1

" "

. . -
-

1
( )

, , 2011
1

 1
:
1. ................. 3
1.1. ............................................................................................ 3
1.2. ................................................................ 3
1.3. . .................................................................3
1.4. ....................................................................................4
1.4.1. S - 1 ............................................. 4
1.4.2 z2 - 2. ............................. 4
1.4.3. z3 - 3 ......................... 5
1.4.4. R- 4........................................ 5
1.4.5. ............................................................................ 6
2. ................................... 7
2.1. (H) ................................................................................................7
2.2. (V) ....................................................................................................7
3. ........................................ 7
3.1. ............................................................................................. 7
3.2. .................................................................................... 7
4. ............................................................................... 8
4.1. .....................................................................................8
4.2. ............................................................................................. 8
5. .............................................................................8
6. ...................................................................................9
6.1.
........................................................................................................................................ 9
6.2. .................9
6.3. - ........................................................................ 9
7. ..................................... 10
7.1. .........................................................................................................11
8. () ............................................... 11
8.1. .................................................................... 11
8.2. ........................................................................ 11
8.3. .......................................................................................... 12
8.4. .................................................................12
8.5. () ...................................................................... 12
9. ...................................................................................... 12
9.1. ..................................................................... 12
9.2. ( ) .....................13
10. ................................................................................................ 13
10.1. - ...................................................................... 13
10.2 .............................................. 13
10.3. - ........................................................................................ 14
11. ...................................................................14
11.1. .1,2,3,4 .................................................................................... 14
11.2. - ....................................................... 14
11.3. - ....................... 14
12. ......................................................14

1.
1.1.
z 3
[kW ]
3 = 1 + 2 + 4
1.2.

[mm]
Ti = 159155 i A
n
: Pi [kW ] ,
n [ s 1 ] , i = 1, 2, 3, 4, A
1 3.1 .
(1 1.5) .
1.3. .
:
2
[ ]
Fti =
Di
Di [mm] .

i = 1, 2, 3, 4

 1
1.4.
2 = 270 , 3 = 90 4 = 270
.
1.4.1. S - 1

S, G1 [ ] .
1.4.2 z2 - 2.

Ft 2
. Ft 2
Fr 2 = Ft 2 tg cos 2
Fx 2 = Ft 2 tg sin 2

= 20

G 2 =

[ ]
[ ]
[ ]

 1
1.4.3. z3 - 3

Fx 3
Fx 2 , Fx 2 .
tg
[ ]
Fr 3 = Ft 3
cos
Fx 3 = Ft 3 tg

[ ]

G3 =

[ ]

1.4.4. R- 4

4 :
F4 = 2 Ft 4
[ ]
[ ]
G 4 =
5

 1
1.4.5.
.
4
.

:

F1H = 0
F2 H = Ft 2 = ....[ ]
F3 H = Ft 3 = ....[ ]

F4 H = 0
:
F1V = G1 = ....[ ]
F2V = Fr 2 G 2 = ....[ ]

F3V = Fr 3 G3 = ....[ ]
F4V = F4 G 4 = ....[ ]

 1
2.
2.1. (H)

. : , .
4 .

2.2. (V)

.

3.
3.1.
FA = FAH + FAV

FB = FBH + FBV

[ ]
[ ]

FAX = F2 x F3 x

[ ]

3.2.
M Si = M SHi + M svi
2

[mm]

i = A,2,3,B
i = 1 4 M S = 0
7

 1
4.
( ) .
1 0...
.. 30
........... :

D -
D -
4.1.
)

[ D ] = D Y X
)

[ D ] = D Y X

YR Y N
mm 2
K

YR Y N
mm 2
K

:
Y X = 0.81
Y X =0.7 -
Y R = 0.9-
Y N = 1 -
K = 1,5 -
4.2.
1,5 2,5
S=
:
[ ]

sd = D
mm 2
S
:
[ ]

td = D
mm 2
S

5.

(M S 0; T 0 )

M Vj = M

2
Sj

[ ]
+ D T j

2[ D ]

[mm]
8

 1
:

j = 1,4 M S = 0

j = A,2,3,B,

3
0 ( ).
.
3 (T1 + T2 ) , T4 ,
.
2, 2
(T1 + T2 )
6.
6.1.

d ij = 3

32 M Vj

[mm]

Sdoz

j = A,2,3,B

6.2.

d ij = 3

16T j

[mm]

tdoz

j = 1,4

6.3. -
d stj = (1,1 1,3) d ij

1, 2, 3, 4 10 - 30%,
,
5.
.

0 5 .
:
d A d1st ;

d B d 4 st

().

 1
7.

b h t
.7.16
.
d st > 95mm .7.13

.

.
2T j
[mm]
l kj =
(d STj t j ) t j p d
j = 1,2,3,4

:
T j -
N
pd = 50 100
.
2
mm

d st

l kst

1
2
3
4
, p d
120
l kj - 5.

10

 1
7.1.
()

2T j
S =
Sdoz
b j d STj l KSTj

SD = (60 90)

N
mm 2

j = 1,2,3,4

8. ()
8.1.

Zj =

3
d STj

32

b j t j (d STj t j )

[mm ]
3

2d STj

j = 2,3
Zj =

3
d STj

[mm ]
3

32
j = A, B

8.2.
Z oj =

3
d STj

16

b j t j (d STj t j )

2d STj

[mm ]
3

j = 1,2,3,4
Z oj =

3
d STj

16
j = , B

[mm ]
3

11

 1
8.3.
) :
M Sj
N
Sj =
mm 2 j = ,2,3,
Zj

)
Tj
N
j = ,1,2,3,4,
nj =
mm 2
Z oj

8.4.
)
S oj =

[ D ]
Sj

j = ,2,3,

)
Sj =

[ D ]
nj

j = ,1,2,3,4,

8.5. ()
) (M S 0; T 0 )
S S
j = ,2,3,
S j = j j
S2j + S2j

) (M S = 0; T 0 )
j = 1,4
S j = Sj
.

9.
9.1.

:
[N ] j = ,
Fej = X V Frj + Y Fxj
j = FrA = FA
j = FrB = FB
()
Fxj - .
.
Fx = 0; x, v, y
x y
Fx
<> e
Fr
( : 12.19 12.35) 2.
( .12.35) . 3 .
251- 2
V=1-

12

 1
9.2. ( )
:
p
j = ,
C j = S K K A Fej L n ......[kN ]
:
p=3 - , S=0,153
10
- , S=0,18488
p=
3
K - ( .12.37 )
K A - ( .12.38 )
L[h] - - ( .12.39 )
n s 1 -
Fej - ( .9.1 ) kN

[ ]

C Tah C j .
10.
.
10.1. -
10.05 2 d st1
T1
10.2
)
T
[N ]
Ft1 = 1
z D2
z D2 (.10.05 )
)
Ft1
N
p=
2 2,4
mm 2
(l 4 x ) d 4
: 4 4 .10.31
)
8.8.
:
D13( 4)
[mm3 ] (4)- 4
Z=
32
- :
l

[Nmm]
M S = Ft1 4 + x
2

- :

13

S =

MS
N
Sdoz = 140
Z
mm 2

10.3. -
- .10.39 .44.
d d st1 [cm]. mm.
11.
11.1. .1,2,3,4
H7
.
j6
5.50- 1
:
- ,
.

()

11.2. -
P9
N9

.

h9
h9
- .
11.3. -
KB (T .12.44)

k 6(T .12.49)
2
: 12.44 12.49 2.
12.
.11.4.5 . 135, .12.3.9 .
310, .12.3.10 . 318 .12.3.12 .328 2.

14

1 - . 2

Z3
B

Z3,
S, Z1 R.
:
1. , .
2. .
3. (
).
4. :
)
) Hildebrant-
5.
.
6. 1 :
) ,
.
) .
:

1
Z1 2
R 4
L
n
Z1 1
Z3 3
R R
Z3
Z1 2

8
K
0,5P1
P1
50K
12,3
90
0
0
12
29
G1=100N
D1=130 mm

9
2K
P1
P1
60K
16,6
180
90
90
13
33
G2=90N
D2=120 mm

10
3K
2P1
P1
70K
24,3
270
270
270
15
40
G3=120N
D3=150 mm

kW
kW
kW
mm
-1
s

G4=110N
D4=110 mm

!!! XV- !!!

:____________________________
:___________________

:___________________
:___________________

F2

F1

1
Fa1

Fr1

z1 -

Ft 2

Ft1
Fr 2

Fa 2

z 2 -

Fa1
Ft1

z1 -

Fr1
C
C

Fr 2

Ft 2
Fa 2

z 2 -

Fa 2

Fr 2

Ft 2

Ft1
z1

Fa1
Fr1

z2

z 2 -

Fr 2

Fa 2

Ft 2
z1 -

Ft1

Fr1 Fa1

z 2 -

1
Ft 2
Fa1

z1 -

Fr1 C

Fa 2

Fr 2

Ft1

z 2 -

1
Ft 2
z1 -

Fa1
Fr1

Fa 2

C
C

Ft1

Fr 2

z 2 -

Fr 2

Ft1

Fa1

Ft 2

Fa 2

z1 -

Fr1

z 2 -

Fr 2
C

Fa 2
Ft 2
Fa1

Ft1
C

z1 -

1
Fr1