LECTURE 2

ME-2001 BASIC MECHANICAL

ENGINEERING
Engineer Faryal Gula
faryal.gula@nu.edu.pk
EXAMPLE 4.1
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SOLUTION
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SOLUTION
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EXAMPLE 4.2
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SOLUTION
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MOMENT OF A FORCE

• The tendency of a force to make an object rotate is called a moment

• The magnitude of a moment both on the force applied and on the lever arm that
separates the force from the point of rotation
Mo = Fd
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LINE OF ACTION

• The continuous straight line on which a force vector lies is called its line of action
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EXAMPLE 4.3

• The machinist’s wrench is being used to tighten a hexagonal nut. Calculate the
moments produced by the 35 lb force about the center of the nut when the force
is applied to the wrench in the orientations (a) and (b) as shown. The overall
length of the handle, which is inclined slightly upward, is 6 1/4 in long between
centers of the open and closed ends. Report your answer in the dimensions of ft
lb.
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EQUILIBRIUM OF FORCES AND

MOMENTS
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FREE BODY DIAGRAMS

• Free body diagrams are sketches used to analyze the forces and moments that act
on structures and machines
1. Isolate the object of study from the surrounding
2. Draw the coordinate system to indicate the positive sign conventions for forces
and moments
3. Draw and label all forces and moments between the free body and the
surrounding
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EXAMPLE 4.5 SEAT BELT BUCKLE

• During crash testing of an

automobile, the lap and
shoulder seat belts develop
tensions of 300 lb. Treating
the buckle B as a particle,
determine the tension T in
the anchor strap AB and the
angle at which it acts.
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EXAMPLE 4.6

• A technician applies the

70 N gripping force to the
handles of the wire
cutters. What are the
magnitudes of the cutting
force on the electrical wire
at A and the force carried
by the hinge pin at B?
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EXAMPLE 4.7

• The forklift weighs 3500 lb and carries

an 800 lb shipping container. There are
two front wheels and two rear wheels on
the forklift. (a) Determine the contact
forces between the wheels and ground.
(b) How heavy a load can be carried
before the forklift will start to tip about
its front wheels?
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DESIGN APPLICATION: ROLLING

ELEMENT BEARINGS
• Bearings are used to hold shafts that
rotate relative to fixed supports (for
instance, the housing of a motor,
gearbox, or transmission)
• Each bearing consists of
▪ An inner race
▪ An outer race
▪ Rolling elements in the form of balls,
cylinders, or cones
▪ A separator that prevents the rolling
elements from rubbing up against one
another
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BALL BEARINGS

• Thrust force – Force along the shaft

• Radial force- Force perpendicular to the shaft
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THANK YOU