Friday, January 12, 2018.

Respiration
Learning intentions

• 2.34 understand how the process of respiration produces ATP in living

organisms
• 2.35 know that ATP provides energy for cells
• 2.37 know the word equation and the balanced chemical symbol
equation for aerobic respiration in living organisms
2.37 know the word equation and the balanced chemical symbol equation for aerobic respiration in living organisms

Exam question
2.37 know the word equation and the balanced chemical symbol equation for aerobic respiration in living organisms

Answer
2.34 understand how the process of respiration produces ATP in living organisms
2.35 know that ATP provides energy for cells

Respiration is not breathing in and out

• Respiration is the process of transferring energy from glucose.
• It occurs in the mitochondria of every cell
• Some energy transferred by heat (exothermic reaction)
• Energy used from respiration cannot be used directly by cells - so its
used to make a substance called ATP.
• ATP stores the energy needed for many cell processes.
• When a cell needs energy ATP molecules are broken down and energy
is released.
• There are 2 types of respiration, aerobic and anaerobic.
2.34 understand how the process of respiration produces ATP in living organisms
2.35 know that ATP provides energy for cells

The structure of ATP

Adenosine triphosphate

-ATP is a phosphorylated
nucleotide (similar to the
structure of DNA and RNA)

(ATP cant leave the cell where it

is made)
2.34 understand how the process of respiration produces ATP in living organisms
2.35 know that ATP provides energy for cells

Why ATP acts as an energy store...

-When 1 phosphate group is
removed from each molecule in
one mole of ATP, 30.5 kJ of
energy’s released ATPase

-This is a hydrolysis reaction Water

(requires water), and is
catalysed by enzymes called Energy released
ATPases ADP Pi
(30.5KJ mol-1)
2.34 understand how the process of respiration produces ATP in living organisms
2.35 know that ATP provides energy for cells

The energy released from hydrolysis of ATP

adenosine adenosine
diphosphate monophosphate
2.34 understand how the process of respiration produces ATP in living organisms
2.35 know that ATP provides energy for cells

Quick Quiz
1. Why does each cell require ATP?
ATP cannot cross the plasma membrane
2. 2 advantages of ATP over direct energy transfer from
glucose
Idea of packaging of energy
3. Why is all the chemical energy released during
respiration not transferred to ATP
Lost as heat
4. How much energy is released through the
condensation of ATP → ADP→AMP
75.4KJmol-1
Exam question
 Friday, January 12, 2018
Aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
Learning Intentions

• 2.36 describe the differences between aerobic and anaerobic

respiration.
• 2.37 know the word equation and the balanced chemical symbol
equation for aerobic respiration in living organisms
• 2.38 know the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and
in animals
2.36 describe the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
2.37 know the word equation and the balanced chemical symbol equation for aerobic respiration in living organisms

Aerobic respiration
• Aerobic respiration occurs when there is lots of oxygen available
• It’s the most efficient way to transfer energy from glucose.
• It produces 21 molecules of ATP per molecule of glucose.

• The word equation

glucose + oxygen    →    carbon dioxide + water (+ energy)

Q. Can you write a balanced symbol equation?

2.36 describe the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
2.38 know the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and in animals

Anaerobic respiration
This type of respiration uses no oxygen at all
It produces 2 molecules of ATP per glucose molecule

as the glucose is only partially broken down it releases Lactic acid

Lactic acid build up is painful and causes cramps

The word equation is

Glucose → Lactic Acid (+ Energy)

2.36 describe the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
2.38 know the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and in animals

Anaerobic respiration in plants

• Plants can also respire without oxygen.
• Instead of producing Lactic Acid, they produce Ethanol

The word equation is:

Glucose → Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide (+ Energy)

2.36 describe the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

Copy and complete the table

2.36 describe the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

Application task
Exam Question
Answers
Application task