LESSON DESIGN/PLAN

Names of Instructors Artiaga, Keith Adriane Subject: Abstract Algebra

Gambalan, Jennibeb
Manon-og, Antonette
Lamoste, Jastin
Reposposa, Joliver
Date May 29, 2023 Time and Day 9:00am – 10:00am Monday
Content Composition of rigid motions on regular Pentagon
Duration 60 minutes
Lesson Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

• Describe the elements of the given set in the regular pentagon and the binary
operation used.
• Evaluate the importance of illustrating the elements of a regular pentagon.
• Prove the given set is a group under the binary operation of composition of rigid
motions in a regular pentagon.

21st Century Skills (Core Competencies)

Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, and Critical Thinking
References:
1. Sheth, I. H. (2009). Abstract Algebra. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd. Pp. 57-63.
2. Sheth, I. H. (2009). Abstract Algebra. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd. Pp. 64-69

Materials:
1. PowerPoint Presentation (PPT)
2. Laptop
3. Digital Light Processing (DLP)

Procedure:
1. Preliminaries
2. Motivation/ Review
3. Activity/ Analysis
4. Lesson Proper (Abstraction, Application, Assignment)
5. Task assessment

Preliminaries:
1. Prayer and greetings
2. Checking of Attendance
3. House Rules
Review/Motivational Activity
A. Review: The students will recall the topic being discussed at the previous meeting.

B. Motivational Activity: WORD JUMBLE!

Directions: Arrange the jumbled letters and form words.
ANSWERS:

1. OTNAROTI 1. ROTATION
2. NOTIEFLERC 2. NOTIEFLERC
3. DIGRI ONITMO 3. RIGID MOTION
4. OSCASTVIAEI 4. ASSOCIATIVE
5. TENDIYIT 5. IDENTITY
6. SERNIEV 6. INVERSE
7. UROPG 7. GROUP
8. ABRYIN AROTNIPEO 8. BINARY OPERATION
9. GEDLI NOTIEFLERC 9. GLIDE REFLECTION
10. OGNTENAP 10. PENTAGON

Activity
Direction: In this activity, the students will be divided into 4 groups. Each group will be given an equal set of polygons. The challenge
is, the students are going to identify what is/are considered regular polygon, afterwards, the students were going to identify the regular
polygon is/are under the binary operation- composition of rigid motions.

Set of Polygons each group:

Group 1: Pentagon, Rectangle, Kite, Square, Triangle
Group 2: Hexagon, Rhombus, Parallelogram, Trapezoid, Pentagon
Group 3: Octagon, Square, Pentagon, Rectangle, Triangle
Group 4: Heptagon, Pentagon, Kite, Trapezoid, Nonagon
Analysis
1. What have you observed among the regular polygons from the activity above?
2. How will you determine that the polygons are regular and irregular?
3. Based on the activity above, is/are there a group of binary operation among the polygons?
4. How can you say that the regular polygon is under the binary operation-composition of rigid motions?

Abstraction
Rigid motion is otherwise known as rigid transformation or isometry of an object is best understood when presented visually and
occurs when a point or object is moved, but the size and shape remain the same. Also a rigid motion preserves the side lengths and angle
measures of a polygon. There are usually two images: the pre-image and the post-image. The pre-image is the state of the object before any
movement takes place. Post-image is its state after the movement is done.

There are four types of rigid motions that we will consider: translation, rotation, reflection, and glide reflection.
rigid motions are transformations that preserve the side lengths and angles in a shape.

➢ A translation is a transformation that pushes or slides an object. On the picture above, the triangle has just moved to the right a little bit,
while keeping its shape. The slide could be in any direction on the plane as long as it keeps its shape and stays facing the same way.
➢ A rotation is exactly what it sounds like. When the shape turns, you have a rotation. In the picture above, the triangle is turning 90∘
clockwise. You can rotate a shape clockwise or counter-clockwise, and for any number of degrees. Once again, the shape is preserved,
but now it has a different corner on the bottom and is facing a different direction.
 ➢ A reflection is when a shape flips. In this case, the triangle has flipped to the right over an imaginary line in the center. You can flip a
shape in any direction and over any part of itself, but this can be a little harder to visualize on your own, so here is a picture showing
some other types of flips.
➢ A glide reflection (also known as trans-flection) a transformation that is the combination of a translation and a reflection. The shape is
both slide and reflected to get the final image. The order does not matter with a glide reflection, either transformation can go first to get
the final image.
Example:
Show that the set of G is a group under the binary operation-composition of rigid motions of a regular pentagon.

Let G the set of rigid motions of regular A

pentagon ABCDE. As shown of figure 1, B E
vertices A,B,C,D,E on the figure are regular
pentagon ABCDE. Figure 1
Set G= { 𝑟0 , 𝑟1 , 𝑟2 , 𝑟3 , 𝑟4 , 𝑑1 , 𝑑2 , 𝑑3 , 𝑑4 , 𝑑5 }
C r D

Rotation A
𝑟0 = ABCDE 0°
= rotation counter-clockwise 0° . B E Figure 2
A E
C 𝑟0 D 0°
B E A 72° D
𝑟1 = EABCD Figure 3
= rotation counter-clockwise 72° .
C 𝑟0 D B 𝑟1 C
E D
𝑟2 = DEABC E C
A 72° D
= rotation counter-clockwise 144° . Figure 4
144°
B C A
𝑟1 𝑟 2 B
Reflection:
A A

B E E B
𝑑1 = CDEAB Figure 5
= reflection of ABCDE is CDEAB; C D D C
in vertex A. 𝑟0 𝑑1

E E

A D D A
𝑑2 = EDCBA Figure 6
= reflection of EABCD is EDCBA; C C B
B 𝑟1
in vertex E. 𝑑2

Application: Learning Evidence (LE 1)

Group Activity!

Direction:
▪ Each group must create a physical model of a regular pentagon,
▪ Show the composition of the rigid motions in a regular pentagon.
▪ The physical model can be made using materials such as cardboard, styrofoam board, wood, or illustration board, scissors, stick glue,
ruler.
▪ Present your output in a class after 40 mins.
▪ The output should be visually appealing and clearly demonstrate the concepts.
 Rubrics

Criterion Satisfactory Acceptable Unacceptable

(15) (10) (5)

Presentation Demonstrated in-depth Demonstrated substantial Demonstrated minimal understanding.

understanding. understanding.

The output is well- organized The output is organized and The output is not totally organized and
Accuracy and very accurate to the almost accurate to the provided accurate to the provided format is
provided format is followed. format is followed. followed. and the model shows not
totally excellence.

Cooperation
All the group of members work Some of the group members Several of the group members work
together to create a physical work together to create a together to create a physical model in a
model in a regular pentagon. physical model in a regular regular polygon.
pentagon.
 The overall impact is highly The overall impact is The overall impact is fair, and the model
Creativity impressive, the model shows impressive, and the model shows not totally impressive.
originality and excellence. shows originality.

Timeliness Submitted a day before the Submitted on the day of the Submitted 2 days after the deadline.
deadline. deadline.

𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑏𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛
For grading purposes, transmute the rubric of technological tools: 𝑮𝒓𝒂𝒅𝒆= × 50 ÷ 50 = _______
75

Assignment:
Direction: There are different types of regular polygons shown below, choose one and prove that it is a group under the binary operation
- composition of rigid motions. Submit your outputs in the designated Google classroom.

Regular Polygons
Equilateral Triangle
Square
Pentagon
Hexagon
Heptagon
 Octagon
Nonagon
Decagon

Task Assessment:

Proving a set is a group under binary operation of composition of rigid motions in a regular polygon.

Directions:
Consider a regular polygon with n sides, where n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 6. Let S be the set of all rigid motions that
preserve the regular polygon. The binary operation of composition of rigid motions. Your task is to determine whether S is a group under
composition of rigid motions in the regular polygon. In order to do so, you must:

• Identify the properties that a set must satisfy to be a group under a binary operation.
• Show that S satisfies these properties by proving that S is closed under composition, that composition is associative, that S contains an
identity element, and that every element of S has an inverse.
• Use your proof to provide a clear and concise explanation of why S is a group under composition of rigid motions in the regular
polygon.
 Rubrics

Criterion Excellent Good Satisfactory Needs Improvement

(20) (15) (10) (5)

Understands the Demonstrates a deep Understands the Partially understands the Does not understand the
definition of a understanding of the definition of a group and definition of a group and can definition of a group and
group definition of a group and can correctly apply it to apply it to the given set with cannot apply it to the given
can clearly and the given set error set.
convincingly apply it to
the given set.

Demonstrates a deep
Understands the understanding of the
binary operation binary operation of
of composition of composition of rigid
rigid motions in a motions in a regular
regular polygon. polygon and can clearly
and convincingly apply it
to the given set.
Excellently identifies
Identifies the whether the given set is
associative closed under the binary
property of the operation of composition
given set of rigid motions in a
regular polygon and
provides a clear and
convincing explanation.
Understands the binary Partially understands the
operation of binary operation of
composition of rigid composition of rigid motions
motions in a regular in a regular polygon and can
polygon and can apply it to the given set with
correctly apply it to the errors.
given set.
Correctly identifies Partially identifies whether
whether the given set is the given set is closed under
closed under the binary the binary operation of
operation of composition of rigid motions
composition of rigid in a regular polygon with
motions in a regular errors.
polygon.
Does not understand the
binary operation of
composition of rigid motions
in a regular polygon and
cannot apply it to the given
set.
Cannot identify whether the
given set is closed under the
binary operation of
composition of rigid motions
in a regular polygon.
 Excellently identifies the Correctly identifies the Partially identifies the Cannot identify the identity
Identifies the identity element of the identity element of the identity element of the given element of the given set.
identity element of given set and provides a given set. set with errors.
the given set. clear and convincing
explanation
Excellently identifies the Correctly identifies the Partially identifies the inverse Cannot identify the inverse
Identifies the inverse element of each inverse element of each element of each element in element of each element in the
inverse element of element in the given set element in the given set. the given set with errors. given set.
each element in and provides a clear and
the given set. convincing explanation.

Demonstrates Excellently demonstrates Demonstrates clear Demonstrates some logical Does not demonstrate logical
logical reasoning clear logical reasoning and logical reasoning and reasoning and clear reasoning and clear
and clear communication with depth communication. communication but with communication.
communication. and precision errors or inconsistencies

Uses appropriate Excellently uses Consistently uses Partially uses appropriate Does not use appropriate
mathematical appropriate mathematical appropriate mathematical language, mathematical language,
language, symbols, language, symbols, and mathematical language, symbols, and notation with symbols, and notation.
and notation. notation with precision symbols, and notation. errors or inconsistencies.
and clarity.

For grading purposes, transmute the rubric of technological tools:

𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑏𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛
𝑮𝒓𝒂𝒅𝒆= × 50 ÷ 50 = ________
120