GUJARATTECHNOLOGICALUNIVERSITY

Chandkheda,Ahmedabad
Affiliated

SHANTILAL SHAH GOVERMENT

ENGINEERING COLLAGE, BHAVNAGAR
A
Project Report
On

Hydrologic Bridge
Under subject of
DESIGN ENGINEERING–2 B
B.E.Semester-VI (Civil Engineering)

Submitted by Group:

Sr. Name of student Enrollment No.

1 Kalasariya Harsh P. 190430106059
2 Kanara Sandip K. 190430106061
3 Pathak Rahul B. 190430106108
4 Vishvash Rukwal 190430106157
5 Jamwal Sachin 190430106159

Mr. H.K. Sarvaiya

(Faculty Guide)

PROF
Head of the Department

Academic year
(2021-2022)
 SSEC BHAVNAGAR

SHANNTILAL SHAH ENGINEERING

COLLAGE,BHAVNAGAR

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr. KALSARIYA HARSH PARSOTTAMBHAI of
Bachelors of Engineering of semester 6 having Enrolment
No:190430106059 Student of CIVIL ENGINEERING Has

satisfactorily completed detail project report of “ HYDROLOGIC

BRIDGE“ during the academic year 2021-22 This project work has
been carried out by them in group (05 Person) under guidance of
Asst.Prof.H.K.SARVAIYA

Date of Submission: __/ __/____

Faculty Guide HOD

Asst.Prof, H.K.SARVAIYA Prof.(DR,)B,B.KUCHHADIYA

 SSEC BHAVNAGAR

SHANNTILAL SHAH ENGINEERING

COLLAGE,BHAVNAGAR

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr. VISHWASH RUKWAL of

Bachelors of Engineering of semester 6 having Enrolment

No:190430106157 Student of CIVIL ENGINEERING Has

satisfactorily completed detail project report of “ HYDROLOGIC

BRIDGE“ during the academic year 2021-22 This project work has
been carried out by them in group (05 Person) under guidance of
Asst.H.K.SARVAIYA

Date of Submission: __/ __/____

Faculty Guide HOD

Asst.Prof, H.K.SARVAIYA Prof.(DR,)B,B.KUCHHADIYA

SSEC BHAVNAGAR
 SHANNTILAL SHAH ENGINEERING
COLLAGE,BHAVNAGAR

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr. PATHAK RAHUL BHAVESHBHAI Iof
Bachelors of Engineering of semester 6 having Enrolment
No:190430106108 Student of CIVIL ENGINEERING Has

satisfactorily completed detail project report of “ HYDROLOGIC

BRIDGE“ during the academic year 2021-22 This project work has
been carried out by them in group (05 Person) under guidance of
Asst.H.K.SARVAIYA

Date of Submission: __/ __/____

Faculty Guide HOD

Asst.Prof, H.K.SARVAIYA Prof.(DR,)B,B.KUCHHADIYA

SSEC BHAVNAGAR

SHANNTILAL SHAH ENGINEERING

 COLLAGE,BHAVNAGAR

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr. SACHIN JAMWAL of

Bachelors of Engineering of semester 6 having Enrolment

No:190430106159 Student of CIVIL ENGINEERING Has

satisfactorily completed detail project report of “ HYDROLOGIC

BRIDGE“ during the academic year 2021-22 This project work has
been carried out by them in group (05 Person) under guidance of
Asst.Prof.H.K.SARVAIYA

Date of Submission: __/ __/____

Faculty Guide HOD

Asst.Prof H.K.SARVAIYA Prof.(DR,)B,B.KUCHHADIYA

SSEC BHAVNAGAR

SHANNTILAL SHAH ENGINEERING

COLLAGE,BHAVNAGAR
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr.KANARA SANDIP KARANBHAI of
Bachelors of Engineering of semester 6 having Enrolment
No:190430106108 Student of CIVIL ENGINEERING Has
satisfactorily completed detail project report of “ HYDROLOGIC
BRIDGE“ during the academic year 2021-22 This project work has
been carried out by them in group (05 Person) under guidance of
Asst.H.K.SARVAIYA

Date of Submission: __/ __/____

Faculty Guide HOD

Asst.Prof, H.K.SARVAIYA Prof.(DR,)B,B.KUCHHADIYA

SSEC BHAVNAGAR

INDEX
TITLE:
-O ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
1 INTRODUCTION

2. AEIOU AND MIND MAP

3. EMPATHY CANVAS

4. IDEATION CANVAS

5. LEARNINGS NEEDS MATRIX CANVAS

6. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT CANVAS

7. PROTOTYPE

8. CONCLUSION
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all we would like to thank our project guide

Mr.H.K.SARVAIYA Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering
Department, Shantilal Shah Collage of Engineering and
Applied Research who has given valuable support during
the course of our project by clarifying our doubts and
guiding us with his novel ideas. We would like to thank
Prof. A.K. WATAL, Head of Department, Civil Engineering,
E-Max School of Engineering and Applied Research. We
extend our sincere thanks to all teaching staff of Civil
Engineering Department, those who helped us in
completing this project successfully. Lastly we also thank
the people who directly or indirectly gave us
encouragement and support throughout the project
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1.INTRODUCTION
- HYDRAULIC ASSISTED BRIDGE

• Hydraulically Assisted Bridges also abbreviated to HAB

is a new concept into bridge design which incorporates an
integrated hydraulic system into the bridge in order to
carry more weight. The system is most suitable for arch
based bridges in which the main forces are directed in a
horizontal sideways direction.
• The hydraulic system is integrated into the main load
bearing members of the bridge can be minimally controlled
by computers; however if calibrated and constructed
accurately, the system has the possibility for non-
electronic autonomic self-adjustment which entails low
maintenance cost and a reduced safety risk in an event of
an electrical malfunction.
• Incorporates an integrated hydraulic system into the
bridge in order to carry more weight
• Suitable for arch based bridges
How it works
• The bridge is chiefly appropriate for bridges which
inherently distributes their forces in a lateral/horizontal
direction at the supports at the reactions. This includes
bridges based on the arch, such as bowstring arch
bridges. At the midpoint of the arch there is a pinned
connection, essentially making it a three.
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Mid-Span of Bridge.

•At the mid-span, the high pressure hydraulic fluid

causes another piston to become raised. And this
causes it to push with a vertical force, hence
counteracting the load that was initially implied.
This is where calibration and calculation is required.

•The pressure provided by the hydraulic fluid related

to the formula: P=F/A or pressure = force per unit
area. Hence the system can be calibrated to provide
a certain amount of vertical force provided by the
vertical hydraulic by changing the diameter of the
piston and shafts. The correlation is, the smaller the
diameter of the piston/shaft assembly, the higher
the pressure. The piston and shaft assembly of the
vertical column can also be altered and need not be
equivalent to the pistons at the supports.

• Importantly, you can cause the vertical piston to

displace too much than required or displace by too
little, hence detailed calculation is required.
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MOVEABLE BRIDGE.

• A moveable bridge, or movable bridge (common

alternative spelling in American English), is a bridge
that moves to allow passage (usually) for boats or
barges.[1] In American English, moveable bridge
and drawbridge are synonymous, and the latter is
the common term, but drawbridge can be limited to
the narrower, historical definition used in some
other forms of English, in which drawbridge refers
only to a specific type of moveable bridge.

•An advantage of making bridges moveable is the

lower cost, due to the absence of high piers and
long approaches. The principal disadvantage is that
the traffic on the bridge must be halted when it is
opened for passages. For seldom-used railroad
bridges over busy channels, the bridge may be left
open and then closed for train passages. For small
bridges, bridge movement may be enabled without
the need for an engine. Some bridges are operated
by the users, especially those with a boat, others by
a bridgeman (or bridge tender); a few remotely using
video-cameras and loudspeakers. Generally, the
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bridges are powered by electric motors, whether

operating winches, gearing, or hydraulic pistons.

While moveable bridges in their entirety may be

quite long, the length of the moveable portion is
restricted by engineering and cost considerations to
a few hundred feet.
•There are often traffic lights for the road and water
traffic, and moving barriers for the road traffic

• In the United States, regulations governing the

operation of moveable bridges (referred to as
drawbridges)[2] – for example, hours of operation
and how much advance notice must be given by
water traffic – are listed in Title 33 of the Code of
Federal Regulations;[3] temporary deviations are
published in the Coast Guard's Local Notice to
Mariners.
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Types of movable bridges.

• Drawbridge (British English definition) – the bridge

deck is hinged on one end
• Bascule bridge – a drawbridge hinged on pins with
a counterweight to facilitate raising ; road or rail
• Rolling bascule bridge – an unhinged drawbridge
lifted by the rolling of a large gear segment along a
horizontal rack
• Folding bridge – a drawbridge with multiple
sections that collapse together horizontally
• Curling bridge – a drawbridge with transverse
divisions between multiple sections that curl
verticall
• Fan Bridge - a drawbridge with longitudinal
divisions between multiple bascule sections that
rise to various angles of elevation, forming a fan
arrangement
• Vertical-lift bridge – the bridge deck is lifted by
counterweighted cables mounted on towers ; road
or rail
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• Table bridge – a lift bridge with the lifting

mechanism mounted underneath it
• Retractable bridge (Thrust bridge) – the bridge
deck is retracted to one side
• Submersible bridge – also called a ducking bridge,
the bridge deck is lowered down into the water
• Tilt bridge – the bridge deck, which is curved and
pivoted at each end, is lifted at an angle
• Swing bridge – the bridge deck rotates around a
fixed point, usually at the centre, but may resemble
a gate in its operation ; road or rail
• Transporter bridge – a structure high above carries
a suspended, ferry-like structure
• Jet bridge – a passenger bridge to an airplane. One
end is mobile with height, yaw, and tilt adjustments
on the outboard end
• Guthrie rolling bridge
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EXPERIMENTAL COMPONENTS

• HYDRAULIC BRIDGE MODEL

• RACK & PINION ARRANGEMENT
• BATTARY 12V
• DC MOTOR 12
• CONNECTORS
• HOSE
• IR SENSO
• LED

DESCRIPTIONS

• RACK & PINION ARRANGEMENT

•A rack and pinion is a type of linear actuator that

comprises a pair of gears which convert rotational
motion into linear motion.

•A circular gear called "the pinion" engages teeth on

a linear "gear" bar called "the rack"; rotational
motion applied to the pinion causes the rack to
move relative to the pinion, thereby translating the
rotational motion of the pinion into linear motion.
•For example, in a rack railway, the rotation of a
pinion mounted on a locomotive or a railcar
engages a rack between the rails and forces a train
up a steep slope.
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• For every pair of conjugate involute profile, there is

a basic rack. This basic rack is the profile of the
conjugate gear of infinite pitch radius (i.e. a toothed
straight edge).

•A generating rack is a rack outline used to indicate

tooth details and dimensions for the design of a
generating tool, such as a hob or a gear shaper
cutter.

Applications.

•Rack and pinion combinations are often used as

part of a simple linear actuator, where the rotation of
a shaft powered by hand or by a motor is converted
to linear motion.

BATTERY 12V.

•A battery electric multiple unit, battery electric railcar

or accumulator railcar is an electrically driven multiple
unit or railcar whose energy is derived from
rechargeable batteries that drive its traction motors.
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EXPERIMENTAL MODEL.
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WORKING PRINCIPLE .

•The working principle of the simple hydraulic

bridge this is to use a hydraulic piston in
accordance with the application of the principle of
Pascal: "The change in fluid pressure dterapkan
closed cannot be compressed, distributed and not
reduced to any portion of the fluid and the wall
cross-section.

•" If we exert a force on the piston (represented by

injection) containing fluid uncompressed which is
connected with the other piston prop under the
bridge, with the assumption of cross-sectional area
both pistons together, the force applied will be
channeled to a piston that is under the bridge with
the same great style.

•This causes the piston under the bridge has a style

for lift the bridge so that the bridge can be upwards.
Conversely, if we pull the piston back as before, the
piston under the bridge will be interested and cause
the bridge down.
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•IR sensor: Sensors are basically electronic devices

which are used to sense the changes that occur in
their surroundings. The change may be in color,
temperature, moisture, sound, heat etc. They sense
the change and work accordingly. In IR sensor the
there is emitter and detector. Emitter emits the IR
rays and detector detects it.

ADVANTAGES.

• If accurately calibrated there is no need for computers to

control the hydraulic actuators. The hydraulic rams can be
in motion only by the loading applied to it. That is to say if
a certain load is applied on the bridge, the hydraulic ram
applies an appropriate force upwards to counteract any
deflections. This implies that there is very little
maintenance concerning automated systems and in
situations such as blackouts or malfunctions, the bridge
will not be in any immediate concern for failure.
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•As a result of applying a force upwards that is dependent

on the load and displacement of the bridge, the quantity of
material required to construct the bridge is reduced. The
material alone does not have to handle all imposed
loading; the load is distributed onto the hydraulic rams.
Consequently less money can be used in purchasing
materials and the project cost is reduced (arguably, the
money may be spent on the hydraulic systems).

•Certainly, elegant bridges may be constructed with

thinner structural members, which can increase its
aesthetic and social impact on the community around it.
What is more is that if the load becomes to great and
causes the mid-span piston to go down, then the support
pistons will push inwards resulting in the arch heading
upwards; hence they maintain equilibrium.