INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT

GAIA PEBBLES SDN. BHD.

LOT NO. 22, JALAN LINGGIS 15/24,
TAMAN PERINDUSTRIAN LINGGIS, SEKSYEN 15,
40200 SHAH ALAM, SELANGOR

ARIF DANIAL BIN AHMAD DAHLAN

2019227876

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

MARCH-JULY 2022
 ABSTRACT

This report discusses and explains my 17-week journey of industrial training

at Gaia Pebbles Sdn. Bhd. to fulfil the requirements for the Industrial Training Course
(MEC390) by the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at Universiti Teknologi Mara
(UiTM). The internship began on March 14, 2022. Gaia Pebbles is a well-known 3D
printing and manufacturing company and is located in Seksyen 15, Shah Alam. During
my internship training, I was exposed to new tasks, work cultures, and ideals in 3D
print production, reverse engineering, 3D filament extrusion, public relations, and
corporate communication. This is the first time I have had a true hands-on working
environment because all of these tasks are very different from what I studied in the
Mechanical Engineering syllabus. Initially, I found it difficult to adjust to the new
environment and work nature, but I ultimately adjusted and continued to learn from
my co-workers there. While finishing the internship, some of my ideas were rejected
and others were adjusted, and these experiences helped me to improve myself and
avoid making the same mistakes again. My supervisors are usually constructive when
I make mistakes, and I have found that it is quite good for me to learn and adapt to the
new atmosphere. Aside from that, the internship exposed me to how the organization
operates, which differs greatly from what is taught in the classroom. During the
internship, I was given shorter deadlines, which helped me boost my job efficiency
and critical thinking when developing new content or finishing assigned tasks.
Furthermore, I am able to enhance my self-confidence and take responsibility for the
tasks assigned to me. This can be viewed as practise for me before embarking on my
future job path. In a word, I believe that this industrial training programme at Gaia
Pebbles gives me a variety of work experiences, work cultures, and work ideals that
will help me begin my future career path. I believe that completing the internship
training assists the student in adapting and preparing for the real working environment.
I also learned that students should improve their language fluency, particularly in
Bahasa Malaysia and English, in order to improve their oral presentation and writing
skills.

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent and Merciful, all praise be to Allah,
Lord of the universe, and peace be upon His Messenger. Above all, I want to praise
Him for blessing me with patience and mental fortitude to complete the industrial
training report. It is certainly a necessary requirement for obtaining a certified diploma
with flying colours, and I have received exceptional assistance from various sources,
which I would want to record here with great pleasure and appreciation.
First and foremost, I wanted to thank and appreciate Mr. Mohamad Aqil
Amizan bin Nor Amizan and Mr. Muhammad Ammar bin Abdullah, my industrial
training supervisors. Both of them are extremely friendly and willing to give any
newcomer, including myself, their undivided attention. Thank you so much for your
encouragement, feedback, and invaluable teaching. I would also like to thank the dear
lecturers who helped me and my classmates throughout the internship programme,
from the beginning to the end. Their expert guidance, suggestions in class, and all of
the updated announcements have all provided me with important information in
achieving the concept and objectives of this mandatory report.
Furthermore, I dedicate this to my dear family and practical friends; I am
grateful for all the supporting hands they extended to me when I had lost my
confidence at one point, and they simply brought me back into consciousness. I am
grateful to all of those who have been of significant assistance to me. They are
incredibly special people, whom I cannot name individually. Last but not least, I want
to thank me for believing in me; for doing all this hard work; for having no days off;
for never quitting; for always being a giver and trying to give more than I receive; for
trying to do more right than wrong; and lastly, for just being me at all times.
It is a privilege to be a member of the organization for 17 weeks, and I thank
Gaia Pebbles Sdn. Bhd. entirely for accepting me. The staff's compassion for me was
great and unforgettable. It is a wonderful pleasure to work with a prestigious
organization. Therefore, the least I can expect is that my hard work and training will
be the excellent essence to a better application of the Mechanical Engineering course
in the near future.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS iv

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Definition of Industrial Training 1
1.2 Industrial Training Objectives 2

CHAPTER TWO: ORGANIZATIONAL OVERVIEW 3

2.1 Background 3
2.2 Mission & Vision 4
2.3 Objectives 4
2.4 Organizational Structure 5
2.5 Corporate Structure 5

CHAPTER THREE: INDUSTRIAL TRAINING OVERVIEW 7

3.1 Structural of Main Activity 7
3.1.1 Production 7
3.1.2 Event Space 11
3.2 Scope of Training 12
3.2.1 Operation 12
3.2.2 Maintenance 12
3.2.3 Design & Plan 12
3.2.4 Computational & Paperwork 13

CHAPTER FOUR: DETAILS OF INDUSTRIAL TRAINING 14

4.1 Industrial Environment 14
4.1.1 Adaptation and Adjustment to the Industry 14
4.1.2 Practice of 5S in Workplace 14
4.2 Industrial Experience 15
4.2.1 Manage 3D Printing Machines 15
4.2.2 Design Models in CAD Software 17
4.2.3 Reverse Engineering 18
4.2.4 Manage and Assists in Events 19

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 4.3 Industrial Project 20

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY 22

5.1 Conclusion 22
5.2 Recommendation 22

REFERENCES 23
APPENDICES 24

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 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

All sixth semester students must perform mandatory industrial training in

either government or private sector organizations as part of the Diploma in Mechanical
Engineering (EM110) programme requirement. A Diploma student must complete at
least 17 weeks of industrial training as part of their programme, according to the
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at UiTM. The training will begin after the final
exam in semester five. Students should have completed their mandatory elective
course by semester five in order to be more prepared and to have obtained the
necessary information or knowledge to do the course.

1.1 Definition of Industrial Training

Industrial training is a programme that provides good practical training within
a set time span. It is provided by both private and government organizations. In the
workplace, each student will be assigned a supervisor who will provide guidance.
Industrial training provides students with valuable skills and practical
knowledge while also encouraging them to become competent and successful
engineers. During the training time, the students will obtain both theoretical and
practical knowledge. A minimum training time of 17 weeks is required. After
successfully completing the training, students should go through the training
assessment. The eligible students will be graded based on their training. Students must
also provide a documented report and logbook based on their training work. Selected
lecturers will be assigned to visit the workplace to verify that students have received
sufficient training exposure.
Industrial training includes the requirement for real-time employment and job
offers. Students can choose a career in a variety of job environments. It is essential to
upgrade one's existing skills through industrial training courses in order to guarantee
more work opportunities. During the training period, students learn about the most
recent technologies and how they are currently applied in relevant and significant
businesses in industries.

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1.2 Industrial Training Objectives
The aim of industrial training is to expose students to real-world work
environments while also gaining knowledge through hands-on observation and job
performance. Students will gain skills in work ethics, communication, management,
and other areas as a result of their industrial training. Furthermore, this hands-on
training programme enables students to connect academic knowledge to actual
implementation in the manufacturing world. The following are the objectives of
industrial training:
i. To give students the opportunity to test their interest in a particular field
before making long-term commitments.
ii. To improve one's ability to apply theory to real-world work situations.
iii. To gain knowledge and skills relevant to their careers.
iv. Internships help students develop a sense of responsibility and good
work habits.
v. To expose students to real-world work environments and assist them in
developing expertise in technical work or project reports.
vi. To instil in students’ strength, teamwork, and self-confidence.
vii. To boost students' creativity skills and their ability to share ideas
viii. To learn appropriate corporate behaviour in the industrial sector and to
develop effective communication skills with a group of workers.
ix. During their training, the student will be imbued with positive moral
principles such as accountability, commitment, and trustworthiness.

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 CHAPTER TWO: ORGANIZATIONAL OVERVIEW

2.1 Background

Figure 2.1.1 Gaia Pebbles Logo

Gaia Pebbles Sdn. Bhd. was founded in 2020 in the midst of the COVID-19
pandemic, which spurred the company to be creative in establishing new and
innovative manufacturing services in line with the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
Located in Seksyen 15 Shah Alam, they span various aspects of service and innovation
in the additive manufacturing and educational fields, as well as improving people's and
the environment's well-being. As the millennium approaches, they are optimistic and
believe that their purpose is to serve and provide exceptional services to valuable
customers is achievable.
Every element of the industrial world is important to the organisation,
including training, research and development (R&D), manufacturing, and services. For
training, the company offers a Practical Training Centre where interns and newcomers
can learn about blow moulding, injection moulding, 3D filament extrusion, and 3D
printing. They also provide training in product manufacturing, design, and IP
protection.
They conducted raw material research earlier this year in order to produce PLA
filament for 3D printers. They were able to produce filaments and market them to
consumers by developing biodegradable plastics and green products. They also
produced 3D printed models utilising technologies such as Fused Deposition
Modelling, Stereolithography, and Selective Laser Sintering. They also use reverse
engineering technologies, which have greatly aided R&D fields and consumers in
obtaining the details and measurements of a product.

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 Figure 2.1.2 Gaia Space Logo

Aside from industrial production, the organisation has a brand name called
Gaia Space that offers the public services such as event space, makerspace, training
centre, and lab equipment in order to produce new outstanding people in machine
handling, generate ideas, and develop new skills and bonds.

2.2 Mission & Vision

The organization's mission is to "Realize a meaningful purpose in producing
safe-for-consumption products that also protect the best interests of people and the
planet". Their vision is “To be a purpose-driven leader in producing safe and value-
added products using a sustainable approach for mankind”.

2.3 Objectives
The following are the objectives of the organization:
i. Productivity improvements via optimization and automation.
ii. The development of new revenue models and innovative capabilities.
iii. Better working conditions and long-term profitability.
iv. Increased business continuity with increased maintenance and
monitoring capabilities.

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2.4 Organizational Structure

Figure 2.4 Organizational Chart

2.5 Corporate Structure

Figure 2.5.1 Gaia Plas Logo

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 Gaia Plas Berhad was founded in 2006 with a core plastic manufacturing focus
on jerrycan moulding design and contract manufacture. With over a decade of
expertise, they've incorporated sustainable goals into their business strategy and
expanded into plastic packaging solutions, trading, and e-commerce.
They are committed to implementing environmental, social, and governance
(ESG) standards in their operations in order to achieve inclusive, equitable, and
sustainable growth.
They are presently actively pursuing new advances in green technology, 3D
printing, biodegradable plastic, and other areas through their group's subsidiaries.
These are consistent with the group's aim to align with the Sustainable Development
Goals (SDGs) by 2030.

Figure 2.5.2 Palms Pier Logo

The main activities of the Palms Pier Sdn. Bhd. Group include the trade of
agricultural crops and fruits from Egypt, whether selling, purchasing, or manufacturing
suitable products for activities abroad, as well as the import and export of all local and
international crops and edible palm oil products, earning the company the trust of
customers and suppliers, as well as respect from its competitors in this field.

Figure 2.5.3 Gaia Greentech Logo

Gaia Greentech was founded in 2020 as part of a group of companies that value
the eco chain, a word that describes the use of technology and science to produce
environmentally friendly products. Their technological infrastructure is focused on
creating long-term improvements for the community and humanity.

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 CHAPTER THREE: INDUSTRIAL TRAINING OVERVIEW

3.1 Structural of Main Activity

As the organisation is prepared to provide professional specialist services in
industrial production and any other related operation, Gaia Pebbles Sdn. Bhd. has the
technology and expertise to accept any type of additive manufacturing production and
provide consistent quality execution, effective project management, quality control of
selected materials, and time management for prompt handovers. Gaia Pebbles Sdn.
Bhd. has an efficient structure of their main activities, which include additive
manufacturing, reverse engineering, Development & Manufacturing of 3D filament,
and event space, to assure success in their provided services.

3.1.1 Production
i. Additive Manufacturing – often known as 3D printing, is a
transformative approach to industrial production that allows for the
manufacture of lighter parts and stronger systems. They provide and utilize
many types of 3D printing machines, such as stereolithography (SLA) and
selective laser sintering (SLS), which offer greater features and quality
when compared to fused deposition modelling (FDM).
Fused deposition modelling (FDM), also known as fused filament
fabrication (FFF), is the most popular kind of 3D printing among
consumers, thanks to the proliferation of hobbyist 3D printers. FDM 3D
printers create parts by melting and extruding thermoplastic filament,
which is deposited layer by layer in the build area by a printer nozzle.
FDM works with a variety of thermoplastics, including ABS, PLA,
and their different mixes. The approach is well-suited for basic proof-of-
concept models, as well as quick and low-cost prototyping of simple parts,
such as machined parts. FDM pieces have visible layer lines and may have
errors around complicated features.
When compared to SLA or SLS, FDM has the lowest resolution
and precision and is not the greatest option for printing complicated
patterns or pieces with intricate features. Chemical and mechanical
polishing methods can produce higher-quality finishes. Industrial FDM 3D
printers use soluble supports to alleviate some of these challenges and

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provide a wider selection of technical thermoplastics, but they come at a
high cost.
Gaia Pebbles Sdn. Bhd. has three FDM machines, including the
Ultimaker S5, Creality Ender-3, and Creality CR6-SE.

Figure 3.1.1 Ultimaker S5 Figure 3.1.2 Creality Ender-3

Figure 3.1.3 Creality CR6-SE

Stereolithography, the world's first 3D printing technology, was

developed in the 1980s and is still one of the most popular among experts.
In a process known as photopolymerization, SLA resin 3D printers use a
laser to cure liquid resin into rigid plastic.
SLA products have the best resolution and precision, clearest
details, and smoothest surface finish of any plastic 3D printing technology,
but its main advantage is its versatility. Material manufacturers have
developed innovative SLA photopolymer resin formulations with optical,
mechanical, and thermal qualities that are comparable to standard,
engineering, and industrial thermoplastics. Sharp edges, a clean surface
finish, and few apparent layer lines characterise SLA products.

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 Moulds, patterns, and functional pieces require precise tolerances
and smooth surfaces. Therefore, SLA is an excellent choice for highly
detailed prototypes. SLA is widely used in a variety of industries,
including engineering and product design, as well as manufacturing,
dentistry, jewellery, model creation, and education.

Figure 3.1.4 Form 3L – SLA 3D Printer

Selective laser sintering is the most widely used additive

manufacturing method for industrial purposes, with engineers and
manufacturers across multiple industries relying on its ability to produce
strong, functioning parts.
A high-powered laser is used in SLS 3D printers to fuse small
particles of polymer powder. During printing, the unfused powder supports
the item and removes the need for dedicated support structures. As a result,
SLS is well suited for complex geometries such as internal features,
undercuts, thin walls, and negative features. SLS-printed products offer
outstanding mechanical properties, with strength comparable to injection-
moulded parts. The surface finish of SLS items is relatively rough,
although there are nearly no visible layer lines.
Nylon, a popular engineering thermoplastic with strong mechanical
qualities, is the most commonly used material for selective laser sintering.
Nylon is strong, lightweight, and flexible, as well as resistant to impact,
chemicals, heat, UV light, water, and dirt.
SLS is a popular choice among engineers for functional prototypes
and a cost-effective alternative to injection moulding for limited-run or
bridge manufacturing due to its low cost per part, high productivity, and
established materials.

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 Figure 3.1.5 Sintratec S2 – SLS 3D printer

ii. Reverse Engineering – often known as back engineering, is the method

of deconstructing software, equipment, architectural structures, and other
products in order to obtain design information from them. Reverse
engineering frequently entails deconstructing individual components of
larger products.
Some engineers now employ 3D scanning technologies to perform
these measurements. Engineers can use three-dimensional scanners to
obtain accurate readings of product specifications and have this
information automatically logged in their databases. Coordinate measuring
machines (CMM), industrial computed tomography (CT) scanners, laser
scanners, and structured light digitizers are examples of 3D scanning
technology.
After gathering and recording all relevant information, they can use
this data to generate computer-aided design (CAD) drawings for further
analysis and development. CAD drawings are computerised two-
dimensional and three-dimensional representations of products that can be
used to assess the design of the product. These digital models aid in the
discovery of design intent and the construction of a reverse-engineered
component.
Reverse engineering is maybe the most accurate method of
recreating designs for products that were out of production decades ago.
When the original designs have been lost or destroyed, reverse engineering
may be the only option to bring such things back to life.
As technology develops and advances, reverse engineering is
required to ensure the continuity of today's production systems. Without

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 reverse engineering, businesses would be compelled to replace entire
devices on a regular basis, incurring significant costs.

Figure 3.1.6 EinScan HX – Handheld 3D Scanner

iii. Development & Manufacturing of 3D Filament – Gaia Pebbles Sdn.

Bhd. also provides original equipment manufacturer (OEM) services for
3D filament production. They have also conducted research on creating
biodegradable plastics and green products in order to manufacture
filaments and sell them to consumers. Drying, heating, shaping, chilling,
spooling, and packaging are all part of the manufacturing process.

Figure 3.1.7 FLD-25 Filament Extruder Machine (FEM)

3.1.2 Event Space

Aside from production activities, the company also provides public event
space, which includes:
i. Public Lounge
ii. Showcase Area
iii. Brainstorming Room
iv. Training Hall
v. Maker Space

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 vi. Chill Out Area
vii. Meeting Room

3.2 Scope of Training

The Industrial Training programme exposes the student to the selected
organisation as well as new insights, opinions, and fresh ideas about the current
working world. Not to mention, it allows students to advance and comprehend the
practical components of their academic programme. The student was assigned to the
Operations Department at Gaia Pebbles Sdn. Bhd., where they gained knowledge and
expertise in scanning, designing, slicing, and printing 3D models, as well as making
quotations, purchase orders, and etc.
However, the student also received training from the Event Department, which
allowed the student to gain experience with actual event management and obtain
insight into how the project should be executed. The following is the scope of training
that the student has been exposed to, which is related to the company's structural main
activity within the Operation Department and Event Department:

3.2.1 Operation
i. Operate FDM, SLA and SLS machines.
ii. Run the FEM machine to produce filament.
iii. Post-process 3D printed models with an air brush.
iv. Use 3D Scanner for reverse engineering.

3.2.2 Maintenance
i. Monitor print quality during the printing process.
ii. Completed 3D machines maintenance.

3.2.3 Design & Plan

i. Design a product or model from clients in CAD software such
SolidWorks and Autodesk Fusion 360.
ii. 3D scanned files saved in EinScan and then be transferred to Geomagic
Essentials for model orientation adjustment.
iii. CAD files exported to slicing software such as Cura and PreForm for
model slicing and conversion 3D machines G-Code.

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3.2.4 Computational & Paperwork
i. Design event posters.
ii. Compile daily and weekly reports 3D production in Microsoft Excel and
PowerPoint.
iii. Prepare quotations, purchase orders, sales orders and paperwork.

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 CHAPTER FOUR: DETAILS OF INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

4.1 Industrial Environment

4.1.1 Adaptation and Adjustment to the Industry

Students take part in a 17-week industrial training programme with their
preferred organisation, which plays a significant role in preparing them for a
professional job by requiring the student's ability to blend in with all of the company's
employees. Because some of the duties assigned by the supervisor and executives
require the student to collaborate with other departments, communication with all
colleagues is essential for the student to gain new knowledge, improve abilities, and
gain confidence in completing tasks. As a result, the student must be able to interact
and connect with others in order to facilitate work completion, as all employees within
the organisation are peers and eager to assist and offer their knowledge and experience.
The student is expected to comprehend and follow all of the company's rules
and regulations. For example, the student is given an account in the Infotech
Application on their mobile phone, which allows them to record their attendance when
they enter and exit the building. Gaia Pebbles Sdn. Bhd. employees work from 9 a.m.
to 6 p.m., and as an intern in the company, the student is permitted to apply for or be
granted overtime (OT).

4.1.2 Practice of 5S in Workplace

Other than that, student must also follow and practice the 5S concept at work,
which must be done every 10 minutes before returning home. 5S is a Japanese method
of organizing workplaces that eliminates waste, improves flow, and reduces the
number of procedures whenever possible. It follows five principles: Sort (seiri), Set in
order (seiton), Shine (seiso), Standardize (seiketsu), and Sustain (shitsuke).

Figure 4.1 Concept of 5S

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 Sorting is the process of going through things and keeping only the things
necessary to fulfil tasks. This action entails examining all of the contents of a
workspace to determine which are required and which can be eliminated. Everything
that is not required to perform a job process should be removed from the workplace.
Set in Order is the process of ensuring that all items are organised and have a
designated location. Organize all objects left in the workplace in a logical manner so
that employees may fulfil their jobs more easily. This frequently entails placing things
in ergonomic areas where people will not have to bend or do additional actions to get
them.
Shine is the proactive process of keeping workplace areas clean and organised
in order to enable purpose-driven work. Cleaning and maintaining a properly arranged
workplace are required. It can include everyday activities like cleaning, dusting, and
so on, as well as doing maintenance on machinery, tools, and other equipment.
Standardisation is the process of Create a set of standards for both the
organisation and the procedures. In essence, here is where the first three S's take place
and create rules for how and when these tasks will be completed. These standards may
include schedules, charts, lists, etc.
Sustain is the process of maintaining discipline through sustaining new
practises and conducting audits. This implies that the previous four S's must be
maintained over time. This is accomplished by instilling self-discipline in employees
who will participate in 5S.

4.2 Industrial Experience

The amount of time and knowledge gained by working in a given industry or
economic sector is referred to as industrial experience. Working as an intern at Gaia
Pebbles Sdn. Bhd. from Week 1 to Week 17 under the supervision of Mr. Mohamad
Aqil Amizan and Mr. Muhammad Ammar, the student gains valuable practical
experience. The student was allocated to the operation department of Gaia Pebbles
Sdn. Bhd., where they will learn a lot about the 3D printing process.

4.2.1 Manage 3D Printing Machines

During the 17 weeks of industrial training, the students were exposed to various
types of 3D printing, such as FDM, SLA, and SLS. Mr. Ammar gave an explanation
of 3D printing and how to carry out the process from designing, slicing, and printing

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until the 3D printed model was completed. The students utilise several types of
software for the slicing process depending on the type of 3D print that needs to be
executed. For FDM, they utilise Cura software, which allows them to change many
print settings, such as nozzle and bed temperature, infill, supports, print speed,
retraction, and others. All of the settings are distinct for each material and its mix
variants, and different models may require different settings to achieve a higher
printing quality. Aside from the printing process, which takes time to complete, the
trial and error of the settings will add to the production time.

Figure 4.2.1 Cura Software Interface

For SLA, the student uses the PreForm software, where they still need to alter
some parameters, such as Cura, but to a lesser extent. The software that SLS uses is
the Sintratec Nesting Solution software. Following the completion of the slicing
process, the file will be translated to the machine's G-Code and sent through Wi-Fi or
manually via USB drive.

Figure 4.2.2 Preform Software Interface

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 Aside from the slicing software, the student can also change the parameters on
the machine. This is due to the fact that the printing had to be done in a controlled
environment that was neither too hot nor too cold, as the environment influences the
quality of the filaments and 3D printing models. As a result, the student can make
quick changes based on the requirements without having to change it in the slicing
software.
After the printing process is completed, the model will go through post-
processing, where the student will use sandpapers to smoothen the surface, particularly
for FDM and SLS models. The students will also colour the 3D printed model using
spray paint, air brush, or paint brush, as requested by the client.

Figure 4.2.3 Post-Processing

If there are any issues with the machines, the student must perform
maintenance on them. For example, FDM machines must adjust the bed level, clean
clogged nozzles, adjust the extruder, and many more. While the SLA and SLS
machines rarely had issues, maintenance was still required to prevent unintended
incidents during the printing process.

4.2.2 Design Models in CAD Software

The students were exposed to various types of models that were built using the
computer-aided design (CAD) software, Autodesk Fusion 360. Fusion 360 is the CAD
software used by the designers of Gaia Pebbles Sdn. Bhd. because it enhances
compatibility across software and applications that the user is currently using. The
software allows users to input mesh files, SVG files, and pictures, as well as export
the model to a shareable CAD file. Not to add that the software was picked as the

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company's chosen CAD software because of its quick properties' features, which could
make the process a lot faster, smoother, and more convenient.
The student was instructed to study and comprehend all of the commands and
functions, as well as the software's features. This objective was to ensure that the
student was familiar enough with the software's commands, functions, and properties
to make some alterations and changes to the model. It is critical for students to take
advantage of the opportunity to learn the fundamentals of CAD software because it is
widely used in the engineering and architectural industries, and thus the skills acquired
during the industrial training at Gaia Pebbles Sdn. Bhd. could help them to increase
their chances of getting hired in today's highly competitive employment market.
The student also took advantage of the opportunity to learn and create a variety of
3D design modelling of equipment parts, which assisted the student in putting their
knowledge of software fundamental tools and components into practise. However, the
student experienced multiple difficulties while performing the task, such as discovering
new functions and commands because the student had previously been exposed to CAD
software, such as SolidWorks from the university's course, and Fusion 360 had a much
more complicated function. However, the student can adapt by a mix of studying, practise,
and trial and error.

Figure 4.2.4 Autodesk Fusion 360 Interface

4.2.3 Reverse Engineering

The student was also introduced to reverse engineering, which involves
receiving a product or model from a client. The model will next be scanned with a 3D
scanner, where high quality scanned data will produce millions of measuring points.
The scan file will then be converted to CAD data for tooling, remodelling, simulation,
and data archiving by the student. Reverse engineering is the quickest and most precise

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way to digitally recreate components and tools, particularly those that have ceased
production. During industrial training, the student discovers that not all products or
parts can be scanned due to scanner limitations. Small, black, reflective products, for
example, will be difficult to scan.

Figure 4.2.5 Reverse Engineering

4.2.4 Manage and Assists in Events

Aside from production, the student is also involved in event management and
assistance. For example, on May 28, 2022, the Gaia Space Open Day event was
conducted here in Seksyen 15, Shah Alam, where the student looked over the booth
for reverse engineering and met a lot of people, including UiTM students and lecturers.
Besides from the Open Day event, the students participate in a variety of other
activities such as trainings, seminars, charities, meetings, competitions, and much
more. Currently, the student is planning an Esports event that will be open to the public
and supervised by the student and the team.

Figure 4.2.6 Gaia Space Open Day Event

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4.3 Industrial Project
During the 17 weeks of industrial training, the student conducted some research
on 3D printing in medicine, whether for educational purposes or for industrial
application, because 3D printing has shown immense potential for the future of
medicine in recent years, and its progress is unstoppable. 3D printing in medicine and
healthcare could revolutionise medication development and medical equipment
manufacturing. It could also provide new methods for practising medicine, optimise
supply chains, and provide more affordable and tailored medical services.
3D printing of medical equipment was especially important at the start of the
COVID-19 pandemic. Urgent 3D printing of personal protective equipment, in
particular, was practically saving healthcare personnel's lives. In reality, 3D printing
has become a critical technology, assisting hospitals and frontline workers.
Community-based makerspaces made freely accessible 3D designs available, assisting
in the speedy response to the pandemic.
Organ models can be printed using 3D printing in medicine. These could also
be useful for surgeons' patient education and preoperative planning. Recently,
scientists used MRI and ultrasound imaging, as well as 3D printing technologies, to
help doctors prepare for prenatal procedures. Using the 3D printed model, doctors may
more readily identify potential impediments and lower the risk of surgery on babies
with a congenital disability. The student had printed several medical products that
includes foot bones, prosthetic leg cover, internal organs and even teeth for dentistry.

Figure 4.3.1 Foot Bones Model

In the final week of the industrial training at Gaia Pebbles Sdn. Bhd., the student
and team were given the opportunity to participate in the Science, Technology,
Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) exhibition by College of Engineering UiTM Shah

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Alam at Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Rawang on July 5 and 6, under the supervision
of Mr. Ammar, who is an assigned leader for the mentioned project. The team went to the
exhibition to educate school students, teachers, and the general public about the
advantages of 3D printing and scanning in the manufacturing industry.

Figure 4.3.2 STEM Event

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 CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY

5.1 Conclusion
During the 17 weeks of industrial training at Gaia Pebbles Sdn. Bhd., the
students were given the opportunity to be allocated to various types of tasks, allowing
them to obtain new knowledge and explore additional experiences in the mechanical
engineering industry. Every challenge and training session was intended to help
students improve their knowledge and skills. Furthermore, the student was able to
establish connections between theoretical information gained from the university's
syllabus and the duties assigned. This would allow students to apply their studies and
gain a competitive advantage as they strive for success in their future employment.
Moreover, industrial training gave the student the opportunity to make important
professional relationships and network with employees from the organisation,
regardless of race or position, which would surely help the student in the future.
Throughout the training session, supervisors and experts provided advice and
criticism, which the students took seriously in order to develop themselves.

5.2 Recommendation
The Industrial Training programme has benefited students in a variety of ways,
including developing soft skills such as communication and problem-solving abilities,
as well as offering an opportunity for them to earn a competitive edge. However, there
is still a need for development in order to raise the standard of training for students.
As a recommendation to Gaia Pebbles Sdn. Bhd., the student would recommend the
company to provide more on-site exposure to the student because it would provide the
student with additional insights and understanding about how the project is being
carried out. Aside from that, the student would like to request that the company provide
an internship schedule that would explain and guide the student as they prepare to
confront the tasks and trainings that would be assigned to them.

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 REFERENCES

[1] J. H. Watson, “What is meant by Industrial Training? – NIMS Ready,” What

is meant by Industrial Training? – NIMS Ready, Sep. 04, 2018. [Online].
Available: http://nimsready.org/what-is-meant-by-industrial-training/.
[Accessed: Jul. 18, 2022]
[2] “3D Printing Technology Comparison: FDM vs. SLA vs. SLS,” Formlabs.
[Online]. Available: https://formlabs.com/asia/blog/fdm-vs-sla-vs-sls-how-to-
choose-the-right-3d-printing-technology/. [Accessed: Jul. 18, 2022]
[3] B. Hess, “What is Reverse Engineering? | Purpose, Process, & Examples,”
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engineering/#:~:text=Reverse%20engineering%2C%20sometimes%20called
%20back,individual%20components%20of%20larger%20products.
[Accessed: Jul. 18, 2022]
[4] “What is the 5s System? | Definitions, Core Concepts & Principles | Graphic
Products,” What is the 5s System? | Definitions, Core Concepts & Principles |
Graphic Products. [Online]. Available:
https://www.graphicproducts.com/articles/what-is-5s/. [Accessed: Jul. 18,
2022]
[5] “3D Printing in Medicine and Healthcare – The Ultimate List In 2021 - The
Medical Futurist,” The Medical Futurist, Jul. 13, 2021. [Online]. Available:
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[Accessed: Jul. 18, 2022]

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APPENDICES

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