age ado

Date /20
alula3
Cu-13 KINETtc THEORY

Boy e s a
The valumesf aixed roas ofgas isinverse
pcapac.ional n s a prtaSe ata aapcovideda
dtmprasure af daa op is kopt codautie

PV= coMstaa

Charles Lau
Accoring do dais auo ae vslume at a qiven mas
e gas is diectu pcapar inwal do _dho denmp.raure
gas provideddhe pOMuve diuo aas
remaiS ConLcant
No T
V= COustaut

Tdeal Caa bquation

PV= RT
oroML mola a
PV=_ uRT
hn Mnlo hore R is dasuaiversal aos
cansdadt

work dons m CompOMiang tha qa

LOhan a Qa is Slle io a culindar is coompreked
L3ack is n e dano da gakTE Pisstts pcexure
aad dy is das clauoe in ume
don eo dag0 du= e Pdy

CASE 1 f tho lume dh aais chaMged

omV V at costant denmpcature
 Polv

e have Py-uRT
pP=RRT

= uRT

uRToaV
RT LlogdhleaV
uRT (oa Va
V

CASE2Tf d valume c Hs gas is daange ram

vh v at coiustant preAure dao dha Laerk_da
HAs is given au

Posdulades ofkinkic Theory

A aak cansisk t ven lage
U Aumbec omalecules
Thobe omalaculos are idcndicalpeclecHu elasdic and hard
spkares dhay are small hat dhe uedune H
ronlecule s nagligiola as compared do valume_daa

Th malaculesdo uot have auuprekeredirechian o

modion but daoir moion is Compla lelu Candom
aTse moliculos beaua in shraight Liuns and are
bre madion tnsE dRnaethu time_inkeval
collisiao behaeno dhe huoo maleculoA is vey sma
The collision behaean Hao_0eloulas and salls sf dau
cantaisr is pecketu elaic G.e kiaaic Pascau90d
J
momedum isConsecyes)
 Defe

sapada cauelle bu-o mbld.tla athatinbas

ACLOSiveCallisioo[.is Cole ree paHas aod a
cmeancisdandiCoalle. mcan.br.ccpaln.
Tha modicot daamcleculas6quEcmL a-ntukans
LaLsS ct modioO
hcttctdt af g.caviduCnaemo.ion caa
maleculis.RgLigilale
Pcesure an Tdea Cnak
Le u suppose a qak 1s
enelosed in oCulaical box
et side Ltlauce loe n
idenhco 00&ul eacla hauiaa
mak om Sint da malaculas
av dSame an per-ecku
elokcic So dai mukuo
Collisions reault in inerehauae s elocii.es calu
The cellision LoidoHA Dal HAs ceOdsisk
Candaloukes do das pexure a dus qak malaulea

Consido. a mmlacelo at ma m mouiwa Laido o

velociy V.a Va, Vu and Vz bea compauaAt or
lo crhes aloua n anz drection lun
V V+Vz
momen dum st_da malatuler aloua D Qxis
MV
Lanon das malaule shrikas the Loall eCHE it
o oounds Loida tas ame daLcarek tdao oal ADGE
1he momenum at e Callisiom-mVo
Aaco are clacAge i momenum = MV-Emv
2mva
ime akan laehaeandha SuCCes iveLallisians
=Disdance 9
Veloci
 Page do.
Dote /20

m (v+Vt-N)
3V
Muthpluiaq and dividiuG daeRHS
Pe Oxm(vVV V
3V n

Na Oxn tHAs dodtal ma a

M dlao goA
VtVt V Vo Vems

LlkareVns VV-tVn

slaica is duo oot mean sauaYe VLoiu

TAareore P= MVe

The aveyroge DreMue pec uuAit vslumeis giRO

P= Mvm
3
(V=1)
Pm
V

PaLpVrm Vm = 3P

Le laavepresure exerked per wait aume

Pa MUas
3

mulhipluiuaQ on dividng La2

M
2

P E
3

Lsece Ea LHVEs k e Luait uauno ot dtao ga

2

innie n e pretahion a Temprachure

rom kiuic dAeory d
execded o 0b Eg0 1S qive0a
 P: LL M V
3 V
PV=L MVL
3

attordida o gas au PV RT
2 3RT
L Mvcmt RI ( V

LslasceHis dae maloulay eiouk

We haue MamNA Laere Na is Hhs avogadro

LmNa V RT
3

naudhpluia beta sidos la h

mNa mNA Vse RT3

LmV 3 RT
2 N
R KaGalle 2sdtoanns cousdhant
Na
Ka 38 x 1 0-2-3 Tn k

LmVimi 3 KaTL

ie daL dmproa kre s a gai dietu prapardional

do dhaGveragekiucic enarqu das malacuude a
TE Teo Hun

i.e a absolue 2eo mprature Ha mnlo.cules

9a comeA a res

Deareesshetdom
Th dotaldumloe at indapendent004 in daich
h pathcles d a sus m Can cguuire AL ac
 Rage ulo.

calle deqreus freLcdooo af das Sys em

LOR
The dotal numbaer atiadependent quoniia or
Coardinades dlaich 0must lae Kua.Duon do complaitla

speci h dtupos.idiooat con Gqucaitoaf os

SusRm
degrdogres d treeelom fe 3N-k
Lolkcce N is dtlu Aumber dpardiclod a
SuuLama0d k is das numlae.c a
CoocdiAades at daa parika at dilas suhkm

Monoaomic Gas Moleules-TE is made up s asinqla

atom
N-1 k=o
f3x1-O = 3

Diaomic Gal Nolouulos

N=2 k-1
fe 2x2- - 1 -5

arianmic aa Mnlaales
Linoar driakamic mnloule
N=3_k=2
=3x3-2 =-2 =7

Non Laar ria omic malocul

N=3 k:2
=3x3-3 -9-3=6

LQ 6 bauipardtion Earqu
usHtmi0 daormal aLALLoridmda
ocal
h c aMu
dAs Suskm is quuallulisheibuke amoug
cqu
i vacious s e a . c e . o d d r a d o m a o d da ueeu
Mociaded Loidh Rac ace dompe
 malule LKa T

Cansidee a susdeo haviaq N_nblaulandfbe d.

dres bcesdom d each malLcule

ehe das docal eMarqu dar suskm
the Aumber a dare d fusamx 2 KeT
NE h kaT_
Nka TE

=1fRT LohareR:NKe

Specitic Met Capaci gales

Moncacomi Ga
LE cOwists sta Singl aom a Aa Ar ek
A_monDn komic has 3 dlegree s etelom.
uarau aMDciadtduoita_2aca olegres rf reLdom
oT

KeT

sho enQeu QAsociaded

SNa IsT
NA Ka =R
U=3RT O LNa Avogaro No.
2

Erom LaLo af Thermodunamics

dodU +Pdv Here alume is Conhtant dvaol
GydTe d
Cve dU
dT
 Page Ao.

Cy d 38
dT
LOe aave Cp-CxR
Cp Cy+R
3 RAR SR

Y-Cp SR/
C

Qiadomic Gaa
cawsisds st hoo odoma e9- HaNa.O aA 5
deares tresdom
baem Aacia aidh_a maacuulo
5xakaT=5 kT

NaST

U S RT

CyE du =SR
dT

Cp=Cy+ RR

Tciadamic aas
T cousis 3 ohmsEg 0,H,D.CO,
a MRa iadomic
has degea reodom
FE

00
 Page Alo
Date 20

e haesn baoSucceive colLisiankis knoon Q

hee palla 1ka Qvecage listanto booueled y
aa cmnlec.ulo is kauan O coeantre pata
Mean 6rea Paa,
N2TTnd
Lalkare0is dlan umlecaf msleeudes peruni
alume anddis dlaediamedec af dlas caalacslJe
Le have

J27 d
Pve RT
PV= Na kaT
Na
KgT

S2maP
i.e i s dieceiu pca pariona _a alaSelule
lemp.ature ar dA_qak
is inverselu acprbana dopreure one
A invecselpcap iona o d

Brouniaa Mo-Hon
fandloo Zio-7oq matioo small
par ilos upended in a uid is
12(oLonian Moboo.

Ea orsAecdiag Boanion Maian-

EcoOnian MoioAinceake oidh increaMe in
dtmpraure
Bcoonan Hohondecreake) cim increasei i
 uiscocidy ct medium.
aBroanianHotiso incceakes idh dcreasein
deasib mediuum.
Bmusaian Hodion is leu f r par ticlas daish are
tgacrn Si2