2 Corinthians 6:10

"Our hearts ache, but we always have joy. We are poor, but we
give spiritual riches to others. We own nothing, and yet we
have everything."
Reminder:
• Bring any or all of the following next meeting:
• Round shape biscuits
• Jelly candies of any shape (small and big)
• Marshmallows ( small)
• Choco sticks
• Candy sprinkles
• Paper plate
Reminders
Reminders
Asynchronous Task!!!!
1. Answer the task ( next slide) in your assignment notebook.
Copy and answer.
Rearrange the parts of the digestive
system in the correct sequence during the
digestion process. 1. Asynchronous task
Objectives
Describe the stages of the cell cycle.
Assignment
9. Describe the stages of the cell cycle.
The Cell Cycle
The cell cycle is the series of events that a cell undergoes, including
growth, division, and replication. This complex process is essential for
the growth, development, and repair of tissues in living organisms.

by Cheryl Bedano
 developmental steps that an
individual goes through from
Life Cycle - birth until the time it
reproduces.
Asynchronous Task!!!!
2. Answer the task ( next slide) in your assignment notebook.
Answer only.
Locate ten (10) words that are associated
to cellular reproduction in the puzzle
2. Asynchronous Task!!!!
 How living
things grow
and develop?

Cells reproduce!

https://aminghori.blogspot.com/2016/04/lesson-plan-of-movement-growth.html
 Cell division

reproduce

https://slideplayer.com/slide/8892806/
 Cell division is the process in which one cell,
called the parent cell, divides to form new
cells, referred to as daughter cells.

a. Chromosome- an organized structure of DNA and protein found

in cells.
b. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)- like a recipe book which holds
the instructions for making all the proteins in our bodies.
c. Organelle- a specialized sub-unit within a cell that has a specific
function such as; mitochondrion, Golgi bodies, lysosome,
vacuole, etc.
d. Karyokinesis- division of the nucleus.
e. Cytokinesis- division of the cytoplasm.
f. Diploid number (2N)- the cell contains two sets of
chromosomes, half from the father and another half from the
mother
 The Chromosome
-thread like
structures located
inside the nucleus.
-carries genetic
information from
generation to
generation.
-a thread-like
structure of DNA
that has been
condensed and
coiled.
https://www.microscopemaster.com/chromosomes.html
 The Chromosome

https://www.microscopemaster.com/chromosomes.html
 Chromosome number
✓ The chromosomal number is either
diploid number (2N) or haploid
number (N).
✓ Diploid means the nucleus of a cell
contains two sets of homologous
chromosomes, half of which are
given by a female organism and the
other half from the male organism
✓ Haploid cells contain chromosomes
in single set; thus, it is equal to the
half of the diploid number.
https://biologydictionary.net/diploid-cell/
 Chromosome number

https://www.microscopemaster.com/chromosomes.html
 Chromosomes from Male and Female Human

https://genetics.thetech.org/ask-a-geneticist/transgender-genetics
 The Cell Cycle

https://www.khanacademy.org/test-
prep/mcat/cells/cellular-division/v/cell-
cycle-phases

https://slideplayer.com/slide/13836594/
 Cell Cycle
The chromosomes of a cell change their form as
they undergo cell transitions from one stage to
another in a typical cell cycle.
✓ The cell cycle may be divided into two stages:
➢ the interphase where the chromosomes are
long & extended, and
➢ the cell division or mitotic phase where the
chromosomes become condensed or
thickened.

https://www.khanacademy.org/test-
prep/mcat/cells/cellular-division/v/cell-cycle-phases
https://www.sciencefacts.net/cell-cycle.html
 Interphase (Cell Resting & Preparation
Phase)
➢ First Gap period - G1
-cell grows initially
-synthesis of protein and ribonucleic acid or RNA
occurs
-mitochondria increase in number
➢ S Phase (Synthesis phase)
-DNA are synthesized thus replicating the
chromosomes in preparation for the next cell
division. .
➢ Second Gap period -G2
-the cell “double checks” and continues to
produce essential molecules and proteins and
increase in size.
- cell prepares for the actual cell division
https://www.sciencefacts.net/cell-cycle.html
Interphase
1 Cell Growth 2 DNA Replication
The cell grows in size and prepares The cell's genetic material is
for division by replicating its DNA duplicated, ensuring that each
and organelles. daughter cell receives a complete
set of chromosomes.

3 Organelle Duplication
The cell's organelles, such as mitochondria and the Golgi apparatus, also
replicate to provide the necessary cellular components for division.
Mitosis
1 Prophase
The chromosomes condense, and the nuclear envelope breaks down,
preparing the cell for division.

2 Metaphase
The chromosomes align at the center of the cell, ready to be separated
into the daughter cells.

3 Anaphase
The sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell,
ensuring that each daughter cell receives a complete set of
chromosomes.
Prophase
1 Chromosome Condensation
The chromatin in the nucleus
condenses into visible, individual
chromosomes, preparing for
division.
2 Spindle Formation
The mitotic spindle, composed of
microtubules, begins to form,
which will later help to separate
the chromosomes.

3 Nuclear Envelope Breakdown

The nuclear envelope, which surrounds the nucleus, breaks down, allowing the
chromosomes to interact with the spindle fibers.
Metaphase
Chromosome Alignment Spindle Fiber Attachment

The chromosomes line up at the The spindle fibers attach to the

center of the cell, known as the centromeres of the chromosomes,
metaphase plate, ready to be preparing to pull the sister
separated. chromatids apart.

Tension and Balance

The cell maintains a delicate balance of forces, with the spindle fibers pulling the
chromosomes toward opposite poles.
Anaphase
Chromatid Separation
The sister chromatids are pulled apart, with each chromatid becoming a
separate chromosome.

Chromosome Migration
The chromosomes move toward the opposite poles of the cell, guided by
the spindle fibers.

Pole Positioning
The chromosomes reach the opposite poles of the cell, preparing for the
final stages of division.
Telophase
Nuclear Envelope Chromosome Cell Division Initiation
Reformation Decondensation

The nuclear envelope The chromosomes The cell begins to divide,

reforms around the decondense, returning to forming two genetically
separated chromosome their original, less compact identical daughter cells.
sets, creating two distinct state.
nuclei.
Cytokinesis
Cell Division
The cell physically divides
into two daughter cells, each
with a complete set of
chromosomes.
Cell Wall Formation
In plant cells, a new cell wall
is formed between the
daughter cells, separating
them.
Cytoplasm Separation
The cytoplasm is divided
between the two daughter
cells, ensuring they both have
the necessary cellular
components.
 Interphase
(Cell Resting & Preparation Phase)
In G1 the cell increases in size in preparation for cell division, essential
molecule and proteins needed for making DNA are produced

DNA is produced and chromosomes are replicated.

the cell “double checks” and continues to produce essential

molecules and proteins and increase in size.

https://slideplayer.com/slide/13836594/
 M Phase (Cell Division Phase)

Prophase- Chromosomes become visible, centrioles begin moving to

opposite ends of the cell.
Metaphase- Spindle fibers align the chromosomes at the equatorial plate or
along the middle of the cell. This helps to ensure that in the next phase,
when the chromosomes are separated, each new cell will receive one copy
of each chromosome.
Anaphase- The paired chromosomes or sister chromatids separate and
move to opposite sides of the cell.
Telophase- Chromatids arrive at opposite poles of cell, and new nuclear
membranes form around the daughter nuclei (karyokinesis) to form two
daughter cells as the cytoplasm divides into two (cytokinesis).

https://www.sciencefacts.net/cell-cycle.html
Asynchronous Task!!!!
3. Answer the task ( next slide) in your assignment notebook.
Draw and label using bond paper.
 3. Asynchronous
Draw and Label
Task!!!!
Asynchronous Task!!!!
4. Answer the task ( next slide) in your assignment notebook.
Copy and answer.
4. Asynchronous Task!!!!