Type of Epidermis

&
Thermoregulation
 Skin Structure
Skin is one of the largest
part of our body
Skin is made up of multiple
of layers of cells and
tissues, which are held to
underlying structures by
connective tissue
The skin is composed of 2
main layers
▪ Epidermis
▪ Dermis
A
Epidermis
Layers of Skin
Epidermis A
❖ Made Of Closely
Packed Epithelial Cells
❖ Composed Of
Keratinized, Stratified
Squamous Epithelium.
❖ Made Of Four Or Five
Layers Of Epithelial
Cells, Depending On
Its Location In The
Body.
A
Epidermis
Layers of Skin
Epidermis
A
❖It is Avascular.
❖Skin That Has
Four Layers Of
Cells Is
Referred To As
“Thin Skin
From deep to
superficial, the
following are the
layers
✔ Stratum Basale
✔ Stratum Spinosum,
✔ Stratum
Granulosum
 Deepest
Epidermal
Stratum
Layer
Basale
Cells Bond To The
Dermis Via
Finger-like
Projection
Intertwining Collagen
Fibers

Sin mar l Ce
Pri Basa
gle ily M lls
m

Lay ad
r a tu
S navum
t

er
i

Of
e rm
G

Ce
eO
lls
f
 All Of The
Keratinocytes
Goes Through
Stratum Me
(Re
rke
l ce
cep ll
Mitosis To Produce
New Cell BasaleOth
When new cells formed,
the old cells are pushed
tors
)
er c
superficially away ell t
fou ype
nd s
p e d
h a
a l -s l
oi d Cel

Me oduc
u b
C Stem

(Pr anin
lan es
Me
Pig

ocy
l
me

te
nt)
 • Spiny in appearance
• The desmosomes interlock with
each other and strengthen the bond
between the cells.
• Composed of eight to 10 layers of
keratinocytes
• Interspersed among the
keratinocytes of this layer is a type
of dendritic cell, Langerhans cell (
Function : Act as macrophage by
Stratum engulfing bacteria, foreign
particles, and damaged cells that
Spinosum occur in this layer.
 • The keratinocytes releases
water-repelling glycolipid that
helps prevent water loss from the
body, making the skin relatively
waterproof.
• As new keratinocytes are
produced,the keratinocytes of
the stratum spinosum are
pushed into the stratum
granulosum.
Stratum
Spinosum
•Grainy Appearance

STRATUM GRANULOSUM
• Three To Five Layers of cells
• become Flatter and Thickens
• Generate Large Amounts Of
The Keratin,
• Keratinocyte is abundant
which is the reason why it
has the Grainy Appearance.
•When Nuclei and Other
Organelles disintegrates,
• Translucent layer
• Mostly found on thick skin

STRATUM LUCIDUM
of the palms, soles, and
digits.
• Densely packed with eleidin,
a clear protein rich in lipids,
derived from keratohyalin,
which gives these cells their
transparent (i.e., lucid)
appearance and provides a
barrier to water.
• Layer exposed to the outside
environment.
• The increased keratinization
(cornification)
• 15 to 30 layers of cells.
• Act as a Protective Barrier
• Cells in this layer are shed
periodically
• The cells in this layer can still
be anchored to each other by
desmosomes which is why the
peeling that occurs with a
sunburn peels the damaged
epidermal layers in one sheet.
• Entire layer might be replaced in
4 weeks.
• The most superficial layer of
the epidermis and is the
 Thermo
Sympathetic Nervous

Regulation
System continuously
monitors body
temperature and initiates
motor responses
accordingly
 Thermo
Sympathetic Nervous

Regulation
System continuously
monitors body
temperature and initiates
motor responses
accordingly