,yq;ifap
tp[a tpN[tHjd jdf;
gfiyf;fof cUthf;fj;jpd; gpd;dzp:
,yq;ifap gfiyf;fofk; mikg;gJ Fwpj;J 1884-k;
Mz;lstp murpayikg;Gr; rigap Ngrg;gl;l NghJk;
20-k; E}w;whz;bd; Muk;gk; tiu me;j ciuahl
mLj;j fl;lj;Jf;F efutpiy vd;gJ cz;ik.
1906-k; Mz;b> NrH. nghd;dk;gyk; mUzhryk; jiy
ikap cUthf;fg;gl;l ,yq;ifg; gfiyf;fof rq;
fk;> ,yq;ifap caHftp epWtdkhd ,yq;ifg;
gfiyf;foff; fY+upia (Ceylon University Collage)
epWTtjw;fhd Kjd;ik mbj;jskhf tpsq;fpaJ. 1921-k;
nfhyp[; `T]; / College House
Mz;L [dtup 1-k; jpfjp nfhOk;G jH];ld; tPjpap
cs;s (,d;iwa FkhuJq;f Kdpjhr khtj;ijap)
‘nu[pdh tst;t’ vdg;gLk; fl;llj;jp ,e;jf; fY+up
Muk;gpf;fg;gl;lJ. ,J gpd;dH nfhyp[; `T]; (College
House) vdg; ngauplg;gl;lJ. ,e;j nfhyp[; `T];
yz;ld; gfiyf;fofj;jpd; caHftpf;fhd mq;fPfh
uk; ngw;w epWtdkhf ,Ue;jJ. NkYk; yz;ld; gf
iyf;fofj;jpd; ntspg;Gw fiy> rl;lk; kw;Wk; mwptp
a gl;lg; gbg;Gfisg; gbf;Fk; tha;g;G khztHf
Sf;F tha;j;jJ. ,e;j ftp epWtdj;jpd; Kj Kj
tH lhf;lH uhgHl; khH]; (Professor Robert Mars) MthH.
NrH. nghd;. ,uhkehjd;> NrH. nghd;. mUzhr;ryk;>
NrH. N[hd; nfhj;jyhty> b.MH. tpN[tHjd> b.v];.
Nrdehaf;f Nghd;NwhH nghUs; uPjpapYk; ghupa xj;J
- 64 -
iog;ig toq;fpdhHfs;. b.MH.
Fr; nrhe;jkhd xU tPl;bw;F rq;fthrk; vdg; ngaupl;L
mjid ,q;F ftp fw;Fk; JwtpfSf;F mHg;gzpj;jhH.
1938-> NrH. ItH n[d;dpq;]; mjd; mjpguhdhH. epH
thfj;jp mjpgUf;F cjTtjw;nfd nfhyp[; fTd;rp
vd;w xU rig mikf;fg;gl;lJ.
Gjpa gfiyf;fofj;jpw;fhd ahg;ig gpupj;jhdpa gf
iyf;fof khdpaf; FO kw;Wk; ,yq;ifg; gfiyf;
fof Mizf;FO vd;gtw;wpd; jiytuhf ,Ue;j NrH.
NthlH Gf;fhdd; upnl (Sir Walter Buchannan Riddell)
cUthf;fpdhH. ,e;j murpayikg;G n`hq;nfhq; gf
iyf;fof ahg;ig Kd;khjpupahff; nfhz;L cUthf;
fg;gl;ljhfTk;> gpupl;ldp cs;s gpup];l kw;Wk; gH
kpq;fhk; gfiyf;fofq;fspd; epHthf khjpupia xj;j
jhfTk; $wg;gLfpwJ. 1930- murhq;f rigap kPz;
Lk; ,jw;fhd rl;l%yk; nfhz;Ltug;gl;lNghJk; mg;
NghJ ,uz;lhk; cyfg; NghH kw;Wk; kNyupah njhw;W
Nehah mjd; epiwNtw;wk; jhkjkhdJ. 1942-k;
Mz;L ,yq;ifapd; ahg;G tptfhuk;> ftp epiy vd;
gtw;iw rPH nra;tjw;fhf ,q;fpyhe;jpypUe;J ItH
n[d;dpq;f;]; mDg;gg;gl;lhH. gpd;dH mJ 1942-k; Mz;
bd; gfiyf;fof Miz ,y: 20 Mf murhq;f
rigah epiwNtw;wg;gl;lJ.
,yq;ifg; gfiyf;fofk; fl;Ltjw;fhd Vw;ghLfs;
nra;ag;gl;ld. xU gfiyf;fofk; mikg;gjw;fhd
,lj;ijf; fz;lwpe;J mijj; njhlq;f 1928- khepy
fTd;rpyh xU FO (gfiyf;fof jsf;FO) epakpf;
fg;gl;lJ. epWtg;gLk; gfiyf;fofk; RahjPdk;
nfhz;ljhfTk; FbapUg;G trjpfisAk; nfhz;L
,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;Wk; murhq;f rig Vw;Wf;nfhz;
lJ. ,e;jg; gfiyf;fofj;ij nfhOk;gp epWTtjh
myJ nfhOk;gpw;F ntspap mikg;gjh vd;w tpth
jk; Muk;gkhfpa NghjpYk; ,Wjpap mg;gfiyf;fo
fj;ij nfhOk;Gf;F ntspap XH ,lj;jp epWTtJ
vdj; jPHkhdpf;fg;gl;lJ. mjd;gb fz;bap ‘Nguhjid’
kw;Wk; ‘mUg;gs’ Mfpa ,uz;L ,lq;fSk; Kd;nkhop
ag;gl;L ,Wjpap Nguhjidap mikg;gJ vd;fpw
KbT vl;lg;gl;lJ.
lhf;lH. Mz;l;up]; ne kw;Wk; lhf;lH. b.rp. Ngh g
fiyf;fofj;jpw;F Nguhjidap fhzp RtPfupg;Gf;fhd
jha; tPL • nrg;nuk;gH September 2023
Ntiyj; jpl;lj;ij jahupj;J rkHg;gpj;jhH. Muk;gj;jp
700 Vf;fH ifafg;gLj;jg;gl;L gpd;dH 1700 Vf;fH epyg;
gug;G vd tp];jupf;fg;gl;L gpd;dH 2400 Vf;fuhf mJ
mjpfupf;fg;gl;lJ.
xU ngUk; Njapiyj; Njhl;lk; gfiyf;fofkhf
khwpf;nfhz;bUe;jJ. Mdh cupa Neuj;jp mJ
Kbf;f Kbahk Nghdikf;F ,U Kf;fpa fhuzq;fs;
mike;jd. KjyhtJ mg;gFjp ngU nts;sj;jp %o;
fpaJ. ,uz;lhtJ fhuzk; ,uz;lhk; cyfg; NghH
ele;J nfhz;bUe;jJ.
1942 [_iy 1-k; jpfjp ,yq;if kUj;Jtf; fY+upAk;
rpNyhd; AdptHrpl;b fY+up (University College) Mfp
ait ,izf;fg;gl;L rpNyhd; gfiyf;fofk; cU
thf;fg;gl;lJ.
mUzhryk; kz;lgk; 1950> [ajpyf kz;lgk;> kh];
kz;lgk;> N[k;]; gPup]; kz;lgk; kw;Wk; `plh xNg-
Nrfu 1952> rq;fkpj;jh kz;lgk; 1953 kw;Wk; ,uhkehjd;
kz;lgk; 1954 [_d; khjk; jpwf;fg;gl;ld. NrH. ItH
n[dpq;]; mjd; Kj JizNte;juhf ,Ue;jhH.
,e;j ,yq;ifg; gfiyf;fofk; 1942-1950 tiu
nfhOk;gp ,aq;fpaJ. 1950-> ,yq;if gfiyf;fo
fkhdJ (University of Ceylon); gfiyf;fof fl;llq;
fs;> tpupTiu kz;lgq;fs;> E}yfk;> tpLjpfs;> clw;g
apw;rp $lq;fs;> tpisahl;L ikjhdq;fs; ,d;Dk; gpw
trjpfis epWtpa gpd;dH jhd; 1952- ,Ue;J Nguhj
idap mjpfhuG+Htkhf ,aq;fj; njhlq;fpaJ.
1952-k; Mz;L nfhOk;gp ,Ue;J Nguhjidf;F nfhz;
Ltug;gl;l ,yq;ifg; gfiyf;fofk; 1952-k; Mz;L
xf;NuhgH 6-k; jpfjp cj;jpNahfG+Htkhf jpwf;fg;gltp
Ue;j NghjpYk;> ,q;fpyhe;J murH Mwhk; N[hH[; fhy
khdjh> 1954-k; Mz;L Vg;u khjk; 20-k; jpfjp
,uhzp vyprngj; kw;Wk; vbd;gHf; bA+f; MfpNahuh
cj;jpNahfG+Htkhf jpwe;J itf;fg;gl;lJ.
md;iwa jpdk; gfiyf;fofj;jpd; jpwg;G tpohtp
Nguitap ciuahw;wpa vbd;gHf; bA+f;> ‘gfiyf;fo
fnkhd;iw njhlq;FtJ vspjhdJ my. mijj;
njhlq;fptpl;lh mjid vg;NghJk; jpwe;J itj;jpUj;
j Ntz;Lk;. cjhuzj;jpw;F ,uz;lhtJ cyfg;
Nghupd; NghJ yz;ldp thd;topj; jhf;Fjfs;> Fz;
Lfs; tPo;e;jhYk; filfs; jpwe;Nj itf;fg;gl;ld.
mijg; NghyNt tof;fj;ijtpl jpwe;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;
vd;whH.
1972-k; Mz;L ,yf;fk; 1-k; ,yf;f gfiyf;fofr; rl;
lj;jpd; gpd;dH ,yq;ifapYs;s midj;Jg; gfiyf;
fofq;fSk; ,yq;ifg; gfiyf;fofk; vdg; ngauplg;
gl;L mjd; gpufhuk; ,yq;ifg; gfiyf;fofkhdJ
Nguhjid tshfkhfg; Ngzg;gl;lJ. 1978-k; Mz;L 16-k;
,yf;f gfiyf;fofr; rl;lj;jpd;gb> ,yq;ifap mg;
NghJ ,Ue;j gfiyf;fofq;fs; kPz;Lk; jdpg; ngaH
fisf; nfhz;l gfiyf;fofq;fshf epWtg;gl;ld.
jha; tPL • nrg;nuk;gH September 2023
mjd;gb 1979-k; Mz;L Kj Nguhjidg; gfiyf;f
ofk; vdg; ngauplg;gl;L jw;NghJ tiu mg;ngaNu
ePbf;fg;gl;L tUfpwJ.
n 1942-1952 - University of Ceylon
n 1952-1972 - University of Ceylon, Peradeniya.
n 1972-1978 - Peradeniya Campus, University of Sri Lanka
n 1978... - University of Peradeniya
Nguhjid gfiyf;fof fl;llq;fs;> tpupTiu muq;F
fs;> jq;Fk; tpLjpfs;> tFg;giwfs;> E}yfq;fs;> Njhl;
lq;fs;> ePH> Fsq;fs;> Vupfs; Nghd;wtw;wpd; xl;Lnkhj;j
tbtikg;igg; gw;wp gfiyf;fofj;jpd; KjyhtJ
Nte;juhd fyhepjp ItH n[d;dpq;]; $Wk; NghJ ‘cy
fp ve;jg; gfiyf;fofj;jpYk; ,g;gb xU mikg;
igf; nfhz;ljhf ,iy’ (No University in the world
have a such a setting) vd;W Fwpg;gpl;lhH.
,g;gfiyf;fofj;jpd; fl;llj;jpw;F gzk; toq;fpatH
fs; Gj;jfq;fis toq;fpatHfspd; gl;ba vd;gd
tw;iw Vg;u 20> 1954- ntspaplg;gl;l epidT E}yp
Yk;> 1992- ‘gfiyf;fof jpwg;G tpoh’Tf;fhf ntspap
lg;gl;l E}ypYk; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,g;gfiyf;fo
fj;ij njhlq;f Kd;Ndhbahf ,Ue;jtHfs; cr;r ePjp
kd;w ePjpgjp vk;.b. mf;gH> NrH. nghd;dk;gyk; mU
zhryk;> NrH. khHf]; ngHdhz;Nlh> NrH. gNuhd; [a
jpyf;f> fyhepjp nuhgHl; khH];> NrH N[k;]; gPup];>
NrH. nghd;dk;gyk; ,uhkehjd;> b.v];. Nrdehaf;f>
b.MH. tp[atHjd MfpNahH gpujhdkhdtHfs;.
,tHfs; jq;fspd; jdpg;gl;l nrtj;ij ed;nfhilahf
mspj;jik> ,e;j gfiyf;fofj;ij ,d> kj> tFg;G
Ngjkpd;wp xw;WikAld; cUthf;fpaikahdJ md;
iwa ,d eypzf;fj;ijAk; gpujpgypf;fpwJ. mJtiu
gl;lg; gbg;Gf;fhf ntspehLfisNa ek;gpapUe;j fhyk;
,jd; %yk; KbTf;F te;jJ.
gj;kehghTk; tpypak; bf;gpAk;:
Nguhjidg; gfiyf;fofj;ij cUthf;Ftjw;fhf
gpupj;jhdpa Kbaplk; Nfhupf;if tpLj;jtHfsp nghd;
dk;gyk; mUzhr;ryk;> nghd;dk;gyk; ,uhkehjd;>
b.MH. tpN[tHjd> khHf]; ngHdhz;Nlh> N[k;];
gPup];> b.gp. [ajpyf;f Nghd;w mwpQHfs; Kf;fpakhd
tHfs;.
,e;j E}yfj;Jf;fhd Kj Muk;g E}fis toq;fp
atH NrH. nghd;. mUzhr;ryk;. NrH. nghd;. mUzhr;
ryk; 1924- kiwe;jhH. mtUf;F Kd;dNu 1921-k;
Mz;L mtuJ %j;j Gjtd; gj;kehgh ,q;fpyhe;jp
kiwe;jhH. gj;kehghtpd; E}yfj;jp Nrfupf;fg;gl;bUe;j
E}fspd; njhFg;Ng ,yq;ifg; gfiyf;fofj;Jf;
fhd Kj ed;nfhilahf toq;fg;gl;lJ.1 ed;nfhil
ahf toq;fg;gl;l nkhj;j Gj;jfq;fspd; vz;zpf;if
1421. ,e;j E}yfk; ,yq;ifapd; kpfr; rpwe;j E}yfkhf
gpw;fhyj;jp miktjw;F mbj;jskhfTk; ,e;j
mjpH\;lfukhd ed;nfhil E}fs; mike;jd. gj;keh
ghtpd; Encyclopedia Britannica E}fsp ,Ue;J Kjyh
tJ gjpT nra;ag;gl;l E}yhf Vg;u 8> 1921 Njjpapl;L
- 65 -
gjpT nra;ag;gl;bUf;fpwJ.
me;j vz; xd;wpypUe;J Mapuj;J ehD}w;wp ,Ugj;
njhd;W tiuap ‘gj;kehgh’ njhFg;G vd;fpw gjptpd;
fPo; ,it ,d;Wk; fhzf;fpilf;fpd;wd. ,d;W vl;L yl;
rj;Jf;Fk; Nkw;gl;l E}fisf; nfhz;L mJ ,aq;fp
tUfpwJ.
gj;kehghTf;Fg; gpd;dH ,yq;ifapd; Kf;fpa murpa
jiytHfs;> GyikahsHfs;$l jkJ ,Wjpf; fhyj;jp
jkJ Nrfupg;ig ,e;j E}yfj;Jf;F toq;fp te;jpUf;fp
whHfs;. mtHfspd; ngaupNyNa me;j njhFg;Gfs;
ghJfhf;fg;gl;L tUfpd;wd.
mUzhr;ryk; gj;kehghtpd; ,wg;G Mz;il mwpa
Kbfpw NghJk; mtupd; gpwg;ghz;il mwpa Kba
tpiy. Fwpg;ghf ,wf;Fk; NghJ mtupd; taJ vd;d
vd;gij mwpa Kbatpiy. ,q;fpyhe;jp mtH ftp
fw;Wf;nfhz;bUe;j khztH vd;fpw gpk;gj;ijj; jhd;
rpy gjpTfs; je;jd. Mdh mtH mt;tsT rpwpat
uhf ,Ue;jpUf;f KbahJ vd;fpw tpguq;fis mtuh
vOjg;gl;l kpfTk; Mokhd mwpf;iffs;> E}fs;
ntspr;rk; fhl;Lfpd;wd. ,f;fl;Liuf;fhf Njbf;nfhz;b
Ue;jNghJ xU Kf;fpa Mtzk; fpilj;jJ.
1908-k; Mz;L ntspahd Ceylon National Review rQ;rp
ifap> (no.6) mtH murhq;f rigapd; rPHjpUj;jk;’
(Reform of the Ceylon legislative council) vd;fpw xU tpup
thd fl;Liuia vOjpapUf;fpwhH. tpypak; bf;gp 1877-k;
Mz;L ,yq;iff;fhd murpa rPHjpUj;jk; vt;thW
mika Ntz;Lk; vd;gJ Fwpj;J vOjpa fl;LiuiaAk;
(An Oriental Colony Ripe for Self-Government) mf; fl;Liu
gw;wpa tpupthd mwpKfj;ijAk; gj;kehgh nra;jpUf;fp
whH. Mdh tpypak; bf;gp (William Digby) 1904-k;
Mz;L kiwe;Jtpl;lhH.2
mf;fl;LiuahdJ 31 gf;fq;fSf;F ePs;fpwJ. mJ xU
- 66 -
rpW E}yhf mNj Mz;L ntspahfpapUf;fpwJ.3 mJ
Jz;Lg; gpuRukhfTk; mf;fhyj;jp ntspaplg;gl;bUf;fp
wJ vd;gij gj;kehghtpd; fl;Liuap ,Ue;J mwpe;
Jnfhs;s KbfpwJ. gj;kehgh ,f;fl;Liuia tpypak;
bf;gp kiwe;j mNj 1904-k; Mz;L xU Jz;Lg;gpuRu
khf ntspapl;bUf;fpwhH.4 bf;gpapd; gupe;Jiuap
nfhOk;gp jkpoH gpujpepjpj;Jtj;ij typAWj;JfpwhH.
INuhg;gpaH> gwq;fpaH> jkpoH> rpq;fstH> K];ypk;fs;/
kNy r%fj;jpdH MfpNahUf;fhf Ie;J gpujpepjpfis
murhq;f rigf;F gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;fp
whH mtH.,jw;F ehw;gJ Mz;LfSf;Fg; gpd;dH 1919-y;
,yq;if Njrpa fhq;fpu]; (Ceylon National Congress)
mikf;fg;gl;l Ntis NrH. nghd;. mUzhr;ryk; ,Nj
(jkpoH gpujpepjpj;Jt) Nfhupf;ifia Kd;itj;J cld;
ghL nra;J nfhz;lJk;. gpd;dH mtH Vkhw;wg;gl;lJk;>
,yq;if Njrpafhq;fpurpypUe;J mtH ntspNawpaJk;
tuyhW vd;gij mwptPHfs;. bf;gp ,e;jf; Nfhupf;ifia
1877-NyNa itj;Jtpl;lhH vd;gijAk; 1908-NyNa gj;k-
ehgh mjid Mjupj;J gzpahw;wpapUf;fpwhH vd;gij
Ak; RUf;fkhf ,q;Nf gjpT nra;a Ntz;bapUf;fpwJ.
mJkl;Lkd;wp ,q;fpyhe;jp gj;kehgh trpj;jpUe;j
fhyj;jp mq;Nf mur nrayhsuhf ,Ue;j kpdH gpu-
Git (Lord Milner) re;jpj;J ,yq;ifapd; murpa
rPHjpUj;j epiy Fwpj;J ciuahLk;gb ,yq;ifap
,Ue;J je;ij mUzhr;ryj;jh typAWj;jg;gl;bUf;fp
whH.5&6
,f;fl;Liuap cs;s tpupthd tpguq;fisf; nfhz;l
murpa rPHjpUj;j gupe;Jiufisg; ghHf;Fk; NghJ gj;-
kehgh ,yq;if murpayp jPtpu <LghLk;> Mokhd
murpa rpe;jidiaAk; nfhz;l xUtH vd;gij
cWjp nra;Jnfhs;s KbfpwJ.
Jujp\;ltrkhf gj;kehghtpd; murpa ghj;jpuk; vd;d?
Nkyjpfkhd mtupd; murpa gq;F vd;gtw;iw mwpe;
Jnfhs;s ,ayhk NghapUf;fpwJ.
Nfl; KjypahH FkhuRthkpapd; FLk;gj;ijr; NrHe;j
ItH murhq;f rigap mq;fk; tfpj;jhHfs;. mtupd;
kUkfd; vjpHkd;drpq;f KjypahH> kfd; NrH. FkhuR-
thkp> Ngud;fs; nghd;. ,uhkehjd;> nghd; FkhuRthkp>
nghd;. mUzhr;ryk; MfpNahiuf; Fwpg;gplyhk;. ,tH
fs; topap gj;kehghTk; r%f> murpa <LghL
nfhz;ltuhf MfpapUf;fpwhH vd;W czuyhk;.
FkhuRthkp guk;giuap Kw;Nghf;fhd tuyhw;Wg; ghj;
jpuj;ij Mw;wpatuhf fUjg;gLgtH NrH. nghd;. mU
zhr;ryk;. mtH kPJ rhjpa> tHf;f> ,dj;Jt rhHG Fw;
wr;rhl;Lfis itf;f Kbtjpiy.
mtUf;F vl;L gps;isfs;. %d;W kfd;fSk;> Ie;J
kfs;fSk;. ,tHfsp %j;jtH jhd; gj;kehgh. mU
zhr;ryk; kiwtjw;F Kd;dNu jdJ ,sk; tajp
,q;fpyhe;jp kuzkhdhH gj;kehgh.
gj;kehghtpd; ,wg;G ,d;W tiu kHkkhfNt ,Uf;fp
jha; tPL • nrg;nuk;gH September 2023
wJ. mJ kl;Lky gj;kehgh gw;wpa tpguq;fSk; kpff;
FiwthfNt cs;sd. mtiug; gw;wpj; NjLtjp gy
Uk; fisj;Jtpl;lhHfs; vd;gij mwpa KbfpwJ. mtH
gw;wpAk; mtUf;F vd;d NeHe;jJ vd;gJ gw;wpAk; jpl;
lkpl;Lj; jhd; jftfs; kiwf;fg;gl;L tUfpd;wdth
vd;fpw re;NjfKk;$l vOfpwJ.
xU rpq;fs GyikahsH vd;NdhL mtiug; gw;wpa tpg
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tpguq;fis gjpT nra;a Ntz;Lk; vd;W Njhd;wpw;W.
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E}yfH MthH. me;j E}yfj;jp kpf mupjhd> Ntnwq;
Fk; ,yhj ,yq;ifapd; Kf;fpa gz;ila Xiyr;
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fpd;wd. fle;j A+d; khjk; cyf kuGupikahf mq;F
,Uf;Fk; kfhtk;rg; gpujpfs; mwptpf;fg;gl;l gpd;dH
me;j kfhtk;r Xiyr; Rtbfs; ,Uk;Gg; ngl;bfSf;
Fs; itf;fg;gl;L mjw;nfd;W xU jdp miwap ghJ
fhg;G gilapd; ge;Njhg];Jld; Ngzg;gl;L tUtij
mq;F nrd;wpUe;j NghJ mwpe;J nfhs;s Kbe;jJ.
jha; tPL • nrg;nuk;gH September 2023
Jujp\;ltrkhf ,e;j E}yfj;jp RkhH %d;W tPjk; $l
jkpo; E}fs;> Mtzq;fs; ,Uf;f tha;g;G ,iy vd;
gij mq;Nf nrd;W ghHj;jNghJ czu Kbe;jJ. ,e;j
epiyik mq;F kl;Lky ,yq;ifapd; Njrpa Mtz
epWtdq;fshf fUjg;gLfpw gpujhd epWtdq;fshd
Njrpa Rtbf;$lk;> nfhOk;G E}jdrhiy E}yfk;>
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Fwpg;gplyhk;.
1
V.Muttu Cumaraswamy, Founders of Modern Ceylon (Sri
Lanka), Eminent Tamils. Uma Siva Pathipakam, Jaffna, 1973
2
tpypak; bf;gp xU gpugy gj;jpupifahsH vd;gJ kl;
Lky mtH xU jPtpu r%f rPHjpUj;jthjp. mtH ,e;
jpahtpYk; ,yq;ifapYk; fhydpj;Jt mZFKiwia
fLikahf tpkHrpj;J ,aq;fpatH. ,e;jpaj; njhopyh
sHfSf;fhf mg;NghNj mjpfk; Fu nfhLj;jtH.
,yq;ifap Ceylon Observer gj;jpupifap ,iz Mrp
upauhf ,aq;fpa mtH md;iwa nkl;uh]pd; ‘The Mad-
ras Times’ gj;jpupifapd; gpujk MrpupauhfTk; ,aq;fpa
tH. NrH. nghd;. mUzhr;ryk; mtupd; neUq;fpa ez;
gH. ,e;j el;Ng mUzhr;ryj;jpd; GjtH gj;kdhghTl
dhd neUf;fj;ijAk; Vw;gLj;jpapUe;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
kJnthopg;G ,af;fj;jp mtH gzpahw;wpa fhyj;jp
,uhkehjd;> mUzhr;ryk; MfpNahUld; ,ize;J
ne tupf;F vjpuhf ,af;fj;ij jPtpukhf Kd;ndLj;j
tH tpypak; bf;gp.
3
A. Padmanabha, Reform of the Ceylon Legislative Council’,
in Ceylon National Review Vol: 11, No. 6 1908
4
James T.Rutnam, Sir Ponnambalam Arunachalam, 1853 -
1924, (2nd Edition) Colombo, 1988.
5
M.Vythilingam, Ramanathan of Ceylon, The Life of Sir Pon-
nanbalam Ramanathan, Vol II, 1977.
6
H.A.J.Hulugale, The life and Times of D.R.Wijewardene,
Lake House, Colombo, 1960
sarawanan.n@thaiveedu.com
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