Experimental Report 4

DETERMINATION OF GRAVITATIONAL ACCELERATION USING

SIMPLE PENDULUM OSCILLATION WITH PC INTERFACE

Name: Nguyễn Quốc Hưng – 20217001

Class: 716770

Group: 3

I/Experimental results
L1= 0.400 (m) L2= 0.500 (m) L3= 0.600 (m)
Trial
T1 (s) T2 (s) T3 (s)
1 1.285 1.434 1.583
2 1.280 1.432 1.579
3 1.285 1.431 1.583
4 1.284 1.433 1.584
5 1.285 1.433 1.582
5 5 5

∑ Ti ∑ Ti ∑ Ti
i=1 i=1
T 1= =1.283(s) T 2= =1.432(s) T 3= i=1 =1.582(s)
5 5 5

√ √ √
5 5 5

∑ ( T 1i−T ❑1 ) 2
∑ ( T 2i−T ❑2 ) 2
∑ ( T 3i−T ❑3 )2
i=1
s . d= =0.004( s) s . d= i=1 =0.004( s) s . d= i=1 =0.002( s)
5 5 5
s .d s .d s .d
S.D≈ =0.001(s) S.D≈ =0.001(s) S.D≈ =0.0008 (s)
√5 √5 √5
1)Pendulum with vertical oscillation plan

Result of Measurement:
+) L1=0.500(m): T1=1.283 ± 0.001(s)
+) L2=0.600(m): T2=1.432 ± 0.001(s)
+) L3=0.700(m): T3=1.582 ± 0.0008(s)
 2)Pendulum with inclined oscillation plan:
θ1=0° θ2=10° θ3 =20°
Trial
T1 (s) T2 (s) T3 (s)
1 0.764 0.769 0.775
2 0.762 0.766 0.774
3 0.768 0.766 0.774
4 0.765 0.767 0.774
5 0.766 0.768 0.776
5
5

∑ Ti
5

∑ Ti ∑ Ti
i=1 i=1 T 3= i=1 =0.774 ( s )
T 1= =0.765 ( s ) T 2= =0.767 ( s ) 5
5 5

√ √ √
5 5 5

∑ ( T 1i−T ❑1 ) 2
∑ ( T 2i−T ❑2 ) 2
∑ ( T 3i−T ❑3 )2
i=1 i=1
s . d= =0.002(s ) s . d= i=1 =0.004( s) s . d= =0.002(
5 5 5
s .d s .d s .d
S.D≈ =0.0008 (s) S.D≈ =0.001(s) S.D≈ =0.0008 (s)
√5 √5 √5
Tria θ 4=40° θ5 =60° θ6 =80 °
l T4 (s) T5 (s) T6 (s)
1 0.891 1.023 1.441
2 0.873 1.019 1.445
3 0.858 1.013 1.449
4 0.854 1.013 1.446
5 0.851 1.008 1.445
5 5 5

∑Ti ∑ Ti ∑ Ti
i=1 i=1 i=1
T 4= =0.856(s) T 5= =1.015(s) T 6= =1.445(s)
5 5 5

√ √ √
5 5 5

∑ ( T 4i−T ❑4 )2 ∑ ( T 5i−T ❑5 )2 ∑ ( T 6i−T ❑6 )2

i=1
s . d= =0.078(s) s . d= i=1 =0.017( s) s . d= i=1
=0.008( s)
5 5 5
s .d s .d s .d
S.D≈ =0.035 (s) S.D≈ =0.008 (s) S.D≈ =0.004 (s)
√5 √5 √5
o
Result of Measurement: +)θ1=0 :T 1=0.765± 0.0008 ( s )

+)θ2=10 o :T 2=0.767 ± 0.001 ( s )

o
+)θ3 =20 :T 3=0.774 ±0.0008 (s)
o
Result of Measurement: +)θ 4=4 0 :T 4=0.846 ±0.035 ( s )

+)θ5 =6 0o :T 5 =1.059 ±0.008( s)

 o
+)θ6 =8 0 :T 6=1.618 ±0.004 (s)
II/Data Processing
1) Determination of the oscillation period of a thread pendulum as a function of the
pendulum length:

Pendulum with vertical oscillation plane:

T =2 π
√ l
g

( )
2
2π
⇒ g=l
T
a. L1=0.4 (m)

g1=L1
( ) 2π 2
T̄ 1
=0.400 × (
2π 2
1.283
=9.59(m/ s2 ) )
√[ ][ ][ ] √(
2 2 2

)( ) ( )
ΔT1 Δ l1 Δπ 0.001
2
0.001
2
0.001
2
Δ g 1=g 1 × −2 + +2 =9.59 4 + +4 =0.429
T1 l1 π 1.283 0.400 π
2
T h en , g1=9.59 ±0.429( m/ s )

2
g1=9.59± 0.429( m/ s )

b. L2=0.5 (m)

g2=L2 ( ) 2π 2
T̄ 2
=0.500 × (
2 ×3.141 2
1.432
2
=9.62(m/s ) )
√[ ][ ][ ] √(
2 2 2

)( ) ( )
ΔT2 Δl 2 Δπ 0.001
2
0.001
2
0.001
2
Δ g 2=g2 × −2 + +2 =9.62 4 + +4 =0.43
T2 l2 π 1.432 0.500 3.141
T h en , g2 =9.62± 0.43(m/s2 )

2
g2=9.62± 0.43(m/ s )
c.L3=0 .6 (m)

( ) ( )
2 2
2π 2× 3.141 2
g3=L3 =0.600 × =9.46( m/s )
T̄ 3 1582

[√ ΔTT ] +[ Δl l ] +[ 2 Δππ ] =9.46 √ 4 ( 0.0008

2 2 2

) +( ) + 4(
3.141 )
2 2 2
3 3 0.001 0.001
Δ g =g × −2
3 3 =0.386
3 3 1.582 0.600

T h en , g3 =9.46 ± 0.386(m/s 2)

2
g3=9.46 ±0.386 (m/s )
2) Determination of the gravitational acceleration as a function of the inclination of the
pendulum force:

Pendulum with
inclined oscillation plane:
T =2 π
√ l
g cos θ

( )
2
l 2π
⇒ g=
cos θ T
a. θ1=0°

( ) ( )
2 2
l 2π 0.135 2 ×3.141 2
g1= = =9.1( m/s )
cos θ 1 T 1 cos 0 0.765

√[ ][ ][ ][ ]
2 2 2
ΔT 1 Δ l1 Δπ Δ cos θ 1
Δ g 1=g 1 × −2 + +2 +
T1 l1 π cos θ1

√ ( )( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
0.0008 0.001 0.001 0.001 2
¿ 9.1 × 4 × + +4 × + =0.07T h en , g1=9.1± 0.07 (m/ s )
0.765 0.135 3.141 1.000

2
g1=9.1± 0.07(m/ s )

b. θ2=10°

( ) ( )
2 2
l 2π 0.135 2 ×3.141
g2 = = =9.19(m/s 2)
cos θ 2 T 2 cos 10 0.767

√[ ][ ][ ][ ]
2 2 2
ΔT2 Δl Δπ Δ cos θ2
Δ g 2=g2 × −2 + + 2 +
T2 l π cos θ2

√ ( )( ) ( )( )
2 2 2 2
0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 2
¿ 9.19 × 4 × + +4× + =0.07T h en , g2 =9.19 ±0.07 (m/s )
0.767 0.135 3.141 0.985

2
g2=9.19± 0.07 (m/ s )

c. θ3 =20°
 ( ) ( )
2 2
l 2π 0.135 2 ×3.141 2
g3 = = =9.46(m/s )
cos θ 3 T 3 cos 20 0.774

√[ ][ ][ ][ ]
2 2 2
Δ T3 Δl Δπ Δ cos θ 3
Δ g 3=g3 × −2 + +2 +
T3 l π cos θ3

√ ( )( ) ( )( )
2 2 2 2
0.0008 0.001 0.001 0.001 2
¿ 9.46 × 4 × + +4× + =0.14T h en , g3 =9.46 ± 0.14(m/ s )
0.774 0.135 3.141 0.940

g3=9.46 ±0.14 (m/s 2)

d. θ 4=40°

g4 =
l
( )
2 π 2 0.135 2× 3.141 2
cos θ4 T 4
=
cos 40 0.856 ( 2
=9.49 (m/s ) )
√[ ][ ][ ][ ]
2 2 2
Δ T4 Δl Δπ Δ cos θ4
Δ g 4=g 4 × −2 + + 2 +
T4 l π cos θ 4

√ ( )( ) ( )( )
2 2 2 2
0.035 0.001 0.001 0.001 2
¿ 9.49 × 4 × + +4× + =0.77T h en , g2 =9.49 ±0.09 (m/s )
0.856 0.135 3.141 0.766

g4 =9.49 ± 0.77(m/ s2 )

e. θ5 =60°

g5=
l
( )
2 π 2 0.135 2×3.141 2
cos θ 5 T 5
=
cos 60 1.015 ( )
2
=10.34( m/ s )

√[ ][ ][ ][ ]
2 2 2
Δ T5 Δl Δπ Δ cos θ 5
Δ g 5=g5 × −2 + +2 +
T5 l π cos θ5

¿ 10.34 × 4 ×
√ ( 1.015)(
0.008 2 0.001 2
+
0.135 )
+4×
3.141
+ (
0.001 2 0.001 2
0.500 )( ) 2
=0.18T h en , g5 =10.34 ± 0.18(m/s )

2
g5=10.34 ±0.18 (m/s )

f. θ6 =80 °
 ( ) ( )
2 2
l 2π 0.135 2× 3.141 2
g6 = = =14.69(m/ s )
cos θ 6 T 6 cos 80 1.445

√[ ][ ][ ][ ]
2 2 2
Δ T6 Δl Δπ Δ cos θ6
Δ g 6=g6 × −2 + +2 +
T6 l π cos θ 6

√ ( )( ) ( )( )
2 2 2 2
0.004 0.001 0.001 0.001 2
¿ 14.69 × 4 × + +4× + =0.16T h en , g6 =14.69 ±0.16 (m/s )
1.445 0.135 3.141 0.174

g6 =14.69± 0.16( m/s2 )