1.

TRANSPIRATION

 During daylight hours, plants transfer water from their internal systems to the atmosphere as
water vapor through their leaf openings.

2. INFILTRATION

 The physical process involving the movement of water at the boundary where the atmosphere
meets the soil.

3. AQUIFERS

 These are permeable geological formations capable of both storing and transmitting significant
quantities of groundwater.

4. WATERSHED

 A geographic area of land defined by topographic features and elevation, responsible for
capturing, filtering, storing, and directing water to a common destination.

5. WATER SUPPLY

 The provision of water by public utilities, commercial organizations, communities, or individuals

through a network of pumps and pipes.

6. CISTERN

 A reservoir, tank, or container used for storing a volume of water.

7. AQUEDUCT

 Aqueducts are structures that utilize gravity to transport water to urban areas, providing water
for cities, irrigation, and household use.

8. WELL

 A deep hole or shaft excavated into the ground to access natural water sources.

9. ARTESIAN WELL

 A well from which water flows under natural pressure without the need for pumping.

1. DRAWDOWN

 The reduction of the surface elevation of a body of water due to the extraction of water.

2. RESERVOIR

 An artificial body of water created to store water.

3. STREAM

 Flowing bodies of water that offer benefits to humans, plants, and animals.

4. RIVERS

 Narrow, flowing bodies of water that move downhill under the influence of gravity.
5. LAKES

 Bodies of water surrounded by land and situated in an inland basin.

6. DAMS

 Structures constructed along streams or rivers to impound water.

7. GEOLOGY

 The natural science that investigates the Earth, including its composition, surface-shaping
processes, and history.

8. GEOLOGICAL CYCLE

 A series of processes involved in the creation and transformation of rocks in the Earth's crust.

1. IGNEOUS ROCK

 Formed when molten material cools and solidifies. If it originates from within the Earth, it is
referred to as intrusive rock (e.g., diorite, gabbro, granite, and pegmatite). When formed on the
Earth's surface, it is known as extrusive rock (e.g., andesite, basalt, obsidian, pumice, rhyolite,
and scoria).

2. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

 Rocks altered from their original state through high heat and pressure.

3. METAMORPHIC ROCK

 Developed from fragments of other pre-existing rocks or organic material.

4. BEDROCK

 The solid, compacted rock located beneath the Earth's surface.

5. SURFICIAL GEOLOGIC MATERIALS

 Sediments such as clay, silt, sand, gravel, and other loose deposits found above the bedrock,
collectively categorized as "surface materials."