@go Jrite n on @gdnk`n ‑ Golik Rndärgz Ertiz

Onank `iag qug ke aedprgk`gdes kn`n `g on sgxunoi`n` ikcnktio si ke ik`njndes

sebrg on sgxunoi`n` `g on duhgr y sebrg on rgonaiñk `g on dn`rg aek su mihe. Vnrtides `g on
pridgrn vivgkain `g sntiscnaaiñk (Crgu`, Vreygate `g Vsiaeoejän pnrn Kgurñoejes). Onank

ebsgrvn qug ‟gstg npnrnte (kgrviese) gs gsgkainodgktg ukn tepeoejän `g on subhgtivi`n`

(…) aekstrui`n sebrg uk erjnkisde— . Aek gstg gsqugdn sg prgtgk`g aeoeanr ikiainodgktg
trgs `idgksiekgs8 go augrpe, go npnrnte psäquiae y go duk`e gxtgrke. Gk `iame ponke sg
quigrg
quigrg ioust
ioustrnr
rnr go pnse
pnse `gs`g
`gs`g ukn tg
tgksi
ksiñk
ñk aerpe
aerperno
rno au
aunk
nkti
titn
tnti
tivn
vn,, mn
mnst
stnn on aunoi
aunoi`n`
`n`
rgprgsgktn`n per go jrite.

Crgu` pnrtg `go mgame `g qug ukn tgksiñk gk`ñjgkn ‑aede nqugoon qug pre`uag on
sgksnaiñk
sgksnaiñk `g mndbrg- sg nauduon gk go augrpe, y kgagsi
kgagsitn
tn `gsanrjn. Gstn tgksiñk pug`g sgr
supridi`n seoe per on vän `g on naaiñk gspgaäcian, gs `gair, ukn naaiñk aeer`ikn`n y gcianz

sebrg on rgnoi`n`, pnrn npnaijunr on tgksiñk

tgksiñk ikiaino, tno aede on aeksgau
aeksgauaiñk
aiñk `go noidgkte e
on prexidi`n` `go ebhgte ndn`e. Vgre go rgaiék knai`e, per su gstn`e `g `gsndpnre
cuk`nd
cuk`ndgk
gktn
tno,
o, gs ik
ikan
anpn
pnzz `g prevea
preveanr
nr per sä di
disde
sde on
onss ae
aek`i
k`iai
aiekg
ekgss `g gstn
gstn na
naai
aiñk
ñk
gspgaäcian. On tgksiñk tedn go andike `g on `gsanrjn ke gspgaäcian (gk prikaipie)8 jrites,
oonkte, jgstiauonaiekgs.

Gsn dnkicgstnaiñk gkijdîtian `go augrpe qug gs go jrite, ntrng on ntgkaiñk y susaitn on
iktgrvgkaiñk `go Etre (N), ukn pgrsekn qug nau`g gk su nyu`n, jgkgrnodgktg on dn`rg y
qug, `iag Crgu`, gs go ebhgte `gsgn`e.

Aek Onank snbgdes qug si etre gs ntrnä`e per go jrite `go kiþe, gs perqug og aekcigrg n
gsg jrite go gstntute `go oondn`e, qug gs go pridgr gstn`e `g on `gdnk`n. Vgre sijuigk`e n
Crgu`, on iktgrvgkaiñk `g gsg Etre, pre`uag on naaiñk gspgaäcian (NG), oe qug argn on
pridgrn gxpgrigkain `g sntiscnaaiñk.

On rgspugstn `g on dn`rg e `go Etre, qug mn iktgrprgtn`e go jrite aede uk oondn`e, gs

on `g rgnoiznr on NG per go ikcnktg. Vgre gsn naaiñk tigkg døotipogs gcgates, yn qug iksaribg
gk go suhgte ukn vän `g cnaioitnaiñk, ukn an`gkn `g mugoons nquä rgprgsgktn`ns per Q > y Q2,
qug Crgu` gk Vreygate `g psiaeoejän, pigksn gk térdikes kgureknogs.
 Onank ebsgrvn qug gsg andike qug sg mern`n gk go suhgte, gsn sgrig `g trnzns `g on
vivgkainn `g sntiscnaaiñk,
vivgkai sntiscnaaiñk, gsg gkan`gkndigkt
gkan`gkndigktee `g mugoons,
mugoons, pug`g nprexidnrsg
nprexidnrsg n ukn an`gkn
sijkicianktg. On trnzn dkédian aekstituyg gktekags, ukn idnjgk `go ebhgte qug preaure on
`gsanrjn Q>, idnjgk per gxagogkain `go ebhgte pgr`i`e pnrn sigdprg. Vgre gstn naaiñk
gspga
gspgaäc
äcia
iann ae
aekst
kstit
ituyg
uyg ij
ijuno
unodg
dgkt
ktgg et
etrn
rn id
idnj
njgk,
gk, on `g oe
oess devi
devidi
digkt
gktes
es rg
rgco
cogh
ghes
es qug
qug
naedpnþnrek on `gsanrjn Q2, idnjgk nseain`n no Etre `go qug pnrgaiñ prevgkir. Go aekhukte
rgprgsgktn go dgankisde `g on puosiñk gk go kiþe.

Aunk`e, kugvndgktg, npnrgag nauduon`n ukn kugvn ankti`n` gk`ñjgkn, oondn`n per
Crgu` gstn`e `g `gsge (`). Qg prevean gktekags, go `ispnre `g ukn deaiñk psäquian, qug
tigk`g nutedîtiandgktg n ikvgstir ons mugoons dkédians (Q >, Q2) `g gsn pgragpaiñk, qug gs
rgaekstrui`n `g ukn dnkgrn nouaiknterin pgre qug ke noankznrî hndîs on aunoi`n` `g on
situnaiñk pridgrn `g sntiscnaaiñk. Go suhgte tgk`grî n rganrjnr gstns mugoons y preveanrî ukn
nouaiknaiñk gk go oujnr y gk on nusgkain `go Etre. @iamn nouaiknaiñk sgrî tnkte `g on idnjgk
`g gsg Etre aede `g on sntiscnaaiñk
sntiscnaaiñk rgno `g sus `gsges. Gste gs uk devid
devidigkte
igkte iktgrgsnktg,
iktgrgsnktg,
pugste qug nktgs go Etre grn gxtgrier no suhgte, nmern no sgr nouaikn`e, sg trntn `go Etre
iktgrierizn`e per ukn vän idnjiknrin.

Gstns nouaiknaiekgs
nouaiknaiekgs `gsgkan`g
`gsgkan`gknk
knk uk preagse `g `gsanrjn pridnrin qug aek`uag n on
crustrnaiñk, n anusn `go gstn`e `g cnotn qug rgsuotn `g on nusgkain `g sntiscnaaiñk rgno. On
crustrnaiñk
crustrnaiñk previgkg `go Etre nouaikn`e,
nouaikn`e, per aunkte ke preaurn ukn vgr`n`grn sntiscnaai
sntiscnaaiñk,
ñk,
per tno rnzñk sg aekvgrtirî gk ukn vän qug aek`uag go suhgte mnain go rgaekeaidigkte `g on
rgnoi`n` gxtgrier.

Rgciriék`esg n on sntiscnaaiñk nouaiknterin `go `gsge, Onank ebsgrvn qug go `gsge ke

pug`g iktre`uairsg nquä sike `g ukn dnkgrn duy prebogdîtian. Éo sg prgjuktn qué gs go
`gsge aunk`e gs go deter `g on nouaiknaiñk, `g on iousiñk `g ukn sntiscnaaiñk, qug gs
hustndgktg oe aektrnrie `g ukn sntiscnaaiñk, n snbgr, ukn crustrnaiñk. Onank aekcigrg,
gktekags, no aekagpte `g `gsge ukn `gcikiaiñk cukaiekno, `iag8

On tgksiñk pugstn gk hugje per uk aiaoe `g rgnoiznaiñk aedpertndgktno,

sgn auno sgn, iksaribg gk go aiaoe bieoñjiae go `gsge aede ygk`e n on
sntiscnaaiñk rgno< si go `gsge tigk`g n on sntiscnaaiñk nouaiknterin gs
gktekags qug mny nooä etre rgjistre. Mny nooä uk er`gk, qug ke vn n
 kikjukn ebhgtivi`n`, sike qug `gcikg per sä disde go rgjistre `g oe
idnjiknrie.

Vgre on pridgrn dnran qug qug`n `gspués `g on naaiñk gspgaäcian, aeksi`grn`n aede
on dnran `g on n`disiñk `go suhgte gk go sijkicianktg, gk sä disdn ke gs uk sijkicianktg. On
rganrjn `g gstn supugstn an`gkn ke aek`uag n on aedukianaiñk, sike n on nouaiknaiñk. Qi
pnrtides `g on aeksi`grnaiñk étian `go kiþe aede suhgte, ikaouse nktgs `g su knaidigkte, gs
perqug gsn subhgtivi`n` og vigkg
v igkg `gs`g qug gs mnb
mnbon`e
on`e gk go `isaurse `g oes pn`rgs. Gste kes
noghn `g on cgkedgkeoejän cîaio qug mnrän pgksnr go ikjrgse `go suhgte no ogkjunhg n pnrtir `go
dedgkte qug mnbon.

Nquä prgtgk`gdes ioustrnr go dedgkte oñjiae gk qug go kiþe sgrän ikdgrse gk go

ukivgrs
ukivgrsee oikjÿä
oikjÿästi
stiae.
ae. Ded
Dedgkt
gkte,
e, pnrn kes
kesetr
etres
es pogke
pogke `g aeksgau
aeksgaugkai
gkains,
ns, per aun
aunkte
kte,, si
sgjuides on `gcikiaiñk onankinkn `g ikaeksaigktg aede go `isaurse `go Etre, gs tndbiék go
dedgkte gk go qug go suhgte aekstruyg su ikaeksaigktg aek ons pnonbrns `go Etre.

Wkn ogaturn n pnrtir `g on sgjuk`n pnrtg `g on gksgþnkzn `g Onank pgrditg qug go Q > y
go Q2 sg aeoequgk gk go airauite `go jrite n on `gdnk`n, digktrns qug ons trnzns `g on pridgrn
gxpgrigkain
gxpgrigkain `g sntiscnaaiñk
sntiscnaaiñk pe`gdes nprexidnrons
nprexidnrons no rnsje uknrie. Gs `gair, `g ukn mugoon,
mugoon,
uk Q> qug, sik gdbnrje, ke tigkg vnoer `g sijkicianktg qug pug`n gkan`gknrsg aek etre Q 2,
`g dnkgrn `inoéatian, sike qug qug`n aede nison`e, økiae, mugoon `go pridgr gkaugktre aek
go sijkicianktg y qug aekoogvn uk pous, uk rgste, qug ougje aebrnrî vnoer, perqug pgrditirî
iktre`uair go jeag.

Go rnsje uknrie gs tndbiék ukn dnran `g jeag. Mny uk väkauoe gstruaturno gktrg go
rnsje uknrie y go ebhgte `g nder, qug rgonaiekn ons iksijkins `g on i`gkticianaiñk n on
`gdnk`n `go Etre y on gogaaiñk `g ebhgte. I`gkticianaiñk sijkicianktg, µPedn`n `g `ñk`g5,
Onank `gcikg gstn rgonaiñk nsä8

Pedgdes seondgktg uk sijkicianktg aede iksijkin `g edkipetgkain, oe

qug
qug quig
quigrg
rg `gai
`gairr `g gsg
gsg pe`g
pe`grr gk petg
petgka
kain
in,, gs
gsgg kn
knai
aidi
digk
gkte
te `g on
pesibioi`n` y tgk`rîk go rnsje uknrie qug, `g aeodnr on dnkgrn ikvisibog
qug
qug go suh
suhgt
gtee ebt
ebtigkg
igkg go si
sijk
jkiici
cian
ankt
ktg,
g, no
noiigk
gknn n gs
gsgg su
suhhgt
gtee gk on
i`gkticianaiñk pridgrn qug cerdn go i`gno `go ye.