DESIGN OF MAIN BEAMS

Wall thickness 230 mm. Material properties:

Floor Height 3.6 m. Steel 500 Mpa
Preliminary depth of s 100 mm. Concrete 20 Mpa
Overall depth of beam 550 mm. Unit weights:
Clear cover 30 mm. RCC 25 N/mm3
Eff. Depth of beam 520 mm. Brick 19.2 N/mm3
Beam width 300 mm.

Load calcuation
For beam A-A':
Dead load on slab 2.060 kN/m2 Self wt. of 3.672 kN/m2
Live load on slab 3.250 kN/m2 waffle

i. Dead load
Self wt. of wall 9.428 kN/m 0.7 for opening
Finish load on Waffle 6.180 kN/m
Self wt of waffle 11.016 kN/m
Self wt. of beam 3.375 kN/m

Total dead load 29.999 kN/m

Factored dead load 44.999 kN/m

ii. Live load

Live load on slab 9.750 kN/m
Factored live load 14.625 kN/m

Calculation of effective Span

Continuous beam
Width of support (w) 300 mm.
1/12th of the clear span (l) 454.167 mm.

\ w < l, so Leff is computed as simply supported

Leff 5550 mm.

Moment Calculation:

Moment calculation using coefficients:

Dead load Live load Total
moment (kN- moments (kN- moments
Description m) m) (kN-m)

At end Support A 0.00 0.00 0.00

Near mid of End span A-
120.77 47.10 167.87
a1
At interior support a1
(near A) -144.92 -52.33 -197.26

At mid of interior span

90.58 39.25 129.83
a1-a2
 Moment calculation using coefficients:
Dead load Live load Total
Description moment (kN- moments (kN- moments
m) m) (kN-m)
At interior support a2 -120.77 -52.33 -173.10
At mid of interior span
90.58 39.25 129.83
a2-a43
At interior support a3 -120.77 -52.33 -173.10
At mid of interior span
90.58 39.25 129.83
a3-a4
At interior support a4
-144.92 -52.33 -197.26
(near A')
At mid of interior span 120.77 47.10 167.87
a4-A'
At end support A' 0.00 0.00 0.00

Here maximum moment in the beam= 197.26 kN-m

Q= 2.67 k= 0.46 Fe500
d= 496.05 mm.
Here assumed depth is Lesser than required depth.
Minimum area of tensile R/f = 280.5 mm2

Area of reinforcement of bars:

Beam
Reinforcement
Beam Moments Moments Area (mm2)
(kN-m)
At end Support A 0.00 0.00
Near mid of End span A- 167.87 798.17
a1
At interior support a1 -197.26 965.80
(near A)
At mid of interior span
a1-a2 129.83 596.56
At interior support a2 -173.10 827.19
At mid of interior span
129.83 596.56
a2-a43
At interior support a3 -173.10 827.19
At mid of interior span 129.83 596.56
a3-a4
At interior support a4
-197.26 965.80
(near A')
At mid of interior span
a4-A' 167.87 798.17

Designing for maximum R/f area at top = 798.17 mm2

Designing for maximum R/f area at bottom = 965.804 mm2

For maximum R/f area

 Size of rebar 25 mm
Area of one rebar 490.87 mm2
No. of bars required 2 no.s

For maximum R/f area at bottom

Size of rebar 25 mm
Ara of one rebar 490.87 mm2
No. of bars required 2 no.s

Wall thickness 230 mm. Material properties:

Floor Height 3.6 m. Steel (Fe415) 500 Mpa
Preliminary depth of s 100 mm. Concrete (M25) 25 Mpa
Overall depth of beam 550 mm. Unit weights:
Clear cover 50 mm. RCC 25 N/mm3
Eff. Depth of beam 500 mm. Brick 19.2 N/mm3
Beam width 300 mm.

Load calcuation
For beam B-B':
Dead load on slab 2.060 kN/m2 Self wt. of 3.672 kN/m2
Live load on slab 3.250 kN/m2 waffle

i. Dead load
Self wt. of wall 9.428 kN/m 0.7 for opening
Finish load on waffle 6.180 kN/m
Self wt of waffle 11.016 kN/m
Self wt. of beam 3.375 kN/m

Total dead load 30.00 kN/m

Factored dead load 45.00 kN/m

ii. Live load

Live load on slab 9.750 kN/m
Factored live load 14.625 kN/m

Moment calculation
Moment calculation using coefficients:
Description Dead load Live load Total
moment moments moments
At end Support B 0.00 0.00 0.00
Near mid of End span
B-b1 120.77 47.10 167.87
At interior support b1
(near B) -144.92 -52.33 -197.26
At mid of interior
span b1-b2 90.58 39.25 129.83

Moment calculation using coefficients:

 Dead load Live load Total
Description moment moments moments
At interior support b2 -120.77 -52.33 -173.10
At mid of interior
span b2-b3 90.58 39.25 129.83
At interior support b3 -120.77 -52.33 -173.10
At mid of interior
span b3-b4 90.58 39.25 129.83
At interior support b4 -120.77 -52.33 -173.10
At mid of interior
span b4-b5 90.58 39.25 129.83
At interior support b5 -144.92 -52.33 -197.26
At mid of interior
span b5-B' 120.77 47.10 167.87
At end support B' 0.00 0.00 0.00

Here maximum moment in the beam= 197.26 kN-m

Q= 3.34 k= 0.46 Fe500
d= 443.68 mm.
Here assumed depth is Lesser than required depth.
Minimum area of tensile R/f = 280.5 mm2

Area of reinforcement of bars:

Beam
Reinforcement
Moments Area (mm2)
(kN-m)
At end Support B 0.00 0.00
Near mid of End span B-
b1 167.87 798.17

At interior support b1
(near B) -197.26 965.80

At mid of interior span

b1-b2 129.83 596.56
At interior support b2 -173.10 827.19
At mid of interior span
b2-b3 129.83 596.56
At interior support b3 -173.10 827.19
At mid of interior span
b3-b4 129.83 596.56
At interior support b4 -173.10 827.19
At mid of interior span
b4-b5 129.83 596.56

At interior support b5
(near B') -197.26 965.80
 Beam Reinforcement
Moments
Area (mm2)
(kN-m)
At mid of interior span
b5-B' 167.87 798.17
At end support B' 0.00 0.00

Designing for maximum R/f area at top = 798.17 mm2

Designing for maximum R/f area at bottom = 965.80 mm2

For maximum R/f area

Size of rebar 25 mm
Area of one rebar 490.874 mm2
No. of bars required 2 no.s

For maximum R/f area at bottom

Size of rebar 25 mm
Ara of one rebar 490.874 mm2
No. of bars required 2 no.s
 SLAB PANELS FEATURE

Coefficients of moments
Span Ly/Lx
aX+
aX- aY+ aY-
S1 1 0.024 0.032 0.024 0.032
S2 1 0.028 0.037 0.028 0.037
S4 1 0.035 0.047 0.035 0.047
S5 1 0.035 0.047 0.035 -
S9 1 0.056 - 0.056 -

- 0.06 0.065 0.005 0.063

+ 0.045 0.049 0.004 0.047
-0.015 -0.016

Coefficients of shear
Span Ly/Lx
aX+ aX- aY+ aY-
S1 1.125
S2 1.25
S3 1.125
S4 1.125

Moments
wu MUX+= MUY+ =
Span LX (m) MUX- = aX- MUY- = aY-
(KN/m2) aX+* aY+*
* wU*LX2 * wU*LX2
wU*LX2 wU*LX2
S1 5.675 36.001 27.826 37.102 27.826 37.102
S2 5.675 36.001 32.464 42.899 32.464 42.899
S4 5.675 36.001 40.580 54.493 40.580 54.493
S5 5.675 36.001 40.580 54.493 40.580 -
S9 5.675 36.001 64.928 - 64.928 -

Area of reinforcement (mm2)

Span
Astx+ Astx- Asty+ Asty-
S1 207.57 278.69 207.57 278.69
S2 243.00 323.66 243.00 323.66
S4 305.61 414.83 305.61 414.83
S5 305.61 414.83 305.61 -
S9 498.36 - 498.36 -
 Area
Reinforcement area Spacing provided
Spacing
provided
Slab required
(mm2) (Sreq), mm (Spro), mm
(Ast)pro,
mm2

Astx+ 207.57 242.16 240.00 209.44

Astx -
278.69 180.36 180.00 279.25
S1
Ast y
+
207.57 242.16 240.00 209.44
Asty- 278.69 180.36 180.00 279.25
Astx+ 243.00 206.85 200.00 251.33
Astx- 323.66 155.30 150.00 335.10
S2
Ast y
+
243.00 206.85 200.00 251.33
Asty- 323.66 155.30 150.00 335.10
Astx +
305.61 164.47 160.00 314.16
Astx- 414.83 121.17 120.00 418.88
S4
Ast y
+
305.61 164.47 160.00 314.16
Asty- 414.83 121.17 120.00 418.88
Astx +
305.61 164.47 160.00 314.16
Astx -
414.83 121.17 120.00 418.88
S5
Asty+ 305.61 164.47 160.00 314.16
Ast y
-
- - -
Astx+ 498.36 100.86 100.00 502.65
Astx -
- - -
S9
Asty+ 498.36 100.86 100.00 502.65
Ast y
-
- - -

Slab Moment (KN-m) Q=0.36*f d (mm) Check

ck*j*k
MUX+ 27.826 2.76 100.42
d<dmax. is
MUX- 37.102 2.76 115.96 satisfied
S1 for all
MUY+ 27.826 2.76 100.42 moments
in Slab S1
MUY- 37.102 2.76 115.96
MUX+ 32.464 2.76 108.47 d<dmax. is
MUX- 42.899 2.76 124.69 satisfied
S2 for all
MUY+ 32.464 2.76 108.47 moments
42.899 2.76 124.69 in Slab S1
MUY-
MUX+ 40.580 2.76 121.27 d<dmax. is
MUX- 54.493 2.76 140.53 satisfied
S4 for all
MUY+ 40.580 2.76 121.27 moments
in Slab S1
 d<dmax. is
satisfied
S4 for all
moments
54.493 2.76 140.53 in Slab S1
MUY-
MUX+ 40.580 2.76 121.27 d<dmax. is
MUX- 54.493 2.76 140.53 satisfied
S5 for all
MUY+ 40.580 2.76 121.27 moments
- - - in Slab S1
MUY-
MUX+ 64.928 2.76 153.40 d<dmax. is
MUX- - 2.76 satisfied
S9 for all
MUY+ 64.928 2.76 153.40 moments
- 2.76 in Slab S1
MUY-
 50.265

27.826 37.102 27.826 37.102

32.464 42.899 32.464 42.899
40.580 54.493 40.580 54.493
40.580 54.493 40.580 -
64.928 - 64.928 -
Factored dead load = 45.00 kN/m
Factored live load = 14.63 kN/m
Total factored load = 59.62 kN/m

Clear span of beam = 5.50 m

Effective depth of beam = 0.45 m
Effective depth of slab = 0.175 m
Effective width of support = 0.50 m
C/C span of beam = 6.00 m

Effective span of
continuous beam = 5.675 m

Bending Moment coefficients:

Span Moments Support Moments
Types of load Near middle of end At middle of interior At support next to
span span the end support

Dead load and Imposed 0.08 0.06 -0.10

load fixed
Imposed load
(not fixed) 0.10 0.08 -0.11

Moment calculation using coefficients:

Dead load moment Live load moments Total moments
Description (kN-m) (kN-m) (kN-m)
At end Support A 0.00 0.00 0.00

Near mid of End span A-a1 120.77 47.10 167.87

At interior support a1
-144.92 -52.33 -197.26
(near A)
At mid of interior span a1-
90.58 39.25 129.83
a2
At interior support a2 -120.77 -52.33 -173.10
At mid of interior span a2-
90.58 39.25 129.83
a43
At interior support a3 -120.77 -52.33 -173.10
At mid of interior span a3-
90.58 39.25 129.83
a4
At interior support a4
-144.92 -52.33 -197.26
(near A')
At mid of interior span a4-
120.77 47.10 167.87
A'
At end support A' 0.00 0.00 0.00

Beam Moments Reinforcement Area

(kN-m) (mm2) Spacing
At end Support A 0.00 0.00

Near mid of End span A-a1 167.87 798.17

At interior support a1
-197.26 965.80
(near A)
At mid of interior span a1-
129.83 596.56
a2
At interior support a2 -173.10 827.19
At mid of interior span a2- 129.83 596.56
a43
At interior support a3 -173.10 827.19
At mid of interior span a3-
a4 129.83 596.56

At interior support a4
-197.26 965.80
(near A')
At mid of interior span a4-
A' 167.87 798.17
At end support A' 0.00 0.00
Support Moments

At other interior
support

-0.08

-0.11
 0

167868438.7 aX^2+bX+c

197255395.2 a= 36.25

129826389.6 b= 239250
173101852.8

129826389.6
173101852.8

129826389.6

197255395.2

167868438.7
0
 57240562500
518742597656

518742.597656
Factored dead load = 44.999 kN/m
Factored live load = 14.625 kN/m
Total factored load = 59.624 kN/m

Clear span of beam = 5.5 m.

Effective depth of beam = 0.55 m.
Effective depth of slab = 0.175 m.
Effective width of support 0.5 m.
C/C span of beam = 6 m.

Effective span of
continuous beam = 5.675 m.

Bending Moment coefficients:

Span Moments Support Moments
Types of load At support next At other
Near middle of At middle of
end span interior span to the end interior
support support
Dead load and Imposed 0.083 0.063 -0.100 -0.083
load fixed
Imposed load
0.100 0.083 -0.111 -0.111
(not fixed)

Moment calculation using coefficients:

Dead load momentLive load moments Total moments
Description

At end Support B 0.00 0.00 0.00

Near mid of End span B-b1 120.77 47.10 167.87

At interior support b1 -144.92 -52.33 -197.26

(near B)
At mid of interior span b1-
b2 90.58 39.25 129.83
At interior support b2 -120.77 -52.33 -173.10
At mid of interior span b2-
b3 90.58 39.25 129.83
At interior support b3 -120.77 -52.33 -173.10
At mid of interior span b3-
90.58 39.25 129.83
b4
At interior support b4 -120.77 -52.33 -173.10
At mid of interior span b4- 90.58 39.25 129.83
b5
At interior support b5
(near B') -144.92 -52.33 -197.26

At mid of interior span b5-

120.77 47.10 167.87
B'
 At end support B' 0.00 0.00 0.00

167.87

Beam Moments Reinforcement

(kN-m) Area (mm2)
At end Support B 0.00 0.00
Near mid of End span B-b1 167.87 798.17

At interior support b1
-197.26 965.80
(near B)
At mid of interior span b1-
129.83 596.56
b2
At interior support b2 -173.10 827.19
At mid of interior span b2-
129.83 596.56
b3
At interior support b3 -173.10 827.19
At mid of interior span b3- 129.83 596.56
b4
At interior support b4 -173.10 827.19
At mid of interior span b4- 129.83 596.56
b5
At interior support b5
-197.26 965.80
(near B')
At mid of interior span b5-
B' 167.87 798.17
At end support B' 0.00 0.00
 aX^2+bX+c
0 a= 36.25

167868439 b= 239250

197255395

129826390
173101853

129826390
173101853

129826390
173101853

129826390

197255395

167868439
0
 Beam Moments Reinforcement
(kN-m) Area (mm2)

At end Support A 167.87 798.17

Near mid of End span A-

167.87 798.17
a1
At mid of interior span
129.83 596.56
a1-a2
At mid of interior span
129.83 596.56
a2-a43
At mid of interior span
129.83 596.56
a3-a4

At end Support A 0.00 0.00

At end support A' 0.00 0.00
At interior support a2 -173.10 827.19
At interior support a3 -173.10 827.19
At interior support a1
(near A) -197.26 965.80

At interior support a4
(near A') -197.26 965.80

R/f for maximum top moment 798.17 mm2

R/f for maximum bottom moment 965.80 mm2
 Beam
Reinforcement
0 Moments
(kN-m) Area (mm2)

At mid of interior span

b5-B' 167.87 798.17

Near mid of End span B-

167.87 798.17
b1
At mid of interior span
129.83 596.56
b1-b2
At mid of interior span
129.83 596.56
b2-b3
At mid of interior span
129.83 596.56
b3-b4
At mid of interior span 129.83 596.56
b4-b5
At end Support B 0.00 0.00
At end support B' 0.00 0.00
At interior support b2 -173.10 827.19
At interior support b3 -173.10 827.19

At interior support b4 -173.10 827.19

At interior support b1
-197.26 965.80
(near B)
At interior support b5
-197.26 965.80
(near B')

R/f for maximum top moment 798.17 mm2

R/f for maximum bottom moment 965.80 mm2
 Panel Description and Moments Value of αx, for ly/lx =
Case No.
Considered: 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3
1 Interior Panels:
-ve moment at continuous edge 0.032 0.037 0.043 0.047
+ve moment at mid-span 0.024 0.028 0.032 0.036
2 One Short Edge Discontinuous:
-ve moment at continuous edge 0.037 0.043 0.048 0.051
+ve moment at mid-span 0.028 0.032 0.036 0.039
3 One Long Edge Continuous:
-ve moment at continuous edge 0.037 0.044 0.052 0.057
+ve moment at mid-span 0.028 0.033 0.039 0.044
4 Two Adjacent Edges Discontinuous:
-ve moment at continuous edge 0.047 0.053 0.060 0.065
+ve moment at mid-span 0.035 0.040 0.045 0.049
5 Two Short Edges Discontinuous:
-ve moment at continuous edge 0.045 0.049 0.052 0.056
+ve moment at mid-span 0.035 0.037 0.040 0.043
6 Two Long Edges Discontinuous:
-ve moment at continuous edge - - - -
+ve moment at mid-span 0.035 0.043 0.051 0.057
7 Three Edges Continuous (Except one
Long Edge):
-ve moment at continuous edge 0.057 0.064 0.071 0.076
+ve moment at mid-span 0.043 0.048 0.053 0.057
Three Edges Continuous (Except One
8 Short Edge):
-ve moment at continuous edge - - - -
+ve moment at mid-span 0.043 0.051 0.059 0.065
9 Four-Edges Discontinuous:
+ve moment at mid-span 0.056 0.064 0.072 0.079

Case No. Value of αx,+v

1.0 1.1 1.2
1 0.024 0.028 0.032
2 0.028 0.032 0.036
3 0.028 0.033 0.039
4 0.035 0.040 0.045
5 0.035 0.037 0.040
6 0.035 0.043 0.051
7 0.043 0.048 0.053
8 0.043 0.051 0.059
9 0.056 0.064 0.072

Case No. 7
Panel Condition: Three Edges Continuous (Except on
ly/lx = 1.25
αx,+ve 0.055
αx,-ve 0.0735
αy,+ve 0.043
αy,-ve -
 Value of αy,
Value of αx, for ly/lx = for all ly/lx
1.4 1.5 1.8 2.0 =
1 Interior Panels:
0.051 0.053 0.060 0.065 0.032 2 One Short Edge Disconti
0.039 0.041 0.045 0.049 0.024 3 One Long Edge Continuo
4 Two Adjacent Edges Dis
0.055 0.057 0.064 0.068 0.037 5 Two Short Edges Discon
0.041 0.044 0.048 0.052 0.028 6 Two Long Edges Discont
7 Three Edges Continuous
0.063 0.067 0.077 0.085 0.037 8 Three Edges Continuous
0.047 0.051 0.059 0.065 0.028 9 Four-Edges Discontinuo

0.071 0.075 0.084 0.091 0.047

0.053 0.056 0.063 0.069 0.035

0.059 0.060 0.065 0.069 0.000

0.044 0.045 0.049 0.052 0.035

- - - - 0.045
0.063 0.068 0.080 0.088 0.035

0.080 0.084 0.091 0.097 -

0.060 0.064 0.069 0.073 0.043

- - - - 0.057
0.071 0.076 0.087 0.096 0.043
0.000
0.085 0.089 0.100 0.107 0.056

Value of αx,+ve for ly/lx = Value of αy,+ve Case No.

1.3 1.4 1.5 1.75 2.0 for all ly/lx 1.0
0.036 0.039 0.041 0.045 0.049 0.024 1 0.032
0.039 0.041 0.044 0.048 0.052 0.028 2 0.037
0.044 0.047 0.051 0.059 0.065 0.028 3 0.037
0.049 0.053 0.056 0.063 0.069 0.035 4 0.047
0.043 0.044 0.045 0.049 0.052 0.035 5 0.045
0.057 0.063 0.068 0.080 0.088 0.035 6 0
0.057 0.060 0.064 0.069 0.073 0.043 7 0.057
0.065 0.071 0.076 0.087 0.096 0.043 8 0
0.079 0.085 0.089 0.100 0.107 0.056 9 0

s Continuous (Except one Long Edge):

Interior Panels:
One Short Edge Discontinuous:
One Long Edge Continuous:
Two Adjacent Edges Discontinuous:
Two Short Edges Discontinuous:
Two Long Edges Discontinuous:
Three Edges Continuous (Except one Long Edge):
Three Edges Continuous (Except One Short Edge):
Four-Edges Discontinuous:

Value of
Value of αx,-ve for ly/lx = αy,-ve for all
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.75 2.0 ly/lx
0.037 0.043 0.047 0.051 0.053 0.060 0.065 0.032
0.043 0.048 0.051 0.055 0.057 0.064 0.068 0.037
0.044 0.052 0.057 0.063 0.067 0.077 0.085 0.037
0.053 0.060 0.065 0.071 0.075 0.084 0.091 0.047
0.049 0.052 0.056 0.059 0.060 0.065 0.069 0.000
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.045
0.064 0.071 0.076 0.080 0.084 0.091 0.097 -
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0