Science Q3 W1 – Human Body Regulation
 Important Concepts
 Hormones
- Sperm cells and egg cells (menstrual cycle)
- There are hormones inside our body = hormones are
there when there are sweets
- Pancreas may have a problem if insulin is needed
(examples of insulin are sugar and carbohydrates)
- They are chemical messengers (all)
 Provided by glands of endocrine system
 Changes in body
- It enables growth, development, behavior, and
reproduction (irritation, being mentally unstable, and
happy, are all works of hormones)
- Carries instructions to cells to change their activities
- Changes in body are carried out by hormones
- Involves in coordinating activities that are carried out by
endocrine system to keep the body to function properly
 Examples: shivering when it’s cold, goosebumps,
muscles shiver/nginig, are all work done by
hormones
 The hypothalamus controls emotions. It also
regulates your body's temp and controls crucial
urges — such as eating or sleeping.
 The muscle contracts -> friction -> heat
 Sweating -> it is the body’s cooling system (you
can die of heat stroke pag hindi ka nagswe-sweat)
 Emergency hormone: Adrenaline (work of
hormones, super energy yung binibigay)
 Happy hormones: Endorphins
 Lack of melatonin: makes it hard to sleep. It is the
response of body to wake up.
- Lactating: also work of hormones which enables mothers
to produce milk. The mom doesn’t produce any milk if
the baby stops sucking on the breast. (proctolyn)
 No activation, no production of milk
 More milk -> donate milk
- Coordinates the production, use, and storage of energy
 Adrenaline: kapag hungry and tired, the
carbohydrates are burned to produce superhuman
strength
- Maintaining internal homeostasis such as nutrition,
excretion, water, and salt balance
 Mapayat = there is hormonal imbalance, even kapag
ang situation is tumataba ka even though you don’t
eat much.
- Reacts to stimuli (demands reaction from the body)
 Two Types
1. Slow-Acting & Longer-Living
- Can take hours, days, weeks, and years
- Example: testosterone = enables deep voice &
broad shoulders (men, hormones that are
working in the body)
- Takes a longer period of time
- Starts to take effect in the longer run
2. Fast-Acting & Short-Living
- adrenaline
1. Some glands are not functioning yet until an organism
reaches a certain age.
- They do not function.
- Not all glands are all READY, it needs time to
reach maturity level.
- Ex. Reproductive organs start producing sex
hormones only at puberty.
2. There is difference between short term and long-term
hormones.
- Short term: ADRENALINE – works during fight
or flight situations. (ex. Hinabol ka ng dog.)
- Long-term: THYROXINE – works on body size
(permanent effect), it gradually changes the form
of body.
3. Production of hormones must be in CORRECT amount.
- Excessive or lacking = develops Hormonal
Imbalance
4. Hormones work only at their TARGET cells or organs
- Enzymes: catalysts
- May target specific cells
5. Hormones are destroyed in the LIVER after performing
their function.
- Vitamin c hurts livers. There will be a higher
chance that a liver will fail.
- Nagkaka-jaundice because toxins are not filtered
anymore (yellow eyes).
- AIDS & HIV: yes (help ndi ko alam kung bakit
yes nakalagay), not transferrable in normal ways
(throuw sex or coitus, other term for intercourse)
 Glands
- Specialized group of cells or organs that secretes
materials to be delivered in the different regions
of body via ducts.
- Hormones meron sa saliva: salivary glands,
which are mixed with foods, tsaka sya lalabas.
- Produces hormones but not directly to the blood
or bloodstream.
- Hormones are working on ducts.
 Ducts
- A body tube that carries specific or particular
liquid
- Small intestine and large intestine
- “Juds”
- Stomach: digests and stores food
 It is where digestion happens
 It is NOT the part that absorbs food
 Food is nasa intestine
 It absorbs water
 Maiiwan in intestine, then ipo-poop yung
wastes
 - Green part in the picture (ppt) -> ducts, where
the hormones are produced DIRECTLY from the
glands
- Mayroong ducts in mouth, upper body, and lower
body.

 Endocrine Gland
- Endo: within, Krinein = separate
- Ductless glands that secrete hormones directly
into either bloodstream or fluid around the cells.
- Short-living hormones are actually produced in
the blood.
- Directly transported to the bloodstream (merong
hormones)

 Exocrine Glands