Group3 Sapphire

CASTOR Z.
CONCEPCION MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

“A Happy School Sustaining Excellence”
Antonino, Balaoan, La Union
Riding the Waves of Change: Exploring the Students’

Journey through AM/PM Class Shift
A Research Paper
Presented to the Faculty of the
Castor Z. Concepcion Memorial National High School
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements in the Subject
Practical Research I
Alinagan, John Anthony

Almazan, Julie Ann
Banasan, Eduardo
Cayabyab, Kanhela Llanes
Galera, Richiepol
Galo, Venice
Orfiano, Cristel Joe
Raquedan, Ralph Vincent
RESEARCHERS
Mr.Nomer Pacilan Jr
Research Adviser
June 2023
CASTOR Z. CONCEPCION MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
APPROVAL SHEET
Approved by the evaluation Committee as PASSED during the Oral
Defense on June 2023.
Edryn Roy C. SY Princess O. De Villa Roselily R.
Navidad
Member Chairman Member
Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements in Practical
Research I.
Nomer A. Pacilan Jr.
Practical Research I Adviser

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Conducting a qualitative research study is not an easy task. This
study would not have been possible without the help and support of many
people. Thus, the researchers take this opportunity to express their warmest
gratitude to the following people who made a great help and contribution in
the completion of this study.
First and for most, the researchers would like to thank the Almighty
God for giving them strength, patience, enough knowledge, courage,
blessings and good health. All things are made possible because of Him.
Second, great thanks to the principal, Mr. Joel B. Nava, for allowing
the researchers to conduct their study at school.
Also, sincere thanks to their Practical Research I teacher, Mr. Nomer
Pacilan Jr., for her continuous and tireless guidance and unending support
and for exposing the researchers to the world of research.
The researchers would also like to give their sincerest thanks to Mrs.
Yolanda A. Zabala and to all their other subject teachers for the knowledge
they have shared in their study and to the members of the panel for sharing
their time and knowledge.
They also would like to thank their family and friends who always
stayed there to support them in their works and for giving ideas which were
helpful to their study.

DEDICATION
They are the one who provide the resources that needed in the making
of this study. It also dedicated the teachers who are behind in making this
research possible through guiding the researcher to complete this study.
The researchers would also like to dedicate this study to the students that
may need in help in AM/PM class shift. Also, this study is also dedicated to
the school who gives opportunity the researchers to nurture, test their
skills, and cooperation to build this study. This humble work is sincerely
dedicated to all the researchers’ families, friends, classmates, schoolmates,
loved ones, future researchers, Senior High School faculty, Castor Z.
Concepcion Memorial National High School and above all, to Almighty God.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents
Pages
Title Page…………………………………………………………………………………… i
Approval Sheet……………………………………………………………………………ii
Acknowledgement………………………………………………………………………. iii
Dedication…………………………………………………………………………………iv
Table of contents…………………………………………………………………………. v
Chapter I. Introduction…………………………………………………................7
Situational Analysis……………………………………………………. 7
Statement of the Problem……………………………………………... 8
Significance of the Study………………………………………………. 9
Definition of Terms……………………………………………………….9
Chapter II.Methodology…………………………………………………………11
Research Design………………………………………………………… 11
Population……………………………………………………………….12
Locale of the Study……………………………………………………13
Data Gathering Procedure……………………………………………13
Data Gathering Tool…………………………………………………14.

Ethical Considerations………………………………………………14
Data analysis……………………………………………………………15
Chapter III. Results and Discussion……………………………………………16
Chapter IV. Summary, Findings and Recommendations…………………29
Summary………………………………………………………….............29
Findings……………………………………………………………………30
Conclusions………………………………………………………………31
Recommendations………………………………………………………32
Bibliography…………………………………………………………………………….33
Appendices………………………………………………………………………………34
Appendix A: Letter to the Principal…………………………………36
Appendix B: Letter to the Respondents……………………………37
Appendix C: Interview Guide ………………………………………38
Appendix D: Informed Consent Form ……………………………39
Curriculum Vitae……………………………………………………...40
Documentation…………………………………………………………48
Chapter I
INTRODUCTION
Situational Analysis
The Double-shift Schedule System is a system where schools operate in
two shifts or sessions, with different sets of students attending schools at
different times of the day. This system was implemented in several
countries, including the Philippines, to address the challenge of insufficient
classrooms and the increasing population of students.
The Department of Education (2012) stated that, with the annual
enrollment in the Philippines, the containing budget constraints and school
building challenge, the problem about insufficient classrooms persists. As
specified on DepEd or the Department of Education order (DO) no.62,
series(s). 2004 further reiterated in (DO) no. 54.s. 2008, as a way of
addressing shortage and refusing class size in the public schools, double-
shifting policy becomes a systematic measure. However, all schools’
divisions are directed to adapt implementation of a single shift class for
those with available resources.
This kind of school system is implemented to reduce the overcrowding
of the students due to overpopulation and lack of facilities. In Philippines,
some school especially in Manila, have already adapted this practice to
increase the number of the students that can be taught without establishing
another building. According to Uy (2017), out of 780 public schools in Metro

Manila, 75% of elementary schools and 69% of high schools continue to
adopt double-shift class to ease the shortage in classrooms.
The implementation of the k-12 education system in the Philippines
brought about changes in the educational landscape, particularly in the
senior high school level. One of the significant changes is the adoption of
AM/PM classroom shifts, which require senior high school students to
attend classes either in the morning or in the afternoon, depending on their
assigned schedules.
In Balaoan La Union, senior high school students also experience
AM/PM classroom shifts. However, there is limited research on how this
shift affects the academic performance, physical and emotional well-being,
and overall journey of senior high school students in Balaoan La Union. By
investigating the factors that contribute to their success or failure in coping
with AM/PM classroom shifts, this study aims to provide insights and
recommendations for schools and educators to better support Senior High
School Students in managing their schedules and stress levels.
Statement of the Problem
This study aimed to explore the experiences of Senior High School Students
as they navigate through the challenges of AM/PM classroom shifts.
Specially, this study sought to answer the following questions:
1. What are the experiences of SHS students who have gained through
the AM/PM classroom shifts?
2. What are the benefits and drawbacks of the AM/PM classroom shifts?
3. How do SHS students navigate the challenges presents by the AM/PM
classroom shifts?
4. How do SHS students view the role of school policy and support the
system in facilitating their tantrums to AM/PM classroom shifts?
Significance of the Study
The result of the study will benefit the following:
Students. This study can also help the students or future students to
manage their time and engage in double-shifting classes.
School Administrators. This study can suggest higher positions to build
another building so that the students and teachers will not have a difficult
time in class-shifting.
Teachers. This study can widen teachers’ understanding of their students’
learning needs and advance their professional experiences.
Parents. This study can help them to understand and know what the effects
of the class-shifting to their children’s academic performance are.
Researcher. This study can use the findings to arrive with the right
conclusion and to answer the problems which will satisfy their curiosity.
Future Researcher. This study can help the future researcher who is going
to examine this topic to use the references or findings for their future
research.
Definition of terms
To establish better understanding the following terms mere defined
operationally
Afternoon shift- any shift finishing after 6pm and at or before midnight.
Class Shifting- refers to the process of moving from one section or class
within the same class level to another. This could be due to a student’s
academic performance, schedule issues, or other personal situations.
Double Shifting- The first group of pupils usually attends school from early
morning until midday, and the second group usually attends from mid-day
to late afternoon.
Education- the process of receiving or giving systematic instruction,
especially at a school or university.
Lack of Facilities- Limits the ability of a student to achieve various learning
and extra-curricular activities.
Morning Shift- a shift commencing at or after 6.00am but before 2.00pm
Overcrowding- the presence of more people or things in a space than is is
comfortable, safe, or permissible.
Overpopulation- a scenario in which the number of students enrolled in a
school system exceeds the resources allocated to that school.
Poor- refers to a person or group of people who are extremely poor and lack
the necessities of life, such as food, and clothing.
Single Shift- refers to a school scheduling method in which all pupils
attend classes at the same time of day.

CHAPTER II
METHODOLOGY
This chapter includes a detailed description of the research
methodology that will be utilized in the study. The chapter has been
organized into several sections that provide a framework within which to
describe the research procedures. The chapter begins with a brief
description of the research design. Attention was then given in the
discussion of the study population, the locale of the place where the
researcher gathers the data, data gathering technique and instruments,
data gathering procedures, customary evaluation to establish the
trustworthiness of the data and the data analysis.
Research Design
The qualitative research utilized case study method. The researchers
presumed that this is the most appropriate and relevant method for
inquiring on the comprehensive analysis and exploration of the lived
experiences encountered by the Grade 11 and 12 students who participated
on the AM/PM class shift.
As stated by Creswell (2013), case study is an approach to qualitative
research that focuses on the commonality of a lived experience within a
particular group. The fundamental goal of the approach is to arrive at a
description of the nature of the phenomenon. They are based in a paradigm
of personal knowledge and subjectivity and emphasize the importance of
personal perspective and interpretation.

Qualitative research considered to be the most applicable for this
research as the purpose of this study is to describe and explore the lived
experiences of Senior High School Grade 11 and 12 students on their
AM/PM class shift.
According to Denzin and Lincoln (2005), (1) qualitative research is a
major branch of inquiry in the social sciences, encompassing a wide range of
phenomena. Qualitative studies share a naturalistic and situated concern as
the basis of their inquiry: they seek to study phenomena through a person's
perspective. (2) Qualitative Research is intended to deeply explore,
understand and interpret social phenomena within its natural setting and
(3) multifaceted research method involving an interpretative, naturalistic
approach to subject matter. The multifaceted nature of qualitative research
enables researchers to develop a holistic picture of the phenomenon in
question.
Population
The sample of the study includes the participants who suit the given
qualification set for the study. The qualification set is as follows: (1) the
participants should be Senior High grade 12 students (2) from Castor Z.
Concepcion Memorial National High School, and (3) they should have
participated in the event of AM/PM class shift. The number of participants
who participated in the study was depended on the answers of the
participants until it satisfies its saturation. In selecting the participants, the
researchers chose three (3) students in every strand of Grade 12 who
participated in the AM/PM class shift. The participants were selected

through purposive sampling wherein there is a given criterion in choosing
participants.
Locale of the Study
The study was conducted in Brgy. Antonino, Balaoan, La Union,
particularly at Castor Z. Concepcion Memorial National High School. The
researchers opted to conduct the study for the following reasons: (1) the
researchers are accessible to the school; (2) Senior High School Grade 12
students at the school that have conducted the AM/PM class shift and (3)
observed lived experiences encountered by the participants in their activity
are present.
Data Gathering Procedure
The following procedures were utilized in gathering data: a request
letter for the approval of conducting the study was prepared by the
researchers. The names and strands were listed with their corresponding
section. On the presentation to the participants, some basic and essential
information about the study as well as the researchers were introduced.
Furthermore, researchers discussed the benefits of the study, to whom it
will benefit and how they will benefit. The participants were given the
opportunity to ask questions and clarifications. Researchers allowed the
participants to affix the signature on the consent letter as a sign of the
confirmation in their willingness to participate in the study. As regards the
dates, time and location of the interview, an agreement between the

researchers and the participants was set to avoid too much disturbance on
their part.
Data Gathering Tool
This study utilized a variety of instruments such as interview guide
questions, pen and papers, camera, voice recorder and other tools that were
utilized for the documentation and data accumulation. The guide questions
were made relevant to the level of knowledge of the participants so that they
would be able to easily understand and answer the questions comfortably.
Some questions were prepared, and corresponding follow-up questions were
made and asked to the participants during the interview. Cameras were
operated for documentation, which served as evidence in conducting the
data gathering to prevent biases. Aside from note-taking answers given by
the participants, voice recorders were used to record all data and
information, wherein it was served as a reference for quoted answers of
participants.
Ethical Consideration
Researchers opted to further provide truthful information and
guaranteed that the information they were contributed remained
confidential and private as well as the participants’ identity. The names of
the participants were optionally specified, and they were not forced to
answer any of the questions prepared. Moreover, veracity was also
considered in the sense that all data is truthful and reliable. The
researchers chose to conduct the interview where the participants can feel
and answer comfortably. Some technological devices were used as a tool for
data gathering and served as a proof; however, it was not used to disrepute
one’s decency.
Data Analysis
In data analysis, processes involved were reaffirmation, evaluation and
interpretation of the experiences encountered by the Grade 12 students on
their month-long selling activity based on the data that were gathered.
Furthermore, this involved the discussion on relevance whether the data is
relevant or if it is use in the study. (1) The data that were gathered and
recorded during the interview were transcribed into written words by the
researchers, (2) written information were read several times, (3) the
researchers grouped the answers of the participants into cluster according
to their similarities (4) and created themes and make thematic analysis
about the data collected.

CHAPTER III
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
This chapter presented the analyses and interpretation of the topic
Riding the Waves of Change: Exploring the Students’ Journey through
AM/PM Class Shift
Themes of the topic Riding the Waves of Change: Exploring the
Students’ Journey through AM/PM Class Shift
Themes:
1. Hard Work
2. Personal Productivity
3. Perceive Time
4. Shift Disruption
5. Inefficient Time Management
6. Time Management
7. Scheduling Challenges
8. Dedication to Education
9. Improving Students Academic Performances
10. Enhancing Education System

Hard Work
Refers to the dedicated effort, commitment, and perseverance required
to manage and excel in a schedule that involves attending classes during
both morning (AM) and afternoon (PM) time periods. It compasses the
challenges faced in balancing academic responsibilities, personal
commitments, and self-care while adapting to varying class schedules.
Mercury stated that,
I am a grade 12 student, and I am on the afternoon or PM shift. My
typical day as a PM shift is that I go to school at 12:15 pm before my first
period class, and I will go home at 5:00 pm.
Milky stated that,
Even though the class is half day, it was still tiring. We will be
dismissed at 5pm and transportation was hard.
Meteor stated that,
Usually, I woke up at 5:25 in the morning and go to school at 6:40 am.
The class starts within 7:00am to 12:15pm from Monday to Friday. At the
other side it depends when we have a vacant so it will adjust the time in
11:30am. Our class schedule was only half day, so we have time to do the
task that we don’t finish.
Star stated that,
Minsan mahirap dahil hindi sapat ang oras ng mga guro upang mag-
turo sa aming mga estudyante.
(Sometimes it’s difficult because teachers don’t have enough time to teach
us students.)
Moon stated that,
It’s the normal typical day.
Sun stated that,
Mas maymayat suna kaysa whole day gamin ket mas ad-adu time nga
agaramid ti outputs
(It is better than whole day because it has more time to do outputs)
Based on their answers, the participants decided on their AM/PM
class shift through sharing of ideas within the group. The participants
stated that each of their members has shared their ideas on what the
participants want on AM/PM class shift.
Personal Productivity
Refers to an individual’s ability to manage their time, tasks, and energy
effectively and efficiently, and resources to accomplish tasks, achieve goals,
and produce desired outcomes.
I manage my time for my activities outside by doing them in the morning.
Milky stated that,
I will make my activities at night and morning.
Meteor stated that,
For me a personal schedule must be similar each day so that a routine
can become habit. Try going to bed and waking up at the same time. As for
the activities, I won’t have a problem because I know how to manage my time
doing them because I must go home early.
Star stated that,

Sa pamamagitan ng paglaan ng oras sa aking mga aktibidad
pagkatapos ng klase at pagkatapos ay inilalaan ko naman ang natitirang
oras para sa aking sarili.
(By spending time on my after-school activities and then spending the rest of
the time in myself.)
Moon stated that,
Am kasi kami eh, kaya papasok sa school sa umaga tapos paghapon
ginagawa ko na yung mga activities ko.
(Because we are AM, so I go to school in the morning and then in the
afternoon I do my activities.)
Sun stated that,
Mas un-unaek jay assignments, outputs ken performance task kaysa jay
ag selpon.
(I prioritize my assighments, outputs and performance tasks over cellphone.)
Perceived Time
Refers to the subjective experience of the passage of time and the awareness
of its duration and sequence of events. It involves the cognitive processes
through which individuals become aware of the temporal aspects of their
environment and their own internal states.
As a 12th grader, the advantage of this class shift is that I will help with
some house chores before going to school. Also, I have the chance to do my
activities and performance tasks and review my notes before going to school.
The disadvantage is that I will go home late, and our house is far from the
school, and when I go home late, sometimes there is no tricycle or
transportation.
Milky stated that,
Disadvantage will be, we won’t have enough time to learn our lessons.
Advantage would, we have free time to do activities.
Meteor stated that,
The advantage of class shifts was that it reduced the overcrowding in
class and gave us the opportunity to do the task that didn’t get finished. On
the other hand, shifting classes can reduce knowledge gained.
Star stated that,
Ang magandang dulot ng Am/Pm class shift ay mas nakakasama ko ng
madals at mahaba ang aking pamilya. At ang hindi naman magandang dulot
nito ay maaaring hindi sapat ang oras para saakin upang mag-aral.
(The good thing about the Am/Pm class shift is that I can spend more time
with my family. And the bad thing about it, is that I may not have enough
time to study.)
Moon stated that,
Advantage ng class shifting ay mas mahaba ang time na gagawa ka ng
activities dahil half day lang. Disadvantage ng class shifting ay mas kaunti
ang time na nagtuturo ang mga guro.
(The advantage of class shifting is that you have a longer time to do
activities because it’s only half day. Disadvantage of class shifting is that
teachers spend less time in teaching.)
Sun stated that,

Ti advantage na lang ad-adu ti time nga agaramid ti performance tasks
ken assignments ti disadvantage met bassit jay oras lang nga ag discuss jay
teachers.
(The only advantage is more time to do performance tasks and assignments
and the disadvantage is a little bit of time to discuss with the teachers.)
Shift Disruption
It refers to any situation that causes a deviation from the planned work
schedule, leading to changes in staffing, operations, or workflow. Can occur
due to various reasons, such as equipment failure, power outages, natural
disaster, labor disputes, employee absences, or unforeseen emergiencies.
This shift does not affect my learning and academic performances.
Milky stated that,
It affects in a way that; I can wake up very late because of the afternoon
shift. This afternoon shift makes us go home late also.
Meteor stated that,
Class shift never affect my academic performance task because I know
how to handle my responsibilities and priorities as a student. I always apply
my time management skills in any situation.
Star stated that,
Nakakaapekto ito ng sobra saakin dahil madalas wala akong
naiintindihan dahil maikli lamang ang oras at mabilisan ang diskasyon.
(It affects me a lot because I often don’t understand anything because the
time is short, and the discussion is quick.)

Moon stated that,
Maganda naman ang epekto ng class shift sa aking academic
performance.
(The class shift had a good effect on my academic performance.)
Sun stated that,
No dadduma dagijay I dis discuss da haan ko unay maawatan ta
kurang oras santo da payla agkara ungit isu nga maibus jay oras.
(Sometimes what they discuss is I don’t really understand because I we
don’t have enough time and then they get angry, so the time just runs out.)
Inefficient Time Management
The practice or habit of utilizing time in a manner that does not maximize
productivity, effectiveness, or the achievement of desired goals and
outcomes. It involves the inefficient allocation of time, poor prioritization of
task, lack of planning and organization, and the tendency to get easily
distracted or sidetracked from important activities.
I think the challenges and limitations of the Am/Pm class shift are that
there is a lack of time to further explain the teacher’s lesson. I have
experienced this sometimes in our classroom, where the teacher is discussing
topics quickly because of a lack of time. And, the Am/Pm shift makes me
drained sometimes because of continuous discussion.
Milky stated that,
The challenge would be our transportation because I am from the other
town and tricycle is limited especially at the afternoon.

Meteor stated that,
The challenges that I have encountered is the time management and lack
of time learning.
Star stated that,
For me the challenges I’ve encounter in Am/Pm class shift is that I need
to be more motivated on my study and to have patience in order to stand to
this type of learning.
Moon stated that,
Yung mga deadline kasi may iba na nagbibigay ng activities na ipapasa
sa kinabukasan eh may ibang teachers naman na maraming activities.
(The deadlines, because someone else gives the activities to pass on
tomorrow and there will be other teachers with many activities.)
Sun stated that,
Dahil sa limitado lang ang pag-aaral ay hindi ako maka pag fucos ng
maayos. Ang challenges naman ay ang sleep schedule ko dahil, minsan ay
nagsasanhi ito ng masamang epekto sa aking katawan.
(Because of the limited study, I can’t focus properly. The challenges are my
sleeping schedule because sometimes it causes problems, and it has bad
effect on my body.)
Time Management
Refers to the process of organizing and prioritizing tasks, activities, and
responsibilities in a way that allows individuals to effectively allocate their
time and achieve their goals efficiently. It involves planning and making
conscious decisions about how to utilize available time, setting goals,

establishing priorities, and implementing strategies to maximize productivity
and minimize wasted time.
My strategies or techniques to adap to this kind of shift are that I make a
time management plan for myself to have a guide for when I eat and take a
bath before going to school.
Milky stated that,
I sleep early so that I can attend the Am class, while in the Pm shift I eat
my lunch early so that I can prepare.
Meteor stated that,
The strategy that I adapt in class shift was preparation.
Star stated that,
The strategy and technique I use to adapt to the Am/Pm class shift is to
think of my goals and try to be more courageous in times of difficulties and
the most important strategy is to learn self-discipline.
Moon stated that,
Paggising ng maaga at gawin ang mga activities agad pag-uwi ng
hapon.
(Woke up early and do my activities right after coming home in the
afternoon.)
Sun stated that,
The technique I used to adapt to my Am/Pm schedule is I improved my time
management skills and also maximized my study time outside of school.
Scheduling Challenges
Refers to the difficulties and obstacles faced when organizing and managing
classes that are held in bort morning (AM) and afternoon/evening (PM)
sessions. These challenges arise due to the unique requirements and
constraints associated with accommodating students, instructors, and
resources across multiple shifts within a single day.
I don’t encounter difficulties with this kind of shift because it’s much
better for me.
Milky stated that,
Eating early in the lunch and waking up early.
Meteor stated that,
The one situation thatI always encountered in class shift was most of my
classmates are always late in our first subject and this habit was their daily
routine.
Star stated that,
Hunger, stress, tiredness, short time for discussion which results to
failure or low test and quiz results and financial assistance are some
difficulties and obstacles that I’ve encounter in Am/Pm class shift.
Moon stated that,
Nung una ay naguguluhan ako dahil hindi ko alam kung pang Pm kami
o pang Am.
(At first, I was confused because I didn’t know iff we were in pm or am.)
Sun stated that,

The only difficulties that I faced during this Am/Pm class shifting
schedule is that the discussion of the teachers on every subject is limited to
45 minutes, which is is not enough time for us to understand the lesson.
Dedication to Education
The unwavering commitment, passion, and perseverance an individual
demonstrates towards their pursuits of learning, teaching, and academic
excellence. It involves a deep and sincere devotion to acquiring knowledge,
skills, and personal growth through educational opportunities.
The teachers sacrifice some of their time for continuous teaching.
Supposedly, 12-1 pm is lunch time, but because of this kind of shifting, they
teach at that time.
Milky stated that,
They understand us if we are late to go to school.
Meteor stated that,
By encouraging to focus on duties and responsibilities, listen to their
advice in dealing with change also helping with another.
Star stated that,
They support me by giving some attention to what I ask to them like If I
don’t understand the lesson and they can also support me by providing
something I can use to keep up with this type of learning.
Moon stated that,
They are working on a way to improve the class shift.
Sun stated that,

School administration and faculty really supports us during this kind of
schedule. Example, they are giving us the modules for us to read while at
home.
Improving Students Academic Performances
The process of enhancing and enhancing students’ achievements, progress,
and outcomes in their academic pursuits. It involves implementing
strategies, interventions, and measures that leads to an increase in
students’ knowledge, skills, understanding, grades, and overall academic
success.
It’s not good for us students to do this kind of shifting because we need
to go to school in the Am and Pm so that we can learn.
Milky stated that,
Yes, because students are improving in academic performances.
Meteor stated that,
I guest not yet because some of us break the rules just for their own
needs.
Star stated that,
For me the policies and guidelines of the school is effective in addressing
the needs of students in the Am/Pm class shifts. It is because the students
are following those policies and guidelines which is a proof that it is effective.
Moon stated that,
Yes, because I can see to the students that it is effective.
Sun stated that,

I think the Am/Pm class shifting implemented by the school is somewhat
effective, because some students improved their grades during this kind of
schedule.
Enhancing Education System
The process of improving and optimizing various aspects of the educational
ecosystem to provide better learning opportunities, outcomes, and
experiences for students. It involves implementing reforms, policies, and
strategies aimed to enhancing the quality, effectiveness, and accessibility of
education.
None
Milky stated that,
No
Meteor stated that,
I want to see the changes or improvement of learning system.
Star stated that,
Some changes and improvement that I like to see in the Am/Pm class
shift in terms of school policy and support system are first to have a 15-
minute break to refresh the brain of students in order to avoid stress. Second
is to have a free water. Third is to have a 1-hour time for every subject and
last is I recommended that we will only have 5 subjects to attend starting
7:00 am to 12:15 pm so that the teachers do not rush.
Moon stated that,

I want to see the improvement of the facility so that it prevents
overcrowding of students.
Sun stated that,
The only improvement that I will suggest is that they will extend the time
of discussion for every subjects.
Chapter IV
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary
The study Riding the Waves of Change: Exploring the Students’
Journey through AM/PM class shift in CZCMNHS was conducted and
resulted on the exploration of experiences of Senior High students on their
AM/PM class shift.
The participants were the Grade 11 and 12 students at Castor Z.
Concepcion Memorial National High School who have participated on the
Am/PM class shift. The study was conducted at Brgy. Antonino, Balaoan, La
Union particularly in Castor Z. Concepcion Memorial National High School.
The researchers used Qualitative method specifically case study
approach as their research design and gave importance of the good
qualitative study. The researchers conducted a face-to-face interview and
utilized semi-structured interview guide in gathering data. The actual
conduction of the study was done in 2 nd Semester of June 2023 of School

Year 2022-2023. The participants were the grade 11 and 12 Senior High
School students who have participated on AM/PM class shift during this
school year and were chosen through purposive sampling in which set of
criteria was utilized.
Findings and Eidetic Insights
From the analysis and interpretation of data, the following themes
were identified:
1. The theme entitled “Hard Work” talks about the consistent and
dedicated effort put by the participants in their academic
performances.
2. The theme entitled “Personal productivity” it describes the ability of
the participants to manage time, tasks, and resources to maximize
their efficiency and accomplish academic goals.
3. The theme entitled “Perceive Time” is the participants individuals
productivity experience and understand the passage of time in their
educational environment.
4. The theme entitled “Shift Disruption” describes the disturbance or
interruption of the participants in the regular schedule or routine that
students follow.
5. The theme entitled “Inefficient Time Management” discuss the
participants inability or difficulty in effectively utilizing and allocating
time for various tasks, activities, and responsibilities related to their
education.
6. The theme entitled “Time Management” talks about the effectively
planning, organizing, and allocating time to various tasks, activities,
and responsibilities of the participants related to their education.
7. The theme entitled “Scheduling Challenges” describes the difficulties
and obstacles that may encounter by participants when trying to
create and maintain an effective schedule for their academic
performances and personal commitments.
8. The theme entitled “Dedication to Education” describes the
commitment, passion, and perseverance demonstrated by educators
in their pursuit of providing the best possible learning experiences
and opportunities for their students.
9. The theme entitled “Improving Students Academic Performances” talks
about the intentional and systematic efforts taken by educators and
educational institutions to enhance students’ knowledge, skills,
understanding, and achievements in academic subjects.
10. The theme entitled “Enhancing Education System” talks about
the improvement and strengthening various components and aspects
of an educational framework to better serve the needs of students and
society.
Conclusion
Based on the findings, the following conclusions are formulated:
 Shifting from morning to afternoon classes requires students to adapt
their sleep schedules. They need to establish new routines to ensure

they get enough rest and wake up refreshed. This adjustment can be
challenging, especially for those who are naturally inclines towards
either being early birds or night owls.
 The time of day can affect students’ productivity and alertness levels.
Some individuals may find that they are more focused and energetic
in the morning, while others may experience a slump in the afternoon.
Adapting to AM/PM classes may require finding strategies to maintain
concentration and stay engaged during the later hours.
 The change in class schedule can also affect social interactions among
students. Friends who previously had classes together in the morning
may now find themselves attending different sessions. Adjusting to
new social dynamics and making new connections can be both
exciting and challenging.
 Transportation arrangements may need to be modified to
accommodate the shift in class times. Students who rely on public
transportation or carpooling may encounter different traffic patterns
or availability of services during the afternoon. Planning and adjusting
commuting schedules become crucial to ensure punctuality.
Recommendations
Based on the results of the study, the researchers presented the
following recommendations:
1. The researchers strongly recommend that school administrators must
improve their school facilities so that students will not crowd in one
classroom.
2. The participants want to recommend that each subject must be one
hour so that they can learn more and that there should also be a 15-
minute break time so that the students’ can refresh their brains.
3. The researchers strongly recommend the school administrations to be
strict with the students when it comes to cutting classes.
4. Students recommend that there must be a transportation service for
those who lived in other municipality.
REFERENCES/ BIBLIOGRAPHY
Minkoff, J. B. (1985b). The Role of AM-to-PM Conversion in Memoryless
Nonlinear Systems. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 33(2), 139-144.
Reutener, D. B. (1972). Background, symbolic, and class shift in short-term
verbal memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 93(1), 90-94.
Hansen, M., Janssen, I., Schiff, A., Zee, P. C., & Dubocovich, M. L. (2005).
The Impact of School Daily Schedule on Adolescent Sleep.

Ghannouchi, F. M., Zhao, G., & Beauregard, F. (1995). Simultaneous AM-
AM/ AM-PM distortion measurements of microwaves transistors using
active load-pull and six-port techniques. IEEE Transactions on Microwave
Theory and Techniques, 43(7), 1584-1588.
Palaskas, Y., Taylor, S., Pellerano, S., Rippke, I., Bishop, R., Ravi, A.,
Lakdawala, H., & Soumyanath, K. (2006). A 5GHz class-AB power amplifier
in 90nm CMOS with digitally-assisted AM/PM correction.
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
LETTER TO CONDUCT STUDY
June__, 2023
MR. JOEL B. NAVA

School Principal IV
Castor Z. Concepcion Memorial National High School
Sir:
We, the Grade 11 students of Castor Z. Concepcion Memorial National

High School, are writing to request permission to conduct a research study.
Our study, entitled “Riding the waves of change: Exploring the Students’
Journey through AM/PM Classroom Shift,” is a requirement for our
Practical Research I.
As students of the General Academic Strand, we are thrilled to have the

opportunity to participate in this activity. It will serve as a valuable guide for
us as we progress to higher years and inspire us to pursue careers in the

field of -education-.
We kindly request permission to anonymously interview senior high school

students for our study. We assure you that all information gathered will be
kept confidential and used solely for academic purposes.
We would greatly appreciate your approval to conduct this study and are
available to address any questions or concerns you may have.
Thank you for your time and consideration.
Respectfully yours,
List of researchers
Alinagan, John Anthony Galera, Richiepol
Almazan, Julie Ann Galo, Venice
Banasan, Eduardo Jr. Orfiano, Cristel Joe
Cayabyab, Kanhela Llanes Raquedan, Ralph Vincent
Researchers
Checked by: Noted by:
NOMER JR. A. PACILAN DR. JOSELITO O. DUMOCMAT

Subject Teacher OIC- Office of the Asst. Principal II
Approved by:
MR. JOEL B. NAVA
School Principal
APPENDIX B
LETTER TO THE RESPONDENTS
June___, 2023
Dear Participants,
Greetings!
We, the Grade 11 students of Castor Z. Concepcion Memorial National High

School, are conducting a qualitative research study entitled " Riding the
waves of change: Exploring the Students’ Journey through AM/PM
Classroom Shift" as part of our Practical Research I requirement. As students
of a General Academic Strand, we are interested in exploring and
determining the experiences you have encountered during your month-
long selling activity.
We would like to request your valuable time and effort in answering the
questions that are essential and helpful for the completion of our study. Your
participation in this research project is entirely voluntary, and there are no
known risks to participation beyond those encountered in everyday life. Please
be assured that all data gathered from you will be kept confidential and
anonymous.
If you agree to participate in this study, kindly sign this letter as a

confirmation. Your approval to participate in this study will be highly
appreciated.
Thank you for your assistance and cooperation in this important endeavor.
Respectfully yours,
Almazan, Julie Ann
Banasan, Eduardo
Galera, Richiepol
Galo, Venice
Olivar, John Brandon
APPENDIX C
Informed Consent Form
Direction: Please complete if you are happy to take part in the study.
Title of the Study: Riding the Waves of Change: Exploring the Students’
Journey through AM/PM Class Shift
Name of Researchers:
Almazan, Julie Ann
Banasan, Eduardo
Galera, Richiepol
Galo, Venice
Please mark (✓) the box if you agree and (x) if otherwise.
1. I confirm that I have understood the research information sheet for

the above study.
2. I have spoken to the above researchers, and I understand that I

will be involved in the research by being interviewed and having
the opportunity to ask questions.
3. I understand that my participation is voluntary and that I am free

to withdraw at any time.
4. I understand that the above researchers will have access to my

personal life and will take photos as part of their documentation.
5. I understand that any data or information used in any

publications, which arise from this study, will be anonymous.
6. I agree to take part in the above study.
APPENDIX D
INTERVIEW GUIDE QUESTIONS
Interview Questions:
1. What are the experiences of SHS students through the AM/PM

class shift?
 Can you describe your typical day and schedule as an
SHS student in the AM/PM class shift?
 How do you manage your time and activities outside of
school with this kind of scgedule?
2. What are the benefits and drawbacks of the Am/PM class shift?
 What are the advantages and disadvantages of the
AM/PM class shift?
 How does the AM/PM class shift affect your learning and
academic experience?
 What are some of the challenges and limitations of the
AM/PM class shift that you have encountered?
3. How do SHS students navigate the challenges presented by the
AM/PM class shift?
 What are the strategies or techniques that you use to
adapt to the AM/PM class shift?
 What are some of the difficulties or obstacle that you
encounter in adjusting to this kind of schedule?
4. How do SHS students view the role of school policy and support
system in AM/PM class shift?
 How do the school administration and faculty support you
in the AM/PM class shift?
 How do you think that the current policies and guidelines
of the school are affective in addressing the needs of
students in the AM/PM class shift?
 What are some of the changes or improvements that you
would like to see in the AM/PM class shift, in terms of
school policy and support system?
Appendix E
CURRICULUM VITAE
Name: John Anthony A. Alinagan
Age: 18
Address: Patpata Balaoan, La union
Birthday: May 30, 2005
Parents:
Father: Anthony O. Alinagan
Mother: Joan A. Alinagan
Religion: Roman Catholic
Nationality: Filipino
Civil Status: Single
Education Attainment:
Elementary: Patpata Elementary School
Secondary: Castor Z. Conception Memorial National High School
CURRICULUM VITAE
Name: Julie Ann B. Almazan
Age: 17
Address: Masupe Balaoan, La union
Birthday: July 13, 2005
Parents:
Father: Rolando Almazan
Mother: Vivian Almazan
Elementary: Masupe Elementary School
CURRICULUM VITAE
Name: Eduardo O. Banasan JR.
Age: 16
Address: Sinapangan Sur Balaoan, La Union
Birthday: November 14, 2006
Parents:
Father: Eduardo Banasan SR.
Mother: Anna Loraine Banasan
Elementary: Sinapangan Sur Elementary School
CURRICULUM VITAE
Name: Kanhela Llanes Cayabyab
Age: 16
Address: San Pablo Balaoan, La Union
Birthday: August 18, 2006
Parents:
Father: Juancho Cayabyab
Mother: Evelia Cayabyab
Elementary: Pantar Norte Elementary School
CURRICULUM VITAE
Name: Richiepol A. Galera
Age: 17
Address: Apatut Balaoan La Union
Birthday: April 23, 2006
Parents:
Father: Rolly Galera
Mother: Clarita Gomez
Religion: Iglesia ni Cristo
Elementary: Apatut Balaoan

CURRICULUM VITAE
Name: Venice L. Galo
Age: 16
Address: Poblacion Santol, La Union
Parents:
Father: Frederick F. Galo
Mother: Editha L. Galo
Religion: Rizalista
Elementary: Santol Central School
Secondary: Santol Vocational High School

CURRICULUM VITAE
Name: Cristel Joe M. Orfiano
Age: 18
Address: Pantar Norte Balaoan, La Union
Birthday: September 16, 2004
Parents:
Father: Lorenzo Valdez JR.
Mother: Erlinda Orfiano
Religion: Iglesia ni Cristo
Secondary: Osias Educational Foundation

CURRICULUM VITAE
Name: Ralph Vincent Raquedan
Age: 16
Address: Pantar Norte Balaoan, La Unioin
Parents:
Father: Dexter Raquedan
Mother: Conie Raquedan
Secondary: Casto Z. Conception Memorial National High School
DOCUMENTATIONS
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CASTOR Z.

CONCEPCION MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Riding the Waves of Change: Exploring the Students’

Presented to the Faculty of the

Castor Z. Concepcion Memorial National High School

Antonino, Balaoan, La Union

In Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements in the Subject

Alinagan, John Anthony

Approved by the evaluation Committee as PASSED during the Oral

Defense on June 2023.

Edryn Roy C. SY Princess O. De Villa Roselily R.

Member Chairman Member

Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements in Practical

Nomer A. Pacilan Jr.

Practical Research I Adviser

Conducting a qualitative research study is not an easy task. This

the completion of this study.

God for giving them strength, patience, enough knowledge, courage,

the researchers to conduct their study at school.

Also, sincere thanks to their Practical Research I teacher, Mr. Nomer

and for exposing the researchers to the world of research.

their time and knowledge.

helpful to their study.

research possible through guiding the researcher to complete this study.

dedicated to all the researchers’ families, friends, classmates, schoolmates,

loved ones, future researchers, Senior High School faculty, Castor Z.

Statement of the Problem……………………………………………... 8

Significance of the Study………………………………………………. 9

Locale of the Study……………………………………………………13

Data Gathering Procedure……………………………………………13

Data Gathering Tool…………………………………………………14.

Chapter III. Results and Discussion……………………………………………16

Chapter IV. Summary, Findings and Recommendations…………………29

Appendix A: Letter to the Principal…………………………………36

Appendix B: Letter to the Respondents……………………………37

Appendix C: Interview Guide ………………………………………38

Appendix D: Informed Consent Form ……………………………39

The Double-shift Schedule System is a system where schools operate in

two shifts or sessions, with different sets of students attending schools at

different times of the day. This system was implemented in several

countries, including the Philippines, to address the challenge of insufficient

classrooms and the increasing population of students.

The Department of Education (2012) stated that, with the annual

enrollment in the Philippines, the containing budget constraints and school

building challenge, the problem about insufficient classrooms persists. As

specified on DepEd or the Department of Education order (DO) no.62,

series(s). 2004 further reiterated in (DO) no. 54.s. 2008, as a way of

shifting policy becomes a systematic measure. However, all schools’

divisions are directed to adapt implementation of a single shift class for

those with available resources.

This kind of school system is implemented to reduce the overcrowding

of the students due to overpopulation and lack of facilities. In Philippines,

some school especially in Manila, have already adapted this practice to

another building. According to Uy (2017), out of 780 public schools in Metro

Manila, 75% of elementary schools and 69% of high schools continue to

adopt double-shift class to ease the shortage in classrooms.

The implementation of the k-12 education system in the Philippines

brought about changes in the educational landscape, particularly in the

AM/PM classroom shifts, which require senior high school students to

attend classes either in the morning or in the afternoon, depending on their

In Balaoan La Union, senior high school students also experience

AM/PM classroom shifts. However, there is limited research on how this

shift affects the academic performance, physical and emotional well-being,