v −u

• Density = mass / volume • a=

t
• S = ut + ½ a t2 • V= u + at
• F = ma • W= mg
total distance moved
• Average speed = • F = K X (Hooks law)
total time taken
• Moment= force X distance from the pivot • Moments clockwise = moments anticlockwise
• Pressure = force / Area = F / A • P = ρhg
work done
• Work = force X distance moved = F . d • Power =
Time taken
• Kinetic energy = ½ m v2 • Potential energy = mgh = weight X height
energy output
• Efficiency = X 100 • Momentum = mass x velocity
energy input
𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑢𝑚 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑠𝑒 ∆𝑝
• Impulse = change in momentum = Δp • Force = = =𝑡
𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
• Law of conservation of Momentum:
Total momentum before collision = total momentum after collision

• Q = m c T
• P1 V1 = P2 V2
• P x t = m c T
• K = OC + 273 •

• Q = n e- • I=Q/t
• V=E/Q • V= I R (Ohms Law)
• P=IV = I2 R = V2 / R • E=IVt = I2 R t = (V2 / R) t

Parallel connection ( 2 resistors) Series connection ( 2 resistors)

Rt = product / sum = (R1 . R2) / (R1 + R2) Rt = R1 + R2
Vt = V1 = V2 Vt = V1 + V2
I = I1 + I2 I = I1 = I2

Transformer
Vin N
Iin Vin = Iout Vout = in
Vout N out

• V=λf • f = 1/ T , T = 1/f
sin angle in air speed of light in air 1
• refractive index = = =
sin angle in medium speed of light in medium sin critical angle
• V=d/t

𝑑 1
• v = H0 d t universe = =
𝑣 𝐻0