Version 7.4.

PVsyst - Simulation report

Standalone system

Project: kutum
Variant: New simulation variant
Standalone system with batteries
System power: 915 Wp
Kutum - Sudan

Author
 Project: kutum
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.4.0
VC0, Simulation date:
09/01/23 21:19
with v7.4.0

Project summary
Geographical Site Situation Project settings
Kutum Latitude 14.21 °N Albedo 0.20
Sudan Longitude 24.67 °E
Altitude 1111 m
Time zone UTC+2

Meteo data
Kutum
Meteonorm 8.1 (2010-2021), Sat=100% - Synthetic

System summary
Standalone system Standalone system with batteries

PV Field Orientation User's needs

Fixed plane Daily household consumers
Tilt/Azimuth 20 / 0 ° Constant over the year
Average 3.8 kWh/Day

System information
PV Array Battery pack
Nb. of modules 3 units Technology Lead-acid, sealed, Gel
Pnom total 915 Wp Nb. of units 4 units
Voltage 24 V
Capacity 200 Ah

Results summary
Useful energy from solar 1372.03 kWh/year Specific production 1499 kWh/kWp/year Perf. Ratio PR 60.15 %
Missing Energy 31.03 kWh/year Available solar energy 1901.21 kWh/year Solar Fraction SF 97.79 %
Excess (unused) 462.79 kWh/year

Table of contents
Project and results summary 2
General parameters, PV Array Characteristics, System losses 3
Detailed User's needs 4
Main results 5
Loss diagram 6
Predef. graphs 7

09/01/23 PVsyst Licensed to Page 2/7

 Project: kutum
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.4.0
VC0, Simulation date:
09/01/23 21:19
with v7.4.0

General parameters
Standalone system Standalone system with batteries

PV Field Orientation
Orientation Sheds configuration Models used
Fixed plane No 3D scene defined Transposition Perez
Tilt/Azimuth 20 / 0 ° Diffuse Perez, Meteonorm
Circumsolar separate

User's needs
Daily household consumers
Constant over the year
Average 3.8 kWh/Day

PV Array Characteristics
PV module Battery
Manufacturer Trina Solar Manufacturer Narada
Model TSM-305 P14A Model MPG 12V 100 F
(Original PVsyst database) Technology Lead-acid, sealed, Gel
Unit Nom. Power 305 Wp Nb. of units 2 in parallel x 2 in series
Number of PV modules 3 units Discharging min. SOC 20.0 %
Nominal (STC) 915 Wp Stored energy 4.0 kWh
Modules 3 Strings x 1 In series Battery Pack Characteristics
At operating cond. (50°C) Voltage 24 V
Pmpp 820 Wp Nominal Capacity 200 Ah (C10)
U mpp 33 V Temperature Fixed 20 °C
I mpp 25 A

Controller Battery Management control

Manufacturer Victron Threshold commands as Battery voltage
Model SmartSolar MPPT 100/30 24V Charging 27.4 / 25.6 V
Technology MPPT converter Corresp. SOC 0.91 / 0.80
Temp coeff. -2.7 mV/°C/Elem. Discharging 23.8 / 24.9 V
Converter Corresp. SOC 0.21 / 0.50
Maxi and EURO efficiencies 98.0 / 96.0 %

Total PV power
Nominal (STC) 0.915 kWp
Total 3 modules
Module area 5.8 m²

Array losses
Thermal Loss factor DC wiring losses Serie Diode Loss
Module temperature according to irradiance Global array res. 22 mΩ Voltage drop 0.7 V
Uc (const) 29.0 W/m²K Loss Fraction 1.5 % at STC Loss Fraction 1.9 % at STC
Uv (wind) 0.0 W/m²K/m/s

Module Quality Loss Module mismatch losses Strings Mismatch loss

Loss Fraction -0.8 % Loss Fraction 0.0 % at MPP Loss Fraction 0.2 %

IAM loss factor

ASHRAE Param.: IAM = 1 - bo (1/cosi -1)
bo Param. 0.05

09/01/23 PVsyst Licensed to Page 3/7

 Project: kutum
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.4.0
VC0, Simulation date:
09/01/23 21:19
with v7.4.0

Detailed User's needs

Daily household consumers, Constant over the year, average = 3.8 kWh/day
Annual values Hourly distribution

Nb. Power Use Energy

W Hour/day Wh/day
Lamps (LED or fluo) 7 20/lamp 8.0 1120
TV / PC / Mobile 2 50/app 6.0 600
Domestic appliances 3 75/app 4.0 900
Fridge / Deep-freeze 2 24 1000
Dish- and Cloth-washer 1 1 200
Stand-by consumers 24.0 24
Total daily energy 3844

09/01/23 PVsyst Licensed to Page 4/7

 Project: kutum
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.4.0
VC0, Simulation date:
09/01/23 21:19
with v7.4.0

Main results
System Production
Useful energy from solar 1372.03 kWh/year Perf. Ratio PR 60.15 %
Available solar energy 1901.21 kWh/year Solar Fraction SF 97.79 %
Excess (unused) 462.79 kWh/year
Loss of Load Battery aging (State of Wear)
Time Fraction 3.5 % Cycles SOW 73.3 %
Missing Energy 31.03 kWh/year Static SOW 91.7 %

Normalized productions (per installed kWp) Performance Ratio PR

Balances and main results

GlobHor GlobEff E_Avail EUnused E_Miss E_User E_Load SolFrac

kWh/m² kWh/m² kWh kWh kWh kWh kWh ratio
January 192.5 232.3 183.8 60.03 0.00 119.2 119.2 1.000
February 189.6 213.9 166.4 53.31 0.00 107.6 107.6 1.000
March 227.7 234.6 180.1 54.79 0.00 119.2 119.2 1.000
April 225.7 213.2 163.0 41.96 0.00 115.3 115.3 1.000
May 218.7 192.4 148.4 24.39 1.06 118.1 119.2 0.991
June 201.3 172.4 135.0 16.86 2.87 112.5 115.3 0.975
July 189.7 165.9 131.4 17.86 10.53 108.6 119.2 0.912
August 178.5 164.9 132.0 15.90 7.62 111.5 119.2 0.936
September 185.6 184.1 145.1 31.72 7.74 107.6 115.3 0.933
October 194.5 210.8 163.7 39.89 1.20 118.0 119.2 0.990
November 191.2 225.2 175.0 53.83 0.00 115.3 115.3 1.000
December 183.6 224.8 177.4 52.24 0.00 119.2 119.2 1.000
Year 2378.7 2434.6 1901.2 462.79 31.03 1372.0 1403.1 0.978

Legends
GlobHor Global horizontal irradiation E_User Energy supplied to the user
GlobEff Effective Global, corr. for IAM and shadings E_Load Energy need of the user (Load)
E_Avail Available Solar Energy SolFrac Solar fraction (EUsed / ELoad)
EUnused Unused energy (battery full)
E_Miss Missing energy

09/01/23 PVsyst Licensed to Page 5/7

 Project: kutum
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.4.0
VC0, Simulation date:
09/01/23 21:19
with v7.4.0

Loss diagram
2379 kWh/m² Global horizontal irradiation
+4.8% Global incident in coll. plane

-2.35% IAM factor on global

2435 kWh/m² * 6 m² coll. Effective irradiation on collectors

efficiency at STC = 15.75% PV conversion

2232 kWh Array nominal energy (at STC effic.)

-0.31% PV loss due to irradiance level

-10.02% PV loss due to temperature

+0.75% Module quality loss

-0.15% Mismatch loss, modules and strings

-3.39% Ohmic wiring loss

-23.78% Unused energy (battery full)

1483 kWh Effective energy at the output of the array

-3.00% Converter Loss during operation (efficiency)

-0.04% Converter Loss due to power threshold
0.00% Converter Loss over nominal conv. voltage
0.00% Converter Loss due to voltage threshold
1438 kWh Converter losses (effic, overload)
Missing
Direct use Stored Battery Storage
energy 9.3% 90.7%
-0.15% Battery Stored Energy balance
2.21%
-3.61% Battery efficiency loss
31.0 kWh
-2.58% Charge/Disch. Current Efficiency Loss
-0.08% Gassing Current (electrolyte dissociation)
-0.12% Battery Self-discharge Current
1372 kWh Energy supplied to the user

1403 kWh Energy need of the user (Load)

09/01/23 PVsyst Licensed to Page 6/7

 Project: kutum
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.4.0
VC0, Simulation date:
09/01/23 21:19
with v7.4.0

Predef. graphs
Daily Input/Output diagram

09/01/23 PVsyst Licensed to Page 7/7