II
Pranuthi: Hi Sumathi, (it's a) pleasure seeing
you, though after a long time. How's
everybody?
(î√™«-鬩ç ûª®√yûª®·Ø√ E†’o éπ©’-Ææ’-
èπ◊-†oç-ü¿’èπ◊ ÆæçûÓ≠æç. Åçû√ èπ◊¨¡-©-¢Ë’Ø√?)
Sumathi: Everybody is OK. (It's) nice seeing
you too.
(Åçû√ Íé~´’ç. E†’o îª÷úøôç èπÿú≈ Ø√èπ◊
džçü¿çí¬ ÖçC)
Pranuthi: What's (What has) kept you away so
long?
(†’Ny-Eo-®Ó-V©’ áçü¿’èπ◊ ††’o éπ©-´-™‰ü¿’/
îª÷úø-™‰ü¿’/ à¢Á’içCEo ®ÓV©’?)
Sumathi: You know I'd been very busy prepar-
ing for the civils. I sat the last exam
the day before (yesterday). It's off my
mind now. Oh, what a relief!
(Fèπ◊ ûÁ©’-Ææ’í¬ Øˆ’ civils (= IAS, IPS,
etc., exams) ûÓ BJé𠙉èπ◊çú≈ ÖØ√o†’.
¢Á·†o *´J exam ®√¨»†’. Å®·-
§Ú-®·çC. áçûª £æ…®·í¬ ÖçüÓ!)
Pranuthi: I think you delayed taking the exams.
You should have attempted them last
year itself.
(†’´¤y Ç©Ææuç î˨»´¤. †’´¤y §Ú®·†
Ææç´-ûªq-®Ω¢Ë’ ®√Ææ’ç-ú≈-LqçC.)
(last year itself = í∫ûª Ææç´-ûªq-®Ω¢Ë’)
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 158
It's a pleasure seeing you
Sumathi: True. But I felt I needed time. It's not
easy preparing for that kind of
exams, is it?
(Eï¢Ë’. é¬F Éçé¬Ææh time 鬢√-©-E-°œç-
*çC Ø√èπ◊. / é¬-F time î√©-ü¿-E-°œç-*çC.
Å™«çöÀ exams èπ◊ prepare 鬴ôç
Åçûª Ææ’©¶µºç é¬ü¿’-éπü∆.)
Pranuthi: So how did you in the exams?
Sumathi: To my satisfaction of course. But then
there is no knowing what happens
until the results are out.
(Ø√ ûª%°œh ¢Ë’®Ωèπ◊ ®√¨»†’. Å®·Ø√ °∂æL-û√©’
¢Á©’-´-úË-´-®Ωèπ◊ àO’ ûÁL-ߪ’ü¿’/ îÁ°æp™‰ç)
Pranuthi: Happy that you leave fared well.
Civils are always worth trying.
(†’´¤y ¶«í¬ ®√Æœ-†ç-ü¿’èπ◊ ÆæçûÓ≠æç. civils
á°æ¤púø÷ v°æߪ’-Aoç-îª-ü¿-í∫_¢Ë.)
(worth trying = v°æߪ’-Aoç-îª-ü¿-T†)
Sumathi: They are, undoubtedly. But they are
quite tough. Even brilliant candidates
have difficulty making it to the top
ranks.
(éπ*a-ûªçí¬. Å®·ûË Ñ exams î√™«
éπ≠dçæ . î√™« ûÁL-N-í∫© Ŷµºu-®Ω’n©’ èπÿú≈ °j
ranks ûÁa-éÓ-´-ö«-EéÀ éπ≠d-°
æ æ-úø’-ûª’ç-ö«®Ω’.)
tough = éπ≠dç æ (exams N≠æߪ’ç.)
quite = °æ‹Jhí¬/ ¶«í¬.
brilliant = î√™« ûÁL-¢Áj†. (ÅÆæ©’ Å®Ωnç = î√™«
v°æé¬-¨¡-´ç-ûª-¢Á’i†)
Pranuthi: Still there is nothing wrong in hoping
for the best, you see. Sometimes the
results are long coming.
(Å®·Ø√ ´’ç*E ÇPç-îª-ôç™ ûªÊ°pç-™‰ü¿’.
äéÌ\-éπ\-°æ¤púø’ results ®√´-ö«-EéÀ time
°æúø’-ûª’çC)
J J J J
Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm
Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛
We have been discussing the use of the
'-ing' form for some time now, haven't we?
We have seen so far the verbs which are
followed by the '-ing' forms.
äéπ verbs ´÷vûª¢Ë’ é¬èπ◊çú≈, éÌEo Éûª®Ω expres-
sions ûª®√yûª èπÿú≈ '-ing' forms ¢√úø’-ûª’ç-ö«®Ω’.
ÉC ´’† conversations ÆæçéÀ~-°æhçí¬ Öçúø-ö«-EéÀ
≤ƒßª’-°æ-úø’-ûª’çC.
Ç expressions éÌEo ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊çü∆ç.
Now, Look at the following sentences from the
dialogue between Pranuthi and Sumathi above.
1. (It's a) pleasure seeing you, though after a
long time.
2. (It's) nice seeing you too
3. I've been very busy preparing for the civils
4. I think you delayed taking the exams
5. It's not easy preparing for the exam
6. ... there is no knowing what happens..
7. Civils are always worth trying
8. ... candidates have difficulty making it to the top.
9. Sometimes the results are long coming.
1. It's a pleasure seeing you, though after a
long time.
2. It's nice seeing you
too. pleasure/
Ééπ\úø
nice °æéπ\†'-ing' form
¢√úøéπç í∫´’-Eç-îªçúÕ.
O’èπ◊ ûÁ©’-Ææ’-í∫ü∆,
pleasure meeting
you, nice meeting
you °æ©-éπ-Jç°æ¤
´÷ô-©E. M. SURESAN
É™« °æ©-éπ-Jç°æ¤ Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x pleasure, nice ™«çöÀ
´÷ô© ûª®√yûË é¬èπ◊çú≈ glad ûª®√yûª èπÿú≈ '-ing'
form ¢√úøôç í∫´’-EçîË Öçö«®Ω’.
Glad meeting/ seeing you. (°æJ-îª-ߪ’-¢Á’i-†-°æ¤púø’,
Åçõ‰ introduction Å°æ¤púø’)
Glad knowing you - (ÉC-èπÿú≈ introduction
Å°æ¤púø’ ¢√úË expression.
(Å®·ûË Ñ ´÷ô-©-EoöÀ ûª®√yûª, °æ©-éπ-Jç°æ¤,
°æJ-îªßª’ Ææçü¿-®Ωs¥ç™ '-ing' form •ü¿’©’, infini-
tive èπÿú≈ ¢√úø´îª’a.
Pleasure/ nice/ glad seeing you/ knowing
you/ meeting you = pleasure/ nice/ glad to
see/ to know/ to meet you.
3) I'd been busy preparing for the civils =
؈’ civils èπ◊ prepare Å´¤ûª÷ busy í¬ ÖØ√o/
BJ-éπ-™‰-èπ◊çú≈ ÖØ√o.
Ééπ\úø busy °æéπ\†, à 鬮Ωùç ´©x busy
ņo-°æ¤púø’ ÅC '-ing' form ™ ¢√úøû√ç.
a) She is busy making arrangements for the
dinner =
dinner
Ç¢Á’ à®√p-ôxûÓ BJ-éπ-™‰-èπ◊çú≈ ÖçC.
b) They are busy inviting people to their daugh-
ter's marriage =
busy
¢√∞¡x-´÷t®· °Rx-°œ-©’-°æ¤-©ûÓ ¢√∞¡Ÿx í¬ ÖØ√o®Ω’.
c) I was busy the whole of last week moving to
our new home.
í∫ûª ¢√®Ωç Åçû√ É©’x ´÷®Ω-ôçûÓ
BJ-éπ-™‰-èπ◊çú≈ ÖØ√o/ É©’x ´÷®Ω-ôçûÓ ÆæJ-§Ú-®·çC.
Å®·ûË busy with ûª®√yûª noun ´Ææ’hçC.
a) I was busy with the arrangements for the
meeting. (meeting busy
à®√p-ôxûÓ í¬ ÖØ√o–
arrangements - noun.)
b) She is busy with the exams = °æK-éπ~-©ûÓ BJ-éπ-
[busy with + the exams (noun)]
™‰-èπ◊çú≈ ÖçC.
4. delayed taking the exams. Exams
èπÿ®Óa-´ôç Ç©Ææuç î˨»´¤.
-¨¡Ÿ-véπ¢√®Ωç 19 -¢Ë’ 2006
b) She had a lot of difficulty understanding what
a) He delayed taking a decision = E®Ωgߪ’ç
he had said =Åûª†’ îÁ°œpçC Å®Ωnç îËÆæ’-éÓ-´ôç
taking - '-ing' form
BÆæ’-éÓ-´ôç™ ñ«°æuç î˨»úø’.
Ç¢Á’èπ◊ î√™« éπ≠d-´æ ’-®·çC.
b) They delayed coming to an agreement =
ä°æpçü¿ç èπ◊ü¿’-®Ω’a-éÓ-´-ôç™ ñ«°æuç î˨»®Ω’. É™« difficulty ûª®√yûª '-ing' form ´Ææ’hçC.
í∫ûªç™ îª÷¨»ç, delay ûª®√yûª noun èπÿú≈ ¢√úÌ-îªaE. (äéÌ\-éπ\-°æ¤púø’ difficulty + in + ing form èπÿú≈
c) The government delayed the project =
´Ææ’hçC. é¬F É°æ¤p-úÕC Å®Ω’ü¿’, 'in' ´C-™‰-Ææ’h-Ø√o®Ω’)
9) ... the results are long coming =
v°æ¶µº’ûªyç project †’ Ç©Ææuç îËÆœçC. long + coming ('-ing' form) = Ç©-Ææu-´’-´¤-û√®·.
d) They delayed the completion of the bridge =
a) He was long/ He took long buying a house =
Bridge °æ‹-Jh-îË-ߪ’-ö«-Eo ¢√∞¡Ÿx Ç©Ææuç î˨»®Ω’.
É©’x é̆ôç ñ«°æuç î˨»úø’.
(c), (d) ©™ delayed ûª®√yûª, project, com-
b) I won't be long coming = ؈’ ®√´ôç Ç©Ææuç
pletion, È®çúø÷ nouns éπü∆.
îËߪ’†’. (long + coming -ing form)
5. It's not easy preparing for the civils =
c) He took long deciding what to do àç îËߪ÷™
civils èπ◊ prepare Å´ôç Ææ’©¶µºç é¬ü¿’.
E®Ωg-®·ç--éÓ-´-ö«-EéÀ î√™« time BÆæ’-èπ◊-Ø√oúø’.
Preparing- 'ing' form)
ÉC modern English conversation ™ î√™«
a) It is easy convincing mother = Å´’tèπ◊ †îªa-
common.
îÁ-°æpôç Ææ’©¶µºç= It is easy to convince moth- d) She wasn't long/ didn't take long marrying
er Åçõ‰ easy ûª®√yûª '-ing' form Å®·Ø√ ¢√úÌa, the young man she loved. ûª†’ vÊ°N’ç-*-†-ûª-úÕ-E
infinitive Å®·Ø√ ¢√úÌa.
°Rx îËÆæ’-éÓ-´-ôç™ Ç¢Á’ Ç©Ææuç îËߪ’-™‰ü¿’.
b) It wasn't easy operating the machine = Ñ expressions ÅEoçöÀ °æéπ\† '-ing' form
Ç machine †’ †úø-°æôç Ææ’©¶µºç ÅE-°œç-îª-™‰ü¿’ =
¢√úøôç É°æpöÀ ¢√úø’éπ. ¶«í¬ practice îËߪ’çúÕ.
It wasn't easy to operate the machine.
EXERCISE
Pranav: Hi Ramana, á°æ¤púø÷ àüÓ îËÆæ÷h BJéπ
™‰èπ◊çú≈ Öçö«´¤
Ramana: àç îËߪ’†’? ´÷ ÉçöÀéÀ ®ÓW á´®Ó
äéπ®Ω’ ÅA-ü∑¿’-©’í¬ ´≤ƒh®Ω’. ¢√∞¡}-é¬\-¢√-Lq†
à®√p-ôxûÓ Ø√ time Åçû√ Å®·-§Ú-ûÓçC.
Pranav: Å®·ûË îªü¿’-´¤-éÓ-´-ö«-EéÀ time á°æ¤púø’
üÌ®Ω’-èπ◊-ûª’çüÓ?
c) It's always easy cheating an innocent man =
Ramana: ÅüË Ø√ Ææ´’Ææu. îªü¿’-´¤-éÓ-´-ö«-EéÀ äéπ\
Å´÷-ߪ’-èπ◊úÕo ¢Á÷Ææç îËߪ’ôç á°æ¤púø÷ Ææ’©-¶µº¢Ë’. EN’≠æç time üÌ®Ω-éπôç éπ≠dçæ í¬ ÖçöçC.
Ééπ\úø èπÿú≈ cheating •ü¿’©’, to cheat ¢√úÌa.
Pranav: É¢√Ld guests á°æ¤-úÁ-∞«h®Ω’?.
6. There's no knowing what happens. Ramana: ÅC á´-Jéà ûÁL-ߪ’ü¿’– ¢√∞Îx-°æ¤p-úÁ-∞«h®Ó?
àç ï®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’çüÓ á´-Jéà ûÁL-ߪ’ü¿’/ ûÁLÊÆ O©’-™‰ü¿’. Pranav: Exams ´Ææ’h-Ø√o®· éπü∆. ¢√öÀéÀ prepare
There is no knowing-
Å´ôç Åçûª Ææ’©¶µºç é¬ü¿’éπü∆?
ÉC English conversation frequent
™ î√™« Ramana: é¬Ææh ÉçöÀéÀ ü¿÷®Ωçí¬ room BÆæ’-èπ◊çö«.
There is no knowing = No
í¬ ¢√úø’-ûª’ç-ö«®Ω’.
one knows/ No one can know.
Å°æ¤púŒ íÌúø´ ™‰èπ◊çú≈ îªü¿-¢Ìa.
a) That will happen, no doubt, but there is no
Pranav: ´’ç* idea. ÅC îËߪ’-ü¿-í∫_üË.
Ramana: ´÷ Ø√†o ÜJ-†’ç* AJT ®√í¬ØË Ç °æE
knowing when = ÅC ï®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’çC, ÆæçüË£æ«ç
îË≤ƒh. ´÷ Ø√†o Ç©Ææuç îËߪ’-èπ◊çú≈
™‰ü¿’. é¬E á°æ¤púø-ØËC á´®Ω÷ îÁ°æp-™‰®Ω’.
AJ-íÌ-≤ƒh-úøØË ÇP-Ææ’hØ√o.
b) There was no knowing why he did it at all =
ÅÆæ©’ ¢√úøC áçü¿’èπ◊ î˨»-úø-ØËC á´-Jéà ûÁL-ߪ’ü¿’. ANSWER
c) Ram: When is Laxman coming?
Pranav: Hi Ramana, you appear busy doing
Syam: There's no knowing when he will
something or the other.
come. (ûÁL-ߪ’ü¿’) Ramana: What can I do? We have some
7. Civils are worth trying= civils v°æߪ’-Aoç-îª-ü¿-í∫_¢Ë. guests or the other everyday. I spend
worth = îËߪ’-ü¿-T†/ N©’´í∫©/ N©’´ îËߪ’ôç. the whole time attending on them. I
worth ûª®√yûª '-ing' form noun
é¬F, é¬F am busy arranging for their stay.
´Ææ’hçC. Pranav: When do you find the time for study?
a) The movie is worth watching =
Ramana: That's my problem. I have difficulty
ÆœE´÷ îª÷úø-ü¿-í∫_üË (watching - ing form) finding a minute's time for study.
b) It is not worth spending so much time =
Pranav: When do today's guests go away?
Åçûª time ¢Á*aç-îËçûª N≠æߪ’ç é¬ü¿C.
Ramana: There's no knowing when they go
c) This second hand car is not worth Rs. 1 lakh
away.
second hand car
Ñ ©éπ~ ®Ω÷§ƒ-ߪ’© N©’´
îËߪ’ü¿’. (Rs 1 lakh = Noun) Pranav: Exams are fast approaching. It's not
easy preparing for them.
d) The book is worth its weight in gold =
Ç °æ¤Ææhéπç ü∆E •®Ω’-´çûª •çí¬®Ωç N©’-´-í∫-©C. Ramana: I want to take room some distance
from home. I'll then be free from the
(worth its weight - noun)
disturbance.
8. Candidates have difficulty making it to the top
rank
ûÁL-¢Áj† Ŷµºu-®Ω’n©’ èπÿú≈ Ö†oûª ©’ §Òçü¿- Pranav: A good idea. worth trying.
ö«-EéÀ éπ≠d-°æ æ-úø-û√®Ω’. Ramana: I'll do that after my father comes
difficulty + making ('-ing' form) back. Hope he won't be/ take long
coming.
èπ◊ a) I had difficulty finding the address =
Ç address ûÁ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-´-ö«-EéÀ Ø√èπ◊ éπ≠d-´æ ’-®·çC.