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1906-k; Mz;b> NrH. nghd;dk;gyk; mUzhryk; jiy Gjpa gfiyf;fofj;jpw;fhd ahg;ig gpupj;jhdpa gf
ikap cUthf;fg;gl;l ,yq;ifg; gfiyf;fof rq; iyf;fof khdpaf; FO kw;Wk; ,yq;ifg; gfiyf;
fk;> ,yq;ifap caHftp epWtdkhd ,yq;ifg; fof Mizf;FO vd;gtw;wpd; jiytuhf ,Ue;j NrH.
gfiyf;foff; fY+upia (Ceylon University Collage) NthlH Gf;fhdd; upnl (Sir Walter Buchannan Riddell)
epWTtjw;fhd Kjd;ik mbj;jskhf tpsq;fpaJ. 1921-k; cUthf;fpdhH. ,e;j murpayikg;G n`hq;nfhq; gf
iyf;fof ahg;ig Kd;khjpupahff; nfhz;L cUthf;
fg;gl;ljhfTk;> gpupl;ldp cs;s gpup];l kw;Wk; gH
kpq;fhk; gfiyf;fofq;fspd; epHthf khjpupia xj;j
jhfTk; $wg;gLfpwJ. 1930- murhq;f rigap kPz;
Lk; ,jw;fhd rl;l%yk; nfhz;Ltug;gl;lNghJk; mg;
NghJ ,uz;lhk; cyfg; NghH kw;Wk; kNyupah njhw;W
Nehah mjd; epiwNtw;wk; jhkjkhdJ. 1942-k;
Mz;L ,yq;ifapd; ahg;G tptfhuk;> ftp epiy vd;
gtw;iw rPH nra;tjw;fhf ,q;fpyhe;jpypUe;J ItH
n[d;dpq;f;]; mDg;gg;gl;lhH. gpd;dH mJ 1942-k; Mz;
bd; gfiyf;fof Miz ,y: 20 Mf murhq;f
rigah epiwNtw;wg;gl;lJ.
mUzhryk; kz;lgk; 1950> [ajpyf kz;lgk;> kh]; ,g;gfiyf;fofj;jpd; fl;llj;jpw;F gzk; toq;fpatH
kz;lgk;> N[k;]; gPup]; kz;lgk; kw;Wk; `plh xNg- fs; Gj;jfq;fis toq;fpatHfspd; gl;ba vd;gd
Nrfu 1952> rq;fkpj;jh kz;lgk; 1953 kw;Wk; ,uhkehjd; tw;iw Vg;u 20> 1954- ntspaplg;gl;l epidT E}yp
kz;lgk; 1954 [_d; khjk; jpwf;fg;gl;ld. NrH. ItH Yk;> 1992- ‘gfiyf;fof jpwg;G tpoh’Tf;fhf ntspap
n[dpq;]; mjd; Kj JizNte;juhf ,Ue;jhH. lg;gl;l E}ypYk; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,g;gfiyf;fo
fj;ij njhlq;f Kd;Ndhbahf ,Ue;jtHfs; cr;r ePjp
,e;j ,yq;ifg; gfiyf;fofk; 1942-1950 tiu kd;w ePjpgjp vk;.b. mf;gH> NrH. nghd;dk;gyk; mU
nfhOk;gp ,aq;fpaJ. 1950-> ,yq;if gfiyf;fo zhryk;> NrH. khHf]; ngHdhz;Nlh> NrH. gNuhd; [a
fkhdJ (University of Ceylon); gfiyf;fof fl;llq; jpyf;f> fyhepjp nuhgHl; khH];> NrH N[k;]; gPup];>
fs;> tpupTiu kz;lgq;fs;> E}yfk;> tpLjpfs;> clw;g NrH. nghd;dk;gyk; ,uhkehjd;> b.v];. Nrdehaf;f>
apw;rp $lq;fs;> tpisahl;L ikjhdq;fs; ,d;Dk; gpw b.MH. tp[atHjd MfpNahH gpujhdkhdtHfs;.
trjpfis epWtpa gpd;dH jhd; 1952- ,Ue;J Nguhj
idap mjpfhuG+Htkhf ,aq;fj; njhlq;fpaJ. ,tHfs; jq;fspd; jdpg;gl;l nrtj;ij ed;nfhilahf
mspj;jik> ,e;j gfiyf;fofj;ij ,d> kj> tFg;G
1952-k; Mz;L nfhOk;gp ,Ue;J Nguhjidf;F nfhz; Ngjkpd;wp xw;WikAld; cUthf;fpaikahdJ md;
Ltug;gl;l ,yq;ifg; gfiyf;fofk; 1952-k; Mz;L iwa ,d eypzf;fj;ijAk; gpujpgypf;fpwJ. mJtiu
xf;NuhgH 6-k; jpfjp cj;jpNahfG+Htkhf jpwf;fg;gltp gl;lg; gbg;Gf;fhf ntspehLfisNa ek;gpapUe;j fhyk;
Ue;j NghjpYk;> ,q;fpyhe;J murH Mwhk; N[hH[; fhy ,jd; %yk; KbTf;F te;jJ.
khdjh> 1954-k; Mz;L Vg;u khjk; 20-k; jpfjp
,uhzp vyprngj; kw;Wk; vbd;gHf; bA+f; MfpNahuh gj;kehghTk; tpypak; bf;gpAk;:
cj;jpNahfG+Htkhf jpwe;J itf;fg;gl;lJ. Nguhjidg; gfiyf;fofj;ij cUthf;Ftjw;fhf
gpupj;jhdpa Kbaplk; Nfhupf;if tpLj;jtHfsp nghd;
md;iwa jpdk; gfiyf;fofj;jpd; jpwg;G tpohtp dk;gyk; mUzhr;ryk;> nghd;dk;gyk; ,uhkehjd;>
Nguitap ciuahw;wpa vbd;gHf; bA+f;> ‘gfiyf;fo b.MH. tpN[tHjd> khHf]; ngHdhz;Nlh> N[k;];
fnkhd;iw njhlq;FtJ vspjhdJ my. mijj; gPup];> b.gp. [ajpyf;f Nghd;w mwpQHfs; Kf;fpakhd
njhlq;fptpl;lh mjid vg;NghJk; jpwe;J itj;jpUj; tHfs;.
j Ntz;Lk;. cjhuzj;jpw;F ,uz;lhtJ cyfg;
Nghupd; NghJ yz;ldp thd;topj; jhf;Fjfs;> Fz; ,e;j E}yfj;Jf;fhd Kj Muk;g E}fis toq;fp
Lfs; tPo;e;jhYk; filfs; jpwe;Nj itf;fg;gl;ld. atH NrH. nghd;. mUzhr;ryk;. NrH. nghd;. mUzhr;
mijg; NghyNt tof;fj;ijtpl jpwe;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk; ryk; 1924- kiwe;jhH. mtUf;F Kd;dNu 1921-k;
vd;whH. Mz;L mtuJ %j;j Gjtd; gj;kehgh ,q;fpyhe;jp
kiwe;jhH. gj;kehghtpd; E}yfj;jp Nrfupf;fg;gl;bUe;j
1972-k; Mz;L ,yf;fk; 1-k; ,yf;f gfiyf;fofr; rl; E}fspd; njhFg;Ng ,yq;ifg; gfiyf;fofj;Jf;
lj;jpd; gpd;dH ,yq;ifapYs;s midj;Jg; gfiyf; fhd Kj ed;nfhilahf toq;fg;gl;lJ.1 ed;nfhil
fofq;fSk; ,yq;ifg; gfiyf;fofk; vdg; ngauplg; ahf toq;fg;gl;l nkhj;j Gj;jfq;fspd; vz;zpf;if
gl;L mjd; gpufhuk; ,yq;ifg; gfiyf;fofkhdJ 1421. ,e;j E}yfk; ,yq;ifapd; kpfr; rpwe;j E}yfkhf
Nguhjid tshfkhfg; Ngzg;gl;lJ. 1978-k; Mz;L 16-k; gpw;fhyj;jp miktjw;F mbj;jskhfTk; ,e;j
,yf;f gfiyf;fofr; rl;lj;jpd;gb> ,yq;ifap mg; mjpH\;lfukhd ed;nfhil E}fs; mike;jd. gj;keh
NghJ ,Ue;j gfiyf;fofq;fs; kPz;Lk; jdpg; ngaH ghtpd; Encyclopedia Britannica E}fsp ,Ue;J Kjyh
fisf; nfhz;l gfiyf;fofq;fshf epWtg;gl;ld. tJ gjpT nra;ag;gl;l E}yhf Vg;u 8> 1921 Njjpapl;L
jha; tPL • nrg;nuk;gH September 2023 - 65 -
gjpT nra;ag;gl;bUf;fpwJ. rpW E}yhf mNj Mz;L ntspahfpapUf;fpwJ.3 mJ
Jz;Lg; gpuRukhfTk; mf;fhyj;jp ntspaplg;gl;bUf;fp
me;j vz; xd;wpypUe;J Mapuj;J ehD}w;wp ,Ugj; wJ vd;gij gj;kehghtpd; fl;Liuap ,Ue;J mwpe;
njhd;W tiuap ‘gj;kehgh’ njhFg;G vd;fpw gjptpd; Jnfhs;s KbfpwJ. gj;kehgh ,f;fl;Liuia tpypak;
fPo; ,it ,d;Wk; fhzf;fpilf;fpd;wd. ,d;W vl;L yl; bf;gp kiwe;j mNj 1904-k; Mz;L xU Jz;Lg;gpuRu
rj;Jf;Fk; Nkw;gl;l E}fisf; nfhz;L mJ ,aq;fp khf ntspapl;bUf;fpwhH.4 bf;gpapd; gupe;Jiuap
tUfpwJ. nfhOk;gp jkpoH gpujpepjpj;Jtj;ij typAWj;JfpwhH.
INuhg;gpaH> gwq;fpaH> jkpoH> rpq;fstH> K];ypk;fs;/
gj;kehghTf;Fg; gpd;dH ,yq;ifapd; Kf;fpa murpa kNy r%fj;jpdH MfpNahUf;fhf Ie;J gpujpepjpfis
jiytHfs;> GyikahsHfs;$l jkJ ,Wjpf; fhyj;jp murhq;f rigf;F gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;fp
whH mtH.,jw;F ehw;gJ Mz;LfSf;Fg; gpd;dH 1919-y;
,yq;if Njrpa fhq;fpu]; (Ceylon National Congress)
mikf;fg;gl;l Ntis NrH. nghd;. mUzhr;ryk; ,Nj
(jkpoH gpujpepjpj;Jt) Nfhupf;ifia Kd;itj;J cld;
ghL nra;J nfhz;lJk;. gpd;dH mtH Vkhw;wg;gl;lJk;>
,yq;if Njrpafhq;fpurpypUe;J mtH ntspNawpaJk;
tuyhW vd;gij mwptPHfs;. bf;gp ,e;jf; Nfhupf;ifia
1877-NyNa itj;Jtpl;lhH vd;gijAk; 1908-NyNa gj;k-
ehgh mjid Mjupj;J gzpahw;wpapUf;fpwhH vd;gij
Ak; RUf;fkhf ,q;Nf gjpT nra;a Ntz;bapUf;fpwJ.
mUzhr;ryk; gj;kehghtpd; ,wg;G Mz;il mwpa Jujp\;ltrkhf gj;kehghtpd; murpa ghj;jpuk; vd;d?
Kbfpw NghJk; mtupd; gpwg;ghz;il mwpa Kba Nkyjpfkhd mtupd; murpa gq;F vd;gtw;iw mwpe;
tpiy. Fwpg;ghf ,wf;Fk; NghJ mtupd; taJ vd;d Jnfhs;s ,ayhk NghapUf;fpwJ.
vd;gij mwpa Kbatpiy. ,q;fpyhe;jp mtH ftp
fw;Wf;nfhz;bUe;j khztH vd;fpw gpk;gj;ijj; jhd; Nfl; KjypahH FkhuRthkpapd; FLk;gj;ijr; NrHe;j
rpy gjpTfs; je;jd. Mdh mtH mt;tsT rpwpat ItH murhq;f rigap mq;fk; tfpj;jhHfs;. mtupd;
uhf ,Ue;jpUf;f KbahJ vd;fpw tpguq;fis mtuh kUkfd; vjpHkd;drpq;f KjypahH> kfd; NrH. FkhuR-
vOjg;gl;l kpfTk; Mokhd mwpf;iffs;> E}fs; thkp> Ngud;fs; nghd;. ,uhkehjd;> nghd; FkhuRthkp>
ntspr;rk; fhl;Lfpd;wd. ,f;fl;Liuf;fhf Njbf;nfhz;b nghd;. mUzhr;ryk; MfpNahiuf; Fwpg;gplyhk;. ,tH
Ue;jNghJ xU Kf;fpa Mtzk; fpilj;jJ. fs; topap gj;kehghTk; r%f> murpa <LghL
nfhz;ltuhf MfpapUf;fpwhH vd;W czuyhk;.
1908-k; Mz;L ntspahd Ceylon National Review rQ;rp
ifap> (no.6) mtH murhq;f rigapd; rPHjpUj;jk;’ FkhuRthkp guk;giuap Kw;Nghf;fhd tuyhw;Wg; ghj;
(Reform of the Ceylon legislative council) vd;fpw xU tpup jpuj;ij Mw;wpatuhf fUjg;gLgtH NrH. nghd;. mU
thd fl;Liuia vOjpapUf;fpwhH. tpypak; bf;gp 1877-k; zhr;ryk;. mtH kPJ rhjpa> tHf;f> ,dj;Jt rhHG Fw;
Mz;L ,yq;iff;fhd murpa rPHjpUj;jk; vt;thW wr;rhl;Lfis itf;f Kbtjpiy.
mika Ntz;Lk; vd;gJ Fwpj;J vOjpa fl;LiuiaAk;
(An Oriental Colony Ripe for Self-Government) mf; fl;Liu mtUf;F vl;L gps;isfs;. %d;W kfd;fSk;> Ie;J
gw;wpa tpupthd mwpKfj;ijAk; gj;kehgh nra;jpUf;fp kfs;fSk;. ,tHfsp %j;jtH jhd; gj;kehgh. mU
whH. Mdh tpypak; bf;gp (William Digby) 1904-k; zhr;ryk; kiwtjw;F Kd;dNu jdJ ,sk; tajp
Mz;L kiwe;Jtpl;lhH.2 ,q;fpyhe;jp kuzkhdhH gj;kehgh.