The office of the principal is
located on the front of
quadrangle and the actual room
is spacious, clean and well
organized. The staffs are very
accommodating,
approachable and hardworking.
The library is in front of the
building near the teacher’s room
and it is the place where old
books, dictionaries, textbooks,
magazines and thesis are
located.
The counselling room is also
located in the second floor main
building and this facility helps
to investigate and assist the
students regarding their family
and personal problem.
The school canteens are located
at the Grade 7 building, Grade 9
building, Grade 8 building ,
Grade 10 building and SHS
building. This facilities can
accommodate a lot of students
and they serve breakfast and
lunch for the students and
teachers. It has wide spaces and
they maintain thee cleanliness
of the building and they apply
clean as you go practice.
The medical clinic is where
medicine can be found and it is
facility where you can able to
check your condition with the
school nurse. They provide
Vitamin C and they are available
to assist the learner and
teachers who suffer from illness.
The Science Laboratory is
located at Junior High School
and Senior High School
buildings. It is where the
experiment and observation
were conducted by using
laboratory equipment and
facilities.
The gymnasium is located near
the Grade 8 building where all
activities were performed in this
place like sports, programs and
contests. It is a large space that
can accommodate the large
population of the school.
Yes, the office of the principal
contributes to learning and
development because they are
the ones who approve a plan for
programs and activities of the
students. They accomplished
their roles and responsibilities
for being the head of the school
and they support the students
in the thing that is best for them
through that it will contribute to
their learning experiences and
development.
Yes, libraries contribute to
students' learning and
development because they can
scan printed materials which
they will become more
knowledgeable which are a big
help for their studies. It is the
best place for the learners to
study or to make their
assignments that can make
them focus on the things they
do.
Yes, the counselling room helps
the students regarding their
concerns about their academic
performance, personal problem,
and peers. They give some
advice to motivate the students
to be positive in all things
despite the challenges they have
encountered.
Yes, the canteen sells and
provides food for the students
that will able to fill their
stomachs to become alive inside
the classroom. The school
canteen helps the students to
become responsible for their
waste after they eat and they
will maintain the cleanliness of
the place which they will become
responsible citizens.
No, the medical clinic does not
directly contribute to the
student's learning and
development but it provides
services to those people who
need assistance with their
health, and they can monitor or
consult their conditions. Also,
they provide advice and
reminders about your health
status which you need to take
good care of yourself every day.
Yes, the science laboratory can
contribute to the students
learning and development of the
students by exposing them to
the real world through
experimenting with things that
exist. They can experiment while
sharing their knowledge and
skills on how that thing will
work with their teamwork and
collaboration.
Yes, the gymnasium also
contributes to the student's
learning and development
because, in every program or
activity performed in that place,
the student learns from the
speakers and teachers. They
encourage them to show their
skills that enable them to
develop their mind and self-

The outdoor garden is usually
located at the front and back of
the classroom. Every section
was assigned to have a vegetable
and flower garden to occupy the
space inside the school campus.
The home economics room is
located near the Senior High
School canteen. The food
laboratory and preparation of
the food for visitors, students
and teachers were made there.
The comfort room for boys can
be found in every classroom,
school canteen, and vacant area
inside the school campus. It is
functional and it is always
available to use.
The comfort room for girls can
be also found in every
classroom, school canteen and
vacant area inside the school
campus. It has more rooms than
the boys and it is functional and
it is always available to use that
can able to have their proper
hygiene.
The ICT laboratory can be found
at the front of the Grade 10
buildings. This building is used
by the students to teach them
about computers and technology
and it is exclusive for all
learners.
confidence.
Yes, the outdoor garden is where
the students can plant flowers,
vegetables, trees, etc. It
represents that they have a
responsibility to provide for their
needs and to take good care of
our environment. They will
become a leader, creative by
organizing and designing their
garden, and responsible citizens.
Yes, the home economics room
will contribute to the student's
learning and development
because they will be able to
learn how to cook and prepare
food. It develops their creativity
and skills in cooking especially
they will know to clean their
area after they cook.
No, the comfort room for boys'
purpose is to fix itself, reduce
their waste, and provides a
supportive therapeutic
environment where individuals
can use self-help techniques to
manage their behaviour and
emotional state in a safe
environment.
No, the comfort room for girls is
also a therapeutic environment
where they can retouch
themselves and calm in every
situation. It will show how they
are enough responsible in their
home and as a female.
Yes, the ICT laboratory can
contribute to the student's
learning and development by
letting them explore
equipment and the world of
technology. They can able apply
what they have learned which
also require in a job and any
course that they want to take.

Observing the community where the school is found, I feel

the sense of peace and harmony among its people living there. The
neighbourhood seems secured and safe as it is being monitored by
the local government unit or the barangay police. There is also an
access to store, bakery and computer shop that may provide the
needs of the students and teachers.

The school is compose of old and new buildings, a wide space

for interactive activities, accessible facilities, offices, and services. The
color that dominates the campus are maroon, white and green.
Although not all buildings are good as new, they are still functional
and useful for students learning activities.
The offices are structured and organized. They are located
conveniently so people would find them easily. They have bulletin
board displayed outside their offices to keep people informed of the
latest announcements and memos.
The school halls are clean and quiet. There are students in
the library, silently reading their books, some are working on their
laptops and the librarian is busy organizing some books. The
cafeteria looks small and has a few chairs and tables but can
accommodate students well. There is a big quadrangle at the center
of the campus. The school has a social hall, a computer laboratory,
science lab, gymnasium and clinic which are all accessible. The
classrooms are clean, organized and well-ventilated. There are
signage and proper labels so that offices can be easily found.

1. As DepEd Order 21, signed by Vice President and Education

Secretary Sara Duterte, states that schools “shall ensure that school
grounds, classrooms and all its walls, and other school facilities are
clean and free from unnecessary artwork, decorations, tarpaulin, and
posters at all times.”
2. One teacher’s table is placed at the back of the class. On the table,
there’s a small container of alcohol for sanitizing purposes. Behind
the teacher’s desk, there’s a small bookshelf where teacher’s files and
some books compiled and well arranged. Another table is on the left
corner of room in front of the class. There are three rectangular tables
for the learners and were arranged vertically and in both sides the
learner’s chairs were placed. Modules for both boys and girls in all
subjects were subjected to be distributed and to be checked by the
teacher are all over the learner’s desk. The tables and chairs were
arranged perfectly as it saves space and will let learners move
around comfortably. The arrangement of teacher’s table is just
appropriate for her to be able to monitor the whole class at a time.

3. I observed that there are learning materials placed all over the
learner’s desks, temporarily the teachers arranged the modules
subject for distribution and were placed under the table. Television
was also used during face to face classes as part of discussion and is
used to play informative video included in the lessons. Visual aids
and flashcards were placed in the front of class hanging on its
standee made out of wood.

4. The students are very active and are listening to their teacher
during discussion; sometimes they are stubborn, but when the
teacher is speaking, they are listening and actively participating. They
are quick to respond to questions and do not hesitate to raise their
hands during the recitation; they always use "po" and "opo" when
asking and answering. Each classroom where I deploy has 32
students, 1 teacher, and 1 pre-service teacher.

5. The room is well-lit and well ventilated. There are three fluorescent
lamp and one circular fluorescent light. There are also three ceiling
fan that keeps the room ventilated. A well-lit and a well-ventilated
classroom can possibly improve learning as well as the teaching
process. Overall, the classroom provides a comfortable space for
students to learn well.

As DepEd Order 21, signed by Vice President and Education

Secretary Sara Duterte, states that schools “shall ensure that school
grounds, classrooms and all its walls, and other school facilities are
clean and free from unnecessary artwork, decorations, tarpaulin, and
posters at all times.”
One teacher’s table is placed at the back of the class. On the
table there’s a small container of alcohol for sanitizing purposes.
Behind the teacher’s desk, there’s a small bookshelf where teacher’s
files and some books compiled and well arranged. Another table is on
the left corner of room in front of the class.
The learners' desk is blue. The learner's desk is divided into
four rows, with five chairs in each row. There are a total of 20 chairs
with tables, with two students at each desk. The space between the
chairs is about half a meter, which is sufficient for the students to sit
and write comfortably.
The blackboard is almost as long as the width of the wall. In
the center, there are chalks and erasers. It can be seen in front of the
room, where students can clearly see what is being written. And the
board is as good as new.
There are books and other learning materials available.
A new smart TV model, placed on the top of the blackboard
for visual learning for more engaging learning.
Near the entrance of the room a small cabinet is placed at the
back of teacher’s table on the left side. There are several whisk
broom, brooms, husks and dustpans.
A small lavatory beside the door of the comfort room in the
left corner of the room. On the lavatory there are some plates,
drinking glass, forks and spoons. Dishwashing liquid and soap for
hand washing is also there. There’s a faucet also.

Name of the school observed: Diffun National High School

Location of the school: Aurora East, Diffun, Quirino 3401

Date of visit: September 21, 2023

MY OBSERVATIONS
The following are my observations during my visitation at Diffun National High School last 21,
2023:

 The school is easily located. There is a big label of the name of the school, although it
was the previous name of the school.
 There are stores in front, a sari sari and a computer shop nearby.
 The fences are strong and helps the school secured.
 The security guard is accommodating.
 The clinic and the guidance office is easily located.
 The library is in front of quadrangle, it can be easily located.
 There is a big quadrangle with, a small stage in the lower center and a flag pole in the
upper center.
 The classroom are clean, there are new and old buildings. Although its old and some of
the grills already have rusts.
 The comfort rooms are accessible. However not all toilets are functional.
 The computer laboratory, science laboratory and conference are available for students.
 There is a small nipa hut located near the social hall. It is where most students take
their recess.
 There are 5 canteens, they are clean and organized.
 Other offices such as the Principal’s office, Registrar and etc. are well ventilated but
not conveniently located.
 The hallways are clean.
 Overall, the school is a safe space for learning. The facilities are accessible and
materials/equipment are functional. The school is conducive to learning– which
matters the most.

The school campus and the classroom are the learning spaces of the students.
Because of this, what composes these two may directly affect the learning process of the
students. Everything that makes up the school and the classroom influence the result of the
student’s learning whether it is effective or unsuccessful. For example, if the classroom is
well-organized, warm and free from distractions, the students may learn better and yield
positive results in their learning because there is a sense of peacefulness around them that
gives them comfortable space to learn well. In contrast, a classroom that is unorganized may
affect the students’ performance. In conclusion, the physical environment such as the school
campus and the classroom are one of the factors that affect the students learning. Because of
this, the school and the teachers must ensure that the these learning spaces are conducive to
learning.
The concept of the school environment being one of the most important factors in the
success of student learning is linked to the concept of "nature vs. nurture" in child and
adolescent development, specifically the principle about what "nature" wanted to emphasize
about the child’s development. This principle holds that environmental factors such as the
people and environment around the child, social relationships, and so on have an impact on
the students' learning and development. This means that the school campus, as an important
facility where students learn, must provide positive input for students and assist them in
shaping their values and growing as individuals.

Yes. It is because the school environment is well accommodating for students to learn
and develop themselves well. They have good and well-constructed facilities that ensures to
address the physical, moral, social and intellectual needs of a learner. And even the school
lacks some facilities, I would still love to teach in that school for it is my passion to aids
learners innocence and give them hope as the face their own future ahead of them.
A school campus that is conducive for learning must ensure a well-constructed,
complete, operating facilities that will address the needs of both learners and educators in
terms of teaching and learning process. An environment that upholds truth and protect
learners to the extent that no any harm that will cause disturbance to learner’s development.
A classroom that is conducive to learning is clean, well-lit and well-ventilated, free
from distractions, organized and has complete learning materials/ facilities like comfort room
proper chairs/desks that will make the learners feel comfortable while gaining knowledge and
enjoying the learning environment. Sometimes decorative classroom encourage students to
perform well as what they see in his/her surroundings.
As a future teacher, I can achieve to have classroom that is conducive to learning by
being a responsible and being transparent one especially when it comes to classroom funds
from parents. As long as I can provide the necessities for the learner’s materials even with my
own pocket/finance, I will do it. I’ll make sure to coordinate with my student’s parents for us
to provide the comfortable environment and address their needs.
A school is essentially a place where we study and learn. It is where we learn new
things, gain valuable experiences, form social bonds, and cultivate meaningful values within
ourselves. To achieve all of these goals, a school must be a safe place for learning, promote
quality education, provide easy access to learning resources, and provide opportunities for
students to learn independently but experientially. These will not be possible unless the
principal, teachers, parents, students, and the community work together to achieve all of
these objectives.
The purpose of the board display is to inform the students about the latest updates or
memorandums, motivates them to be achievers and engage them through participating on
school activities or upcoming projects.
With the board’s overall theme, I think it reflects the interest of its target audience who are
the students. But the board display is lacking in creative aspect although the labels used are
cut-out letters glued in colored paper. Board displays should be eye-catcher, and this is what
this board display’s need to have. Although, it targets the audience’s interest, it is still not as
effective as it should be.
The language used is English. It uses simple words as the labels of the information or
materials posted. The font sizes are also legible from a distance.
The board display is effective in informational aspect. It conveys the information well but in
terms of motivational aspect, it didn't meet the characteristic of a motivating board display. It
is because it lacks interactivity and attractiveness which are important in engaging an
audience.
To improve this board display, I’m suggesting to pay attention to the design and lay-out of the
materials because these aspect are the key the effectiveness of the board display and to
achieve its purposes which are to inform and motivate the students.

Latest updates, regarding student development and services, commending the COEd
achievers of their success and Encouragement for student to join various activity
Guidance Bulletin
Information dissemination is a difficult task especially if the target audience is coming from
different levels. But with board display, making announcements effectively is easier.
Convenience, effectiveness and engagement are what board displays can offer. It also
guarantees that every information will be conveyed to a large number of audience. The
enhanced board display of the Guidance office aims to improve the existing board display in
terms of its design, lay-out and organization of information to attract more viewers
The following are the main objectives of the proposed board display:
 To improve the existing board display of the guidance office
 To change the design/lay-out of the existing board display
 To add more creative elements on the board display
The following are the best features of my proposed board display enhancement:
 Attractive—with its youthful design, and creative use of materials, my board display
looks interesting and eye-catcher
 Effective communication– With its new lay-out, the information posted will be easily
conveyed
 Balance—in terms of spacing, color and sizes of the elements, the board display looks
organized, balanced and arranged
1. Corkboard– as the main skeleton which will hold every element of the board
2. Cartolina—the background of the whole board
3. Colored papers /cut-out patterned papers—as the background of the labels
4. Printed labels– these will classify the info/materials posted
5. Pictures—for enhancement
6. Glue/adhesive tape, push pin—to attach the materials
The following are the materials to be used for aesthetic enhancement: colored paper, cartolina,
pictures, cutout/patterned paper, decorative stickers and tapes

To be able to come up an effective board display a teacher should possess the following:
 Creativity—he/she must think beyond the box, he/she must be optimistic and
original creator of unique ideas
 Innovative—innovation must be his/her main goal, board displays are common but a
teacher must create incomparable board display or at least produce something that
exceeds the commonality
 Resourceful—buying new materials is not wise, a teacher must be able to utilize
creatively available resources which will also contribute in reducing more waste
 Critical thinking—creating a board display requires critical thinking as facts and
evidences are important in board display, a teacher must be able to understand the
source of the information and identify the unnecessary information
 Confident—believing and trusting oneself is the most important thing when creating a
work of art, a teacher must manifest confidence in his/her work because that will give
him/her the mindset that the result will be successful
I have a lot of experiences in creating display and the skills that I have are the keys
why I was able to come up with effective board displays during our high school. Being
confident, creative and innovative are what really made me succeed in creating board
displays. Practicing these skills is a combination of doing it multiple times and seeking help
from the expertise. Even though I have more experiences, I still need learn new skills, learning
do not stop.
Among the aforementioned 5 skills that a teacher must have, what I still need to
develop are the resourcefulness and critical thinking. As I am a fan of shopping, buying new
materials really excites me when creating project but as I have realized its not wise. I am
planning to research on reusing materials so that I could gain ideas what can still be useful or
how to transform and use it in other way. In terms of critical thinking, I should work on
gathering information, double checking what’s valid and credible and assessing the sources
since these are necessary steps in writing papers.

The Ideal School Environment

SUCCESSFULNESS – the end result of an ideal school environment. Successfulness
can be measured in different ways. Curriculum, facilities, quality education, service, and
excellent academic performance are some of the indicators of successfulness. The picture
above is a front view of Diffun National High School flagpole. It may not provide the direct
relevance of the picture and the idea of an effective school environment, but I want to
emphasize that this school is a perfect example that demonstrate an effective school
environment as they continuously catalyze quality graduates through the years. Quality
graduates succeeding in their careers is what makes this school even commendable. To be an
effective education provider is a hard task. A school must be able to ensure that curriculum
responds well to the needs of the students, facilities and resources are available, there are
quality teachers, and students’ needs are being provided. It is a task that requires the
collaboration between the school, teachers, parents, students and the community. And all of
these are being demonstrated by the Diffun National High School.
 Sociocultural theories are used to explain how individual mental functioning is related
to cultural, institutional and historical context, focusing on the roles that participation in social
interactions and culturally organized activities play in influencing psychological development.
According to this theory, learning is not determined by the individual, but by the individual's
environment. Social scientists often analyze and compare the ways that children and
adolescents develop across a variety of cultures. Universals in child development are determined
to identify environmental and other factors that contribute to differences in child development.
Predetermined values, beliefs, personal interactions and socioeconomic factors “remind us that
there are culturally distinct views of optimal child development” (Bers, 2008, p. 61). Social
behaviour that is considered appropriate in one culture may be inappropriate in another
culture. Children's development is influenced by social, economic, cultural-historical, and
community-level factors.

The work of Lev Vygotsky stresses the importance of social interaction in educating
human beings. Vygotsky states that learning occurs when students receive support from peers
and teachers in a social setting using technical tools or other artifacts (Whipp, 2005).
Furthermore, Vygotsky (1978) states, "Every function in the child's cultural development
appears twice: first, on the social level, and later, on the individual level; first, between people
(interpsychological) and then inside the child (intrapsychological). This applies equally to
voluntary attention, to logical memory, and to the formation of concepts. All the higher
functions originate as actual relationships between individuals".

As a future teacher, this theory will help me to understand that the environment of
learners is one of the biggest factor that affects or contributes to their learnings. This will guide
me to assess their ability in learning and how their performances shows development based on
their interaction and relationships between every environmental factor.

http://smu.edu/education/CCCD/conceptualframework.asp

http://epublications.marquette.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1102&context=edu_fac&sei-
redir=1#search=”sociocultural+theories+of+technology”

Upon observing the learners, I hardly believe that I was seeing myself on them back in
my age. It was still fresh in my memories how I acted and how active I am when I’m on their
age. How they interacts with their classmates was exactly the way we also interacted with each
other back on our stage. I have noticed the level of their interest when it comes to class
discussions, they are showing the enthusiasm upon learning and engaging through raising their
opinions when asked. That’s the same scenario when we were at their age. In a classroom,
teachers are purposely discussing to the class the classroom rules and regulation every single
day before the class starts, one of these rules is that one should only talk when asked, unlike
them, in my age, we never try to speak when someone is speaking especially the teacher instead
we are raising our hands and wait for our turn to speak only if we’re called.
The teacher I can never forget is Mrs. Sonnette Ulnagan, who inspired me when I was a
high school student. I really admire the way she interacts with and instructs each of her
students. She always praised me when I gave the right response because I was a active and
engaged student. My teacher gives me a lot of emotional support because she constantly praises
me. This boosts my self-confidence while simultaneously making my heart race. Additionally, I
feel more physically at ease speaking in front of my classmates and able to see their eyes. She
also encourages me to interact socially with others.
Most of my experiences in high school eventually has helped me to really understand
how important the role of teachers to every grade school learner like me, in developing different
skills to prepare students in to more diverse and complicated learning environment. In our
class, we share same culture but varies in beliefs, the diversity in the classroom really matters
in developing and shaping young individuals on how to appreciate each other while learning.
Back in my days, my teachers also possessed salient characteristics and skills in teaching and I
really looked up those traits that it affects how I am going to apply it in my teaching ability and
strategies to my future students someday.