 
- It was so big a house that all of us could stay in it. (Đó là một ngôi nhà lớn đến nỗi tất

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ENGLISH 10 Prepared and taught by Miss Diem
cả chúng tôi đều ở được trong đó.)
- She has so good a computer that she has used it for 6 years without any errors in it.
(Cô ấy có chiếc máy tính tốt đến nỗi cô ấy đã dùng 6 năm mà không bị lỗi.)
2. Cấu trúc Such…that. (quá ... đến nỗi...)

S + V + such + (a/an) + adj + noun + that + S + V 

(Với danh từ không đếm được thì không dùng a/ an nhé)

Câu trúc so…that có ý nghĩa tương tự với cấu trúc such ...that nên chúng ta có thể đổi
qua đổi lại giữa hai cấu trúc này.
Ví dụ: 
He is such a popular man that everyone knows him. (Anh ta quá nổi tiếng đến nỗi mọi
người đều biết anh ấy.)
=>He is so popular that everyone knows him.
3. Cấu trúc với too … to … (Quá … để làm gì)

S + to be + too + adj + (for somebody) + to + V

S + V + too + adv + (for somebody) + to + V

Ví dụ: 
- The food is too hot for us to eat. (Thức ăn quá nóng đến nỗi chúng tôi không thể ăn
được)
- He drove too quickly for anyone to catch him up. (Anh ta lái xe nhanh đến nỗi không
ai đuổi kịp anh ta.)

4. Cấu trúc với Enough: đủ….để có thể làm gì

Chúng ta có thể dùng enough với cả tính từ, trạng từ và danh từ. Với tính từ và trạng
từ, ta có hai cấu trúc sau (Enough đứng sau tính từ và trạng từ.)

S + V + adv + enough + (for somebody) + to + V

S + to be + adj + enough + (for somebody) + to + V

Ví dụ:
They spoke slowly enough for me to understand. (Họ đã nói đủ chậm để tôi có thể hiểu
được.)
He isn’t tall enough to play basketball. (Anh ta không đủ cao để chơi bóng rổ.)
Với danh từ, chúng mình dùng cấu trúc sau (enough đứng trước danh từ)

S + V + enough + noun (for somebody) + to V…

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ENGLISH 10 Prepared and taught by Miss Diem
Ví dụ:
- I have enough money to buy this house. (Tôi có đủ tiền để mua căn nhà này)
- There has enough time for us to do the exercise. (Có đủ thời gian để chúng tôi làm bài
tập)
- They have enough rooms to stay. (Họ có đủ phòng để ở)
Các lưu ý khi làm bài tập về 4 dạng cấu trúc trên
S1 + V1 + so + adj + that + S2 + V2 + O2

Nếu S1 là vật mà O2 nhắc lại vật đó và dùng với từ “it”:

 Trong cấu trúc: So/ such … that, ta giữ lại từ “it”

 Trong cấu trúc: Too … to; enough … to ta bỏ từ “it”.

Ví dụ:
The water was so cold that the children couldn’t swim in it.
→ It was such cold water that the children couldn’t swim in it.
→ The water was too cold for the children to swim in.
→ The water is not warm enough for the children to swim in.
EXERCISES
Exercise 1: Use SO or SUCH, TOO, ENOUGH:
1. The sun shone _______ brightly that she had to put on her glasses.
2. There were _________ few students registered that the class was cancelled.
3. We had _________ wonderful memories of that place that we decided to return.
4. It was ________ a nice day that we decided to go to the beach.
5. The book looked ___________ interesting that we decided to read it.
6. Ray called at _________ an early hour that we weren’t wake yet.
7. There were ____________ many people on the bus that we decided to walk.
8. The benefit was _________ great a success that the promoters decided to repeat
it.
9. I’ m not rich ___________to help you.
10. This room is ___________ dark for us to study.
Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences as directed:
1. It was such an expensive house that nobody can buy it.
→ The house was so ________________________________________
2. The food was so good that we ate all of it.
→ It was __________________________________________________
3. The patient was too weak to get up.
→ The patient was so ________________________________________
4. This room is too dark for me to study.
→ This room is so __________________________________________
5. This room is too small for us to take the meeting

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ENGLISH 10 Prepared and taught by Miss Diem
→ This room isn’t ___________________________________________
6. The test was so difficult that we couldn’t do it.
→ The test was not __________________________________________
7. The map is so old that I couldn’t read it.
→ The map is too ___________________________________________
8. He spoke so fast that we couldn’t hear him well
→ He didn’t ________________________________________________ 
Exercise 3: Combine these pairs of sentences using "so……..that":
1. That woman was very tall. She could almost touch the ceiling.
__________________________________________________________
2. This coat is very big. I can't wear it.
__________________________________________________________
3. The coffee was so strong. She couldn't go to sleep.
__________________________________________________________
4. That bag was very heavy. None of us could carry it.
__________________________________________________________
5. The stadium is very large. It can hold 60,000 people.
__________________________________________________________
6. Those lessons are very difficult. He can't understand them.
__________________________________________________________
7. She was very busy. She couldn't do the housework.
__________________________________________________________
8. The climate was very bad. All the plants couldn't grow well.
__________________________________________________________
9. I'm very tired. I couldn't keep my eyes open.
__________________________________________________________
10. That boy is very lazy. He never does his homework.
__________________________________________________________
Exercise 4: Combine these pairs of sentences using "too ....to":
1. The bag was very heavy. She couldn't carry it.
__________________________________________________________
2. He is very old. He can't run.
__________________________________________________________
3. She is very young. She can't go to school.
__________________________________________________________
4. Tom is very short. He can't play volleyball.
__________________________________________________________
5. It's very late. We can't go to the movies.
__________________________________________________________
6. The question was very hard. We couldn't answer it.
__________________________________________________________
7. The TV program is very exciting. The children won't miss it.
__________________________________________________________

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ENGLISH 10 Prepared and taught by Miss Diem
8. You're very young. You can't drive that car.
__________________________________________________________
9. She was tired. She didn't go anywhere.
__________________________________________________________
10. These shoes are very small. I can't wear them.
__________________________________________________________
Exercise 5: Combine these pairs of sentences using "such....that" :
1. Tom was a tall man. He could almost touch the ceiling.
__________________________________________________________
2. Mary is a good swimmer. She has won two gold medals.
__________________________________________________________
3. He drank strong coffee. He couldn't go to sleep.
__________________________________________________________
4. It was a long walk. The children got tired.
__________________________________________________________
5. He told interesting stories. They all like him.
__________________________________________________________
6. The boy made rapid progress. It surprised everybody.
__________________________________________________________
7. He had a difficult exercise. He couldn't do it.
__________________________________________________________
8. The speaker gave a long talk. Most of the audience felt sleepy.
__________________________________________________________
9. We watched an exciting competition. We didn't want to go home.
__________________________________________________________
10. It was an excellent show. We all enjoyed it.
__________________________________________________________
Exercise 6: Rewrite the sentences using "enough" instead of "too....to":
1. He is too old to wear this colored shirt.
__________________________________________________________
2. She is too weak to carry this box.
__________________________________________________________
3. This pen is too expensive for me to buy.
__________________________________________________________
4. Bill was too stupid to understand what I had said.
__________________________________________________________
5. This bag is too heavy for her to carry.
__________________________________________________________
6. The test was too difficult for them to do.
__________________________________________________________
7. I'm too poor to help you with the money.
__________________________________________________________
8. This book is too dull to read.

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ENGLISH 10 Prepared and taught by Miss Diem
__________________________________________________________
9. The room is too dark for us to study.
__________________________________________________________
10. The shelf is too high for her to reach.
__________________________________________________________
Exercise 7: Put in the blanks with so / such/ so many/ so much 
1) Come on! Don’t walk ………..slowly.
2) I’ve never read ………..an interesting book.
3) Everything is …….expensive these days, isn’t it?
4) It was……….a boring film that I fell asleep at once.
5) The wind was ……….strong. It was difficult to sleep.
6) Doctor Smith has ………….patients that he ‘s always busy.
7) I ate ……sandwiches that I felt ill.
8) My father has ………….things to do that he can’t come back home tonight.
9) Thay drank………..wine that they couldn’t walk.
10) The bank of this river has got ………..weeds that we can’t swim.

Exercise 8:. Rewrite these sentences 

1) We went to bed early because we were very tired.
=> We were so……………………..
2) The lesson is very difficlut. We can’t understand it
=> It is such…………………………………..
3) The car is so old that he doesn’t want to drive it.
=> It is such…………………………..
4) The weather was very cold. We couldn’t go out.
=> The weather was too……………...
5) The film was so interesting that we couldn’t miss it.
=> It was such………………..
6. The film was very good. We saw it through. (Enough)
=> The film was……………………………………
7. The play was very amusing. They enjoyed it. (Enough)
=> The play was……………………………
8) The children were very late.They couldn’t see the display of fireworks. (Too)
=> The children were…..
9)Your brother is very young.He can’t go swimming. (Too)
=> He is…..………..……..
10 The coffee isn't strong. It won't keep us awake. (Enough)
=> The coffee …..………..……..

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