0 INTRODUCTION TO MEDIA AND

INFORMATION LITERACY
LECTURE SESSION
• Identify the similarities and differences between
and among media literacy, information literacy,
and technology literacy;
• Create a log that reflects their current use and
interaction with media and information;
• Define the key concepts (media, information, Session
technology literacy, and media and information
literacies); Objectives
• Compare and relate the media and information
literacy framework to their own understandings
and competencies
• What is Media and
Information Literacy?

• What is the difference between

Data and Information?

• What are the forms of Media

and Information Literacies? Session Outline
• What are the Characteristics
of Media and Information
Literate Individuals?
 Terminologies
MEDIA pertains to the means and resources being used for creating,
delivering, sharing, and processing information.

INFORMATION is a broad term that covers processed data and

knowledge derived from study, experience, instruction, signals, or symbols.

LITERACY is the ability to identify, understand, interpret, create,

communicate, and compute using written or unwritten materials associated
with varying contexts.

TECHNOLOGY pertains to synthesized tools that serve to apply

knowledge or technique to perform tasks and obtain results.
 Media
MEDIA is the source of credible information where
content is provided through an editorial process
determined by journalistic values and where editorial
accountability can be attributed to an organization or
legal person (obsolete definition).

MEDIA is any object (physical or not) that serves as a

source or channel for information (current definition).
Media

PRINT MEDIA BROADCAST DIGITAL

(NEWS MEDIA MEDIA
PAPERS, (TELEVISION, (INTERNET,
MAGAZINES, RADIO, SOCIAL
BOOKS, SATELLITES, MEDIA,
JOURNALS, MOBILE COMPUTERS)
COMICS, PHONES,
BROCHURES) FILMS)
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY

MAGAZINE
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC
 • MANILA BULLETIN
NEWSPAPER • PHILIPPINE DAILY INQUIRER
• PHILIPPINE STAR
BROCHURES
JOURNAL
FILM, CASSETTE
TAPE, VHS
 • The main difference between a cellphone and a
smartphone is that cell phones are used to make calls
MOBILE and receive messages through radio frequency links.
Whereas smartphones are used not only to make calls
PHONES and receive messages but also to access the internet
facilities, take good quality pictures and stay
connected via social media.
 Purposes of Media
• acts as channels of information and knowledge

• facilitates informed debates between diverse social actors

• serves as means by which the society learns about itself and builds
a sense of community

• functions as a watchdog of the government by promoting

transparency in public life and public scrutiny of those with power

• acts as facilitator of democratic processes

Data and Information

Generated in absurdly large quantities each

day, DATA refers to facts, figures, and
values. INFORMATION, on the other
hand, is when these data are processed and
translated into something meaningful or
significant.
Data and Information
For instance, the records and
values of gas liters you pump
and load each morning are
data. When you process these
to identify that you are
spending x amount of money
on gas alone and conclude that
you are overspending, these
become information.
 Technology

Digital technology or ‘new media’

commonly pertains to the Internet (the
global system of interconnected computer
networks). It is one of the most valuable
innovations in the 20th century.
 Literacy
Basically, literacy is the ability to read, write, speak, and
listen in a way that lets individuals communicate effectively.

In the context of media and information literacy (MIL),

literacy refers to an individuals ability to receive, assess,
process, share, and create information effectively, ethically,
and properly for the purpose of expressing oneself,
interacting with others, and contributing to society.
 Media Literacy

Media literacy is the ability to access, analyze,

evaluate, and create media in a variety of
forms. It aims to empower citizens by providing
them with the necessary competencies
(knowledge and skills) to engage with traditional
media and new technologies.
 Information Literacy

Information literacy is the ability to recognize

when information is needed, as well as locate,
evaluate, and effectively communicate
information in its various formats.
 Technology Literacy

Technology literacy is the ability of an

individual to use technological tools
responsibly, appropriately, and effectively. With
these tools, an individual can access, manage,
integrate, evaluate, create, and communicate
information.
Media and Info Literacy
MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY is a set
of competencies that empowers citizens to access,
retrieve, understand, evaluate, use, create, and share
information and media content CRITICALLY,
ETHICALLY, and EFFECTIVELY.

It is considered as an essential and fundamental skill

for both digital natives, immigrants, and aliens.
Media and Info Literacy

Media and information literacy is a set of

essential skills and competencies that allow
individuals to engage with media and other
information providers effectively, as well as
develop critical thinking and life-long learning
skills to socialize and become active citizens.
VENN DIAGRAM

Using the Venn Diagram, identify the similarities and differences between
and among media literacy, information literacy, and technology literacy.
 THINK BEFORE YOU click
• Social media aren’t a purely negative or positive force—it all
depends on how you use it. So if you want it to hold a positive, or
at least a neutral place in your life, it’s for you to take measures to
use social media responsibly. Below are the activities that you will
do to show how it is to be a responsible social media user. Just
choose one from among the options.
• Task Options:
• a. Make a poster campaigning for responsible use of media and
information.-1/2iIB HOPE-4
• b. Compose/JINGLE a song expressing how to be responsible
media and information user. HOPE-2
• c. Create a poem expressing how to be responsible media and
information user. HOPE-1
• d. List etiquettes on the use of media and information. HOPE-3
 Media and
Information Literate
Individuals
 Independent

Media and information literate

INDEPENDEN
T
individuals can independently
process digital or printed texts
of varying complexity, discuss
MEDIA AND
INFORMATION
LITERATE
and elaborate ideas with others,
INDIVIDUAL

and understand and apply

conventions of vocabulary and
grammar while applying
learning strategies.
 Knowledgeable

These individuals acquire,

process, share, and translate
deep information about their
fields. They can discuss and
MEDIA AND
INFORMATION
LITERATE
CONTENT
KNOWLEDGE
elaborate on discipline-specific
INDIVIDUAL

texts and become experts on

their fields.
 Responsive

Media and information literate

individuals can adjust the way
they communicate with others
depending on the audience, task,
MEDIA AND
INFORMATION
LITERATE
purpose, discipline, and other
INDIVIDUAL

demands or factors in the

situation.
RESPONSIV
E
 Critical with Information

Not only do they understand the

information being given, but
they also critique the content,
delivery, and processing of
MEDIA AND
INFORMATION
LITERATE
data. The subconsciously
INDIVIDUAL

question the media and give

great emphasize on the provided
CRITICAL
WITH
INFORMATION
evidence.
 Technology Savvy

They are capable. They

effectively make use of
technology and new media in a
way that is highly advantageous
TECHNOLOG
Y SAVVY
MEDIA AND
INFORMATION
LITERATE
for the purpose of their
INDIVIDUAL

communication
 Considerate

They acknowledge,
CONSIDERAT
E understand, and respect
others’ perspectives and
cultures. They are aware of
MEDIA AND
INFORMATION
LITERATE
individual differences and keep
INDIVIDUAL

these in mind when

communicating.
 Media and
CONSIDERAT INDEPENDEN
E T

Information Literate
Individuals
MEDIA AND
TECHNOLOG INFORMATION CONTENT
Y SAVVY LITERATE KNOWLEDGE
INDIVIDUAL

(Summary)
CRITICAL RESPONSIV
WITH
INFORMATION E
Abdul Wahab, S., Rose, R., & Wati Osman, S. (2012).
Defining the concepts of technology and technology
transfer: A literature analysis. Internation Business
Research, 61-71.

Connolly, M., & Giouroukakis, V. (2016). Achieving next

generation literacy: Using the texts (you think) you hate
to help the students you love. Virginia: Association for
Supervision and Curriculum Development. References
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO). (2019). Module 1: Citizenship,
freedom of expression and information, access to
information, democratic discourse, and life-long
learning.

National Literacy Trust (2019). What is literacy.

Retrieved from
https://literacytrust.org.uk/information/what-is-literacy/
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