10

Schgocg
Quartgr 2 – Ijbufg 1;
Lgdavhjr je Nasgs
Schgocg – Nrabg 10
Aftgroathvg
Aftgroathv g Bgfhvgry Ijbg
Quartgr 2 – Ijbufg 1; Lgdavhjr je Nasgs
Ehrst Gbhthjo, <0<0

\gpulfhc Act 4<83, sgcthjo 1>5 statgs tdat; Oj cjpyrhndt sdaff sulshst ho aoy wjrm
je tdg Njvgroigot je tdg Pdhfhpphogs. Djwgvgr, prhjr apprjvaf je tdg njvgroigot angocy jr
jeehcg wdgrgho tdg wjrm hs crgatgb sdaff lg ogcgssary ejr tdg gxpfjhtathjo je sucd wjrm ejr a

prjeht. Sucd angocy jr jeehcg iay, aijon jtdgr tdhons, hipjsg as a cjobhthjo tdg payigot je
rjyafthgs.

Ljrrjwgb iatgrhafs (h.g., sjons, stjrhgs, pjgis, phcturgs, pdjtjs, lraob oaigs,
trabgiarms, gtc.) hocfubgb ho tdhs ijbufg arg jwogb ly tdghr rgspgcthvg cjpyrhndt djfbgrs.
Gvgry geejrt das lggo gxgrtgb tj fjcatg aob sggm pgrihsshjo tj usg tdgsg iatgrhafs erji
tdghr rgspgcthvg cjpyrhndt jwogrs. Rdg pulfhsdgr aob autdjrs bj ojt rgprgsgot ojr cfahi
jwogrsdhp jvgr tdgi.

Pulfhsdgb ly tdg Bgpartigot je Gbucathjo

Sgcrgtary; Fgjojr Iantjfhs Lrhjogs
Wobgrsgcrgtary;
Wobgrsgcrgtar y; Bhjsbabj I. Sao Aotjohj

Bgvgfjpigot
Bgvgfjpigot Rgai je tdg Ijbufg

^rhtgr; Kjy A. Cucdapho

Gbhtjr; Aoo Cdrhsthao
Cdrhsthao A. Eraochscj
\gvhgwgr; ^hffhai Chogosg
Hffustratjr; Barhus Gsculhj
Fayjut Arthst; ^gosby S. Cashj
Iaoangigot Rgai; Iay L. Gcfar, CGSJ HHH
Fhlraba I. \ulhj, PdB
Ia. Gbhtda \. Caparas. GbB
Ogstjr \. Ougsca, GbB
Farry L. Gsphrhtu, PdB

\jbjfej A. Bhzjo, PdB

Iary Quggo P. Jrphffa, PdB

Prhotgb ho tdg Pdhfhpphogs ly ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ

ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ

Bgpartigot
Bgpartigot je Gbucathjo – \gnhjo HHH

Jeehcg Abbrgss; Iatafhoj

Iatafhoj St., Bhjsbabj Iacapanaf Cgotgr
Iahiphs, Chty je Sao Egroaobj (P)
Rgfgeax; (027) 784-4740 tj 48
G-iahf Abbrgss; rgnhjo3@bgpgb.njv.pd

hh
 10

Schgocg
Quartgr 2 – Ijbufg 1;
Lgdavhjr je Nasgs
Hotrjbuctjry Igssang
Rdg Sgfe-Fgarohon Ijbufg (SFI) hs prgpargb sj tdat yju, jur bgar fgarogrs, cao
cjothoug yjur stubhgs aob fgaro wdhfg at djig. Acthvhthgs, qugsthjos, bhrgcthjos,
gxgrchsgs, aob bhscusshjos arg cargeuffy statgb ejr yju tj uobgrstaob gacd fgssjo.

Gacd SFI hs cjipjsgb je bheegrgot parts. Gacd part sdaff nuhbg yju stgp ly stgp as
yju bhscjvgr aob uobgrstaob tdg fgssjo prgpargb
prgpargb ejr yju.

Prg-tgsts arg prjvhbgb tj igasurg yjur prhjr mojwfgbng jo fgssjos ho gacd SFI.
Rdhs whff tgff
t gff yju he yju oggb
o ggb tj prjcggb whtd cjipfgthon tdhs ijbufg jr he yju oggb
og gb
tj asm yjur eachfhtatjr jr yjur tgacdgr‘s asshstaocg ejr a lgttgr uobgrstaobhon je tdg
fgssjo. At tdg gob je gacd ijbufg, yju oggb tj aoswgr tdg pjst-tgst tj sgfe-cdgcm
yjur fgarohon. Aoswgr mgys arg prjvhbgb ejr gacd acthvhty aob tgst. ^g trust tdat
yju whff lg djogst ho ushon tdgsg.
tdgsg.

Ho abbhthjo tj tdg iatgrhaf ho tdg iaho tgxt, Ojtgs tj tdg Rgacdgr arg afsj prjvhbgb
tj jur eachfhtatjrs aob pargots ejr stratgnhgs jr rgihobgrs jo djw tdgy cao lgst
dgfp yju jo yjur djig-lasgb fgarohon.

Pfgasg usg tdhs ijbufg whtd carg. Bj ojt put uoogcgssary iarms jo aoy part je
tdhs SFI. Wsg a sgparatg sdggt je papgr ho aoswgrhon tdg gxgrchsgs aob tgsts. Aob
rgab tdg hostructhjos cargeuffy lgejrg pgrejrihon gacd tasm.

He yju davg aoy qugsthjos ho ushon tdhs SFI jr aoy bheehcufty ho aoswgrhon tdg tasms
ho tdg ijbufg, bj ojt dgshtatg tj cjosuft yjur tgacdgr jr eachfhtatjr.

Rdaom yju.

1
 ^dat H Oggb tj Mojw

Rdhs ijbufg was bgshnogb aob wrhttgo whtd yju ho ihob. Ht hs dgrg tj dgfp
yju iastgr tdg Lgdavhjr je Nasgs. Rdg scjpg je tdhs ijbufg pgrihts ht tj lg usgb ho
iaoy bheegrgot fgarohon shtuathjos. Rdg faonuang usgb rgcjnohzgs tdg bhvgrsg
vjcalufary fgvgf je stubgots. Rdg fgssjos arg arraongb tj ejffjw tdg staobarb
sgqugocg je tdg cjursg. Lut tdg jrbgr ho wdhcd yju rgab tdgi cao lg cdaongb tj
cjrrgspjob whtd tdg tgxtljjm yju arg ojw ushon.

Rdg ijbufg hs bhvhbgb hotj twj fgssjos, oaigfy;

 Fgssjo 1 – Bgscrhlhon Nasgs

 Fgssjo < – Rdg Nas Faws

Aetgr njhon tdrjund tdhs ijbufg, yju arg gxpgctgb tj;

1. hbgothey tdg bheegrgot prjpgrthgs je nasgs=

<. gxpfaho tdg Mhogthc Ijfgcufar Rdgjry je Nasgs= aob

3. hovgsthnatg tdg rgfathjosdhp lgtwggo; (S10IR-HUa-l-<1)
a. vjfuig aob prgssurg at a cjostaot tgipgraturg je a nas=
l. vjfuig aob tgipgraturg at a cjostaot prgssurg je a nas= aob
c. gxpfaho tdg rgfathjosdhp je vjfuig, prgssurg, aob tgipgraturg ushon
tdg mhogthc ijfgcufar tdgjry.

<
 ^dat H Mojw

Bhrgcthjos ; \gab gacd htgi cargeuffy. Cdjjsg tdg fgttgr je tdg lgst aoswgr aob
wrhtg ht ho yjur ojtgljjm/jo a sgparatg sdggt je papgr.

1. ^dhcd je tdg ejffjwhon cdaractgrhsthcs lgst bgscrhlgs nas:

a. Nasgs arg fhndtgr tdao ahr.
l. Nasgs davg dhnd bgoshthgs.
c. Nasgs gxdhlht shihfar cdgihcaf lgdavhjr.
b. Nasgs bj ojt davg bgehohtg sdapg aob vjfuig.

<. Djw arg nas parthcfgs bgscrhlgb accjrbhon tj tdg Mhogthc Ijfgcufar Rdgjry:
a. Nasgs davg iass.
l. Nas parthcfgs ijvg raphbfy ho strahndt fhogs, travgf cjos taotfy, aob ho a
raobji bhrgcthjo.
c. Nas parthcfgs cjffhbg whtd gacd jtdgr aob whtd tdg waffs je tdg
cjotahogr ho a pgregctfy gfasthc iaoogr.
b. Aff je tdg aljvg

3. ^dhcd je tdg ejffjwhon cdaongs whff rgsuft tj a bgcrgasg ho nas prgssurg:

a. Abbhon ijrg nas parthcfgs
l. Hocrgashon tdg tgipgraturg
c. Fhqugeyhon tdg nas parthcfgs
b. Hocrgashon tdg vjfuig je tdg cjotahogr

2. ^dhcd nas faw bgscrhlgs tdg rgfathjosdhp lgtwggo prgssurg aob vjfuig at
cjostaot tgipgraturg:
a. Avjnabrj‘s Faw
l. Ljyfg‘s Faw
c. Cdarfgs‘ Faw
b. Nay-
Nay-Fussac‘s
Fussac‘s Faw

7. ^dhcd je tdg ejffjwhon hs ojt gquaf tj 1.00 ati je prgssurg:

a. >50 ci Dn
l. >50 ii Dn
c. >50 tjrr
b. 101,3<7 Pa

5. ^dhcd nas faw hs a cjilhoathjo je aff nas faws:

a. Ljyfg‘s Faw
l. Cdarfgs‘ Faw
c. Nay-Fussac‘s
Nay-Fussac‘s Faw
b. Hbgaf nas Faw

3
>. ^dhcd je tdg ejffjwhon hs tdg staobarb uoht je vjfuig:
v jfuig:
a. fhtgr
l. ii Dn
c. sgcjob
b. tjrr

4. ^dj ejriufatgb tdg faw wdhcd statgs tdat tdg vjfuig je a ehxgb aijuot je nas

at cjostaot prgssurg hs bhrgctfy prjpjrthjoaf tj hts alsjfutg tgipgraturg:

a. Aigbgj Avjnabrj
l. Kacqugs Afgxaobgr Cdarfgs
c. Kjsgpd Fjuhs Nay-Fussac
b. \jlgrt Ljyfg

8. ^dhcd je tdg ejffjwhon lgst bgscrhlgs Avjnabrj‘s Faw:

a. At cjostaot prgssurg aob vjfuig, tdg tgipgraturg je nas hs bhrgctfy
rgfatgb tj hts ouilgr je ijfgs
l. At cjostaot tgipgraturg aob prgssurg, tdg vjfuig je nas hs bhrgctfy
rgfatgb tj hts ouilgr je ijfgs
c. At cjostaot vjfuig aob ouilgr je ijfgs, tdg tgipgraturg je nas hs
bhrgctfy rgfatgb tj hts prgssurg
b. At cjostaot vjfuig aob tgipgraturg, tdg prgssurg je nas hs bhrgctfy
rgfatgb tj hts ouilgr je ijfgs

10. ^dhcd je tdg ejffjwhon gxprgssgs ao hovgrsg prjpjrthjoafhty:

a. As o hocrgasgs, P hocrgasgs
l. As o hocrgasgs, U hocrgasgs
c. As P hocrgasgs, U bgcrgasgs
b. As R bgcrgasgs, P bgcrgasgs

2
Fgssjo
Bgscrhlhon Nasgs
1
Rdgrg arg tdrgg statgs je iattgr, oaigfy sjfhbs, fhquhbs, aob nasgs. Aff statgs
s tatgs
je iattgr bheegr ho tdghr prjpgrthgs lasgb jo tdg arraongigot je tdghr parthcfgs. Sjfhb
parthcfgs arg thndtfy pacmgb, usuaffy ho a rgnufar pattgro, fhquhb parthcfgs arg cfjsg
tjngtdgr whtd oj rgnufar arraongigot, wdhfg nas parthcfgs arg wgff sgparatgb whtd
oj rgnufar arraongigot.

^dat‘s Ho

Acthvhty 1; EACR J\ LFWEE

Bhrgcthjos ; ^rhtg tdg wjrb EACR he tdg statgigot bhscussgs eactuaf hoejriathjo
aob LFWEE he jtdgrwhsg. ^rhtg yjur aoswgrs ho yjur ojtgljjm/jo a sgparatg sdggt
je papgr.

1. Nasgs davg fjw bgoshthgs.

<. ^atgr vapjr hs a ihxturg je nas.
3. Jzjog hs a nas at rjji tgipgraturg.
2. Nasgs gxpaob wdgo ijrg prgssurg hs appfhgb.
7. Nasgs assuig tdg vjfuig aob sdapg
s dapg je tdghr cjotahogrs.
5. Nasgs arg tdg ijst stubhgb aob gashfy uobgrstjjb statgs je iattgr.
>. Rdg dhndgr tdg tgipgraturg je a nas, tdg sfjw
sfjwgr
gr hts parthcfgs arg ijvhon.
4. Wobgr tdg ojriaf atijspdgrhc cjobhthjos, tdgrg arg jofy ghndt gfgigots tdat arg
nasgs.
8. At SRP, tdg staobarb tgipgraturg aob prgssurg arg <>3 M aob 1 ati,
rgspgcthvgfy.
10. Nasgs arg sj cjiprgsshlfg lgcausg
lgcaus g tdgy cjoshst ijstfy je gipty s
spacg
pacg lgtwggo
parthcfgs.

7
 ^dat‘s Ogw

Acthvhty <; Djw bjgs nas lgdavg:

(Abaptgb erji; SCHGOCG FHOMS 10 ^jrmtgxt ejr Schgothehc aob Rgcdojfjny Fhtgracy,
\gvhsgb Gbhthjo)
Bhrgcthjos ; Pgrejri tdg acthvhty lgfjw aob wrhtg yjur jlsgrvathjos aob aoswgrs tj
tdg nuhbg qugsthjos ho yjur ojtgljjm/jo a sgparatg sdggt je papgr

Iatgrhafs; jrbhoary party laffjjo, gipty <-fhtgr pfasthc sjba ljttfg

Prjcgburg;
1. Pusd ao jrbhoary party laffjjo hotj ao gipty <-fhtgr pfasthc sjba ljttfg.

<. Strgtcd tdg laffjjo‘s ijutdphgcg jvgr tdg jpgohon je tdg ljttfg. Lfjw hotj
tdg laffjjo.

3. Lfjw up ao hbgothcaf laffjjo jutshbg tdg sjba ljttfg tj sgrvg as a

cjiparhsjo.

Nuhbg Qugsthjos;
1. Djw lhn bjgs tdg laffjjo ho tdg sjba ljttfg ngt:
<. Djw lhn bjgs tdg laffjjo jutshbg tdg sjba ljttfg ngt:
3. Gxpfaho tdg bheegrgocg.

5
 ^dat hs Ht

Prjpgrthgs je Nasgs
Nas hs tdg statg je iattgr tdat das parthcfgs tdat arg erggfy ijvhon aob arg
ear erji gacd jtdgr, wdhcd iamgs tdgi dhndfy cjiprgsshlfg.

Nasgs davg hipjrtaot euobaigotaf prjpgrthgs tdat arg igasuralfg sucd as

vjfuig, prgssurg, tgipgraturg, aob tdg aijuot je tdg nas jr tdg ouilgr je ijfgs.
ijfgs .

Ujfuig
Ujfuig, wdhcd hs jog je tdg igasuralfg prjpgrthgs je nas, hs bgojtgb ly tdg
syiljf U. Ht hs tdg aijuot je spacg jccuphgb ly a nas saipfg. Hts SH uoht hs ho fhtgrs
(F). Ht cao afsj lg gxprgssgb ho ihffhfhtrgs (iF), culhc cgothigtgr (ci 3), culhc igtgr
(i3), aob culhc bgchigtgr (bi3).

1 F 9 1 bi 3 9 1000 iF 9 1000 ci 3

Prgssurg
Prgssurg hs tdg ogxt hipjrtaot igasuralfg prjpgrty je tdg nas, wdhcd hs
bgojtgb ly tdg syiljf P. Prgssurg je tdg nas hs tdg ejrcg gxgrtgb ly tdg nas pgr
uoht arga. Ho gquathjo;
Prgssurg (P) 9 ejrcg (E) / arga (A)

Rdg SH uoht usgb ejr prgssurg hs pascaf (Pa), oaigb aetgr

a etgr Lfahsg Pascaf. Rdhs
uoht hs gquhvafgot tj ejrcg je 1 ogwtjo, acthon jo 1 squarg igtgr.

1 Pa 9 1 O / 1 i <

Jtdgr uohts je prgssurg arg atijspdgrg (ati), ihffhigtrg je igrcury

(iiDn). Rjrr, lar, mhfjpascaf (mPa), aob pjuobs pgr squarg hocd (psh).

1 ati 9 >50 iiDn 9 >50 tjrr 9 1.013<7 lar 9 101.3<7 mPa 9 101.3<7 x 103 Oi 3

Rgipgraturg

Rdg tgipgraturg hs bgojtgb ly tdg fgttgr R. Rdg tgipgraturg je a nas

bgpgobs jo hts mhogthc gogrny. Nasgs gxpaob wdgo tdg tgipgraturg hs hocrgasgb.
Rdg tgipgraturg
t gipgraturg je nas hs gxprgssgb ho Eadrgodght
Ea drgodght (jE), Cgothnrabg jr Cgfshus ( jC),
aob Mgfvho (M).

Rdjund wg jetgo usg tdg Cgfshus bgnrgg wdgo bgafhon whtd tgipgraturg
hovjfvhon nasgs, wg afways gxprgss ht ho Mgfvho tgipgraturg. Rdg uoht Mgfvho was
oaigb aetgr Fjrb Mgfvho, a Scjtthsd pdyshchst wdj das hbgothehgb tdg fjwgst
attahoalfg tgipgraturg mojwo as alsjfutg zgrj whtd a vafug je -<>3jC, dgocg, tdg
Mgfvho tgipgraturg scafg.
j
Rj cjovgrt Cgfshus tj Mgfvho, wg usg
usg tdg gquathjo M 9 C + <>3

>
Aijuot jr Ouilgr je Ijfgs

Rdg aijuot je nas (jr iass) hs aojtdgr igasuralfg prjpgrty je nas. Rdg
iass je tdg nas hs rgfatgb tj hts ouilgr je ijfgs aob hs ngograffy gxprgssgb ho
mhfjnrai (mn) jr nrai (n).

Ouilgr je ijfgs 9 iass je tdg nas/ijfar

nas/ ijfar iass je tdg nas

Ho syiljfs, o 9 i /I

Mhogthc Ijfgcufar Rdgjry je Nasgs

Rdg prjpgrthgs je nasgs cao

c ao lg gxpfahogb ho tgris
t gris je tdghr ijfgcufar ijthjo.
ijthj o.
Rdg hbgas aljut ijfgcufar
ijf gcufar ijthjo wgrg bgvgfjpgb
bgvg fjpgb hotj tdg mhogthc ijfgcufar
ijf gcufar tdgjry
ly \ubjfe Cfaushus, Kaigs Iaxwgff, aob Fubwhn Ljftziao. Rdg mhogthc ijfgcufar
tdgjry je nasgs hs a ijbgf tdat cjufb dgfp us uobgrstaob tdg lgdavhjr je nasgs. Hts
pjstufatgs arg tdg ejffjwhon;

1. A nas cjoshsts je vgry siaff parthcfgs. Rdg parthcfgs arg ho cjostaot, raobji,
aob strahndt-fhog ijthjo.
<. Rdg parthcfgs je a nas arg sgparatgb ly bhstaocgs iucd farngr tdao tdghr shzg.
Rdg attracthvg ejrcgs lgtwggo parthcfgs arg ognfhnhlfg, aob tdg parthcfgs act
hobgpgobgotfy je jog aojtdgr.
3. Rdg nas parthcfgs cjffhbg whtd gacd
gac d jtdgr aob whtd tdg waffs je tdg cjotahogr ho a
pgregctfy gfasthc iaoogr. Aetgr gacd cjffhshjo, tdg tjtaf gogrny je tdg systgi hs
tdg saig.
2. Rdg avgrang mhogthc gogrny je tdg nas parthcfgs hs prjpjrthjoaf tj tdg alsjfutg
(mgfvho) tgipgraturg. As tdg tgipgraturg hocrgasgs, tdg nas parthcfgs ijvg
eastgr.

4
 ^dat‘s Ijrg

Acthvhty 3; ^jrb Sgarcd

Bhrgcthjos ; Sgarcd at fgast 10 wjrbs tdat arg rgfatgb tj tdg igasuralfg prjpgrthgs
je nasgs. ^rhtg tdgi ho yjur ojtgljjm/jo a sgparatg sdggt
s dggt je papgr.

R Q ^ G \ R X W H J G A S B E N D K G

\ G I G I L G \ H F G F L A G U J F [

A ^ I I W F C U C F W G A F H A J J T

I A A P R W W H G U J I H I G I I S C

J K P \ G G R C W R G W X S F A S G U

W N G \ P \ G G Q \ X F ^ G S \ P N C

O O D I A U A A B E N J K M F A A J G
R H H P O H \ R I C J U G \ H S I O F

J \ F F G J A O W ^ G \ G R X P A J S

E G F H R G \ A G \ \ R X U \ \ P S H

N B N G G F G N N K G U C G T A S \ W

A O F \ \ G S F H I A S S R \ X A W S

S A J \ R R P R C P A S C A F G F J G

C ^ J W O \ H H \ P H Q J \ R \ R X \

A R ^ J A W L G R L L A M G F U H O W

\ ^ G S P W W Q F W I B C A G X G S H

G C L W C \ X G \ W S S G \ P P A \ E

8
Acthvhty 2. Mhogthc Ijfgcufar Rdgjry
Bhrgcthjos; ^rhtg R\WG he tdg statgigot hs accuratg aob EAFSG he tdg statgigot hs
efawgb. ^rhtg yjur aoswgrs ho yjur ojtgljjm/jo a sgparatg sdggt je papgr.

1. Rdg parthcfgs arg ho cjostaot, raobji, aob strahndt-fhog ijthjo.

<. Rdg attracthvg ejrcgs aijon parthcfgs arg ognfhnhlfg.
3. Rdg avgrang mhogthc gogrny je tdg nas parthcfgs hs gquaf tj tdg alsjfutg
tgipgraturg.
2. Rdg cjffhshjo je tdg parthcfgs whtd gacd jtdgr aob whtd tdg waffs je tdg cjotahogr
cdaongs tdg mhogthc gogrny je tdg parthcfgs.
7. Rdg parthcfgs je a nas arg sgparatgb ly bhstaocgs iucd farngr tdao tdghr shzg.
5. Rdg nas parthcfg jccuphgs a ognfhnhlfg vjfuig.
>. Cjffhshjos aijon ijfgcufgs arg pgregctfy hogfasthc.
4. Aetgr gacd cjffhshjo, tdg tjtaf gogrny je tdg systgi hs tdg saig.
sa ig.
8. Rdg rgpufshvg ejrcgs aijon parthcfgs arg ognfhnhlfg.
10. At dhndgr tgipgraturgs, tdg cjffhshjo je tdg nas parthcfgs whtd tdg waffs je tdg
cjotahogr lgcjigs ijrg jetgo aob whtd ijrg ejrcg, tdus prjbuchon a fgssgr
prgssurg.

Acthvhty 7; Practhcg Iatd

Bhrgcthjos ; Sjfvg tdg ejffjwhon prjlfgis. ^rhtg yjur aoswgrs ho yjur ojtgljjm/jo
a sgparatg sdggt je papgr.

1. A ijuotahoggr gxpgrhgocgs a prgssurg brjp as dg cfhils up a ijuotaho. Jo dhs

way up, tdg prgssurg brjps tj 2>5 iiDn. ^dat hs tdg prgssurg ho ati:
ati :

<. ^dat whff lg tdg gquhvafgot vafug je 4>jC ho mgfvho:

3. ^dat hs tdg aijuot je nas (ho ijfgs) je 13.5 n je OD3:

(O 9 12 n/ijf, D 9 1 n/ijf)

10
Fgssjo
Nas Faws
<
Rdg ejur igasuralfg prjpgrthgs je nasgs sucd as prgssurg, vjfuig,
tgipgraturg, aob ouilgr je ijfgs arg rgfatgb tj gacd jtdgr. He jog je tdgsg
varhalfgs hs cdaongb, tdgrg hs a cjrrgspjobhon cdaong ho jtdgr varhalfgs bgpgobhon
jo hts rgfathjosdhp. Nas faw gquathjos cao lg bgrhvgb wdgogvgr jog je tdgsg
varhalfgs hs aftgrgb.

Rdgrg arg ejur iaho nas faws. Rdgsg arg Ljyfg‘s Faw, Cdarfgs‘ Faw, Nay -
Fussac‘s Faw,
Faw, aob Avjnabrj‘s Faw. Rdg cjilhoathjo je Ljyfg‘s Faw aob Cdarfgs‘
Faw hs mojwo as tdg Cjilhogb Nas Faw wdhfg tdg rgfathjosdhp lgtwggo varhalfgs
usgb ly tdg ejur iaho nas faws hs gxpfahogb ly tdg Hbgaf Nas Faw.

^dat‘s Ho

Acthvhty 5; Iatcd Ig

Bhrgcthjos ; Hbgothey tdg nhvgo phcturgs lgfjw ly cdjjshon tdg apprjprhatg aoswgrs
ejuob hoshbg tdg wjrb pjjf. ^rhtg yjur aoswgrs ho yjur ojtgljjm/jo a sgparatg
sdggt je papgr.

Nas aob vjfuig

vjfuig Nas aob tgipgraturg Nas aob Prgssurg Nas aob aijuot je nas

A. C.

dttps;//hiangs.app.njj.nf/<RytFiki37Epi1nmn dttps;//hiangs.app.njj.nf/dm7Og\l4w\FrOjLOA

L. B.

dttps;//hiangs.app.njj.nf/2SI>b\x<TjMvfSGw7 dttps;//hiangs.app.njj.nf/h[8QejbQAkLb3R1P4

11
 ^dat‘s Ogw
Acthvhty >;

Bhrgcthjos; Iatcd Cjfuio A whtd Cjfuio L. ^rhtg tdg fgttgr je yjur aoswgr ho
yjur ojtgljjm/jo a sgparatg sdggt je papgr.
papgr.

CJFWIO A CJFWIO L

1. Cjilhogb Nas Faw A. Ujfuig hs hovgrsgfy prjpjrthjoaf tj prgssurg.

<. Avjnabrj‘s faw L. Ujfuig hs bhrgctfy prjpjrthjoaf tj tgipgraturg.

3. Ljyfg‘s Faw C. Prgssurg hs bhrgctfy prjpjrthjoaf tj

tgipgraturg.

2. Hbgaf Nas Faw B. Prgssurg aob vjfuig arg hovgrsgfy prjpjrthjoaf

7. Nay Fussac‘s Faw
5. Cdarfgs‘ Faw
tj gacd jtdgr, lut arg ljtd bhrgctfy
prjpjrthjoaf tj tdg tgipgraturg.
G. Ujfuig hs bhrgctfy rgfatgb tj tdg ouilgr je
ijfgs.
E. Prgssurg hs bhrgctfy rgfatgb tj iass.
N. Ujfuig hs bhrgctfy prjpjrthjoaf tj tdg ouilgr
je ijfgs aob tgipgraturg aob hovgrsgfy
prjpjrthjoaf tj prgssurg.

^dat hs Ht

Ljyfg‘s Faw

\jlgrt Ljyfg, ao Gonfhsd cdgihst was tdg ehrst tj hovgsthnatg tdg rgfathjosdhp
lgtwggo tdg prgssurg je a nas aob hts vjfuig at a cjostaot tgipgraturg. Lasgb jo
dhs gxpgrhigot iabg wdgrgho dg trappgb a ehxgb aijuot je ahr ho a K-tulg aob
cdaongb tdg prgssurg at a cjostaot tgipgraturg, dg ejuob jut tdat as tdg prgssurg
hocrgasgs, tdg vjfuig bgcrgasgs. Dg tdgo cjocfubgb tdat tdg vjfuig jccuphgb ly
tdg ehxgb aijuot je nas hs hovgrsgfy prjpjrthjoaf tj hts prgssurg at a cjostaot
tgipgraturg.

Ljyfg‘s Faw cao lg gxprgssgb ly tdg ejffjwhon gquathjo;

1
U at cjostaot R aob o
P
^dgrg;U 9 vjfuig, P 9 prgssurg, R 9 tgipgraturg, o 9 aijuot je nas

1<
 Rj cdaong tdg prjpjrthjoafhty, shno tj ao gquaf shno, tdg prjpjrthjoafhty
cjostaot m, hs hotrjbucgb

1
U 9m jr PU 9 m
P
Ejr a nhvgo saipfg je nas uobgr twj bheegrgot cjobhthjos at a cjostaot
tgipgraturg, tdg prjbuct je prgssurg aob vjfuig hs cjostaot, aob ht hs wrhttgo as

ejffjws;
P1U1 9 P<U<
^dgrg P1 aob U1 arg tdg hohthaf prgssurg aob vjfuig= P < aob U< arg tdg ehoaf
prgssurg aob vjfuig at cjostaot tgipgraturg aob tdg saig aijuot je nas.
nas .

Ho Ljyfg‘s faw, tdg ejffjwhon ejriufas arg tj lg usgb wdgo tdrgg varhalfgs
arg nhvgo aob jog hs uomojwo;

P1 9 P<U</U1 P< 9 P1U1/U< U1 9 P<U</P1 U< 9 P1U1/P<

(dttps;//hiangs.app.njj.nf/nUdFsvtowPpiBgC5AY
Scdgiathc hffustrathjo je Ljyfg‘s Faw

Gxaipfg;

A saipfg je ohtrjngo nas (O <) das a vjfuig je 1<.0 F aob a prgssurg je >50.0
ii Dn. ^dgo tdg nas hs rgfgasgb, ht nhvgs 3<.0 F je ohtrjngo. He tdg tgipgraturg hs
tdg saig, wdat hs tdg ogw prgssurg je ohtrjngo:

Nhvgo;

P1 9 >50.0 ii Dn U1 9 1<.0 F

U< 9 3<.0 F

Ehob; P<

Sjfuthjo;

Bgrhvg tdg gquathjo ejr P< ushon Ljyfg‘s faw (P1U1 9 P<U<)
P1U1
P< 9
U<

Rdgo, sulsthtutg tdg nhvgo vafugs tj tdg gquathjo

>50.0 ii Dn x 1<.0 F
P< 9
3<.0 F

P< 9 <47 ii Dn

13
Mhogthc Ijfgcufar Rdgjry aob Ljyfg‘s Faw

Rdg mhogthc ijfgcufar tdgjry je nas dgfps us uobgrstaob tdg hovgrsg

rgfathjosdhp lgtwggo prgssurg aob vjfuig. Prgssurg hs crgatgb wdgo nas parthcfgs
cjffhbg whtd tdg waffs je tdg cjotahogr, aob gvgry thig a nas parthcfg cjffhbgs whtd
tdg waff, ht gxgrts a ejrcg jo tdg cjotahogr waff. As tdg avgrang ejrcg gxgrtgb ly tdg
nas parthcfgs hocrgasgs, tdg prgssurg je nas hocrgasgs, tdus bgcrgashon tdg vjfuig
je tdg nas.

Cdarfgs‘ Faw
Ergocd pdyshchst Kacqugs Cdarfgs bgtgrihogb tdg vjfuig-tgipgraturg
rgfathjosdhp ho nasgs. Erji dhs gxpgrhigot jo laffjjos, Cdarfgs jlsgrvgb tdat, at
cjostaot prgssurg, tdg vjfuig je nas hocrgasgs whtd gvgry hocrgasg ho tgipgraturg.
Afsj, vjfuig bgcrgasgs as tgipgraturg bgcrgasgs.

Cdarfgs‘ faw statgs tdat tdg vjfuig je a ehxgb aijuot je nas iahotahogb at
cjostaot prgssurg hs bhrgctfy prjpjrthjoaf tj hts alsjfutg tgipgraturg.

Cdarfgs‘ Faw cao lg gxprgssgb ly tdg gquathjo

U R at cjostaot P aob o

^dgrg;

U 9 vjfuig, P 9 prgssurg, R 9 tgipgraturg, o 9 aijuot je nas

Rj cdaong tdg prjpjrthjoafhty, shno tj ao gquaf shno, tdg prjpjrthjoafhty
cjostaot m, hs hotrjbucgb.

U
U 9mR jr m 9
R
Ejr a nhvgo saipfg je nas uobgr twj bheegrgot cjobhthjos, yju whff arrhvg at
tdg ejffjwhon gquathjos;
U1 U<
9 m aob 9 m
R1 R<
U1 U<
9
R1 R<
^dgrg U1 aob R1 arg tdg hohthaf vjfuig aob tgipgraturg= U < aob R< arg tdg
ehoaf vjfuig aob tgipgraturg at cjostaot prgssurg aob tdg saig
s aig aijuot je nas

Ho Cdarfgs‘ faw, tdg ejffjwhon ejriufas arg tj lg usgb wdgo tdrgg varhalfgs
arg nhvgo aob jog hs uomojwo;

U1 9 U<R1/R< U< 9 U1R</R1 R1 9 U1R</U< R< 9 U<R1/U1

(dttps;//hiangs.app.njj.nf/OPMTGU<DQv[PQ<4h4)
Scdgiathc bhanrai je Cdarfgs‘ Faw

12
Gxaipfg;

A ijuotaho cfhilgr hodafgs 242.0 iF je ahr at a tgipgraturg je -10.0 jC.

^dat vjfuig (ho iF) whff tdg ahr jccupy ho tdg ijuotaho cfhilgr‘s fuons he dhs ljby
tgipgraturg hs 3>.0jC assuihon tdat tdg prgssurg rgiahos tdg saig:
Nhvgo;

U1 9 242.0 iF R1 9 -10.0jC
R< 9 3>.0jC

Ehob; U<
Sjfuthjo;

Cdaong tdg tgipgraturg tj Mgfvho wdgo tdgy arg nhvgo ho Cgfshus.

R1 9 -10.0jC + <>3 9 <53 M

R1 9 3>.0jC + <>3 9 310 M

\garraong tdg nas faw aob bgrhvg tdg gquathjo ejr U<, tdgo sulsthtutg
tdg nhvgo vafugs.

U1R<
U< 9
R1
Rdgo, sulsthtutg tdg nhvgo vafugs tj tdg gquathjo
242.0 iF x 310 M
U< 9
<53 M

U< 9 7>0.28 iF ≄ 7>0 iF

Mhogthc Ijfgcufar Rdgjry aob Cdarfgs‘ Faw
Erji tdg mhogthc ijfgcufar tdgjry, tdg avgrang mhogthc gogrny je nas parthcfgs
hs bhrgctfy prjpjrthjoaf tj tdg tgipgraturg je a nas. Rdg parthcfg‘s avgrang mhogthc
gogrny hs rgfatgb tj hts spggb. ^dgo tdg tgipgraturg je tdg nas hs hocrgasgb, tdg
parthcfgs ijvg at dhndgr spggb. Rdhs rgsufts ho ergqugot cjffhshjo je tdg parthcfgs
whtd tdg waffs je tdg cjotahogr, sj tdg nas parthcfgs gxgrt a nrgatgr ejrcg jo tdg
waffs.

Nay-Fussac‘s Faw
Rdg pgrsjo wdj hs crgbhtgb whtd tdg bgtgrihoathjo je tdg tgipgraturg-
prgssurg rgfathjosdhp ho nasgs at cjostaot vjfuig hs Kjsgpd Fjuhs Nay-Fussac. Dg
bgbucgb tdat tdg prgssurg je tdg nas hs bhrgctfy prjpjrthjoaf tj hts tgipgraturg.

Nay-Fussac‘s Faw statgs tdat, at cjostaot vjfuig, tdg prgssurg je a ehxgb

Nay-Fussac‘s
aijuot je nas hs bhrgctfy prjpjrthjoaf tj tdg alsjfutg tgipgraturg.

Nay-Fussac‘s
Nay- Fussac‘s Faw cao lg gxprgssgb ly tdg gquathjo

P R at cjostaot U aob o

17
 ^dgrg;

U 9 vjfuig, P 9 prgssurg, R 9 tgipgraturg, o 9 aijuot je nas

Rj cdaong tdg prjpjrthjoafhty shno tj ao gquaf shno, tdg prjpjrthjoafhty

cjostaot m, hs hotrjbucgb
P

P 9mR jr m 9 R
Ejr a nhvgo saipfg je nas uobgr twj bheegrgot cjobhthjos, yju whff arrhvg at
tdg ejffjwhon gquathjos;

P1 P<
9 m aob 9 m
R1 R<

P1 P<
9
R1 R<

^dgrg P1 aob R1 arg tdg hohthaf prgssurg aob tgipgraturg= P< aob R< arg tdg
ehoaf prgssurg aob tgipgraturg at a cjostaot vjfuig aob tdg saig aijuot je nas

Ho Nay-
Nay-Fussac‘s
Fussac‘s faw, tdg ejffjwhon ejriufas arg tj lg usgb wdgo tdrgg
varhalfgs arg nhvgo aob jog hs uomojwo;

P1 9 P<R1/R< P< 9 P1R</R1 R1 9 P1R</P< R< 9 P<R1/P1

dttps;//hiangs.app.njj.nf/BXm2iIvrsh[8vuqi5
Scdgiathc
Scdgiathc bhanrai je Nay Fussac‘s Faw

Gxaipfg;

^dat whff dappgo tj a cao je pahot spray cjotahohon jofy tdg prjpgffaot at a
prgssurg je >70.0 tjrr at 30.0jC he ht hs tdrjwo hotj a dgap je narlang lurohon at
157.0jC:
Nhvgo;

P1 9 >70.0 tjrr R1 9 30.0jC + <>3 9 303 M

R< 9 157.0jC + <>3 9 234 M

Ehob; P<

Sjfuthjo;

Bgrhvg tdg gquathjo ejr P< ushon Nay-Fussac‘s

Nay-Fussac‘s faw (P
(P1/R1 9 P</R<)

P1R<
P< 9
R1

15
 Rdgo, sulsthtutg tdg nhvgo vafugs tj tdg gquathjo

>70.0 tjrr x 234 M

P< 9 9 1,042 tjrr
303 M
Cjilhogb Nas Faw
Ljyfg‘s Faw aob Cdarfgs‘ Faw cao lg cjilhogb aob trgatgb as a shonfg faw,
caffgb tdg cjilhogb nas faw, wdhcd bgscrhlgs tdg prgssurg-vjfuig-tgipgraturg
rgfathjosdhp je a cjostaot aijuot je nas.

Rdg prgssurg aob vjfuig je a nas arg hovgrsgfy prjpjrthjoaf tj gacd jtdgr,
lut arg ljtd bhrgctfy prjpjrthjoaf tj tdg tgipgraturg je tdat nas.

Rraosfathon ht tj iatdgiathcaf gquathjo;

1
U jr PU R jr PU 9 cjostaot
P

PU
9 m
R

At cjostaot o, jr ijfg, tdg gquathjo hs;

P1U1 P<U<
9
R1 R<

^dgrg P1, U 1 aob R1 arg tdg hohthaf prgssurg, vjfuig aob tgipgraturg= P <, U <
aob R< arg tdg ehoaf prgssurg, vjfuig aob tgipgraturg at cjostaot
cjos taot aijuot je nas

Ho Ljyfg‘s faw, tdg ejffjwhon ejriufas arg tj lg usgb wdgo ehvg varhalfgs arg nhvgo
aob jog hs uomojwo;
P1 9 P<U<R1/U1R< U1 9 P<U<R1/P1R< R1 9 P1U1R</P<U<
P< 9 P1U1R</U<R1 U< 9 P1U1R</P<R1 R< 9 P<U<R1/P1U1

Gxaipfg;
A <0.0 iF lullfg hs rgfgasgb erji a taom at a prgssurg je 2.0 ati aob a
tgipgraturg je 10.0jC. ^dat whff lg tdg vjfuig je tdg lullfg wdgo ht rgacdgs tdg
watgr sureacg, wdgrg tdg prgssurg hs 1.0 ati aob tdg tgipgraturg hs 18.0 jC::
Nhvgo;

P1 9 2.0 ati R1 9 10.0jC U1 9 <0.0 iF P< 9 1.0 ati R< 9 18.0jC

Ehob; U<
Sjfuthjo;

Cdaong tdg tgipgraturg tj Mgfvho wdgo tdgy arg nhvgo ho Cgfshus.

R1 9 10.0jC + <>3 9 <43 M R< 9 18.0jC + <>3 9 <8< M

1>
 Bgrhvg tdg gquathjo ejr tdg uomojwo erji tdg cjilhogb nas faw

P1U1R<
U< 9
P< R1
Sulsthtutg tdg vafugs, tdgo sjfvg ejr tdg uomojwo

(2.0 ati)(<0.0 iF)( <8< M)

U< 9 9 4<.7 iF
(1.0 ati)(<43 M)

Avjnabrj‘s Faw

^dgo yju hoefatg a laffjjo, hts vjfuig hocrgasgs lgcausg yju abb ijrg ahr
ijfgcufgs. He tdg laffjjo das a siaff djfg, tdg ahr fgams jut aob causgs tdg ahr
vjfuig tj bgcrgasg. Aigbgj Avjnabrj, ao Htafhao cdgihst aob pdyshchst, ejriufatgb
tdg Avjnabrj‘s Faw, wdhcd statgs tdat at cjostaot tgipgraturg aob prgssurg, tdg
vjfuig je a nas hs bhrgctfy rgfatgb tj hts ouilgr je ijfgs.
i jfgs.

Rdhs faw hs gxprgssgb as;

U o at cjostaot P aob R
U
U 9mo jr m 9
o
U1 U<
9
o1 o<

^dgrg U1 aob o1 arg tdg hohthaf vjfuig aob aijuot je nas= U < aob o< arg tdg
ehoaf vjfuig aob aijuot je nas at cjostaot prgssurg aob tgipgraturg.

Ho Avjnabrj‘s faw, tdg ejffjwhon ejriufas arg tj lg usgb wdgo tdrgg varhalfgs
arg nhvgo aob jog hs uomojwo;
U1 9 U<o1/o< U< 9 U1o</o1 o1 9 U1o</U< o< 9 U<o1/U1
Gxaipfg;

A wgatdgr laffjjo ehffgb whtd <.0 ijf dgfhui das a vjfuig je 20.0 F. Rj wdat
vjfuig, ho F, whff tdg laffjjo gxpaob he 2.0 ijf je dgfhui hs abbgb, tj nhvg a tjtaf je
5.0 ijf je dgfhui mggphon tdg tgipgraturg aob prgssurg tdg saig:

Nhvgo; U1 9 20.0 F o1 9 <.0 ijf o< 9 5.0 ijf

Ehob; U<

Sjfuthjo;

Bgrhvg tdg gquathjo ejr U< ushon Avjnabrj‘s faw. Sulsthtutg tdg nhvgo
vafugs, tdg sjfvg ejr tdg uomojwo.

o<U1 (5.0 ijf)(2.0 F)

U< 9 9 9 1<.0 F
o1 <.0 ijf

14
Hbgaf Nas Faw
At tdhs pjhot, bheegrgot nas faws – Ljyfg‘s faw, Cdarfgs‘ faw, Nay-Fussac‘s faw
aob Avjnabrj‘s faw davg lggo bhscussgb. Rdg gquathjos rgprgsgothon tdgsg faws
iay lg cjilhogb tj arrhvg at jog gquathjo tdat hotgrrgfatgs prgssurg (P), vjfuig
(U), tgipgraturg (R) aob tdg aijuot je nas (o). Rdhs cjilhoathjo nhvgs tdg
gxprgsshjo caffgb Hbgaf nas faw. Rdg bheegrgot gquathjos tdat cjiprhsg tdg hbgaf nas
gquathjo arg tdg ejffjwhon;

1
Ljyfg‘s faw; U at cjostaot R aob o
P
Cdarfgs‘ faw; U R at cjostaot P aob o

Nay-Fussac‘s
Nay- Fussac‘s faw; P R at cjostaot U aob o

Avjnabrj‘s faw; U o at cjostaot P aob R

Cjilhohon tdgsg faws nhvgs a ijrg
i jrg ngograf gquathjo lgfjw;

oR
U
P

Rdg prjpjrthjoafhty
prjpjrthjoafhty cjostaot \;shno cao lg rgpfacgb ly ao gquafhty shno ly hotrjbuchon a
oR
U 9 (\)
P
Rdg cjostaot \ hs mojwo as tdg uohvgrsaf nas cjostaot whtd a vafug je
0.04<1 F-ati/ijf-M.
Ho tdg hbgaf nas faw, tdg ejffjwhon ejriufas arg tj lg usgb wdgo tdrgg
varhalfgs arg nhvgo aob jog hs uomojwo;
P 9 \oR/U o 9 PU/\R R 9 PU/o\
Gxaipfg;

5.7 ijfgs je carljo bhjxhbg (CJ<) nas arg prgsgot ho a cjotahogr whtd a
vjfuig 31.7 F. ^dat hs tdg prgssurg je tdhs nas ho ati he tdg tgipgraturg hs 57 jC:

Nhvgo; o 9 5.7 ijfgs R 9 57.0jC + <>3 M 9 334 M

U 9 31.7 F \ 9 0.04<1 ati-F/ijf-M

Ehob; P

Sjfuthjo; Bgrhvg tdg P erji tdg hbgaf nas faw, tdgo sjfvg ejr ht.

o\R (5.7 ijfgs)(0.04<1 ati-F/ijf-M)(334 M)

P9 9
U (31.7 F)

P9 7.>3 ati

18
 ^dat‘s Ijrg

Acthvhty 4; Crjsswjrb Puzzfg

Bhrgcthjos; Cjipfgtg tdg puzzfg lgfjw. Wsg tdg bgscrhpthjos nhvgo lgfjw ejr yjur
aoswgrs. Bj tdhs ho yjur ojtgljjm/jo a sgparatg sdggt je papgr.

1B

<B 1A

<A

3B

3A 2B

2A

7A

5A

Acrjss
1. Rdg faw wdhcd cjoshbgrs tdg cdaongs ho prgssurg, vjfuig aob tgipgraturg
tgipgraturg
ho a shonfg rgfathjosdhp.
<. Rdg faw wdhcd statgs tdat vjfuig hs hovgrsgfy prjpjrthjoaf
prjpjrthjoaf tj prgssurg.
3. Ht das a vafug je 0.04<1 ati-F/ijf-M.
2. Rdg aijuot je nas hs afsj mojwo as ZZZZZZZZZZ.
7. Rdg faw wdhcd hotgrrgfatgs prgssurg, tgipgraturg,
tgipgraturg, vjfuig aob tdg aijuot je
nas.
5. Rdg faw wdhcd statgs tdat vjfuig je nas hs bhrgctfy rgfatgb tj hts ouilgr je

ijfgs.

<0
Bjwo
1. Rdg faw wdhcd statgs tdat tgipgraturg aob vjfuig je nas arg bhrgctfy rgfatgb
tj gacd jtdgr.
<. Rdg faw wdhcd statgs tdat prgssurg hs bhrgctfy prjpjrthjoaf
prjpjrthjoaf tj tgipgraturg.
3. Alsjfutg tgipgraturg
2. SRP igaos ZZZZZZZZ tgipgraturg aob prgssurg

Acthvhty 8; Prjlfgi Sjfvhon

Sgt A;
Bhrgcthjos ; Aoafyzg aob sjfvg tdg ejffjwhon prjlfgis ho yjur ojtgljjm/jo a
sgparatg sdggt je papgr. Sdjw yjur sjfuthjos.

1. At 0jC aob 7 ati, a nhvgo saipfg je nas jccuphgs >7 F. Rdg nas hs cjiprgssgb
tj a ehoaf vjfuig je 30 F. ^dat hs tdg ehoaf prgssurg:

<. A 17 F cjotahogr hs ehffgb whtd nas tj a prgssurg je < ati at 0 jC. At wdat
tgipgraturg whff tdg prgssurg hoshbg tdg cjotahogr lg <.>7 ati:

3. Wobgr cjostaot prgssurg cjobhthjo, a saipfg je dybrjngo nas hohthaffy at 47jC

aob >.< F hs cjjfgb uothf hts ehoaf vjfuig hs 2.1 F. ^dat hs ehoaf tgipgraturg:

2. Rdg vjfuig je a saipfg je nas hs >70 iF at 50jC aob 0.> ati. At wdat
tgipgraturg whff tdg saipfg 1.0 F jccupy uobgr a prgssurg je 1 ati:

7. A laffjjo cjotahohon < ijfgs je dgfhui das a vjfuig je 0.4 F. ^dat wjufb tdg
vjfuig lg he 3.7 ijfgs je dgfhui arg abbgb tj tdg laffjjo:

5. A saipfg je nas jccuphgs 10 F je spacg

s pacg at SRP. Djw iaoy ijfgs je nas arg
prgsgot ho tdg saipfg:

Sgt L; (Jpthjoaf)

Bhrgcthjos ; Aoafyzg tdg prjlfgi aob hbgothey wdat ejriufa whff lg usgb. ^rhtg tdg
aoswgr ho yjur ojtgljjm/jo a sgparatg sdggt je papgr.

1. ^dhcd je tdg shx nas faws whff lg usgb he yju arg njhon tj cafcufatg tdg prgssurg
gxgrtgb ly a 0.<7 ijfg sufeur dgxaefujrhbg ho a stggf vgssgf davhon a capachty je
1,<70 if at >0jC:

<. He a dgfhui nas das a vjfuig je <70 iF 0jC at 1.0 ati, whtd a ehoaf prgssurg
wdhcd hs rgbucgb tj 100 iF at 27jC. ^dhcd aijon tdg nas faws hs tj lg usgb tj
sjfvg tdg prjlfgi:

<1
 ^dat H Davg Fgarogb

Bhrgcthjos ; Cjipfgtg tdg suiiary lgfjw ly ehffhon ho tdg lfaom spacgs whtd
apprjprhatg wjrb/wjrbs. Xju iay cdjjsg tdg wjrbs erji tdg tgxtljx prjvhbgb.

^jrb/wjrbs cao lg usgb ijrg tdao jocg. ^rhtg yjur aoswgrs ho yjur ojtgljjm/jo
a sgparatg sdggt je papgr.

Nas Ljyfg‘s Faw pgregctfy gfasthc Mhogthc Ijfgcufar Rdgjry

Ujfuig Cdarfgs‘ faw eastgr \jlgrt Ljyfg aijuot je nas

ognfhnhlfg Nas faw gquathjos tjtaf gogrny avgrang mhogthc gogrny

prgssurg Avjnabrj‘s faw hbgaf nas faw Nay-Fussac‘s

Nay-Fussac‘s faw

rgfatgb Cjilhogb nas faw Rgipgraturg Aigbgj Avjnabrj

parthcfgs Ijfgcufar ijthjo Kacqugs Cdarfgs Kjsgpd Nay-Fussac

hocrgasgs

(1)ZZZZ hs tdg statg je iattgr wdhcd das parthcfgs tdat arg erggfy ijvhon aob
arg ear erji gacd jtdgr, wdhcd iamgs tdgi dhndfy cjiprgsshlfg. Nasgs davg
hipjrtaot euobaigotaf prjpgrthgs tdat arg igasuralfg sucd as (<)ZZZ ZZZ,
(3)ZZZZZZZZ, (2)ZZZZZ, aob (7)ZZZZZ. Rdg ejur igasuralfg prjpgrthgs je nasgs arg
(5)ZZZZZ tj gacd jtdgr. He jog je tdgsg varhalfgs hs cdaongb, tdgrg hs a cjrrgspjobhon
cdaong ho jtdgr varhalfgs bgpgobhon jo hts rgfathjosdhp. (>)ZZZZZZZ cao lg bgrhvgb
wdgogvgr jog je tdgsg varhalfgs hs aftgrgb.

Rdg nas faws arg (4)Z ZZZZ, (8)ZZZZZ, (10)ZZZZZ aob (11)ZZZZZZ. Rdg cjilhoathjo
je Ljyfg‘s Faw aob Cdarfgs‘ Faw hs mojwo as tdg (1<)ZZZZZZZ wdhfg tdg rgfathjosdhp
lgtwggo varhalfgs usgb ly tdg ejur iaho nas faws hs gxpfahogb ly tdg (13)ZZZZ.
(12)ZZZZZ, ao Gonfhsd cdgihst was tdg ehrst tj hovgsthnatg tdg rgfathjosdhp lgtwggo
tdg prgssurg je a nas aob hts vjfuig at a cjostaot tgipgraturg. Ergocd pdyshchst,

(17)ZZZZZZ bgtgrihogb tdg vjfuig-tgipgraturg rgfathjosdhp ho nasgs. Rdg pgrsjo

wdj hs crgbhtgb whtd tdg bgtgrihoathjo je tdg tgipgraturg-prgssurg rgfathjosdhp ho
nasgs at cjostaot vjfuig
vjfuig hs (15)ZZZZZ. (1>)ZZZZZ, ao Htafhao cdgihst aob pdyshchst,
ejriufatgb tdg faw, wdhcd statgs tdat at cjostaot tgipgraturg aob prgssurg, tdg
vjfuig je a nas hs bhrgctfy rgfatgb tj hts ouilgr je ijfgs.

Rdg prjpgrthgs je nasgs cao lg gxpfahogb ho tgris je tdghr (14)ZZZZ. Rdg

(18)ZZZZZ je nasgs hs a ijbgf tdat cjufb dgfp us uobgrstaob tdg lgdavhjr je nasgs.
Hts pjstufatgs arg tdg ejffjwhon;
e jffjwhon;

a. A nas cjoshsts je vgry siaff (<0)ZZZZZ. Rdg parthcfgs arg ho cjostaot,

raobji, aob strahndt-fhog ijthjo.
l. Rdg parthcfgs je a nas arg sgparatgb
s gparatgb ly bhstaocgs iucd farngr tdao tdghr
shzg. Rdg attracthvg ejrcgs lgtwggo parthcfgs arg (<1)ZZZZ, aob tdg parthcfgs
act hobgpgobgotfy je jog aojtdgr.

<<
 c. Rdg nas parthcfgs cjffhbg whtd gacd jtdgr aob whtd tdg waffs je tdg
cjotahogr ho (<<)ZZZZZZ iaoogr. Aetgr gacd cjffhshjo, tdg (<3)ZZZZZ je tdg
systgi hs tdg saig.
b. Rdg (<2)ZZZZZ je tdg nas parthcfgs hs prjpjrthjoaf tj tdg alsjfutg (mgfvho)
tgipgraturg. As tdg tgipgraturg hocrgasgs, tdg nas parthcfgs ijvg
(<7)ZZZZZ.

^dat H Cao Bj

Bhrgcthjos; Fhst ehvg shtuathjos tdat hovjfvg nasgs aob nhvg tdg nas faw tdat appfhgs
tj gacd je tdg shtuathjos. ^rhtg yjur aoswgrs ho yjur ojtgljjm/jo a sgparatg sdggt
je papgr.

Shtuathjos hovjfvhon nasgs Nas faw/s hovjfvgb

1.

<.
3.

2.

7.

<3
 Assgssigot

Bhrgcthjos ; \gab gacd htgi cargeuffy. Cdjjsg tdg fgttgr je tdg lgst aoswgr. ^rhtg ht
ho yjur ojtgljjm/jo a sgparatg sdggt je papgr.

1. ^dhcd faw lgst bgscrhlgs tdg rgfathjosdhp lgtwggo prgssurg aob vjfuig:
a. Avjnabrj‘s faw
l. Ljyfg‘s faw
c. Cdarfgs‘ faw
b. Nay-Fussac‘s
Nay- Fussac‘s faw

<. ^dj ejriufatgb tdg faw aljut tdg rgfathjosdhp lgtwggo tdg ouilgr je ijfgs
aob tdg aijuot je nas:
a. \jlgrt Ljyfg
l. Aigbgj Avjnabrj
c. Kacqugs Cdarfgs
b. Kjsgpd Fjuhs Nay-Fussac

3.
bjulfgb:
a. Rdg vjfuig hs bjulfgb.
l. Rdg vjfuig hs rgbucgb tj jog-dafe.
c. Rdg vjfuig hs hocrgasgb ejur thigs.
b. Rdg vjfuig hs rgbucgb tj jog-ejurtd.

2. Rdg ejffjwhon gxprgssgs a bhrgct prjpjrthjoafhty

prjpjrthjoafhty GTCGPR ZZZZZZ.
a. As o hocrgasgs, P hocrgasgs
l. As o hocrgasgs, U hocrgasgs
c. As P hocrgasgs, U bgcrgasgs
b. As R bgcrgasgs, P bgcrgasgs

7. ^dhcd je tdg ejffjwhon hs tdg ejriufa je \ ho tdg hbgaf nas faw gquathjo:
a. \ 9 PU/oR
l. \ 9 oR/PU

c.
b. \
\99 oPU/R
R/oPU

5. ^dat hs tdg vafug je alsjfutg zgrj ho bgnrgg Cgfshus (jC):

a. 0
l. <>3
c. 3>3
b. -<>3

>. ^dat bj yju gxpgct tj dappgo tj tdg vjfuig je a nas he hts prgssurg hs bjulfgb
aob hts tgipgraturg hs rgbucgb tj dafe:
a. Ujfuig hs bjulfgb.
l. Ujfuig hs bgcrgasgb.
c. Ujfuig hs hocrgasgb.
b. Ujfuig rgiahos uocdaongb.

<2
4. ^dat mhob je ijvgigot hs gxdhlhtgb ly nas ijfgcufgs:
i jfgcufgs:
a. Cjostaot ijthjo
l. \aobji ijthjo
c. Strahndt fhog ijthjo
b. Cjilhoathjo je a, l, c

8. ^dhcd je tdg ejffjwhon prjpgrthgs je nas hs tdg rgsuft je tdg cjffhshjo je nas

parthcfgs
a. whtd tdg waffs
Aijuot je nasje tdg cjotahogr:
l. Prgssurg
c. Rgipgraturg
b. Ujfuig

10. ^dat hs ijst fhmgfy tj dappgo wdgo ao agrjsjf cao hs dgatgb:

a. Rdg cao whff tarohsd.
l. Rdg cao whff lg bgejrigb.
c. Rdg cao whff stay tdg saig.
b. Rdg cao whff gvgotuaffy gxpfjbg.

Abbhthjoaf Acthvhthgs

Bhrgcthjos ; Pgrejri tdg acthvhty lgfjw aob wrhtg yjur jlsgrvathjos ly aoswgrhon
tdg nuhbg qugsthjos. ^rhtg yjur aoswgrs ho yjur ojtgljjm/jo a sgparatg sdggt je
papgr.

Rdg \hshon ^atgr

(Abaptgb erji; Schgocg 10 Fgarogr‘s Iatgrhaf, 1 st gbhthjo}

Iatgrhafs ; ljwf, brhomhon nfass, watgr

Prjcgburgs ;
1. Put tdg nfass hotj tdg watgr upshbg bjwo.
<. Fhet tdg nfass up, lut whtdjut tdg rhi njhon aljvg tdg sureacg je tdg watgr.
Jlsgrvg wdat dappgos.

Nuhbg Qugsthjos;

a. ^dat dappgogb tj tdg fgvgf je tdg watgr hoshbg tdg nfass:

l. ^dat causgb tdhs tj dappgo:
c. He tdg rhi je tdg nfass was rahsgb aljvg tdg sureacg je tdg watgr, wdat
ihndt davg dappgogb:

<7
 Aoswgr Mgy

Fgssjo 1

c. 01 R CAE . 01 GSF AE . 01
b .8 R CAE .8 GSF AE .8
c .4 EE WF L .4 G W\R .4
a .> EE WF L .> GSF AE .>
b .5 R CAE .5 GSF AE .5
a .7 EE WF L .7 GSF AE .7
l .2 R CAE .2 G W\R .2 f j i4. 0 . 3
b .3 R CAE .3 GSF AE .3 M 053 . <
l .< R CAE .< G W\R .< i
t a 5<5. 0 . 1
a .1 R CAE .1 G W\R .1
7 yth vh t c A
wj om H t a d ^ oh s‘ t a d ^ 2 yth vh t c A gr j is‘ t a d ^ gr j is‘ t a d ^

ss a I gf j I
rr j R r gth F f acs a P oh vf g M
s uh sf g C g iuf j U gf ch t r a P gr ussgr P
r gt g ich l u C gf lh ssgr p ij C s an e j t ouj iA gr ut ar g p ig R

3 yth vh t c A gr j is‘ t a d ^

. g pacsg jt gt ujr j o dth w sgf ch t r a p rh a dth w bgffhe

y bagrf a sh gf tt j l g dt gs uacg l bgt afe oh t j o s a wth , gf tt j l g dt g bh s oh bgc af p sh ojjff a l a og d ^. 3 Q
. th g bh s oh bg ds up sh rh a gs uacg l nh l sg ijcg l ojjff a l g dR. < Q
. bgt af e oh t j o s a w b oa gn oa dc t j o bh b ojjff a l g dt e j gzh s g dR. 1 Q
wg o s‘ t a d ^

Fgssjo <

s an e j t ouj ia . r gt a we j f gvgf g dt oh gs agr cg b a n oh s uac

b oa s a N .b B . 5 bgc ubgr jsf a sh s an g dt e j g iuf jv g dt
gr ut ar g p igt L . 7 , r gt a w g dt ijre bgv j igr yff at jt sh ss af n g dt e H . c
b oa s a N .c A . 2 . ss af n g dt
g iuf jv G . 3 g bh s oh sgs an e j sgf ucgf j ig dt gt a bj iijcc a
b oa s a N .l N . < jt dn uj og t j o gr a f wj l g dt e j ijtt j l g dt
gr ussgr p C . 1 t a sgf ucgf j ir gt a w g dt ogg wt g l sgc a ps g dR . l
b oa s a N .a . ss af n g dt r gt og t j o bh b r gt a w g dR . a
wg o
oh s‘ t a d ^ s‘ t a d ^ yth vh t c Af a ojh th bb A

<5
 ^
^ A F S J \ B A N J U A A
\ F
A S
B C O
^ O ^ A F S A N F A G B H
A A S U
F R S G F J I
R O A R S O J C S A N F A S \ G U H O W G
G F M
F ^ A F S G F X J L
\ A
^ A F S A N B G O H L I J C N
D
C

4 yth vh t c A gr j Is‘ t a d ^

< R/<U< P
sgf r a d C sg uqc aK . 71 B. 01 9 1 R/1 U1 P . <
gf yj Lt r g lj \ . 21 L .8 R \o 9 UP . 1
waf s an f ag bH . 31 B .4
waf wsaafns‘bjgrob
halni
jjvCA .. <
11
1 L . > Lt g S
B . 5 f j i72. 0 . 7
r gt s ae . 7< waf s‘ c ass uF- y a N. 01 A . 7 M 8<. 235 . 2
ynr g og ch t g oh m gn ar gv A. 2< waf ‘ sgf r a d C .8 C . 2 M 54. 30< . 3
ynr g og f at j R . 3< waf s‘ gf yj L .4 A . 3 M 43. 7>3 . <
ch t s af g yf t c ge r g P . << s ojh t a uqg waf s a N .> L . < it a 7. <1 . 1
gf lh nhf ng O. 1< bgt af g \ .5 L . 1
sgf ch t r a P. 0< s an e j t ouj iA .7 ; At g S 8 yth vh t c A
yr jg dR r af ucgf j Ich t g oh M. 81 gr ussgr P .2 t og issgss A gr j is‘ t a d ^
ojh t j ir af ucgf j I. 41 gr ut ar g p ig R .3
j br anjv A jg bg iA. >1 g iuf j U .<
c ass uF- y a N dpgs j K . 51 sa N .1 yr av y a ir g ws oA

bg or agf gv a dH t a d ^ j b H oac t a d ^

<>
\gegrgocgs

Ljjms;
Acjsta, Dgria B., Fhza A. Afvargz, Bavg N. Aongfgs, \uly B. Arcg, Ia. Phfar P.
Carijoa, Aurgfha S. Narcha, Arfgo Natpj, Kubhtd E. Iarcahba, Ia. Rgnagfg A.
Jfartg, Iarhvhc S. \jsafgs, aob Ohfj N. Safazar, Schgocg 10 Fgarogr‘s
Iatgrhaf, 1st gbhthjo, Sgrhgs <017, Pashn
Pas hn Chty, Pdhfhpphogs; Bgpartigot je
Gbucathjo Hostructhjoaf Iatgrhafs Cjuochf Sgcrgtarhat (BgpGb-HICS), <017

Afuiana, Iarhg Kgsshca L., Gcdgf Shijo-Aotgrj,

Shijo- Aotgrj, \hcarbj I. Crhsjstjij, Crgsgocha
Kjaquho, PdB., Catdgrhog Ngogvhgvg L. Fanuozab, PdB., Rdgfia Rdgfia \. Ihonja,
Pa bua, Fhfha I. \alanj, PdB. Schgocg aob
PdB., Gfhnhj C. Jlhffg, Kr., Afhcha F. Pabua,
Rgcdojfjny ^jrmtgxt ejr Nrabg 10, M tj 1< Gbhthjo . Gbhtgb ly Fhfha I. \alanj,
PdB. Qugzjo Chty, Uhlaf Nrjup, Hoc.

Aobaya, Iyfgog J., Iarhtgs B. Aquhoj, Kjooa A. Lhjon, Igfhza P. Uafbjz, Nhf
Ojoatj C. Saotjs, PdB. Schgocg Fhoms 10 (^jrmtgxt ejr Schgothehc aob
Rgcdojfjnhcaf Fhtgracy) \gvhsgb Gbhthjo <01> . Qugzjo Chty, \gx Ljjm Stjrg,

Hoc.

^glshtgs
Egiafg pfayhon lasmgtlaff
dttps;//hiangs.app.njj.nf/dm7Og\l4w\FrOjLOA

Dgat erji nrggodjusg nasgs

dttps;//hiangs.app.njj.nf/2SI>b\x<TjMvfSGw7

Ehzzhon sjba
dttps;//hiangs.app.njj.nf/<RytFiki37Epi1nmn

Laffjjos

dttps;//hiangs.app.njj.nf/h[8QejbQAkLb3R1P4

Scdgiathc Bhanrai je Nay-Fussac‘s

Nay-Fussac‘s faw
dttps;//hiangs.app.njj.nf/BXm2iIvrsh[8vuqi5

Scdgiathc Bhanrai je Cdarfgs‘ faw

dttps;//hiangs.app.njj.nf/OPMTGU<DQv[PQ<4h4

Scdgiathc Bhanrai je Ljyfg‘s faw

dttps;//hiangs.app.njj.nf/nUdFsvtowPpiBgC5A

<4
Ejr hoquhrhgs jr eggblacm, pfgasg wrhtg jr caff;

Bgpartigot je Gbucathjo - Lurgau je Fgarohon \gsjurcgs (BgpGb-LF\)

Nrjuob Efjjr, Ljoheachj Lfbn., BgpGb Cjipfgx

Igrafcj Avgoug, Pashn Chty, Pdhfhpphogs 1500

Rgfgeax; (53<) 4532-10><= 4532-1072= 4531-2847

Giahf Abbrgss; lfr.frqab@bgpgb.njv.pd * lfr.frpb@bgpgb.njv.pd