NEWSPAPER AND MAGAZINE:
English contemporary newspaper and magazine
SOURCE OF INFORMATION
- facts
- information ideas
- data
- figures
facts: literary
figures: numerical
Access: technology
PRIMARY
- all source
- original material
- first hand evidence
- who directly experienced
- unfiltered and direct perspective
- personal diaries and journals
- letters and correspondence
- speeches (audio or video record)
- interviews and oral history
- news paper and magazine
- official documents
- photographs and images
- artifacts
- manuscript and original text
- archeological finds
- social media post
- survey pulls
PERSONAL DIARIES AND JOURNAL:
record their daily experience (perspective of
the author)
LETTERS AND CORRESPONDENCE:
official letters exchange into individuals
SPEECHES (AUDIO OR VIDEO RECORD):
speech given by the individual, such as
political leaders, activists or public figure.
OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS: government
documents, laws treaties and administrative
records
reporting on events that happened.
INTERVIEWS AND ORAL HISTORIES:
conversation with people who experienced
a particular event or time period
ARCHEOLOGIC FINDS AND
MANUSCRIPT ORIGINAL TEXT: hand-
written or original printed text manuscripts,
ancient scrolls, and early edition books
ARTIFACTS: physical object from a specific
time or culture, such as clothing, tools,
weapons, and artworks (tangible evidence)
PHOTOGRAPH AND IMAGES: visual
records of people, places, and events,
captured by moment in time (historical
context)
SOCIAL MEDIA POST: public sentiment and
reaction to current events
SURVEYS AND POLL: data collected
through surveys, pulls or questionnaires to
gauge public opinion or gathered
information on specific topics
SECONDARY SOURCE
- analyze the interpretation primary
sources
- do not offer primary source
- interpretation of information
- information created by someone
who was not present at an event
- biographies
- literary criticism and interpretation
- commentaries
- Editorials
- Political analyses
- Review of law or legislation
- textbook
TERTIARY SOURCE
- collections or list of primary and
secondary sources
 - organize and locate secondary and - Connection between the different
primary sources concepts and sometimes a
- encyclopedia beneficial organizer
- bibliographies - Fishbone or Ishikawa diagram
- indexes
FLOW CHART/PROCESS FLOW
- literature reviews
DIAGRAM
- library catalogues
- databases - Event order
- Process sequence
EVALUATING PRIMARY SOURCE OF
- Applicable textual aid organizer
INFORMATION
VENN DIAGRAM
- Provenance (origin)
- Context (ideas) - Recognize similarities and difference
- Bias and perspective (point of view) of two or more subjects , ideas ,
- Reliability and authenticity thoughts or concepts
- Accuracy and consistency - Most commonly used textual aid
- Purpose of Intent
- Classification GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS
- Visual displays that have key content
information
6 CHARACTERISTICS OF - With structure for abstract concepts
INFORMATION - Designed for those who have trouble
organizing information and thoughts
- Accuracy
- Completeness OTHER FORMS OF NON-TEXTUAL
- Timeliness INFORMATION
- Consistency - Concept maps
- Spider map
- Relevant
- Sensory observation chart
- Uniqueness
- Line graph
- Bar graph
LINEAR AND NON- - Pie graph
- Pictograph
LINEAR TEXTS
The difference between them is the
reading path
- Linear text: traditional text that TABLES
needs to be read from beginning to - To categorize information into
end different blocks along rows & and
- Non-linear text: not required to be columns for easy understanding
read from beginning to end since the - Identify the contents of a specific
reading path is non-sequential row
NON-LINEAR GRAPH / BAR GRAPH
CAUSE AND EFFECT DIAGRAM - When a simple table cannot
adequately demonstrate important
relationships
 - Within data (mind tools content team
2020)
LINE GRAPH
- Used to show numerical data have
changed over time and it is best
used to show trends
PIE GRAPH
- How a whole is divided into different
parts
PICTOGRAPH GRAPH
- Similar to bar graph but use pictures
to symbolize a countable unit of
items
TRANSCODING LINEAR TO
NONLINEAR TEXT AND VICE VERSA
STEP 1- read the text and get the
main idea
STEP 2 – extract necessary
information for the visual presentation
STEP 3- remember to use
keywords or phrases only
STEP 4- classify information into
categories
STEP 5- make sure to use the
correct non-linear text to present the
information
AUTHOR’S PURPOSE PLOT,
SETTINGS AND
CHARACTERIZATION
PLOT
- How the author arranges the events
develop in the basic idea
PARTS OF PLOT
- EXPOSITION: the beginning of
the story. (characters are
introduced settings is defined)
- CONFLICT: struggle the main
character faces (leads to climax)
- CHARACTERS: persons,
creatures, or things serving as
actors or movers in a story
- CHARACTERIZATION: writers’
tool or literary device, author uses
details to teach us about the
person
o Characters vs self:
struggles with own soul,
physical limitations
choices, etc.
o External: struggles with a
force outside oneself
o Characters vs characters:
struggles against other
people
o Characters vs society:
struggles against ideas,
practices, or customs of
others
o Characters vs nature:
struggle against animals,
weather, environment
- CLIMAX: turning point of the
story; reader wonders what will
happen next (the highest point in
the story characters come face to
face)
- FALLING ACTION: resolution
begins, and events and
complications start to fall into
place (the conflicts in the climax
are starting to be resolved)
- RESOLUTION: conclusion, the
final outcome events in the story (
 the story comes to a reasonable - Written by an expert or scholar
ending)
BOOK
-Scholarly books are written for
SETTING scholars/researchers in the
author's field, and are typically
- Time and location where the story
intended to share research
takes place
findings and contribute to the
PLACE ongoing scholarly "conversation"

- Geographical/ location where GOVERNMENT

does the story take place
- Reports
TIME
REFERENCE MATERIALS
- Historical period time of day, year,
- Factual, detailed, accessibility
etc.
TEXT ACCESSIBILITY
WEATHER CONDITION
- Arrangement of words for them to
- Is it rainy sunny, stormy, etc ,
be easily accessed
place?
IMAGE ACCESSIBILITY
SOCIAL CONDITION
- Provides additional information
- What is the daily life of the
about the text or concept
character like
AUDIO ACCESSIBILITY
MODE OR ATMOSPHERE
- Provides additional information
- What feeling is created at the
through listening skills
beginning of the story
VIDEO PROVIDES
ACCESSIBILITY AND
- Additional information through
EFFECTIVENESS listening and viewing skills
ACCESSIBILITY

- Refers to the quality of being ANALYTICAL LISTENING IN

easy to find obtain and use.
PROBLEM SOLVING
EFFECTIVENESS
EXPLICIT
- Refers to the degree of being
- Information direct literary meaning
able to achieve the desired result
(direct)
based on their objective or
purpose IMPLICIT

SCHOLARLY ARTICLE
 - Information implied indirect meaning o FEEDBACK: opinion and
(indirect) basis logical opinion
o RESPONSES: a way to
ANALYTICAL LISTENING IN PROBLEM
answer
SOLVING
- REMEMBRING STAGE: integrated
- Ability to understand/ analyze the the information
sound we listened to o Take part
- Distinguish and categorize o Recalling
- Critical and active listening
ANALYTICAL LISTENING
- Problem solving
STAGES - Helpful
- Solving particular issue
- RECEIVING STAGE: hear clearly,
other sound points
- UNDERSTANDING STAGE:
generating meaning on what has PROBLEMS (5 W’s)
been heard (learning) - What
- EVALUATING STAGE: judging, have - Who
a basis, based on the situation or - When
with the situation - Where
- RESPONDING STAGE: provide - Why
verbal, feedback, answering non-
verbal and verbal
o NON-VERBAL: Body
language
o VERBAL: using words 1. Identify the problem

2. Generate
alternative/ new
solution
3. Evaluate