GOVERNMENT 2, AMBAD.

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

- applied machanics-22203
ACADEMIC YEAR- 2020-21

A MICRO-PROJECT ON
“Centre of gravity”
FOR THE AWARD OF

DIPLOMA IN ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

(CIVIL ENGINEERING-CE 2I)

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

PROF. A.R.BAIS

SUBMITTED BY

Sr.no. Enrollment no. Name of student

1. 2011620001 Anjankar Pavan Sanjay
2. 2011620023 Khan Aveshkhan firozkhan
3. 2011620029 Kolhe Gopal Rajendra
4. 2011620051 Sawant shivam Rajesh
5. 2011620059 Tiwrangkar Aditya digambar
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

1
 GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC,AMBAD.
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
Applied machanics -22203

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the Micro-project entitled “ center of gravity” being submitted

here with for the award of DIPLOMA IN ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY in CIVIL

ENGINEERING of MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD & TECHNICAL

EDUCATION (MSBTE) is the result of Micro-project work completed by ----------------

----------------------under the supervision and guidance of A.R. BAIS.

It is to the best of my knowledge and belief that the work embodied in this Micro-project
has not formed earlier the basis for the award of any degree or diploma of this or any
other Board or examining body.

Academic Year: 2020-2021 Semester:First (2I) Enrollment No:

Place: Ambad
Date:
SANGAM H.KUMBHAR Mr.P.V. MORE Dr. A.M.Jinturkar
Micro-project Guide H.O.D Principal

2
 DECLARATION
I, the undersigned hereby declare that the project entitled “ center of gravity ” is
written and submitted by me to Government Polytechnic Ambad during Year 2020-21,
Second Semester for partial fulfillment of the ‘Micro Project’ requirement of APPLIED
MACHANICS course under Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Mumbai
curriculum, under the guidance of Prof. Satish S. wagh is my original work.

The empirical findings in this project are based on the collected data and are not
copied from any other sources.

Sr.no. Roll no. Enrollment no. Name of student

1. 01 2011620001 Anjankar Pavan Sanjay
2. 23 2011620023 Khan Aveshkhan firozkhan
3. 29 2011620029 Kolhe Gopal Rajendra
4. 51 2011620051 Sawant shivam Rajesh
5. 59 2011620059 Tiwrangkar Aditya
digambar
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

3
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I have great pleasure to express my immense gratitude towards a dynamic

person and my project guidance, A.R.BAIS, Department of CIVIL ENGINEERING
Government Polytechnic, Ambad for giving me an opportunity to work on an
interesting topic over one semester. The work presented here could not have been
accomplished without his most competent and inspiring guidance, incessant
encouragement, constructive criticism and constant motivation during all phases of
our group Micro-project work. I am highly indebted to him.
I am very much thankful to Prof. A.R. BAIS Head Department of CIVIL

ENGINEERING all HODs of various departments and Prof. Dr. A.M.JINTURKAR

Sir, The Principal of Government Polytechnic, Ambad for his encouragement and
providing me a motivating environment and project facilities in the Institute to carry
out experiments and complete this Micro-project work.
I would like to extend my thanks to all our professors, staff members
and all our friends who extended their co-operation to complete the project.
I am indeed indebted to my parents and other family members for their
immense help at all levels with moral, social & financial support, care and
support throughout my studies without which my work would not have seen
light of the day.
With warm regards,
Yours Sincerely,

Place: Ambad …………………………………………..

Date:

4
 GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC, AMBAD.
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Applied machanics -22203

ACADEMIC YEAR- 2020-21
A MICRO-PROJECT ON
” Center of gravit
(CIVIL) ENGINEERING-CE 2I)

INDEX

Student’s name :SHIVAM RAJESHS SAWANT

FOR PART :-A PLAN

Sr. Title Page

no no
1. 07

2. 07

3. 08

4. 08

5
 Center of
Gravity

6
 1.0 Brief Introduction

 A Tigid body is composed of number of very small particless

OCcupying the fixed position. The force with which a body is
attracted towards the centre of the earth is called as weight of the
body or gravity force which is proportional to its mass.
 The weight of each particle of a body acts vertically downward and
hence it is shown by a vector.
 Therefore number of particles of a body with its own weight form a
parallel system of forces.
 We have already studied 2 in chapter that resultant of the parallel
force system act through a point.
 Similarly resultant weight of all particles of a body acts
vertically downward through a point termed as centre of gravity.

2.0 Aim of the Micro-project

1) To know the information of center of gravity.

3) To know activities of center of gravity .

4) To know the information about center of gravity.

7
3.0 Action Plan

1 .Project is distributed by our teacher and Our group get

the project names methods Of collection of waste.

2. Group members appointed meeting and Project work

is distributed to all group Members.

3. First decide and searching information of Project

on network, library books.

4. The collection of information and arranged Information

5. The work to started to make a project report and chart

6. Check the project report when completed work

7. Check all information

8. Submitted micro-project

4.0 Resources Required

8
 1. Mobile
2. Search engines
3. Reference website
4. Reference books

PART B
(MICRO-PROJECT PROPOSAL
(FORMAT FOR MICRO PROJECT
PROPOSAL)

(SPECIFICATIONS FOR PRISMATIC

COMPASS, DUMPY LEVEL, AUTO
LEVEL, DIGITAL PLANIMETER)
1.0 Brief Description:

The point at which the whole weight of the body is supposed

to act, irrespective of the position of the body is known as
centre of gravity." It is denoted by letter 'G".
The term, centre of gravity (C.G.) is only applied to the
solid body having volume (V). For example, the centre of
volume for solid body like cone, cylinder, sphere,
hemisphere etc. and composite body is said to be a centre of
gravity (G).

2.0 Aim of the Micro-project

9
 1) To know the information of center of gravity.
2) To know the importance of center of gravity.
3) To know activities of basic center of gravity.

3.0Course Outcomes Integrated

a) Explain the centre of gravityts

b) To obtain the more knowledge about center of gravity

4.0 Actual Procedure Followed

For example, consider a rectangular body consisting of six

particles having its own weights W, W2, Wa, W, Ws and W
acts vertically downward through the points G,, Gz, G.G G,
and G, respectively Then resultant weight of these particles
is W, acts through a point called as centre of gravity (G)
where whole weight of all particles of a body is assumed to
be located.
10
5.0Actual Resources used

Sr. Name of Specification Quantity Remarks

No. resources/
material
1 Mobile good quality
2 Search Chrome, UC As per
engines browser req.
3 Reference Contain As per simple and
site brief req. important
information knowledge
of
project
4 Reference 1 easy language

1
 book

6.0 Outputs of the Micro-projects

1) I prepared the chart of center of gravity.

2) I know the detailed information of center of gravity
3) I get that the what is centre of gravity .

7.0 Skilled Developed/ learning out of this Micro-

Project

➢ By doing this micro project we get the more

knowledge about machanics.

➢ Our observation skill is improved.

➢ Learn the importance of , center of gravity.

12
 REFERENCES

Nirali publication book

Techknowedge publication book
Tech neo publication book
Wikipidia.com.

• When gravity acts on a body, every particle of

which it is composed is attracted toward the earth.
The resultant force is the body’s weight.

1
• Through which point does this resultant force act?
CENTER OF GRAVITY (CG)
• Definitions:
– Theoretical point at which all of the body’s weight
is considered to be concentrated
– Point about which a body will balance
• It is not necessarily the point about which there are
equal amounts of weight. Rather, it is a “point”
about which these weights are “balanced”.
• Example: teeter-totter CG location is dependent on
weight distribution of body.

– CG location is dependent on the weight and

the distribution of this weight within the body
• Human body:
– Is the CG of the human body always in the same
place?
– In the anatomical position, the CG is near
the waist.
• Females: 53-56% of standing height
• Males: 54-57% of standing height
– The CG does NOT have to lie within the physical
matter of the body:
• tire, basketball, football helmet
– In humans, the CG may also fall outside body’s
physical matter:
• (e.g., high jumper, pole vaulter)

14
 Long Jump

• Within which physical boundaries must the CG lie?

Linear Kinetics
• Force
– Effect that one body has on another
– A push or a pull applied to an object
– That required to change the state of motion of an
object (i.e., that which causes acceleration)Force
(Cause)
Acceleration (Effect) Characteristics of Force
• Force is a vector quantity:
– Magnitude & direction
• A third, unique characteristic:
– The point of application (especially important
relative to the determination of moments or torques)
• Therefore, to completely understand the
influence of a net force, we must have knowledge
of all three characteristics

Newton’s Laws of Motion

• First Law: Inertia

1
– a body will continue in its state of motion unless
acted upon by a net force.
• Second Law: ΣF = ma
– Acceleration is proportional to the net force acting
on a body.
• Third Law: Action-reaction
– For every force there is an equal and opposite force.

• Example:

16
– What is the net force acting on the gymnast if she
maintains this static position?
– Draw and label each of the forces acting on the
gymnast in this situation.
– Identify each of the reaction forces.

Linear Kinetics Exercise

• Draw and label all of the vertical forces which are

acting on this athlete.
• Express these forces in terms of Newton’s 2nd Law.
• Under what circumstances will his
body (CM) experience a positive acceleration?
• Under what circumstances will his body
(CM) experience a negative acceleration?
• Under what circumstances will his body
(CM) experience zero
acceleration?
• Draw the acceleration-time curves of the CM during
the following activities:

1
– From a standing position, suddenly squat down
and hold this position

– From a squatted position, suddenly stand back up

and hold this upright position.

How well do you know it?

(can you do it backwards?)

Summary

• Positive Acceleration

18
– increasing velocity in the upward direction
– decreasing velocity in the downward direction
– changing directions from downward to upward

• Negative Acceleration

– decreasing velocity in the upward direction

– increasing velocity in the downward direction
– changing directions from upward to downward

• Zero Acceleration

– constant velocity
– peak velocities

Pressure

• Force applied to an object is rarely applied

at a single point. Rather, it is distributed
over an area.
Pressure = Force/Area
Pressure = “force per cross-sectional area”

Examples

• Lying down vs. standing

• High heels vs. tennis shoes

1
• Rock in your shoe
• Atmospheric pressure
• Catching a baseball with a mitt vs. barehanded
• What are differences in Force?
• What are the differences in surface or contact area?
• What are the resulting effects on pressure?

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