Think Globally, Act Locally

SPM PHYSICS

SIR HAZEEQ

30-12-2022

67

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 Think Globally, Act Locally

Bisucceed Fail gagal

menghuraikan sifat
pembiasan cahaya
Isaac
Newton
zarah cahaya
refraction of light
describe the particle
nature of light

menunjukkan sifat gelombang

Thomas Young spektrum sinaran jasad hitam
cahaya
black body radiation spectrum
display wave nature of light

dwicelah, double slits

Jirimmatter
spektrum cahaya oleh atom
Atoms
JohnDalton Jisim light spectrum by atom
occupyspace
si ruang
Cahaya
light
spektrum cahaya oleh atom
JJ e
subparticle
Subzarah light spectrum by atom
Thompson
Jisimmass
space
si ruang occupy It

9p t

Ein
Max
and E hlf

Niels

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 Think Globally, Act Locally

Logan met

O black
not body
Blackbody beanjusthit
Et Biro

ii

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 Elektronagnet
At En Think Globally, Act Locally

Ed R M I N U X G
ft is R I

malaretakT
ultraun
is Cahaya getaran cas
elektrik
i a light vibration of
electrical charge
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get go t d frekvens J
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Gamma

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vibration A

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 Think Globally, Act Locally

diffract
1
TA
4
Tising
Imad

Yip

A Foton kantum tenaga

cahaya yg
both dipindahlan
Quantum transferrable
photon energy that is

w
packet

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 Pembelauan diffraction

gifts Think Globally, Act Locally

wavenaturet
Effi embiasan

Jisim
Ift L X momentum

Tenagakinetik

A he Inti
a t mtitran

x
Iiit

kinking

wt k
E ht
hf t Emv
Gelombang menunjukkan
sifat jasad

Wave showing particles

properties W minimiiiiiiy etition
toage on metalsurface
minimum
for toappearonmetalsurface
frequency electron

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 Think Globally, Act Locally
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Lev 3.2410 J
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 Think Globally, Act Locally

E nd E hf

Tena a minimum
Minimum energy

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 En Think Globally, Act Locally

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 Think Globally, Act Locally

Cahaya jirim 00
Keadaan apabila cahaya dan jirim menunjukkan sifat gelombang dan zarah.
Condition where lights and matter shows the property of waves and particles.

diffraction
it
K S Is
interference
wave interferen

n now At diffraction

resolution bilangan
cheapmort 94.4

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 Electrons exhibit particle properties like having rest mass of 9.11 × 10 kg.

7h
Elektron menunjukkan sifat-sifat zarah seperti mempunyai jisim rehat 9.11 × 10 kg.
• Electrons have kinetic energy when accelerated in electron gun.
Elektron mempunyai tenaga kinetik apabila dipecutkan oleh senapang elektron.
• Electrons show wave properties like interference pattern on the screen when electron beam is allowed to pass through double slits.
Elektron menunjukkan sifat gelombang seperti memaparkan corak interference pada skin apabila alur elektron dibiarkan melalui dwicelah.
• Electrons produce diffraction pattern when electron is allowed to pass through a thin sheet of graphite film and hit the fluorescent screen.
Elektron menghasilkan corak belauan apabila dibiarkan melalui kepingan nipis filem grafit dan menghentam skin fluoresen.

74 Characteristics/ Ciri-ciri Explanation / Penerangan

Method of production of Electric field is easier and at lower cost to produce compare to nuclear reactor.
illumination source is electric field. Medan elektrik lebih senang dan kos penghasilan lebih rendah berbanding dengan
Kaedah penghasilan sumber reaktor nuklear.
sinaran ialah medan elektrik.

Medium of propagation of
There is no resistance to the movement of particles in vacuum.
illuminating source is vacuum.
Tiada rintangan atau halangan terhadap pergerakan zarah dalam vakum.
Medium perambatan sumber
sinaran adalah vakum.

Bigger rest mass will have smaller de Broglie wavelength which will reduce
Rest mass of the
diffraction effect in microscope. As diffraction effect is reduced, higher
illuminating source should
resolution image can be produced.
be bigger.
Jisim rehat yang besar mempunyai panjang gelombang de Broglie yang kecil
Jisim rehat sumber sinaran
akan mengurangkan kesan belauan dalam mikroskop. Apabila kesan belauan
adalah besar.
dikurangkan, imej yang beresolusi tinggi akan dihasilkan.

According to de Broglie wavelength, as the speed increases, de

Speed of the illuminating source must be higher. Broglie wavelength decreases.
Laju sumber sinaran mestilah tinggi. Berdasarkan panjang gelombang de Broglie, apabila laju bertambah,
panjang gelombang de Broglie berkurang.

X E
A deBroglie bang deBroglie
wavelength

Panjang gelin

Kelajuan objectspeed
object
 Rakai a
Usn question's
sentences
at your answer

Method of production of illumination source is electric field.

Kaedah penghasilan sumber sinaran ialah medan elektrik.
Medium of propagation of illuminating source is vacuum.
Medium perambatan sumber sinaran adalah vakum.

Choice / Pilihan: Z
A ha Aw 6.63 10
7
Az ff.IOoxo
6.6410 1.5103
6.66 10 m 4.26 10 m

Although Z has rest mass smaller than W, its de Broglie wavelength is shorter which will
produce higher resolution image.
Walaupun Z mempunyai jisim rehat yang kecil daripad W, panjang gelombang de Broglie
adalah kecil membolehkan imej beresolusi tinggi dihasilkan.
 Think Globally, Act Locally

I
Imu
eV 2
ftp.mt
If 6.63 10
107
sixio 6.43
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4000

sitio 3.33 10 m

6.43 107Ms

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 Think Globally, Act Locally

XP
At

kesan fotoelektrik, photoelectric effect

panjang gelombang cahaya hijau lebih panjang berbanding cahaya biru

the wavelength of green light is longer than blue light

frekuensi gelombang cahaya hijau lebih rendah berbanding cahaya biru

the frequency of green light is lower than blue light

laju elektron dalam rajah 8.1 lebih perlahan berbanding dalam rajah 8.2
speed of electron in diagram 8.1 is slower than in diagram 8.2

semakin rendah frekuensi, semakin bertambah panjang gelombang.

Apabila frekuensi cahaya dikurangkan, kelakuan elektron yang dibebaskan daripada permukaan logam berkurang.
the lower the frequency, the longer is the wavelength. When the frequency of light is reduced, the speed of electrons being ejected from
the metal surface slows down

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 Think Globally, Act Locally

word E s release é metalsurface

W minimum
full Min E Eneeded team bindingforce
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penh tarikandays
ayat fo min f release
e
nextrest p g I w photoelectric effect

Ra nitta it is
item
eftiak
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etifeng.la
distractions

itemdikira

menunjulkan

N hasilpengiraan

I
J ditujukakekaonuntil
hasilkenKesarfotoelettrik
countingdisplay

MembekallanKuan

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d
The minimum energy required to release the electron from a particular metal surface is called work
o
function of the metal. This minimum amount of energy is needed to overcome the binding forces
which bind the electron within the metal. The minimum frequency of the light in order to release
electrons from the metal surface is known as threshold frequency. If frequency of light is exceeding
threshold frequency, energy of photons will exceed work function of the metal, hence photoelectric
effect will be observed.
Tenaga minimum yang diperlukan untuk membebaskan elektron daripada permukaan logam dikenali
sebagai fungsi kerja. Tenaga minimum ini diperlukan untuk mengatasi daya tarikan antara elektron
dan atom dalam logam. Frekuensi minimum bagi cahaya untuk membebaskan elektron daripada
permukaan logam dikenali sebagai frekuensi ambang.
Jika frekuensi cahaya melebihi frekuensi ambang, tenaga foton akan melebihi fungsi kerja bagi logam,
maka kesan fotoelektrik dapat diperhatikan.

Explanation / Penerangan
Characteristics/ Ciri-ciri

Other componetns need electric power supply to function.

J is power supply Komponen lain memerlukan bekalan kuasa elektrik untuk berfungsi.
J ialah bekalan kuasa

Infrared has less diffraction than radio wave. Frequency of infrared exceeds the
K is infrared transmitter K threshold frequency of metal in the infrared receiver.
ialah pemancar inframerah Inframerah kurang mengalami pembelauan berbanding gelombang radio. Frekuensi
inframerah melebihi frekuensi ambang logam di dalam penerima inframerah.

L is to direct the ray to the right Infrared is incident to M in order to produce photoelectric effect.
L menuju sinar ke arah kanan Inframerah ditujukan kepada M untuk menghasilkan kesan fotoelektrik.

M is Infrared receiver Work function of the metal in the receiver is low enough for the infrared
M ialah penerima inframerah photon to release electrons from the metal.
Fungsi kerja bagi logam dalam penerima cukup rendah bagi foton inframerah
membebaskan elektron daripada permukaan logam.

N is display screen Output of the processor will show the counting result on the screen.
N ialah skrin paparan Output daripada prosesor akan memaparkan hasil pengiraan di skrin.
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NOTES :

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