College of Nursing

NCM 105A NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY

LABORATORY

LABORATORY
EXERCISE NO.
16

Planning and Preparing Menu Using the Pinggang Pinoy: Older Adult
Name: PADURA, VALERIE M. Date Due: Date
Submitted: Score:
Year and Section:

Professor:

I. Objectives:
Within a week, the student will be able to:
1. Plan and prepare menu for an elderly using the Filipino Pinggang Pinoy.
2. Give dietary recommendations on feeding problems encountered by elderly people

II. Procedure:
1. Prepare a menu for an elderly using the Pinggang Pinoy below.
 Menu for an Elderly:

Breakfast AM Snack Lunch PM Snack Dinner Bedtime Snack

1 garlic fried rice Suman 1 serving of brown 1 sliced mango 1/2 cup of 1 glass of warm
rice steamed rice milk
1 serving Greek yogurt with 1 serving of grilled 1 glass of water 1 serving of A small
scrambled eggs honey and a chicken with sinigang na whole-grain
with tomatoes sprinkle of chia steamed okra salmon with biscuit
and onions seeds and eggplant kangkong
1 sliced of 1 cup of sliced 1 serving of mixed A handful of 1 glass of water
papaya cucumber salad with a unsalted mixed
vinaigrette nuts
dressing
1 glass of water or 1 glass of water 1 glass of water
unsweetened
herbal tea

2. What are the feeding problems encountered by elderly people? How do we manage each feeding
problems?

Elderly people can encounter various feeding problems due to factors like aging, medical
conditions, or dental issues. Here are some common feeding problems and simple ways to
manage them. Difficulty chewing due to missing teeth or dental issues is one of them that is why
we need to offer soft or pureed foods, cut food into small pieces, and use dentures if needed.
Soups and smoothies are good options. Another problem is dysphagia wherein they have
trouble swallowing, which can lead to choking or aspiration.
For this, we need to modify food textures (e.g., soft, pureed), take smaller bites, and eat
slowly. Lack of Appetite reduced eating, often due to decreased sense of taste or medical
conditions and we need to encourage nutrient-dense foods, offer frequent small meals, and
make meals enjoyable with flavorful seasonings. Elderly may forget to drink enough water,
leading to dehydration and we remind them to drink water regularly. Include hydrating foods
like soups and fruits in their diet.

III. Conclusion and Recommendations:

1. Why is good nutrition important during late adulthood?

Good nutrition is essential for preserving overall health and well-being in late adulthood.
Proper nutrients help prevent and manage chronic conditions like heart disease, diabetes, and
osteoporosis. Nutrient-rich foods support healthy aging, ensuring that an individual remains
active and independent for as long as possible. Adequate nutrition is vital for maintaining a
robust immune system, which becomes especially important as immune function naturally
declines with age. Proper nutrition can support cognitive health and reduce the risk of cognitive
decline and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's. Nutrients such as calcium and vitamin
D are crucial for bone health, helping to prevent osteoporosis and fractures. Adequate protein
intake is essential for preserving muscle mass and strength, preventing sarcopenia. Proper
nutrition can reduce the risk of age-related chronic diseases and complications, improving the
overall quality of life. Ultimately, good nutrition in late adulthood contributes to an improved
quality of life, allowing individuals to enjoy their later years with vitality and fewer health-related
limitations.

2. Give suggestions on how to feed an elderly.

Feeding the elderly can present unique challenges due to factors such as dental issues,
reduced appetite, and dietary restrictions. To ensure they receive proper nutrition and enjoy
their meals, consider the following suggestions:

1. Respect Individual Preferences: Ask about their food preferences, cultural

backgrounds, and dietary restrictions. Tailor meals to their liking whenever possible.

2. Offer Nutrient-Dense Foods: Prioritize nutrient-dense foods such as fruits, vegetables,

lean proteins, and whole grains to provide essential vitamins and minerals.

3. Texture-Appropriate Foods: For those with chewing or swallowing difficulties, offer softer
or pureed foods. Modify textures to match their ability to safely consume.

4. Smaller, Frequent Meals: Provide several smaller meals throughout the day to
accommodate reduced appetite and aid digestion.

5. Hydration: Encourage regular hydration by offering water, herbal teas, and hydrating
foods like soups and fruits.