Bài tập Modal verb có đáp án

I. Lý thuyết cách làm Modal verb

1. Động từ khuyết thiếu – Modal verbs là gì?

Động từ khuyết thiếu (Modal Verbs) là loại động từ có chức năng bổ trợ nghĩa
cho động từ chính, không được sử dụng là động từ chính trong câu. Nó dùng
để diễn đạt khả năng, sự dự định, sự cấm đoán hay cả sự cần thiết… Động từ
khuyết thiếu đứng trước động từ chính ở dạng nguyên thể để bổ sung nghĩa cho
động từ chính.
Một số động từ khuyết thiếu phổ biến như: have to, must, can, could, may,
might, should, ought to,…
Cấu trúc:

(+) S + Modal verb (must/can/could/may/might/should,…) + V (nguyên thể) + O

(-) S + Modal verb (must/can/could/may/might/should,…) + not + V (nguyên

thể)
+O

(?) Modal verb (must/can/could/may/might/should,…) + S + V (nguyên thể) + O?

Ví dụ:

- Linda can play volleyball very well. (Linda có thể chơi bóng chuyền rất giỏi.)

- You should finish your homework before going to the theatre. (Bạn nên
hoàn thành bài tập về nhà của mình trước khi đi xem phim.)

- Can you please get out of here? (Bạn làm ơn có thể ra khỏi đây không?)

- She has a fever. Tomorrow she would not go to school (Cô ấy đã bị sốt, ngày
mai chắc cô ấy sẽ không đi học được)

2. Đặc điểm của động từ khuyết thiếu

Do không mang đầy đủ chức năng và tính chất của động từ thường, khi sử dụng
các động từ khuyết thiếu chúng ta cần lưu ý những điểm sau đây.

Không phải chia theo các ngôi số ít hay số nhiều

Các động từ khuyết thiếu không phải chia theo các ngôi số ít hay số nhiều, chỉ sử
dụng ở hai thời điểm đó là hiện tại và quá khứ.

Dạng của hiện tại: may, should, can, will, ought to, had better

Dạng của quá khứ: might, should, could, would, ought to, had better
Ví dụ:

- My brother can speak French fluently. (Anh trai của tôi có thể nói tiếng
Pháp thành thạo.)

- We could go out if it didn’t rain. (Chúng tôi đã có thể ra ngoài đi chơi nếu mà
trời không mưa.)

Không có dạng nguyên mẫu, không có “to” hay các dạng phân từ khác.
Thay vì được sử dụng cho tất cả các thì như động từ thường, động từ khuyết thiếu
không có dạng nguyên mẫu, không có “to” hay bất kỳ dạng phân từ nào khác.

Ví dụ:

- Linda can dance very beautifully. (Linda có thể nhảy rất đẹp.)

- Bill will go to Cat Ba tomorrow. (Bill sẽ đi Cát Bà vào ngày mai.)

Không cần trợ động từ đi kèm trong câu hỏi Yes/No hoặc câu hỏi có vấn từ.
Ví dụ:
A: Can you swim? (Bạn có thể bơi không?)

B: Yes, I can (Tôi có thể.)

Có cách dùng tương đối như một trợ động từ trong câu.
Động từ khuyết thiếu đứng trước động từ chính và bổ nghĩa cho động từ đó, vì vậy
chúng mang cách dùng tương tự như một trợ động từ.

Ví dụ:

- I will go to Sam Son beach next Sunday. (Tôi sẽ đi tới biển Sầm Sơn vào
chủ nhật tới đây.)

- I won’t go to Sam Son beach next Sunday. (Tôi sẽ không đi tới biển Sầm Sơn vào
chủ nhật tới đây.)

3. Các động từ khuyết thiếu thường gặp

Mỗi động từ khuyết thiếu sẽ có một ý nghĩa và chức năng riêng biệt. Vì vậy chúng
ta phải nắm rõ cách dùng của từng từ để có thể vận dụng linh hoạt trong ielts tiếng
Anh cũng như tránh những nhầm lẫn không đáng có. Hãy cùng Step Up tổng hợp
lại một số động từ khuyết thiếu thường gặp nhất qua bảng ngay sau nhé.

Động từ
khuyết Chức năng Ví dụ Chú ý
thiếu
  This class can Can và Could trong
Diễn tả khả năng tại
start in ielts tiếng Anh còn
hiện tại hoặc tương lai
Can: có September được sử dụng trong
về ai đó có thể làm Linda can sing
thể  các câu hỏi, câu đề
được những gì hoặc and dance very nghị, xin phép và yêu
một sự việc có thể sắp well cầu.
xảy ra.

Could: có My daughter could

thể (dạng Diễn đạt một khả năng read books when she Ví dụ:
quá khứ xảy ra trong thì quá was only four years
khứ old.  Could you
của
repeat your
“can”) name, please?
Diễn tả sự cần thiết
phải làm điều gì nhưng “You have to Don’t have to = Don’t
Have to:
là do tác động bởi yếu stop smoking.” Her need to (không cần
phải
tố khách quan (nội quy, doctor said. thiết phải làm gì)
quy định…)

 Diễn đạt sự cần

thiết, điều bắt Mustn’t – chỉ sự một
 All students
buộc ở thì hiện cấm đoán
must hand in
tại hoặc trong
their
Must: tương lai
assignments
phải, chắc  Đưa ra lời
before 18th
hẳn khuyên hay sự Ví dụ:
August.
suy luận mang
 It’s raining. It You mustn’t
tính chắc chắn, 
must be cold. smoke here!
yêu cầu được
nhấn mạnh

May: có Diễn tả điều gì có thể It may rain today May và might còn có
thể xảy ra ở hiện tại thể dùng để xin phép.
Nhưng might ít sử
dụng trong văn nói,
Might: có Diễn tả điều gì có thể chủ yếu sử dụng trong
thể (dạng xảy ra ở quá khứ (cũng Who has just called câu gián tiếp:
quá khứ có thể dùng cho hiện Lam might be June.
của tại nhưng ít khả năng
“may”) hơn “may”)
Ví dụ:
  May I close the
door?.

 Diễn đạt về sự  Tomorrow will Will và Would còn

dự đoán sự việc be rainy. được dùng trong câu
xảy sẽ ra trong  Did you buy a đề nghị, yêu cầu và lời
Will: sẽ tương lai. pen for me ? mời
 Đưa ra một Oh, sorry. I’ll
quyết định ngay go now.
tại thời điểm nói.
Ví dụ:

Would: diễn tả một giả định  Will you take a

sẽ (quá xảy ra hoặc một dự I would go picnicking photo?
khứ của đoán về sự việc có thể if it didn’t rain.  Would you like
“will”) xảy ra trong quá khứ a cup of tea?

Thường dùng để xin ý

kiến và lời
khuyên. (Hiện nay Where shall we eat
Shall: sẽ
“will” được sử dụng tomorrow evening?
nhiều hơn so với
“shall”)

 Diễn đạt sự bắt  You should

buộc hay nhiệm send this
vụ bắt buộc contract to John
nhưng ở mức độ before 5 p.m.
nhẹ hơn so với  You should go
Should: “must” to bed before 11
nên  Dùng để đưa ra p.m everyday.
lời khuyên và ý  He studied very
kiến hard, he should
 Dùng để đưa ra get better
suy đoán grades.

Chỉ sự bắt buộc, có tính

Ought to: chất mạnh hơn You ought not to eat
nên “Should” nhưng bé hơn ice cream at night.
“Must”

II. Bài tập Modal verb

Exercise 1. Choose the best option for each sentence:
1) Young people obey their parents.
a. must
b. may
c. will
d. ought to
2) Laura, you and the kids just have dinner without waiting for me. I work
very hard today.
a. can
b. may
c. should
d. would
3) I be delighted to show you round the factory.
a. ought to
b. would
c. might
d. can
4) Leave early so that you miss the bus.
a. didn’t
b. won’t
c. shouldn’t
d. mustn’t
5) Jenny's engagement ring is enormous! It have cost a fortune
a. must
b. might
c. will
d. should
6) You to write them today.
a. should
b. must
c. had
d. ought
7) I hope I find it.
a. will
b. shall
c. could
d. must
8) Unless he runs he catch the train.
a. will
b. mustn’t
c. wouldn’t
d. won’t
9) you be in Rome tonight.
a. will
b. may
c. might
d. maybe
10) We have time to help you tomorrow.
a. may
b. must
c. will
d. could.
11) " you hand me that pair of scissors, please?"
a. May
b. Will
c. Shall
d. Should
12) Jeanette did very badly on the exam. She harder.
a. must have studied
b. should have studied
c. could have studied
d. must studied
13) He was very lucky when he fell off the ladder. He himself.
a. could have hurt
b. should have hurt
c. must have hurt
d. will have hurt
14) Marcela didn't come to class yesterday. She an accident.
a. should have had
b. might have
c. must have
d. may have had
15) John still hasn't come out. He everything for the trip now.
a. must have been preparing
b. will be preparing
c. must be preparing
d. will have prepared
16) Thomas received a warning for speeding. He so fast.
a. shouldn't have driven
b. would have driven
c. should have
d. might have driven
17) The photos are black. The X-ray at the airport them.
a. should have damaged
b. would have damaged
c. would damage
d. must have damaged
18) Tom didn't do his homework, so the teacher became very angry. He his
homework.
a. must have done
b. should have done
c. might have
d. will have done
19) My car stopped on the high way. It out of gas
a. may run
b. may have run
c. must be
d. should have run
20) Robert arrived without his book. He it.
a. could have lost
b. should have lost
c. would have lost
d. will have lost
21) "Where do you think Rooney is today?". "I have no idea. He late."
a. should have left
b. would have sleep
c. would sleep
d. may have sleep
22) Berbatov painted his bedroom black. It looks dark and dreary. He a
different color.
a. had to choose
b. should have chosen
c. must have chosen
d. could have been choosing
23) The children "thank you" to you when you gave them their gifts.
a. will have said
b. must say
c. should have said
d. should say
24) If we had known your new address, we to see you.
a. came
b. would have come
c. will come
d. would come
25) These two boys look identical. They twins.
a. must have been
b. must be
c. should be
d. should have been
Đáp án:
Exercise 1. Choose the best option for each sentence:
1 - a; 2 - c; 3 - b; 4 - b; 5 - a;
6 - c; 7 - b; 8 - c; 9 - a; 10 - c;
11 - a; 12 - b; 13 - a; 14 - d; 15 - c;
16 - a; 17 - d; 18 - b; 19 - b; 20 - a;
21 - d; 22 - b; 23 - c; 24 - b; 25 - a;
Exercise 2. Rewrite the sentence in the same meaning:
26) Perhaps Susan know the address. (may)
Susan ........................................................................................................
27) It's possible that Joanna didn't receive my message. (might)
Joanna ......................................................................................................
28) The report must be on my desk tomorrow. (has)
The report .................................................................................................
29) I managed to finish all my work. (able)
I ................................................................................................................
30) It was not necessary for Nancy to clean the flat. (didn't)
Nancy ......................................................................................................
31) The best thing for you to do is to sit down sit down. (better)
You ..........................................................................................................
Đáp án:
Exercise 2. Rewrite the sentence in the same meaning:
26. Susan may know the address
27. Joanna mightn't have received my message
28. The report has to be on my desk tomorrow
29. I was able to finish all my work
30. Nancy didn't need to clean the flat
31. You had better sit down
Exercise 3. Rewrite the sentence in the same meaning:
32. I think you should give up smoking immediately. (had)
I think you ……………………………………………………
33. I am sure you were surprised when you heard all the news (must)
You ………………………………………………………………….. when you
heard the news
34. It’s very inconvenient if you can’t drive. (able)
…………………………………………………………………
35. Someone almost certainly broke the window on purpose. (must)
The window...............................................................................on purpose
36. I am sure that the cat is in the house somewhere. (must)
……………………………………………………………………
37. It is possible that one of the men died on the mountain. (may)One of the men
……………………………………………………on the mountain.
38. It’s necessary for me to bring my passport. (have)
I ……………………………………………………………………
39. It wasn’t necessary for you to do all this work (needn’t)
You...............................................................................all this work
40. I am sure that John is not the thief. (can’t)
…………………………………………………………………..
Đáp án:
Exercise 3. Rewrite the sentence in the same meaning:
32. I think you had better give up smoking immediately.
33. You must have been surprised when you heard the news.
34. It is very inconvenient if you aren’t able to drive.
35. The window must have been broken on purpose.
36. I am sure that the cat must be in the house somewhere.
37. One of the men may have died on the mountain.
38. I have to bring my passport.
39. You needn’t have done all this work.
40. I am sure that John can’t be the thief.
Exercise 4. Hoàn thành những câu dưới đây theo các động từ: might, might
not, must, mustn’t, can, can’t.
1. Don’t stand up in the boat! You..............................fall in the river!
2. You really..............................start spending more time on your work.
3. That’s a really stupid idea! You..............................be serious, surely!
4. Don’t be silly. You..............................expect me to believe you!
5. I learn to fly! You..............................be joking!
6. Sue says she’s stuck in traffic and she..............................be late.
7. Tell Peter he...............................stay the night here if he wants to.
8. You..............................realize it, but this is very important to me.
9. We’re not sure but we..............................go to Prague for Christmas this year.
10. Bill cooked the lunch, so you..............................expect anything special!
Đáp án:
Exercise 4. Hoàn thành những câu dưới đây theo các động từ: might, might
not, must, mustn’t, can, can’t.
1. Don’t stand up in the boat! You …………might.............fall in the river!
2. You really …………must.............start spending more time on your work.
3. That’s a really stupid idea! You ……………can.........be serious, surely!
4. Don’t be silly. You …………can’t.............expect me to believe you!
5. I learn to fly! You ………must.................be joking!
6. Sue says she’s stuck in traffic and she ………… might.............be late.
7. Tell Peter he. ………can.................stay the night here if he wants to.
8. You …………might not.............realize it, but this is very important to me.
9. We’re not sure but we ……… might.................go to Prague for Christmas this
year.
10. Bill cooked the lunch, so you …………mustn’t.............expect anything
special!
Exercise 5. Viết lại các câu sau bằng các từ đã cho
1. It was quite unnecessary for you to carry all those parcels home yourself.
You ……………………………………………………………………………
2. I’m sure it wasn’t Mrs. Mai you saw because she is in Boston.
It can’t …………………………………………………………………
3. Maybe John’s working this weekend.
John ……………………………………………………………………………
4. I didn’t apologize. That was wrong of me.
I should …………………………………………………………………………
5. It wasn’t necessary for me to go out after
all. I needn’t
………………………………………………………………………………
6. I’m sure that you didn’t lock the front door. Here is the key.
You can’t …………………………………………………………………………
7. It was careless of you to leave the windows open last
night. You shouldn’t
……………………………………………………………………………
8. I’m sure Alison made arrangement. I recognized her voice.
It must ……………………………………………………………………
9. I’m sure he didn’t know that his brother was seriously
ill. He couldn’t possibly
……………………………………………………………………………
10. I am sure it was Judy that I saw in town this morning
It must ………………………………………………………………………………
Đáp án:
Exercise 5. Viết lại các câu sau bằng các từ đã cho
1. You needn’t have carried all those parcels home yourself.
2. It can’t have been Mrs. Mai you saw because she is in Boston.
3. John may work this weekend
4. I should have apologized. That was wrong of me.
5. I needn’t have gone out after all.
6. You can’t have locked the front door. Here is the key.
7. You shouldn’t have left the windows open last night.
8. It must have been Alison who made arrangement. I recognized her voice.
9. He couldn’t possibly have known that his brother was seriously ill.
10. It must have been Judy that I saw in town this morning.
Exercise 6. put in 'must' or 'can't'
1) Why is that man looking around like that? He be lost.
2) That woman be a doctor! She looks far too young.
3) John always fails the tests, even though he's clever. He study
enough.
4) The food is really good at that restaurant. They have a great chef.
5) Who's that at the door? It be Susie - she'll still be at work now.
6) This be John's house. This house has a red door and it's number 24,
just like he said.
7) Julie have much money or she would buy a new car. Her old one is
falling apart.
8) He be at work now, can he? It's nearly midnight.
9) What a lot of lovely flowers you have! You really like gardening.
10) David drink a lot of coffee. He's finished two packets already this
week.
11) This be Jamie's coat. He's tall and this is tiny.
12) Her life be easy. She has four children and very little money.
13) Where's Lucy? She be at the library, as she often goes there at this
time.
14) This bill be right! £50 for two cups of coffee!.
15) Emma's amazingly good at the piano. She practise a lot.
16) The car in front is driving so slowly that I think they be looking for
something.
17) You've already eaten enough for three people! You still be hungry!.
18) This book belong to the library. It's certainly not mine.
19) It only takes three hours to fly from London to Sydney? That be
correct!.
20) There be something wrong with the fridge! It's making a very unusual
noise.
Đáp án:
Exercise 6. put in 'must' or 'can't'
1) Why is that man looking around like that? He must be lost.
2) That woman can't be a doctor! She looks far too young.
3) John always fails the tests, even though he's clever. He can't study
enough.
4) The food is really good at that restaurant. They must have a great chef.
5) Who's that at the door? It can't be Susie - she'll still be at work now.
6) This must be John's house. This house has a red door and it's number
24, just like he said.
7) Julie can't have much money or she would buy a new car. Her old
one is falling apart.
8) He can't be at work now, can he? It's nearly midnight.
9) What a lot of lovely flowers you have! You must really like gardening.
10) David must drink a lot of coffee. He's finished two packets already
this week.
11) This can't be Jamie's coat. He's tall and this is tiny.
12) Her life can't be easy. She has four children and very little money.
13) Where's Lucy? She must be at the library, as she often goes there at
this time.
14) This bill can't be right! £50 for two cups of coffee!.
15) Emma's amazingly good at the piano. She must practise a lot.
16) The car in front is driving so slowly that I think they must be looking
for something.
17) You've already eaten enough for three people! You can't still be
hungry!.
18) This book must belong to the library. It's certainly not mine.
19) It only takes three hours to fly from London to Sydney? That can't be
correct!.
20) There must be something wrong with the fridge! It's making a very
unusual noise.
Exercise 7. Complete the sentences. Use the present perfect form of the verbs
in brackets.
1. Teachers wear suits for work, but their clothes must be neat and clean.
2. Students use their smart phones during the lessons.
3. You arrive on time for the meeting. It's important not to be late.
4. You eat lunch in the school canteen. Some students prefer to go home for
lunch.
5. Students and teachers be polite to each other.
6. You buy a portfolio, your teacher will give you one.
7. You eat or drink in any of the classrooms.
8. Students take an exam at the end of the first semester.
Đáp án:
Exercise 7. Complete the sentences. Use the present perfect form of the verbs
in brackets.
1. Teachers needn't wear suits for work, but their clothes must be neat and
clean.
2. Students mustn't use their smart phones during the lessons.
3. You must arrive on time for the meeting. It's important not to be late.
4. You needn't eat lunch in the school canteen. Some students prefer to go
home for lunch.
5. Students and teachers must be polite to each other.
6. You _needn't buy a portfolio, your teacher will give you one.
7. You mustn't eat or drink in any of the classrooms.
8. Students must take an exam at the end of the first semester.
Exercise 8. Fill in the blanks using MUST, MUSTN’T, DON’T HAVE TO,
SHOULD, SHOULDN’T, MIGHT, CAN,CAN’T
1. Rose be good playes. They has won many prizes !
2. You pay to use the library. It’s free.
3. I’m not sure where my husband is at the moment. He be at
the gym.
4. Jerry be working today. He never works on Sundays.
5. You be 18 to see that horror film.
6. You hear this radio program. It’s very funny.
7. Dad go to the hospital. His cough is getting worse all the
time.
8. You don’t have to shout. I hear you very well.
9. It be him. I saw him a week ago, and he didn’t look like
that.
10. You look pretty tired. I think you go to bed early tonight.
Đáp án:
Exercise 8. Fill in the blanks using MUST, MUSTN’T, DON’T HAVE TO,
SHOULD, SHOULDN’T, MIGHT, CAN,CAN’T
1. Rose must be good player. They has won many prizes !
2. You don't have to pay to use the library. It’s free.
3. I’m not sure where my husband is at the moment. He might
be at the gym.
4. Jerry can't be working today. He never works on Sundays.
5. You must be 18 to see that horror film.
6. You must hear this radio program. It’s very funny.
7. Dad should go to the hospital. His cough is getting worse
all the time.
8. You don’t have to shout. I can hear you very well.
9. It can't be him. I saw him a week ago, and he didn’t look
like that.
10. You look pretty tired. I think you should go to bed early
tonight.
Exercise 9. Complete the sentences. Use “can/ can’t/ could/ couldn’t”
1. I was short of money last week. I buy that disk.
2. I am afraid, I come to your country.
3. When my father was a schoolboy, he was a good runner. He run
very fast.
4. My great grandmother was very clever. She speak three foreign
languages.
5. Denys swim quite well now. But last summer he
swim at all.
6. My grandfather loved music very much. He play the piano and
the guitar very well.
Đáp án:
Exercise 9. Complete the sentences. Use “can/ can’t/ could/ couldn’t”
1. I was short of money last week. I couldn’t buy that disk.
2. I am afraid, I can’t come to your country.
3. When my father was a schoolboy, he was a good runner. He
could run very fast.
4. My great grandmother was very clever. She could speak three
foreign languages.
5. Denys can swim quite well now. But last summer he
couldn’t swim at all.
6. My grandfather loved music very much. He could play the piano
and the guitar very well.
Exercise 10. Fill the blank with MUST, MUSTN’T, DON’T HAVE TO,
SHOULD, SHOULDN’T, MIGHT, CAN, CAN’T
1. Let me look. I be able to help you.
2. “Children, you cross the street if the lights are red !”
3. You sit so near the TV. It’s bad for your eyes.
4. I’m sorry but I give you a lift because my car is broken.
5. I stop and talk to you now. I have to get to the library.
6. You really go to the Louvre if you’re in Paris. It’s
wonderful.
7. You come to the party if you don’t feel well.
8. I don’t know where Kelly is. She be at her sister’s .
9. You have passed all your tests. You be very pleased with
yourself.
10. You smoke in your car, especially if there are
children sitting in the
back
Đáp án:
Exercise 10. Fill the blank with MUST, MUSTN’T, DON’T HAVE TO,
SHOULD, SHOULDN’T, MIGHT, CAN, CAN’T
1. Let me look. I MIGHT be able to help you.
2. “Children, you MUSTN’T cross the street if the lights are
red !”
3. You SHOULDN’T sit so near the TV. It’s bad for your
eyes.
4. I’m sorry but I CAN’T give you a lift because my car is
broken.
5. I CAN’T stop and talk to you now. I have to get to the
library.
6. You really MUST/SHOULD go to the Louvre if you’re in
Paris. It’s wonderful.
7. You DON’T HAVE TO come to the party if you don’t feel
well.
8. I don’t know where Kelly is. She MIGHT be at her sister’s .
9. You have passed all your tests. You SHOULD be very
pleased with yourself.
10. You SHOULDN’T/MUSTN’T smoke in your car,
especially if there are children sitting in the back