Nursing Interventions & Clinical Skills

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Nursing Interventions & Clinical
Skills

SEVENTH EDITION

ANNE GRIFFIN PERRY, RN, MSN,

EdD, FAAN
Professor Emerita
School of Nursing
Southern Illinois University—Edwardsville
Edwardsville, Illinois

PATRICIA A. POTTER, RN, MSN,

PhD, FAAN
Formerly, Director of Research
Patient Care Services
Barnes-Jewish Hospital
St. Louis, Missouri

WENDY R. OSTENDORF, RN, MS,

EdD, CNE
Contributing Faculty
Master's of Science in Nursing
Walden University
Minneapolis, Minnesota
Table of Contents

Cover image

Title Page

Copyright

About the Authors

Contributors

Reviewers

Acknowledgments

Notes From the Authors

Preface to the Instructor

Key Features

New to This Edition

Ancillaries

Unit 1 Quality and Safety in Nursing Practice

1 Using Evidence in Nursing Practice

Introduction

Steps in the EBP Framework

Safe and Effective Nursing Skills and Procedures

Practice Standards

Practice Standards

Benefits of EBP

Practice Reflections

Clinical Review Questions

References

2 Communication and Collaboration

SKILL 2.1 Discharge Planning and Transitional Care

SKILL 2.2 Workplace Violence and Safety

Clinical Review Questions

References

3 Documentation and Informatics

Introduction

Practice Standards

Electronic Health Record

 Evidence-Based Practice

Safety Guidelines

Confidentiality

Legal Guidelines in Documentation

Standards

Guidelines for Quality Documentation

Special Considerations

Practice Reflections

Clinical Review Questions

References

4 Patient Safety and Quality Improvement

SKILL 4.1 Fall Prevention in a Health Care Setting

SKILL 4.2 Designing a Restraint-Free Environment

SKILL 4.3 Applying Physical Restraints

SKILL 4.4 Seizure Precautions

Clinical Review Questions

References

5 Infection Control

SKILL 5.1 Hand Hygiene

 SKILL 5.2 Applying Personal Protective Equipment

SKILL 5.3 Caring for Patients Under Isolation Precautions

SKILL 5.4 Preparing a Sterile Field

SKILL 5.5 Sterile Gloving

Clinical Review Questions

References

6 Disaster Preparedness

SKILL 6.1 Care of a Patient After Biological Exposure

SKILL 6.2 Care of a Patient After Chemical Exposure

SKILL 6.3 Care of a Patient After Radiation Exposure

Clinical Review Questions

References

Unit 2 Patient Assessment Skills

7 Vital Signs

SKILL 7.1 Measuring Body Temperature

SKILL 7.2 Assessing Apical Pulse

SKILL 7.3 Assessing Radial Pulse

SKILL 7.4 Assessing Respirations

SKILL 7.5 Assessing Blood Pressure

 Clinical Review Questions

References

8 Health Assessment

SKILL 8.1 General Survey

SKILL 8.2 Assessing the Head and Neck

SKILL 8.3 Assessing the Thorax and Lungs

SKILL 8.4 Cardiovascular Assessment

SKILL 8.5 Assessing the Abdomen

SKILL 8.6 Assessing the Genitalia and Rectum

SKILL 8.7 Musculoskeletal and Neurological Assessment

Clinical Review Questions

References

9 Specimen Collection

SKILL 9.1 Urine Specimen Collection—Midstream (Clean-

Voided) Urine, Sterile Urinary Catheter

SKILL 9.2 Testing for Gastrointestinal Alterations—Gastroccult

Test, Stool Specimen, and Hemoccult Test

SKILL 9.3 Collecting Nose and Throat Specimens

SKILL 9.4 Collecting a Sputum Specimen

SKILL 9.5 Collecting Wound Drainage Specimens

 SKILL 9.6 Blood Glucose Monitoring

SKILL 9.7 Collecting Blood and Culture Specimens by

Venipuncture (Syringe and Vacutainer Method)

Clinical Review Questions

References

10 Diagnostic Procedures

SKILL 10.1 Intravenous Moderate Sedation

SKILL 10.2 Contrast Media Studies: Arteriogram (Angiogram),

Cardiac Catheterization, Intravenous Pyelogram

SKILL 10.3 Care of Patients Undergoing Aspirations: Bone

Marrow, Lumbar Puncture, Paracentesis, Thoracentesis

SKILL 10.4 Care of Patients Undergoing Bronchoscopy

SKILL 10.5 Care of Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal

Endoscopy

SKILL 10.6 Obtaining a 12-Lead Electrocardiogram

Clinical Review Questions

References

Unit 3 Basic Human Needs

11 Bathing and Personal Hygiene

SKILL 11.1 Complete or Partial Bed Bath

 SKILL 11.2 Performing Mouth Care for an Unconscious or
Debilitated Patient

Clinical Review Questions

References

12 Care of the Eye and Ear

SKILL 12.1 Eye Irrigation

SKILL 12.2 Ear Irrigation

Clinical Review Questions

References

13 Promoting Nutrition

SKILL 13.1 Dysphagia Screening and Assisting With Oral

Nutrition

SKILL 13.2 Aspiration Precautions

SKILL 13.3 Insertion and Removal of a Small-Bore Feeding

Tube

SKILL 13.4 Verifying Placement and Irrigating a Feeding Tube

SKILL 13.5 Administering Enteral Nutrition: Nasogastric,

Nasointestinal, Gastrostomy, or Jejunostomy Tube

Clinical Review Questions

References

14 Parenteral Nutrition
 SKILL 14.1 Administering Central Parenteral Nutrition

SKILL 14.2 Administering Peripheral Parenteral Nutrition With

Lipid (Fat) Emulsion

Clinical Review Questions

References

15 Pain Management

SKILL 15.1 Pain Assessment and Basic Comfort Measures

SKILL 15.2 Nonpharmacological Pain Management

SKILL 15.3 Pharmacological Pain Management

SKILL 15.4 Patient-Controlled Analgesia

SKILL 15.5 Epidural Analgesia

SKILL 15.6 Local Anesthetic Infusion Pump for Analgesia

SKILL 15.7 Moist and Dry Heat Application

SKILL 15.8 Cold Application

Clinical Review Questions

References

16 Promoting Oxygenation

SKILL 16.1 Oxygen Administration

SKILL 16.2 Airway Management: Noninvasive Positive-Pressure

Ventilation
 SKILL 16.3 Airway Management: Suctioning

SKILL 16.4 Care of Artificial Airways

SKILL 16.5 Managing Closed Chest Drainage Systems

Clinical Review Questions

References

Unit 4 Activity and Mobility

17 Safe Patient Handling

SKILL 17.1 Transfer Techniques

SKILL 17.2 Moving and Positioning Patients in Bed

Clinical Review Questions

References

18 Exercise, Mobility, and Immobilization Devices

SKILL 18.1 Assisting With Ambulation (Without Assist Devices)

SKILL 18.2 Use of Canes, Crutches, and Walkers

SKILL 18.3 Care of a Patient With an Immobilization Device

Clinical Review Questions

References

Unit 5 Promoting Elimination

19 Urinary Elimination

SKILL 19.1 Applying a Male Incontinence Device

SKILL 19.2 Insertion of a Straight or Indwelling Catheter

SKILL 19.3 Care and Removal of an Indwelling Catheter

SKILL 19.4 Suprapubic Catheter Care

SKILL 19.5 Performing Catheter Irrigation

Clinical Review Questions

References

20 Bowel Elimination and Gastric Decompression

SKILL 20.1 Administering an Enema

SKILL 20.2 Insertion, Maintenance, and Removal of a

Nasogastric Tube for Gastric Decompression

Clinical Review Questions

References

21 Ostomy Care

SKILL 21.1 Pouching a Bowel Diversion

SKILL 21.2 Pouching a Urostomy

SKILL 21.3 Catheterizing a Urostomy

Clinical Review Questions

References
Unit 6 Medication Administration

22 Preparation for Safe Medication Administration

Introduction

Practice Standards

Evidence-Based Practice

Safety Guidelines

Pharmacokinetics

Drug Actions

Types of Medication Action

Administering Medications

Distribution Systems

Medication Administration Record

Seven Rights of Medication Administration

Medication Preparation

Nursing Process

Reporting Medication Errors

Patient and Family Caregiver Teaching

Handling of Special Medications

Special Considerations
 Practice Reflections

Clinical Review Questions

References

23 Nonparenteral Medications

SKILL 23.1 Administering Oral Medications

SKILL 23.2 Administering Medications Through a Feeding Tube

SKILL 23.3 Applying Topical Medications to the Skin

SKILL 23.4 Instilling Eye and Ear Medications

SKILL 23.5 Using Metered-Dose Inhalers

SKILL 23.6 Using Small-Volume Nebulizers

Clinical Review Questions

References

24 Parenteral Medications

Introduction

Practice Standards

Evidence-Based Practice

Safety Guidelines

Needlestick Prevention

SKILL 24.1 Preparing Injections: Vials and Ampules

 Assessment

SKILL 24.2 Administering Subcutaneous Injections

Assessment

SKILL 24.3 Administering Intramuscular Injections

Injection Sites

Assessment

SKILL 24.4 Administering Intradermal Injections

Assessment

SKILL 24.5 Administering Medications by Intravenous Bolus

Assessment

SKILL 24.6 Administering Intravenous Medications by

Piggyback and Syringe Pumps

Assessment

SKILL 24.7 Administering Medications by Continuous

Subcutaneous Infusion

Assessment

Special Considerations

Practice Reflections

Clinical Review Questions

References

Unit 7 Dressings and Wound Care

25 Wound Care and Irrigation

SKILL 25.1 Performing a Wound Irrigation

SKILL 25.2 Managing Wound Drainage Evacuation

SKILL 25.3 Removing Sutures and Staples

SKILL 25.4 Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy

Clinical Review Questions

References

26 Pressure Injury Prevention and Care

SKILL 26.1 Risk Assessment, Skin Assessment, and Prevention

Strategies

SKILL 26.2 Treatment of Pressure Injuries and Wound

Management

Clinical Review Questions

References

27 Dressings, Bandages, and Binders

SKILL 27.1 Applying a Gauze Dressing (Dry and Damp-to-Dry)

SKILL 27.2 Applying a Pressure Bandage

SKILL 27.3 Applying Hydrocolloid, Hydrogel, Foam, or Alginate

Dressings

Clinical Review Questions

References
Unit 8 Complex Nursing Interventions

28 Intravenous and Vascular Access Therapy

SKILL 28.1 Insertion of a Short-Peripheral Intravenous Device

SKILL 28.2 Regulating Intravenous Infusion Flow Rates

SKILL 28.3 Maintenance of an Intravenous Site

SKILL 28.4 Managing Central Vascular Access Devices

SKILL 28.5 Transfusion of Blood Products

Clinical Review Questions

References

29 Preoperative and Postoperative Care

SKILL 29.1 Preoperative Assessment

SKILL 29.2 Preoperative Teaching

SKILL 29.3 Patient Preparation Before Surgery

SKILL 29.4 Providing Immediate Anesthesia Recovery in the

Postanesthesia Care Unit (PACU)

SKILL 29.5 Providing Early Postoperative (Phase II) and

Convalescent Phase (Phase III) Recovery

Clinical Review Questions

References
30 Emergency Measures for Life Support in the Hospital Setting

SKILL 30.1 Inserting an Oropharyngeal Airway

SKILL 30.2 Using an Automated External Defibrillator

SKILL 30.3 Code Management

Clinical Review Questions

References

Unit 9 Supportive Nursing Interventions

31 End-of-Life Care

SKILL 31.1 Supporting Patients and Families in Grief

SKILL 31.2 Symptom Management at End of Life

SKILL 31.3 Care of the Body After Death

Clinical Review Questions

References

32 Home Care Safety

SKILL 32.1 Home Environment Assessment and Safety

SKILL 32.2 Adapting the Home Setting for Clients With

Cognitive Deficits

SKILL 32.3 Medication and Medical Device Safety

Clinical Review Questions

 References

Appendixes

Appendix A Integrative Practice Reflections

Gerontological Focus

Home Care Focus

Appendix B Abbreviations and Equivalents

Abbreviations for Conversion Using Household Measures

Standard Equivalents, Abbreviations, and Conversions

Symbols

Abbreviations

Answers to Clinical Review Questions

Index

Index of Skills
Copyright
NURSING INTERVENTIONS AND CLINICAL SKILLS, SEVENTH
EDITION ISBN: 978-0-323-54701-7

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About the Authors
Anne Griffin Perry RN, MSN, EdD, FAAN

Dr. Anne G. Perry is Professor Emerita and Former

Interim Dean and Associate Dean of Nursing at Southern Illinois University
—Edwardsville. Dr. Perry was also a Professor and taught at Saint Louis
University School of Nursing for over 30 years and is a Fellow in the
American Academy of Nursing. She received her BSN from the University
of Michigan, her MSN from Saint Louis University, and her EdD from
Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville. Dr. Perry is a prolific and
influential author and speaker. Her work includes four major textbooks
(Essentials for Nursing Practice, Fundamentals of Nursing, Nursing
Interventions and Clinical Skills, and Clinical Nursing Skills and
Techniques), multiple journal articles abstracts, and nursing research and
education grants. She has presented multiple papers at conferences across
the United States. She has acted as an editorial board member of numerous
journals (Journal of Nursing Measurement, Intensive Care Medicine, AACN
Clinical Issues, and Perspectives in Respiratory Nursing), and she was one
of a few key consultants on Mosby's Nursing Skills Videos and Mosby's
Nursing Skills Online.
Patricia A. Potter RN, MSN, PhD, FAAN
 Dr. Patricia Potter received her diploma in nursing from
Barnes School of Nursing; her BSN at the University of Washington in
Seattle, Washington; and her MSN and PhD at Saint Louis University in St.
Louis, Missouri. A ground-breaking author for more than 30 years, her
work includes four major textbooks (Essentials for Nursing Practice,
Fundamentals of Nursing, Nursing Interventions and Clinical Skills, and
Clinical Nursing Skills and Techniques) and multiple journal articles. She
has been an unceasing advocate of evidence-based practice and quality
improvement in her roles as administrator, educator, and researcher.
Dr. Potter has devoted a lifetime to nursing education, practice, and
research. She spent a decade teaching at Barnes Hospital School of Nursing
and Saint Louis University. She entered into a variety of managerial and
administrative roles, ultimately becoming the director of nursing practice
for Barnes-Jewish Hospital. In that capacity she sharpened her interest in
the development of nursing practice standards and measurement of patient
outcomes in defining nursing practice. Her most recent passion has been in
the area of nursing research, specifically cancer family caregiving, the
effects of compassion fatigue on nurses, and fall prevention. Dr. Potter was
most recently the Director of Research for Patient Care Services at Barnes-
Jewish Hospital in St. Louis, Missouri, before her retirement in 2017.
Wendy R. Ostendorf RN, MS, EdD, CNE

Dr. Wendy R. Ostendorf received her BSN from Villanova

University, her MS from the University of Delaware, and her EdD from the
University of Sarasota. She currently serves as a contributing faculty in the
Master's of Science in Nursing at Walden University. She has contributed
over 26 chapters to multiple nursing textbooks and has served as co-author
for Clinical Nursing Skills and Techniques and Nursing Interventions &
Clinical Skills. She has presented over 25 papers at conferences at the local,
national, and international levels.
Professionally, Dr. Ostendorf has a diverse background in pediatric and
adult critical care. She has taught at the undergraduate, master's, and
doctoral level for over 30 years. With decades of practice as a clinician, her
educational experiences have influenced her teaching philosophy and
perceptions of the nursing profession. Dr. Ostendorf's current interests
include the history and image of nursing as it has been represented in film,
as well as the use of dedicated units and preceptors on students’ transition
to practice.
Contributors
Section Editor

Nancy Laplante PhD, RN, AHN-BC

Associate Professor
School of Nursing
Widener University
Chester, Pennsylvania
Contributors to the Seventh Edition

Carolyn Wright Boon MSN, BSN

Assistant Professor, Nursing
Saint Francis Medical Center College of Nursing
Peoria, Illinois

Janice Colwell MS, CWOCN, FAAN

Advanced Practice Nurse
General Surgery
University of Chicago Medicine
Chicago, Illinois

M. Elayne DeSimone PhD, RN, NP-C, FAANP

Clinical Professor, Director Master's Program
Nursing
Widener University
Chester, Pennsylvania

Jane Fellows MSN, CWOCN-AP

Wound/Ostomy CNS
Advanced Clinical Practice
Duke University Health System
Durham, North Carolina
Susan Fetzer BA, BSN, MSN, MBA, PhD
Professor
College of Health and Human Services
University of New Hampshire
Durham, New Hampshire;
Director of Research
Patient Care Services
Southern New Hampshire Medical Center
Nashua, New Hampshire

Paula A. Gray DNP, CRNP, NP-C

Director, Family (Individual Across the Lifespan) CRNP Program
Nursing
Widener University
Chester, Pennsylvania;
Clinical Associate Professor of Nursing
School of Nursing
Widener University
Chester, Pennsylvania;
Nurse Practitioner
Family Physicians at Middletown
Crozer-Keystone Health Systems
Media, Pennsylvania

Christina Gresh MSN, RN

Nurse Care Coordinator, Nursing
Abington Jefferson Health
Abington, Pennsylvania

Carol Ann Liebold RN, BSN, CRNI

President/Owner
Operations
CarolAnn Liebold, Inc.
Earlton, New York

Amy Luckowski PhD RN CCRN CNE

Assistant Professor, Nursing
Neumann University
Aston, Pennsylvania;
RN, Postanesthesia Care Unit
Chester County Hospital
West Chester, Pennsylvania

Nelda Martin MSN

Clinical Nurse Specialist
Heart and Vascular
Barnes-Jewish Hospital
St. Louis, Missouri

Carrie Monson ADN, BSN, MSN

Registered Nurse
5D Medical
Christiana Care Health System
Newark, Delaware

Pamela Ostby PhD, RN, OCN, CLT

Research Specialist, Nursing
University of Missouri—Columbia
Columbia, Missouri

Theresa Pietsch PhD, RN, CRRN, CNE

Associate Professor & Associate Dean of the Undergraduate Nursing
Program
Division of Nursing & Health Sciences
Neumann University
Aston, Pennsylvania

Cherie R. Rebar PhD, MBA, RN, COI

Professor of Nursing
Wittenberg University
Springfield, Ohio;
Adjunct Faculty, Nursing
Mercy College
Toledo, Ohio;
Affiliate Faculty, Nursing
Indiana Wesleyan University
Marion, Indiana

Jackie Saleeby PhD, RN

Associate Professor
Catherine McAuley School of Nursing
Maryville University
St. Louis, Missouri

Beth Taylor DCN, RD-AP, CNSC, FCCM

Research Scientist
Department of Research for Patient Care Services
Barnes-Jewish Hospital
St. Louis, Missouri
Contributors to Previous Editions

Elizabeth A. Ayello RN, BSN, MS, PhD, CS, CETN

Margaret R. Benz RN, MSN(R), BC, APN

Barbara J. Berger MSN, RN

V. Christine Champagne APRN, BC

Aurelie Chinn RN, MSN

Kelly Jo Cone PhD, RN, CNE

Patricia Conley RN, MSN, PCCN

Karen S. Conners RNC, MSN

Eileen Costantinou MSN, RN

Deborah Crump RN, MS, CHPN

Sheila A. Cunningham BSN, MSN

Ruth Curchoe RN, MSN, CIC

Wanda Cleveland Dubuisson PhD, RN

Julie Eddins RN, BSN, MSN, CRNI

Deborah Oldenburg Erickson RN, BSN, MSN

Joan O. Ervin RN, BSN, MN, CCRN

Melba J. Figgins MSN, BSN

Janet B. Fox-Moatz RN, BSN, MSN

Lynn C. Hadaway MEd, RNC, CRNI

Amy Hall RN, PhD

Roberta L. Harrison PhD, RN, CRRN

Susan A. Hauser RN, BSN, BA, MS

Diane M. Heizer MSN, RN

Anne Marie Herlihey DNP, RN, CNOR

Mimi Hirshberg RN, MSN

Carolyn Chaney Hoskins RN, BSN, MSN

Maureen B. Huhmann MS, RD

Meredith Hunt MSN, RNC, NP

Nancy Jackson RN, BSN, MSN(R), CCRN

Linda L. Kerby RN-C-R, BSN, MA, BA

Marilee Kuhrik BSN, MSN, PhD

Nancy Kuhrik BSN, MSN, PhD

Amy Lawn BSN, MS, CIC

Kristine M. L'Ecuyer RN, MSN, CCNS

Antoinette Kanne Ledbetter RN, BSN, MS, TNS

Catherine Limbaugh RN, BSN, MSN, ACNS-BC, OCN

Mary MacDonald RN, MSN

Mary Kay Knight Macheca, MSN(R), RN, CS, ANP, CDE

Cynthia L. Maskey RN, MS

Constance C. Maxey RN-BC, MSN

Barbara Maxwell MS, RN, LNC

Angela McConachie DNP, FNP-C

Barbara McGeever RN, RSM, BSN, MSN, DNSc

Mary “Dee” Miller RN, BSN, MS, CIC

Peter R. Miller RN, MSN, ONC

Rose M. Miller RN, BSN, MSN, MPA, ACLS

Karen Montalto RN, DNSc

Kathleen Mulryan RN, BSN, MSN

Elaine K. Neel RN, BSN, MSN

Kim Campbell Oliveri RN, MS, CS

Marsha Evans Orr RN, MS

Shirley E. Otto MSN, RN, AOCN

Deborah Paul-Cheadle RN

Elizabeth S. Pratt DNP, RN, ACNS-BC

Roberta J. Richmond MSN, RN, CCRN

Paulette D. Rollant RN, BSN, MSN, PhD, CCRN

Linette M. Sarti RN, BSN, CNOR

Lynn Schallom RN, MSN, CCRN, CCNS

Kelly Schwartz RN, BSN

Julie Snyder RN, MSN, BC

Amy Spencer MSN, RN-BC

Phyllis G. Stallard BSN, MSN, ACCE

Victoria Steelman PhD, RN, CNOR

Patricia A. Stockert RN, PhD

E. Bradley Strecker PhD, RN, CRRN

Virginia Strootman RN, MSN, CRNI

Sue G. Thacker RNC, BSN, MS, PhD

Donna L. Thompson MSN, CRNP, FNP-BC, CCCN

Nancy Tomaselli RN, MSN, CS, CRNP, CWOCN, CLNC

Stephanie Trinkl BSN, MSN

Kathryn Tripp BSN

Paula Vehlow RN, MS

Pamela Becker Weilitz MSN(R), RN, CN, ANP

Jana L. Weindel-Dees RN, BSN, MSN

Joan Domigan Wentz MSN, RN

Trudie Wierda RN, MSN

Laurel A. Wiersema-Bryant MSN, RN, CS

Terry L. Wood PhD, RN, CNE

Rita Wunderlich MSN, PhD

Rhonda Yancey BSN, RN

Valerie J. Yancey PhD, RN, HNC, CHPN

Reviewers
Michelle Aebersold PhD, RN, CHSE, FAAN
Clinical Associate Professor
Director-Simulation and Education Innovation
School of Nursing
University of Michigan
Howell, Michigan

Jennifer Brunworth BA, MSN, RN

Assistant Professor of Nursing
Coordinator, Nursing Learning Labs
Maryville University
St. Louis, Missouri

Kimberly Clevenger EdD, MSN, RN, BC

Associate Professor of Nursing
Morehead State University
Morehead, Kentucky

Eileen Costantinou MSN, RN-BC

Practice Specialist, Program Coordinator
Barnes-Jewish Hospital Center for Practice Excellence
St. Louis, Missouri

Holly Johanna Diesel PhD, RN

Associate Professor and Academic Chair of the Accelerated and RN to BSN
Program
Goldfarb School of Nursing at Barnes-Jewish College
St. Louis, Missouri

Amber Essman DNP, MSN, FNP-BC

Visiting Professor
Chamberlain College of Nursing
Moses Lake, Washington

Margaret M. Gingrich MSN, CRNP

Professor of Nursing
Harrisburg Area Community College
Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

Jacqueline A. Guhde MSN, RN

Senior Instructor
School of Nursing
The University of Akron
Akron, Ohio

Vickey Keathly MSN, RN

ABSN Clinical Nurse Educator
School of Nursing
Duke University
Durham, North Carolina

Christina D. Keller MSN, RN, CHSE

Instructor of Nursing
Radford University Clinical Simulation Center
Radford, Virginia

Patricia T. Ketcham RN, MSN

Director of Nursing Laboratories
School of Nursing
Oakland University
Rochester, Michigan

Vicky J. King RN, MS, CNE

Nursing Faculty
Cochise College
Sierra Vista, Arizona

Janis Longfield McMillan RN, MSN, CNE

Associate Clinical Professor
Northern Arizona University
Flagstaff, Arizona

Sarah E. Newton PhD, RN

Associate Professor
School of Nursing
Oakland University
Rochester, Michigan

Rebecca Otten EdD, RN

Professor Emeritus
California State University
Fullerton, California

Jill R. Reed PhD, APRN-NP

Assistant Professor
College of Nursing
University of Nebraska Medical Center
Kearney Division
Omaha, Nebraska

Diane M. Rudolphi MSN, RN

Medical-Surgical Clinical Faculty
School of Nursing
University of Delaware
Newark, Delaware

Susan Parnell Scholtz RN, PhD

Associate Professor of Nursing
Moravian College
Bethlehem, Pennsylvania

Benjamin A. Smallheer PhD, RN, ACNP-BC, FNP-BC, CCRN, CNE

Assistant Professor of Nursing
Lead Faculty, Adult-Gerontology Acute Care Nurse Practitioner Program
School of Nursing
Duke University
Durham, North Carolina
Peter D. Smith BA, MSN, RN
Clinical Education Specialist
Barnes-Jewish Hospital
St. Louis, Missouri

Lynne L. Tier MSN, RN, LNC

Assistant Director of Simulation
Adventist University of Health Sciences
Orlando, Florida

Heidi Tymkew PT, DPT, MHS, CCS

Research Scientist
Barnes-Jewish Hospital
St. Louis, Missouri

Susan A. Wheaton RN, BSN, MSN

Lecturer in Nursing
Learning Resource Director
School of Nursing
University of Maine
Orono, Maine

Paige D. Wimberly PhD, CNS-BS, CNS

Associate Professor of Nursing
Arkansas State University
Jonesboro, Arkansas

Jean Yockey PhD, FNP, CNE

Assistant Professor
University of South Dakota
Vermillion, South Dakota
Acknowledgments
Thanks to the talented and dedicated professionals at Elsevier: Tamara
Myers, Director, who has provided support, leadership, enthusiasm, and a
healthy sense of humor during the revision process; Tina Kaemmerer,
Senior Content Development Specialist, and Melissa Rawe, Content
Development Specialist, who spent countless hours keeping the author team
informed and organized. Their commitment to accuracy and dedication to
quality kept the project on target; Jodi Willard, Senior Project Manager,
whose organization, careful editing, kindness, and continuous support for
this project throughout the production process helped to ensure an accurate,
high quality, consistent book; Julie Eddy, Publishing Services Manager,
who contributed support throughout the process; and Renee Duenow, whose
creativity provides an attractive and unique visual appeal to the text. These
contributions significantly enhance the learning process.
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