REVISI N

MAP
Matte r in Our Surroundings
Matter Particles of Matter
It is anything which has mass and occupy space. Characteristics of Matter (i) Have intermolecular space.
It is made up of tiny particles. (ii) Have force of attraction.
Classification

(iii) Are in a state of continuous motion.

Physical

(iv) Have a tendency to diffuse.

Property of diffusion increases with
Solids increase in temperature.
They are rigid, have high density,
definite shape and definite volume.
Solids have maximum attraction
force between their particles.
Freezing Point

On applying Pressure
It is the temperature at which a Melting Point

Fusion or melting
liquid changes into solid state It is the temperature at

temperature)
(Increasing
which a solid starts melting.
temperature)
(Decreasing

by giving out heat at 1 atm.

Freezing

Melting point of ice is 0°C or

273.16 K.

Scales of Temperature

versa. It is shown by naphthalene, camphor, iodine etc.

Kelvin scale (K) and celsius scale
(°C)
T (K) = t °C + 273.16
or t °C = T (K) – 273.16
directly without passing through the liquid state and vice-
It is the process of conversion of a solid into its vapours
Latent Heat of Fusion
Liquids It is the amount of heat that is
They have definite volume, but not required to change 1 kg of a
definite shape. They are solid into liquid at 1 atm at its
incompressible, have fluidity and melting point.
diffusibility. The attraction force
between the particles of liquid is less
than that of solid.

Sublimation
Evaporation
It is the process of conversion of a liquid
into its vapours at any temperature below
its boiling point. It increases with increase
(Increasing temperature )

Condensation
in surface area and temperature but
decreases with increase in humidity. It is the process of
conversion of gas into liquid
(Decreasing temperature)

Vaporisation
It is the process of
conversion of a liquid into
its vapour state at its
at specific conditions of
Boiling Point temperature and pressure.
It is the temperature at which
a liquid starts boiling or at
which vapour pressure of a
On applying Pressure

boiling point. liquid becomes equal to

atmospheric pressure .

Gases
They have neither definite shape nor
definite volume. They are highly
compressible, diffusible and have low
density. The intermolecular space
between their molecules is maximum
and attraction force is minimum.