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- nl Bidtnl B idt=nl Bq
This change in momentum causes a rotation of the coil about
the axis of suspension.
The moment of momentum (or angular nomntun)
=nlBq.b=nBAq
where A is the area of the coilth
The moment of moment um or igular momentun1 is iven
hy L. where I is the monent ot iLertla ad u the angular veloeity.
lw=nBAq
246
Magnetishe lectricily
Due tothe angular velocity the coil possesBes a kinetie energy
Iu? and is brought to rest by performing work in twisting the
suspension wire. Ifc is the restoring couple per unit angular twist,
then
Couple for a twist =c8
and work done for a further small deflection da
=c0.do,
Total work done in twisting the suspension wire from 0
to 8.
- co.doch2
where is the deflection of the coil when whole of the kinetic energy
has been used up in producing the twist.
T=2r
T'c
or I=:412 (isi)
Multiplying (ii) and (i1), we have
c2T22
Ia=
42
cTO
or Iw= ..(i)
Comparing (') and (iv), we have
cT9
nABq=- 2r
cT C
or 2nAB 2T nAB ...(v)
C
The quantity nAB
is known as the current sensitivity and the
quantity 27 nAB
is known as the charge sensitivity of the ballis
tic galvanometer.
Chargesensitivity 2T
- ourrent sensitivity
F=
ilB
where c is the velocity of light.
per unit
treatment we have used c as restoring couple light.
In the above becanfused with velocity of
angular twist. It should not
condenser charged to2 volts is discharged
t Q.710. A galvanometer, when the corrected deflec.
amp.
through a ballistic current sensitivity is22x
10-
the
tion is 9-6 cms and the seeonds. Calculate
periodic time is 12
per cm and the condenser. (P.U. 1956, L.U. 1950)
capacity of the current
ordinary moving coil gavanometer, the
Ans. For an
in &mperes
nAB
their usual meanings and are measured
have
where c, n, A, B and 0
in S.I units
=1,
For
i= nAB
as the
current sensilvvity and is deined
the
This neasuresproduce detlection.
to a unit
current required galvaometer, the charge
in coul.
ballistic
For a nOving coil
units
ombs in 8.I
(2rnAB)
248
Magnetism and Electricity
For 0=l
2T
This measures the charge sensitivity and is defined as the
required to produce a unit deflection charge
Here current sensitivity i=22x 10-8
amp/cm=2:2x 10-6
amp/metre
Time period T=12 se conds
Corrected de flection 9=-9°6 cms=0"96 met
=..=d,
where the constant d is
defined asthe ratio of two called the decrement of the swing and is
and the other to the left. successive deflection8, one to the right
If
d=ed
then
A=log. d
Here A is known as the
logarithmic decrement.
Damping correction. and
of the coil is simple When there is no damping, the motion
harmonic
tion of a point P moving in a circlecan bea represented by the projec
on fixed straight line, say AB.
In this case the amplitude of suc
cessive oscillations will be 0A, 0B, OA,
etc.
as Ais 8mall and its squares and higher powers can be negleeted.
250
Magnetism and Electricity Fiel
10),
O11
10 loge 11
or
=06(1+02028)=06122radian
Number of turns n=600
Intensity of magnetic field (HPU. 198
B=200 oersteds
Mean length of the coil l=6 cms.
(6) Ex
Mean breadth of the coil b=17 cMs.
Mass of the coil m-7 gms. determine
Now
4r²1
Or
Fields of Churges in Motion
251
The charge flowing through the ballistic galvanometer
cT
q= 2rnAB 1+)
4T?I T 2T
2TrnAB nAB
2xX7x17x1:7x 06122
5x12x 600 x6xl:7x200
=1059 x 10-7 e.m. unit =1059 x 10-6 coulomb.
Potential difference across the condenser
V=2 volts
1:059 x 10-6
Capacity C=+ 2
=5295 x10-6 farad
5295 microfarad.
Note. In the above problem all the data is in C.G.S. units.
The value of charge is, therefore obtained in e.m.u. converting all
the quantities into S.I. before solving the problem will be more
complicated. To get the harge in coulomb, remember
Coulomb=l/]0 e.m.u. of charge.
Q.712 (a). Show that if the magnetic induction field B
is not afunction of time.
4c
xB= Jand .B-0
(H.P.U. 1986, Kurukshetra 1985, 84: G.N.D.U. 1986, 19S5;
P.U. 1987)
(0) Explain why the above relation is not sufti cient to
determine B at a point even if J is known at this point.
(H.P.U. 1986)
Ans. (a) Curl of a magnetic field xB. Ampere's line
integral theorem states that the line integral of the magnetic feld
B alona a closed curve is equal to times the total current enclosed
C
by the curve.
4T
1 (in CGS. gaussial uuits) ...()
62
Magnetinn nd Mletriodty
IT Jin the yolune oreut lesnty whieh vntien tom plaoe t
plaoe but in conntunt in lime, the
-|
whore d in n nmal voetor eloment of nurfaco
ron nd Sin the whoe srlaco boundod by
closed path C.
Subatituting in (i), we huvo
...(u)
...w)
4: ,
When the point lies outside the lonp When the point lie
outeicies the eurrent.l p e , wIieri the lie ntegral toes hot encose