HYDROCARBONS

for SCIENCE Grade 9

Quarter 2/Week 5

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 FOREWORD

This Self-learning Kit serves as an alternative learning material

that discusses the uses, structures and properties of common organic
compounds such as hydrocarbons.
This is also designed to explain how the structure of carbon
atom affects the types of bonds it forms.
The learner is expected to know the proper uses of these
materials in their household.

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 OBJECTIVES

A: Recognize the importance of hydrocarbons in our

daily activities.

LEARNING COMPTENCY
Recognize the general classes and uses of organic compounds.
S9MT - IIh - 18

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Pre-Activity/Pretest
Directions: Write your answer in your notebook.
A. Put a checkmark that indicates the family to which the hydrocarbons belong.

Alkane Alkene Alkyne

Methane
Ethene
Propyne
Butane
Ethane

B. Multiple choice. Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which hydrocarbon compound has a double bond in the molecule?
A. Octane B. Methane C. Ethene D. Ethyne
2. How many types of bonds are present in this hydrocarbon
compound?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

3. Which alkane will most likely have a high boiling point?

A. Propane B. Pentane C. Butane D. Hexane

4. Which hydrocarbon is commonly used as fuel for LPG (liquefied petroleum gas)?

A. Methane B. Pentane C. Hexane D. Octane

5. Which group of hydrocarbon does the molecule with the structure below
belong? A. Alkane
B. Alkyne
C. Alkene
D. All of the above

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 Methane Ethane

CH4 CH3CH3

Propane Butane

CH3CH2CH3 CH3CH2CH2CH3

1.What type of bond is present in

alkanes? Single, double, or triple?

decreasing?

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Alkenes

Ethene Propene

CH2=CH2 CH2=CHCH3

1-Butene

CH2=CHCH2CH3

decreasing?

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Alkynes

Ethyne

CH≡CH

Propyne

CH3－C≡CH

2- Butyne

CH3C≡CCH3

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Activity 2 WHAT ARE MY PROPERTIES?
Study the table of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes and answer the guide questions.

Alkane
Name Phase Boiling Point (oC) 1. What pattern do you
observe in terms of
Methane Gas -162
phase? Gas to liquid or
Ethane Gas -89 liquid to gas?
2. What pattern do you
Propane Gas -42
observe in terms of
Butane Gas -0.5
boiling point? Increasing
Pentane Liquid 36 or decreasing?
3. What do you think is the
Hexane Liquid 69
boiling point of the
Heptane Liquid 98 next alkane? Higher
or lower?
Octane Liquid 126

1. What pattern do you

Alkene
observe in terms of
phase? Gas to liquid or
Name Phase Boiling
Point (oC) liquid to gas?
Ehene Gas -104 2. What pattern do you

Propene Gas -47 observe in terms of

1-Butene Gas -6 boiling point? Increasing
1-Pentene Liquid 30 or decreasing?
1-hexene Liquid 63 3. What do you think is
the boiling point of the
next alkene? Higher or
lower?

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 1.What pattern do you observe in
Alkyne terms of phase? Gas to liquid or
Boiling
liquid to gas?
Name Phase Point (°C)
2. What pattern do you observe
Ethyne Gas -84
Propyne Gas -47 in terms of boiling point?
2-Butyne Gas 8.08 Increasing or decreasing?
Pentyne Liquid 40.2 3. What do you think is the
boiling point of the next
alkyne? Higher or lower?

Discussion
• A carbon atom can form bonds with other carbon atoms or with the atoms of
other elements. When it bonds with hydrogen (H) it forms compound called
hydrocarbon.
• There are three families of hydrocarbon the alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes.
• Alkanes have single bonds between carbon atoms (C - C). Alkenes have at least one
double bond between carbon atoms (C = C) in the compounds. Alkynes have at
least one triple bond between carbon atoms (C = C) in the compounds.
• The physical state of the alkanes from methane to butane is gas and from pentane
to octane is liquid. The reason for this is related to the structure of the compounds. If
the molecule of the compound is small, it interacts less with others just like methane, it
is likely to be a gaseous compound. When the molecules become bigger in size or
structure, they can closely interact with each other, and they will become more
likely to be liquid just like in octane. The trend in the phase of compound is also the
same with alkenes and alkynes.
• The trend in the structures of the compounds in alkanes, alkenes and alkynes is the
same. The size of the structures of the compounds is increasing because the
compounds become bigger and longer.
• The trend in boiling point of the compounds in alkanes, alkenes and alkynes is also in
increasing pattern. This is because of the structures. As the structures of the
compound become bigger, they also interact more with each other. Bigger
molecules that interact with each other more strongly require high temperature to
evaporate. This is why they have a higher boiling point.
• Common examples of gaseous hydrocarbon compound are methane, butane,
propene, and ethyne (acetylene). Methane gas is most common hydrocarbon. It is
used as fuel for cigarette lighters and LPG.

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 LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) lighter
https://www.palengkeboy.com/public/img/products/829/829-1-500x500.jpg https://d1ycl3zewbvuig.cloudfront.net/images/products/11/LN_583630_BP_11.jpg

Acetylene
https://www.garagetooladvisor.com/wp-content/uploads/oxy-acetylene-welding.jpg

Gasoline
https://www.healthline.com/hlcmsresource/images/imce/gasoline_thumb.jpg

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POST TEST
Directions: Choose the letter that corresponds to your answer. Write your
answer in your notebook.
1. Leonrey’s grandmother was cooking their supper when she suddenly
stopped and said, “Oh, the tank is already empty!” Then her grandmother
asked him to buy another tank. What did Leonrey’s grandmother asked him
to buy?
a. gasoline c. lubricating oil
b. water d. liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
2. Which hydrocarbon compound has a double bond in the molecule?
a. Ethane c. propene
b. methane d. propyne
3. Methane is a component of natural gas. What is the common use of
methane?
a. Disinfectant c. fuel
b. medicine d. cleaning agent
4. What happens to the boiling point of hydrocarbon compounds when the
number of carbon atoms increases?
a. Remains the same
b. decreases
c. increases
d. increases then decreases
5. To which group of hydrocarbon does the molecule with the structure
H－C≡C－H belong?
a. Alkane c. alkene
b. alkyne d. none of the above

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REFERENCES
https://www.palengkeboy.com/public/img/products/829/829-1-500x500.jpg
https://d1ycl3zewbvuig.cloudfront.net/images/products/11/LN_583630_BP_11.jpg
https://www.garagetooladvisor.com/wp-content/uploads/oxy-acetylene-welding.jpg
https://www.healthline.com/hlcmsresource/images/imce/gasoline_thumb.jpg

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 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF NEGROS ORIENTAL

SENEN PRISCILLO P. PAULIN, CESO V

Schools Division Superintendent

JOELYZA M. ARCILLA EdD

OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

MARCELO K. PALISPIS EdD JD

OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

NILITA L. RAGAY EdD

OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent/CID Chief

ROSELA R. ABIERA
Education Program Supervisor – (LRMDS)

ARNOLD R. JUNGCO
PSDS – Division Science Coordinator

MARICEL S. RASID
Librarian II (LRMDS)

ELMAR L. CABRERA
PDO II (LRMDS)

SEGUNDINO B. DELES, JR.

Writer
LEONREY L. VAILOCES/ALLAN Z. ALBERTO
Illustrators/Lay-out Artists

ALPHA QA TEAM
ALLAN Z. ALBERTO MANASSES V. JABALDE
SEGUNDINO B. DELES, JR. VERONICA A. RECTO

BETA QA TEAM
ZENAIDA A. ACADEMIA RANJEL D. ESTIMAR
ALLAN Z. ALBERTO MARIA SALOME B. GOMEZ
EUFRATES G. ANSOK JR. JUSTIN PAUL ARSENIO C. KINAMOT
DORIN FAYE D. CADAYDAY ARJIE T. PALUMPA
MERCY G. DAGOY LESTER C. PABALINAS
ROWENA R. DINOKOT

DISCLAIMER
The information, activities and assessments used in this material are designed
to provide accessible learning modality to the teachers and learners of the Division
of Negros Oriental. The contents of this module are carefully researched, chosen,
and evaluated to comply with the set learning competencies. The writers and
evaluator were clearly instructed to give credits to information and illustrations used
to substantiate this material. All content is subject to copyright and may not be
reproduced in any form without expressed written consent from the division.

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 ANSWER KEY
SYNOPSIS AND ABOUT THE AUTHOR 4. C 2. C
5. B 3. C 1. D

This self-learning kit is designed to explain Post Test

how the structure of carbon atom affects the 3. Higher

2. Increasing
types of bonds it forms. 1. Gas to liquid
Alkane/Alkenes/Alkyne
Activity 2

The learner is expected to know the 2. Increasing

proper uses of these materials in their

1. Triple
Alkynes

household.
2. Increasing
1. Double
Alkenes
2. Increasing

Thank you for exploring this self-learning

1. Single
Alkanes

kit. We, the writers hope that this kit would

Activity 1

be of great help to you and you could apply

4. A 2. B
5. A 3. D 1. C

the knowledge that you learned in your

Multiple Choice

daily life activities. alkane

Alkane
ethane
butane
Alkyne propyne
alkene ethene
Alkane methane
Pre-Test

Our author is SEGUNDINO B. DELES, JR.

He’s a Master Teacher of Demetrio L. Alviola
National High School and currently is the District
Science Coordinator of Bindoy II District.

This Self-Learning Kit has been designed by

LEONREY L. VAILOCES. A secondary Science teacher of
Demetrio L. Alviola National High School.

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