Version 7.2.

17

PVsyst - Simulation report

Grid-Connected System

Project: Orange Solarization Romania

Variant: V1
Unlimited sheds
System power: 21.60 kWp
Cluj-Napoca - Romania

Author
CG TELCO SRL (Romania)
 Project: Orange Solarization Romania
Variant: V1

PVsyst V7.2.17 CG TELCO SRL (Romania)

VC0, Simulation date:
21/03/23 12:57
with v7.2.17

Project summary
Geographical Site Situation Project settings
Cluj-Napoca Latitude 46.77 °N Albedo 0.20
Romania Longitude 23.60 °E
Altitude 362 m
Time zone UTC+2

Meteo data
Cluj-Napoca
PVGIS api TMY

System summary
Grid-Connected System Unlimited sheds
Simulation for year no 1

PV Field Orientation Near Shadings User's needs

Sheds Mutual shadings of sheds Daily profile
tilt 10 ° Constant over the year
azimuth -90 ° Average 480 kWh/Day

System information
PV Array Inverters
Nb. of modules 40 units Nb. of units 1 unit
Pnom total 21.60 kWp Pnom total 20.00 kWac
Pnom ratio 1.080

Results summary
Produced Energy 23.51 MWh/year Specific production 1088 kWh/kWp/year Perf. Ratio PR 86.90 %
Used Energy 175.20 MWh/year Solar Fraction SF 13.42 %

Table of contents
Project and results summary 2
General parameters, PV Array Characteristics, System losses 3
Detailed User's needs 5
Main results 6
Loss diagram 7
Special graphs 8
Aging Tool 9

21/03/23 PVsyst Licensed to CG TELCO SRL (Romania) Page 2/10

 Project: Orange Solarization Romania
Variant: V1

PVsyst V7.2.17 CG TELCO SRL (Romania)

VC0, Simulation date:
21/03/23 12:57
with v7.2.17

General parameters
Grid-Connected System Unlimited sheds

PV Field Orientation
Orientation Sheds configuration Models used
Sheds Nb. of sheds 5 units Transposition Perez
tilt 10 ° Unlimited sheds Diffuse Imported
azimuth -90 ° Sizes Circumsolar separate
Sheds spacing 6.60 m
Collector width 3.00 m
Ground Cov. Ratio (GCR) 45.5 %
Top inactive band 0.02 m
Bottom inactive band 0.02 m
Shading limit angle
Limit profile angle 8.2 °

Horizon Near Shadings User's needs

Free Horizon Mutual shadings of sheds Daily profile
Constant over the year
Average 480 kWh/Day

Bifacial system
Model 2D Calculation
unlimited sheds
Bifacial model geometry Bifacial model definitions
Sheds spacing 6.60 m Ground albedo 0.10
Sheds width 3.04 m Bifaciality factor 80 %
Limit profile angle 8.3 ° Rear shading factor 5.0 %
GCR 46.1 % Rear mismatch loss 10.0 %
Height above ground 1.50 m Shed transparent fraction 0.0 %

Hourly load 0h 1h 2h 3h 4h 5h 6h 7h 8h 9h 10 h 11 h
20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 kW
12 h 13 h 14 h 15 h 16 h 17 h 18 h 19 h 20 h 21 h 22 h 23 h
20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 kW

PV Array Characteristics
PV module Inverter
Manufacturer SUNERGY HONGKONG WORKS LIMITED Manufacturer Fronius International
Model SUN 72MD-H8S - Bifacial Model Symo 20.0-3-M
(Custom parameters definition) (Custom parameters definition)
Unit Nom. Power 540 Wp Unit Nom. Power 20.0 kWac
Number of PV modules 40 units Number of inverters 1 unit
Nominal (STC) 21.60 kWp Total power 20.0 kWac

Array #1 - PV Array 1
Number of PV modules 20 units Number of inverters 1 * MPPT 50% 0.5 unit
Nominal (STC) 10.80 kWp Total power 10.0 kWac
Modules 2 Strings x 10 In series
At operating cond. (50°C) Operating voltage 200-800 V
Pmpp 9.95 kWp Pnom ratio (DC:AC) 1.08
U mpp 380 V
I mpp 26 A

21/03/23 PVsyst Licensed to CG TELCO SRL (Romania) Page 3/10

 Project: Orange Solarization Romania
Variant: V1

PVsyst V7.2.17 CG TELCO SRL (Romania)

VC0, Simulation date:
21/03/23 12:57
with v7.2.17

PV Array Characteristics
Array #2 - PV Array 2
Number of PV modules 20 units Number of inverters 1 * MPPT 50% 0.5 unit
Nominal (STC) 10.80 kWp Total power 10.0 kWac
Modules 2 Strings x 10 In series
At operating cond. (50°C) Operating voltage 200-800 V
Pmpp 9.95 kWp Pnom ratio (DC:AC) 1.08
U mpp 380 V
I mpp 26 A

Total PV power Total inverter power

Nominal (STC) 22 kWp Total power 20 kWac
Total 40 modules Number of inverters 1 unit
Module area 103 m² Pnom ratio 1.08
Cell area 95.4 m²

Array losses
Array Soiling Losses Thermal Loss factor DC wiring losses
Loss Fraction 3.0 % Module temperature according to irradiance Global array res. 239 mΩ
Uc (const) 29.0 W/m²K Global wiring resistance 119 mΩ
Uv (wind) 0.0 W/m²K/m/s Loss Fraction 1.5 % at STC

Serie Diode Loss LID - Light Induced Degradation Module Quality Loss
Voltage drop 0.7 V Loss Fraction 2.0 % Loss Fraction -0.2 %
Loss Fraction 0.2 % at STC

Module mismatch losses Strings Mismatch loss Module average degradation

Loss Fraction 2.0 % at MPP Loss Fraction 0.1 % Year no 1
Loss factor 0.45 %/year
Mismatch due to degradation
Imp RMS dispersion 0.4 %/year
Vmp RMS dispersion 0.4 %/year

IAM loss factor

Incidence effect (IAM): Fresnel, AR coating, n(glass)=1.526, n(AR)=1.290

0° 30° 50° 60° 70° 75° 80° 85° 90°

1.000 0.999 0.987 0.962 0.892 0.816 0.681 0.440 0.000

Spectral correction
FirstSolar model
Precipitable water estimated from relative humidity

Coefficient Set C0 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
Monocrystalline Si 0.85914 -0.02088 -0.0058853 0.12029 0.026814 -0.001781

21/03/23 PVsyst Licensed to CG TELCO SRL (Romania) Page 4/10

 Project: Orange Solarization Romania
Variant: V1

PVsyst V7.2.17 CG TELCO SRL (Romania)

VC0, Simulation date:
21/03/23 12:57
with v7.2.17

Detailed User's needs

Daily profile, Constant over the year, average = 480 kWh/day

Hourly load 0h 1h 2h 3h 4h 5h 6h 7h 8h 9h 10 h 11 h
20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 kW
12 h 13 h 14 h 15 h 16 h 17 h 18 h 19 h 20 h 21 h 22 h 23 h
20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 kW

Daily profile

21/03/23 PVsyst Licensed to CG TELCO SRL (Romania) Page 5/10

 Project: Orange Solarization Romania
Variant: V1

PVsyst V7.2.17 CG TELCO SRL (Romania)

VC0, Simulation date:
21/03/23 12:57
with v7.2.17

Main results
System Production
Produced Energy 23.51 MWh/year Specific production 1088 kWh/kWp/year
Used Energy 175.20 MWh/year Performance Ratio PR 86.90 %
Solar Fraction SF 13.42 %

Normalized productions (per installed kWp) Performance Ratio PR

Balances and main results

GlobHor DiffHor T_Amb GlobInc GlobEff EArray E_User E_Solar E_Grid EFrGrid
kWh/m² kWh/m² °C kWh/m² kWh/m² MWh MWh MWh MWh MWh
January 31.2 20.41 -1.98 31.1 27.7 0.616 14.88 0.588 0.000 14.29
February 42.8 31.39 -1.38 42.8 39.1 0.866 13.44 0.831 0.000 12.61
March 76.1 49.33 1.89 76.6 71.1 1.541 14.88 1.485 0.000 13.39
April 124.1 71.47 10.05 124.6 116.8 2.446 14.40 2.365 0.000 12.04
May 161.8 72.36 13.57 163.0 153.9 3.168 14.88 3.065 0.000 11.82
June 188.1 75.88 17.56 189.1 179.0 3.615 14.40 3.498 0.000 10.90
July 187.5 85.67 18.89 190.1 179.7 3.631 14.88 3.514 0.000 11.37
August 137.8 69.51 17.91 136.7 128.7 2.633 14.88 2.545 0.000 12.34
September 131.9 52.75 15.31 134.9 126.0 2.613 14.40 2.528 0.000 11.87
October 93.0 35.06 8.74 90.7 83.0 1.785 14.88 1.724 0.000 13.16
November 46.9 24.92 2.18 47.4 41.8 0.926 14.40 0.890 0.000 13.51
December 25.5 17.87 -0.81 25.4 22.4 0.499 14.88 0.473 0.000 14.41
Year 1246.7 606.61 8.54 1252.3 1169.1 24.340 175.20 23.506 0.000 151.69

Legends
GlobHor Global horizontal irradiation EArray Effective energy at the output of the array
DiffHor Horizontal diffuse irradiation E_User Energy supplied to the user
T_Amb Ambient Temperature E_Solar Energy from the sun
GlobInc Global incident in coll. plane E_Grid Energy injected into grid
GlobEff Effective Global, corr. for IAM and shadings EFrGrid Energy from the grid

21/03/23 PVsyst Licensed to CG TELCO SRL (Romania) Page 6/10

 Project: Orange Solarization Romania
Variant: V1

PVsyst V7.2.17 CG TELCO SRL (Romania)

VC0, Simulation date:
21/03/23 12:57
with v7.2.17

Loss diagram
1247 kWh/m² Global horizontal irradiation
+0.4% Global incident in coll. plane

-0.34% Near Shadings: irradiance loss

-3.44% IAM factor on global

-3.00% Soiling loss factor

+0.01% Ground reflection on front side

Bifacial

Global incident on ground

673 kWh/m² on 224 m²

-90.00% (0.10 Gnd. albedo)

Ground reflection loss

-61.05% View Factor for rear side

+1.42% Sky diffuse on the rear side

+0.53% Beam effective on the rear side
-5.00% Shadings loss on rear side
4.71% Global Irradiance on rear side (55 kWh/m²)
1169 kWh/m² * 103 m² coll. Effective irradiation on collectors

efficiency at STC = 20.93% PV conversion, Bifaciality factor = 0.80

26.24 MWh Array nominal energy (at STC effic.)

-0.22% Module Degradation Loss ( for year #1)
-1.24% PV loss due to irradiance level
-0.89% PV loss due to temperature
+0.16% Spectral correction

+0.23% Module quality loss

-2.00% LID - Light induced degradation

-2.08% Mismatch loss, modules and strings
-0.45% Mismatch for back irradiance
-0.96% Ohmic wiring loss
24.34 MWh Array virtual energy at MPP
-3.42% Inverter Loss during operation (efficiency)
0.00% Inverter Loss over nominal inv. power
0.00% Inverter Loss due to max. input current
0.00% Inverter Loss over nominal inv. voltage
0.00% Inverter Loss due to power threshold
grid
consumption 0.00% Inverter Loss due to voltage threshold
23.51 MWh Available Energy at Inverter Output

151.69 23.51 0.00

MWh Dispatch: user and grid reinjection

to user to user to grid

from grid from solar

21/03/23 PVsyst Licensed to CG TELCO SRL (Romania) Page 7/10

 Project: Orange Solarization Romania
Variant: V1

PVsyst V7.2.17 CG TELCO SRL (Romania)

VC0, Simulation date:
21/03/23 12:57
with v7.2.17

Special graphs
Daily Input/Output diagram

System Output Power Distribution

21/03/23 PVsyst Licensed to CG TELCO SRL (Romania) Page 8/10

 Project: Orange Solarization Romania
Variant: V1

PVsyst V7.2.17 CG TELCO SRL (Romania)

VC0, Simulation date:
21/03/23 12:57
with v7.2.17

Aging Tool
Aging Parameters
Time span of simulation 30 years
Module average degradation Mismatch due to degradation
Loss factor 0.45 %/year Imp RMS dispersion 0.4 %/year
Vmp RMS dispersion 0.4 %/year
Meteo used in the simulation
#1 Cluj-Napoca PVGIS API TMY
Years 1990 (reference year)
Years simulated 1-30

Available Solar Energy

Performance Ratio

21/03/23 PVsyst Licensed to CG TELCO SRL (Romania) Page 9/10

 Project: Orange Solarization Romania
Variant: V1

PVsyst V7.2.17 CG TELCO SRL (Romania)

VC0, Simulation date:
21/03/23 12:57
with v7.2.17

Aging Tool
Aging Parameters
Time span of simulation 30 years
Module average degradation Mismatch due to degradation
Loss factor 0.45 %/year Imp RMS dispersion 0.4 %/year
Vmp RMS dispersion 0.4 %/year
Meteo used in the simulation
#1 Cluj-Napoca PVGIS API TMY
Years 1990 (reference year)
Years simulated 1-30

Cluj-Napoca PVGIS API TMY

Year E Avail PR PR loss

MWh %
1 23.51 1 0%
2 23.40 1 0%
3 23.29 1 0%
4 23.17 1 0%
5 23.05 1 0%
6 22.92 1 0%
7 22.77 1 0%
8 22.63 1 0%
9 22.48 1 0%
10 22.34 1 0%
11 22.20 1 0%
12 22.08 1 0%
13 21.96 1 0%
14 21.84 1 0%
15 21.72 1 0%
16 21.60 1 0%
17 21.48 1 0%
18 21.37 1 0%
19 21.24 1 0%
20 21.11 1 0%
21 20.97 1 0%
22 20.82 1 0%
23 20.66 1 0%
24 20.49 1 0%
25 20.32 1 0%
26 20.13 1 0%
27 19.96 1 0%
28 19.78 1 0%
29 19.60 1 0%
30 19.41 1 0%

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