Shape of cell: Coccus (round), Bacillus (rod), Spirillum (spiral), Vibrio (comma)

Bacteria Gram Stain: Gram positive (Bacillus sp.) & Gram negative (E. coli)
e.g: E.coli diversity
prokaryote
Cyanobacteria : Nostoc sp. , Anabaena sp. Flagella Cilia Pseudopodia No structure
3
prokaryote
DOMAINS e.g: Sulfolobus sp. e.g: Euglena sp. e.g: Paramecium sp. e.g: Amoeba sp. e.g: Plasmodium sp.

eukaryote
BIODIVERSITY Different locomotive structure
Animal-like
4P
4K
2G e.g: Chlamydomonas sp. e.g: Fucus sp.
Plant-like 2P Green pigment Brown pigment
Mostly unicellular, some multicellular e.g: Mangifera indica
Different photosynthetic pigment
Different spore bearing structure
3P Ascomycota Zygomycota Basidiomycota
e.g: Zea mays
Multicellular, saprophytic (heterotrophic)
e.g: Penicillium sp. e.g: Rhizopus sp. e.g: Agaricus sp.
Saccharomyces sp.
2C

4G
Multicellular, photosynthetic (autotropic) 1P
3P 2P 4P
e.g: Leucosolenia sp.
Multicellular,
Holozoic e.g: Pinus sp. e.g: Ginkgo sp.
e.g: Polytrichum sp. e.g: Anthoceros sp. e.g: Dryopteris sp.
(heterotrophic)

e.g: Obelia sp. e.g: Cycas sp. e.g: Gnetum sp.

e.g: Marchantia sp. e.g: Lycopodium sp.
9P Selaginella sp.

e.g:Amphioxus sp.
e.g: Taenia sp.
e.g: Ascaris sp. e.g: Valanga sp. e.g: Asterias sp.
e.g: Pheretima sp. e.g: Achatina sp.
Brugia malayi

Taxonomy:

D____________ > K______________ > P___________ > C___________ > O_____________ > F___________ > G____________ > S________________
 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DOMAIN BACTERIA AND DOMAIN ARCHAEA

Thick peptidoglycan layer Thin peptidoglycan layer

in cell wall to retain in cell wall hence cannot
crystal violet stain even retain crystal violet stain
after decolorized by but retain the counterstain
alcohol. which is safranin.

COMPARISON BETWEEN DOMAIN BACTERIA AND DOMAIN ARCHAEA COMPARISON BETWEEN GRAM POSITIVE AND GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIA

Roles of Bacteria:
I. _________________________________________ (nitrogen fixation)
II. ______________ (enterobacteria in human intestine, e.g E. coli)
III. _________________ (causes disease)
IV. ______________________ (Food production, biotechnology)
DIFFERENCES AMONG PHYLA IN PROTOZOA