DESIGN OF METALLIC STRUCTURES

WELDED CONNECTIONS

DR. AHMED MAHMOUD KHALIFA

EMAIL : KHALIFA2030@ALEXU.EDU.EG
2021-2022 1
EXAMPLES ON WELDED CONNECTIONS:

DESIGN OF METALLIC STRUCTURES – DR.AHMED MAHMOUD KHALIFA 2

 WELDED CONNECTIONS:

 TYPES OF WELD:
1. Butt weld
2. Fillet weld

1) BUTT WELD ( ‫) اللحام التقابلي‬: (Egyptian code for practice for steel construction (LRFD) table(9.3) P.(9-7),(9-8))

DESIGN OF METALLIC STRUCTURES – DR.AHMED MAHMOUD KHALIFA 3

 WELDED CONNECTIONS:

2) FILLET WELD ( ‫) اللحام التعامدي‬:

DESIGN OF METALLIC STRUCTURES – DR.AHMED MAHMOUD KHALIFA 4

 WELDED CONNECTIONS (FILLET WELD):

DESIGN OF FILLET WELD: (Egyptian code for practice for steel construction (LRFD) P.(9-21),(9-22))
Maximum=tmin.
∅R uw= 0.7 Sw Lw (0.4Fu )
Sw
Where,
Lw: length of weld. Minimum=5 mm

Sw: size of weld. Maximum=70*Sw

∅: shear, tension or compression resistance weld reduction
Lw
factor (∅ = 0.7).
Ruw: shear, tension or compression nominal weld strength Minimum=50 mm

per unit length, ton/cm.

Fu: ultimate tensile strength of the base metal, ton/cm2 tmin.: the smallest connected thickness.

for Hybrid sections Fu is the smaller ultimate strength ( )

for the connected elements.

DESIGN OF METALLIC STRUCTURES – DR.AHMED MAHMOUD KHALIFA 5

 EXAMPLE:
-St.37
(given ultimate force)
It’s required to design the fillet weld of given connection.

SOLUTION:
Maximum= tmin.= 8 mm

Sw

Minimum= 5 mm

Assume Sw= 5 mm= 0.5 cm

∅R uw= 0.7 ∗ S ∗ Lw ∗ (0.4Fu )

15 ton = 0.7*0.5*0.4*3.7*2Lw ( ‫د طي‬ )

∴ Lw = 14.47 cm Maximum= 70*Sw =70(0.5) = 35 cm

∴ Lwf = Lw+2Sw =14.47+2(0.5)=15.47 cm=20 cm (5~35 cm) …Ok Lw

Minimum= 5 cm
DESIGN OF METALLIC STRUCTURES – DR.AHMED MAHMOUD KHALIFA 6
 WELDED CONNECTIONS (FILLET WELD):

DESIGN OF FILLET WELD: (Egyptian code for practice for steel construction (LRFD) P.(9-18))
NOTE: Maximum=tmin.

IF SW= SW(max) & LW > 70SW Sw

Minimum=5 mm

Maximum=70*Sw
Lw. effective=𝛽*Lw. actual ( ‫غ‬ ‫ك‬ )
Lw
TO CALCULATE REDUCTION FACTOR (𝜷):
Minimum=50 mm
0.2 Lw
𝛽 = 1.2 −
70 Sw

DESIGN OF METALLIC STRUCTURES – DR.AHMED MAHMOUD KHALIFA 7

 EXAMPLE:
-St.37
(given ultimate force)
It’s required to design the fillet weld of given connection.

SOLUTION:
∅R uw= 0.7 Sw Lw (0.4Fu ) Maximum= tmin.= 8 mm

120 ton = 0.7*0.8*0.4*3.7*2Lw ( ‫د طي‬ ) Sw

∴ Lw = 72.4 cm > 56 cm …Not ok Minimum= 5 mm

0.2 Lw 0.2 ∗ 72.4 Assume Sw = 8 mm = 0.8 cm

𝛽 = 1.2 − = 1.2 − = 0.941
70 Sw 70 ∗ 0.8
Maximum=70*Sw = 70(0.8) = 56 cm
Lw.effective = β ∗ Lw.actual=0.941* Lw.actual
Lw
120 ton =0.7*0.8*0.4*3.7*2(0.941*Lw.actual)
Minimum= 5 cm
∴ Lw.actual = 76.9 cm

∴ Lw.final= Lw.actual+2Sw =76.9+2(0.8)=78.5 cm=80 cm

DESIGN OF METALLIC STRUCTURES – DR.AHMED MAHMOUD KHALIFA 8

 WELDED CONNECTIONS (FILLET WELD):

DESIGN OF FILLET WELD:

FOR TRUSS MEMBERS:
a) SINGLE ANGLE
a−e e
F1=F* , F2=F* = F − F1
a a

F1=0.7*Sw1*0.4*Fu*Lw1

F2=0.7*Sw2*0.4*Fu*Lw2

b) TWO ANGLES BACK TO BACK

a−e
F1=F*
a
e
F2=F* = F − F1
a

F1=0.7*Sw1*0.4*Fu*2Lw1 ( ‫د طي‬ )

F2=0.7*Sw2*0.4*Fu*2Lw2 ( ‫د طي‬ )
DESIGN OF METALLIC STRUCTURES – DR.AHMED MAHMOUD KHALIFA 9
 WELDED CONNECTIONS (INTERMITTENT FILLET WELD):

INTERMITTENT FILLET WELD ( ‫( اللحام المتقطع‬

‫ط‬ ‫ط‬ ‫ط‬ )1

‫ك‬ ‫د‬ )2

DESIGN OF METALLIC STRUCTURES – DR.AHMED MAHMOUD KHALIFA 10

 WELDED CONNECTIONS (INTERMITTENT FILLET WELD):

INTERMITTENT WELDING CONDITIONS ( ‫(شروط اللحام المتقطع‬:

(Egyptian code for practice for steel construction (LRFD) P.(9-20))

(16 tmin ≤ 200 mm) Tension

1) L1 ≤

(12 tmin ≤ 200 mm) Compression

2)Lo ≥ 0.75 a

3) Lo ≥ Lw. required

DESIGN OF METALLIC STRUCTURES – DR.AHMED MAHMOUD KHALIFA 11

EXAMPLE:

-St.37
-TG.P=10 mm
-Continuous joint
(given ultimate force)

It’s required to design and draw to scale 1:10 the welded

connection.

DESIGN OF METALLIC STRUCTURES – DR.AHMED MAHMOUD KHALIFA 12

SOLUTION:
FOR L1 (2L70x70x7): Maximum=tmin.=10 mm
F= 20−10 = 10 ton (continuous joint)
Sw
a−e
F1=F* =10*((7−1.97)/7) = 7.18 ton Minimum=5 mm
a

F2=F−F1=10−7.18=2.82 ton Assume Sw= 5 mm=0.5 cm

F1=0.7*Sw1*0.4*Fu*2Lw1 Maximum=70*Sw = 70(0.5) = 35 cm

7.18=0.7*0.5*0.4*3.7*2Lw1 Lw

∴ Lw.1 = 6.93 cm Minimum=5 cm

Lw.f.1 = Lw.1 +2Sw=6.93+2(0.5)=7.93 cm =10 cm (5~35 cm) …ok

F2=0.7*Sw2*0.4*Fu*2Lw2

2.82=0.7*0.5*0.4*3.7*2Lw2

∴ Lw.2 = 2.72 cm

Lw.f.2 = Lw.2 +2Sw=2.72+2(0.5)=3.72 cm =5 cm (5~35 cm) …ok

DESIGN OF METALLIC STRUCTURES – DR.AHMED MAHMOUD KHALIFA 13

SOLUTION:
FOR D1=12 ton (2L70x70x7): Maximum=tmin.=10 mm
F=12 ton
Sw
a−e
F1=F* =12*((7−1.97)/7)=8.62 ton Minimum=5 mm
a

F2=F−F1=12−8.62=3.38 ton Assume Sw= 5 mm=0.5 cm

F1=0.7*Sw1*0.4*Fu*2Lw1 Maximum=70*Sw = 70(0.5) = 35 cm

8.62=0.7*0.5*0.4*3.7*2Lw1 Lw

∴ Lw.1 = 8.32 cm Minimum=5 cm

Lw.f.1 = Lw.1 +2Sw=8.32+2(0.5)=9.32 cm =10 cm (5~35 cm) …ok

F2=0.7*Sw2*0.4*Fu*2Lw2

3.38=0.7*0.5*0.4*3.7*2Lw2

∴ Lw.2 = 3.26 cm

Lw.f.2 = Lw.2 +2Sw=3.26+2(0.5)=4.26 cm =5 cm (5~35 cm) …ok

DESIGN OF METALLIC STRUCTURES – DR.AHMED MAHMOUD KHALIFA 14

SOLUTION:
FOR V1=3 ton (L60x60x6): Maximum= tmin.= 6 mm

F=3 ton Sw
a−e Minimum= 5 mm
F1=F* = 3*((6−1.69)/6) = 2.155 ton
a
F2=F−F1= 3−2.155 = 0.845 ton Assume Sw= 5 mm= 0.5 cm

F1=0.7*Sw1*0.4*Fu*Lw1 Maximum= 70*Sw = 70(0.5) =35 cm

2.155=0.7*0.5*0.4*3.7*Lw1 Lw

∴ Lw.1 = 4.16 cm Minimum=5 cm

Lw.f.1 = Lw.1 +2Sw=4.16+2(0.5)=5.16 cm =10 cm (5~35 cm) …ok

F2=0.7*Sw2*0.4*Fu*Lw2

0.845=0.7*0.5*0.4*3.7*Lw2

∴ Lw.2 = 1.63 cm

Lw.f.2 = Lw.2 +2Sw=1.63+2(0.5)=2.63 cm =5 cm (5~35 cm) …ok

DESIGN OF METALLIC STRUCTURES – DR.AHMED MAHMOUD KHALIFA 15

 SOLUTION:
(16 tmin ≤ 200 mm) Tension

1) L1 ≤

(12 tmin ≤ 200 mm) Compression

2)Lo ≥ 0.75 a

3) Lo ≥ Lw. required

L1 ≤ 16 tmin=16*1=16 cm < 20 cm

L1 ≤ 12 tmin=12*1=12 cm < 20 cm

0.75 a =0.75*7=5.25 cm

∴ take Lo= 10 cm

Lo =2*10 = 20cm > (10 cm , 5 cm) …ok

DESIGN OF METALLIC STRUCTURES – DR.AHMED MAHMOUD KHALIFA 16

 THANK YOU

DESIGN OF METALLIC STRUCTURES – DR.AHMED MAHMOUD KHALIFA 17