THE PROCESS
OF
COMMUNICATION
RIC MICHAEL M. ESTRERA
At the end of this lesson, you will
OBJECTIVES
a.Define the nature of communication,
b.Distinguish the elements; and
c.Demonstrate the communication process.
20XX PITCH DECK 2
COMMUNICATION
- Is the process by which people
DEFINITION exchange messages.
- LANGUAGE is an essential part of
communication.
- Is characterized by a social aspect.
The relationship of the
communicators affect the way they
interact. People agree on the
meaning of words and expressions.
COMMUNICATION
DEFINITION - It can be verbal or
non-verbal.
- It is also composed of
different elements
1. PARTICIPANTS
ELEMENTS -refer to both the speaker
and the listener.
a. speakers share ideas
b. listeners receive,
interpret, and respond
2. CONTEXT
ELEMENTS - refers to the interrelated
conditions of
communication (Padilla
et al., 2003) which affect
how people understand
the message.
CLASSIFICATIONS OF
CONTEXT
A. Physical Context
- includes the setting where the
communication takes place, the
time of the day, the
environmental conditions,
distance between or among
communicators, the seating
arrangement.
CLASSIFICATIONS OF
CONTEXT
B. Social Context
- refers to the nature of
relationships existing
between or among the
communicators.
- sets the formality of the
interactions.
CLASSIFICATIONS OF
CONTEXT
C. Psychological Context
- involves the communicator’s
moods and feelings.
- Being conscious of and
considerate of other people’s
feelings during a conversation is
a prerequisite to effective
communication.
CLASSIFICATIONS OF
CONTEXT
D. Cultural Context
- is comprised of the beliefs,
values, and norms shared
by a large group of people.
People who share the same
race and culture interact
easily.
CLASSIFICATIONS OF
CONTEXT
E. Historical Context
- involves the background
provided by previous
interactions between or
among the communicators
(Verderber & Verderber,
2012).
3. MESSAGE
- refers to the speaker ’s
ELEMENTS
meanings, ideas, and
feelings.
- can be delivered verbally or
non-verbally
- are received and interpreted
by the listener based on her
ideas/feelings.
4. CHANNELS
- transmit messages from the
ELEMENTS
speaker to the listener.
Two Major Channels:
A. Visual (light)- visible information
such as hand gestures,
movements, and facial
expressions.
B. Auditory (sound)- tone, volume,
and pitch of the voice.
5. BARRIER/NOISE
ELEMENTS - refer to the factors that
affect the flow of
communication.
- is the disruption which
prevents messages
from being interpreted.
THREE TYPES OF
BARRIER/NOISE:
A. External Noise- includes sights,
sounds, and any other
distractions in the physical
environment.
B. Internal Noise- refers to the
distractions within the
communicator. This can be
PHYSIOLOGICAL and
PSYCHOLOGICAL.
THREE TYPES OF
BARRIER/NOISE:
C. Semantic Noise-
involves the unintentional
misunderstanding caused
by ambiguity, jargon,
ethnic slurs, profanity, and
vulgar speech.
6. FEEDBACK
ELEMENTS
- refers to the reaction
or response of the
listener.
- can be verbal or non-
verbal.
AS A SPEAKER…
GUIDELINES IN 1. Use concise and simple words.
COMMUNICATING
EFFECTIVELY 2. Consider the environment.
3. Use verbal and non-verbal cues.
4. Consider your listener’s context.
5. Pay attention to your listener’s
non-verbal cues.
6. Rephrase the message if the
need be.
7. Ask for feedback.
AS A LISTENER…
GUIDELINES IN 1. Practice self-awareness.
COMMUNICATING
2. Listen actively and pay close
EFFECTIVELY
attention.
3. Use non-verbal cues.
4. Focus on the speaker.
5. Pay attention to your listener’s
non-verbal cues.
6. Ask for clarification politely.
7. Provide feedback.
GUIDELINES
Form groups of six members
each. Choose two out of three
GROUP types of noise that may hinder
ACTIVITY: SKIT
the transmission of messages.
Present a five-minute skit that
shows how communication is
affected by these types of noise.
RUBRICS
THANK YOU!
