Valence bond theoa v8T)

p1opoxed W He.tler and

Valerce bend theo wOs

17) to explan the stobil a aCovalenty

London
t Ls lator exterded
bende d hdroen mole cule .

pen abou Valence

Pauln he raun
and Slcben.
Pauln
bond heos ate

molecule
identity in the
Atoms
9netaun
Setaun theit
twe atomg be omed
Can be
b) Covalent bond betureen

neAult¢ovenlapping
the outer mest
electrons
Ovbt a on hen beth have unpuned
Pos2
in bond jomation
(C) Core electron do not þatticipate

(d)he ztabil bond i explai hed in teams

a bond.
ene
eneat neleased dwung the formatioh
the
r o n e would be
Cnne cter he ovenlap
bond
hux heory 8 baed on ollowrn tuwe priubles
theord
turv
1 Yh and Yo ane he ave unction or any
indþend nt 3ystem A and B, then the tota wave

unc hon Y oT these non - intenaching yste

ystemmi iveh b

2- thene a1e gevenal Loaveunctiona Y,Y¥s

Hor the ame 3plem, Ken the rue Wave uncton

the tem iAwen by

 +CnTn
E'ru
unchon Min Coefiients .

C,Ca Cn

prinuþles on explasn Re
the pwely covasent
he above twe
chanacter ov) a mole cue.
Hetlen-
3 Lateu on
Poui
Paulin suested inprovement over

London is 31) tmadment

tunction Nen theequahion.

he
h e improved wave

+AYionit
-Coicent which uA a mea^uhe
degee
ou c Chahacte to which on c fotm Contoubutes
to
bondin
that electons ae
4Valonce
Valance bond ther prekumes
molecue ia he 91e3 o n m e
indastinguuishable Covalent
hybs-ud Covalent e ionie ructwies

Limitoion Valence Bond Theo This thee does

net explain-
(i). Fonmation Co ordinate bond.
Ci)he banamag netic natuhe Oxgen molecule.
Fonmation Odd election molecule or ions Whene
ho
no paisiing electrons take place
v).he directiomal natwre el Covalent bond.
(v. e partial ionic cha1acten in a molecuWe
Vil Fomation and structuwne Sevenal Compounds
ivolvin neBonance and hyboudization
Vii) h metalli'c Gnd dnter metallic
-

bonding.
 asic ideas Molecwan Oxbital theoTyMO T) -

to molec ules ia tk nouon

A SC Cond apphoach bondin
as the molecuwasn ovb1 ta (MO) diviaed by Hund and

C1932). hix theory umes that hene

thene. aie
MuliRen
Jevelk anound he huclei Constitubing
Ret enead
ene19y
knoun CLS
molecule. he se ene Levek ane

a1e accomdated
and electrons
molecwan orbitas
Pauli's
in accordnce w
In these ene
neg leve
BAU puube.
Hund's 1de &AuF-
exclusidn prinuple,
ke an atomic oobitals Can
Molecwa orbita
twe electron3 and ane
Contaun C m9Aimum number

op peste a Spins

hene betdeen an atomic Ybital

desence
an atomic oxbital
CA-O-) and a moecwo orbitals Mo ) . In

he ve ment Cn electron siluenced by ony

while hat an electson \h a
One poBitive huceus,
M.O more nuclei deþending
is inluenced b
Contauned in the molecwNe
On the humben atoms

on he
he numben Mo. o m e d n o m the everlap
O
Atomic orbitodg. hus atomic. ovbitals e mohoCentoic

While mole cula orbital ame Foly.Centuc

 do mot lose
hein
hey
A-B indvidual chanatter
e (thy)=)
A Bmolecwe
A v.B. metkhod
foaming

dom A Joxke?
CIn MO mehod
h e i n individuad Chanacter

A -B moecuwe
Mo.me had omihg
.

dea
hene a e
CNe twe methodso getling 3aiadactory
about moleculao Orbi tals at Hhe BCyme time.

ILineat Combination atomic Orbi talg L.C.A-0] method.

Unated Atom Method

Cohatruchoh molecwar ovbital by LeA.o method -

According to LcAO method, tue huclei muyt apbroach

Ohe anether alon a he When they Come Cloge to

Lo

ohe anothen, twe afomic 0vbitals Cone1om each

bonded atom ) havin Componabe enengies and o seav

Combine to orm tuDD molecwon Obi lols.

Jahe ovehlab
One he neu mole cula ovbitals has lowe
alomic orbila and the
he Corbinin
ened than
adomic
other
othe has ighe ehe he Combini
than lhe
Orbital 05 houshn
 Moleculr Orbita 1huch is oblaired bthe Cddton
oave
wa ve unctionA oy be 9teþreaended u

A knoton bonding molecuwa obila) hu

and noon a

due to atluac iue 3late

On
on

(b he electons þlaced i the antibonding ovbitol, tend

Oincrease the
ene e mo lecule, thus decreale i
sAao and i8 obtained BubstracHon c e
unch on

*)Asterick A on the ainibonding molecWan ovbrtal.

Phyaical Pictune Bonding and antibondin molecwa

Orital
he
he bhical pictuhe bondin and aibonding deend

pon the Vaostapes atomc orbitals hick

and dosm diehent 8hapes molecda ovbitals,
Conbine
Acc osding to LcAO, thene ahe tuOD 1 a Combinwn

otomic Orbitals. Let Ya and e ane the Waveunctoh

tu atoms Aand B nespectively. h e keops lobes

Combinin osomic ovbta hth he Agme h ovelap

the oondin
the
bondina molecua ovbtals, ' a ormed.
+

(: ISo+1S TS no