-´’çí∫-∞¡-¢√®Ωç 29 -V-™„j 2008
'Can I have your pen?'
Q. 1. ' Åûª-úÕE Ø√èπ◊ °æJ-îªßª’ç îÁߪ’u¢√?—— – DEE
ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ à´’ç-ö«®Ω’?
2. "How do you do?" ņo-°æ¤púø’ ´’†ç AJT
ÅüË ¢√éπuç îÁ°æpúøç Ææ´÷-üµ∆†ç ᙫ Å´¤-
ûª’çC?
3. Of course †’ àßË’ Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x ¢√úø-û√®Ω’?
4. ' F éÓÆæç áEo É•sç-ü¿’-™„-ü¿’-®Ì\-Ø√oØÓ Fèπ◊ ûÁL-
ߪ’ü¿’?——– DEE ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ à´’ç-ö«®Ω’?
5. Å¢√-®Ω’fèπ◊, J¢√-®Ω’fèπ◊ ´’üµ¿u ûËú≈ àN’öÀ?
6. ' ØËEçûË— ņ-ú≈-EéÀ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ à´’-Ø√L?
7. ' ¢Áüµ¿´ (îÁûªh) Ææ©-£æ…-L-´yèπ◊— – DEE ÉçTx-≠ˇ™
à´’ç-ö«®Ω’?
- Dr.Ramesh, J.Krishna, Rajapuram
A.
1) Won't you/ wouldn't you/ why don't you/
introduce him to me?/ How about intro-
ducing him to me?
2) "How do you do?"
†’ v°æ¨¡o ®Ω÷°æç™ Ö†o
Ææ´÷-üµ∆-†çí¬ BÆæ’-éÓ-¢√L. ÅC English ¢√∞¡x
Ææçv°æü∆ߪ’ç.
3) éπ*a-ûªçí¬/ ÅçûË-éπü∆/ ÅC ¢ËÍ® îÁ§ƒp™«? Ñ
Å®√n™‰ é¬èπ◊çú≈ ´’®√u-ü¿-éπ-®Ωçí¬ Å†’-´’A É´y-ú≈-
EéÀ èπÿú≈ ¢√úøû√ç.
Q. 1. Who knows the answer?
(Ææ´÷-üµ∆†ç
á´-JéÀ ûÁ©’Ææ’ ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ) ûª°æ¤p-éπü∆?
-O’®Ω-™« -¢√-ú≈®Ω’. Ééπ\úø whom •ü¿’©’ who
Öçú≈-L-éπü∆?
2. What brings you here? ÅØ√o®Ω’. Ñ ¢√éπuç
simple present ™ ÖçC éπü∆. You ûÓ
verb èπ◊ s îË®Ω-ü¿’-éπü∆, ÅçûË-é¬-èπ◊çú≈ question
form ûÓ do/ does ¢√ú≈-L-éπü∆?
3. ' à £æ«Ùô-™¸™ Öçö«®· °æ‹K©’?—— DEE
ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ ᙫ îÁ§ƒpL? DE™ sub, verb,
object àN’öÀ? ¢√öÀE ᙫ Å´’-®√aL?
4. Gold Rush Åçõ‰ àN’öÀ? ÉC ¢√úø’-éπ™
Öçü∆?
5. Certainly, O.K., Of course.. OöÀ-´’üµ¿u ûËú≈
àN’öÀ?
6. O’®Ω’ "She went/ left for the U.S. last
week ÅØ√o®Ω’. Left Åçõ‰ ´ü¿-©úøç éπü∆.
´uA-Í®éπ Å®Ωnç ®√ü∆?
- B.Viveka Satyanandam, Korukonda
A. 1) ûÁ©’-í∫’™ 'á´-JéÀ— ÅE ¢√úÕ-†-°æp-öÀéÃ, English
™ know èπ◊ ûÁL-ߪ’úøç ÅE îÁÊ°pç-ü¿’èπ◊ I/
we/ you/ he/ she/ it/ they/ who ÅØË
Åçö«ç, me/ us/ him/ her/ them/ whom
®√ü¿’.
2) Simple present ™ he/ she/ it èπ◊ ´÷vûª¢Ë’
verb èπ◊ 's' or 'es' îË®Ω’≤ƒhç. What/ who ûÓ
éÌEo Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x question èπ◊ do/ does ®√ü¿’,
´·êuçí¬ 'who' ûÓ.
Who does know/ who does like ™«çöÀ
question forms ™‰´¤.
3) Where/ In which restaurant do we get
puris?
we - subject, do get (=get)- verb.
4) áéπ\-úÁjØ√ •çí¬®Ωç ÖçC ÅE ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊E
í∫’ç°æ¤©’ í∫’ç°æ¤-©’í¬ v°æï-©-éπ\-úÕéÀ ¢Á∞¡xúøç.
5) Certainly= of course= éπ*a-ûªçí¬/ correct.
OK = ÆæÍ®™‰/ all right.
6) Left ÅØËC leave èπ◊ past tense. Leave
Åçõ‰ ´C-™‰-ߪ’-úø-´’ØË Å®Ωn¢Ë’ é¬èπ◊çú≈, äéπ
v°æü˨¡ç ´C-L-¢Á-∞¡xúøç (= •ßª’-©’-üË-®Ωúøç/ ¢ÁRx-§Ú-
´úøç) ÅØË Å®Ωnç èπÿú≈ ÖçC.
The train leaves Vijayawada at 7 =
àúÕç-öÀéÀ Ç train Vijayawada ´ü¿’-©’-ûª’çC.
Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm
Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛
'of course you can' (ûª°æp-èπ◊çú≈).
Éçé¬ 'ÅC ûÁ©’-Ææ÷hØË ÖçC éπü∆?— ÅØË Å®Ωnç
èπÿú≈ ´Ææ’hçC.
'Did India lose in the finals?'
(ÉçúÕߪ÷ finals ™ ãúÕ-§Ú-®·çü∆?)—
'of course, it did' ( ÅçûË-í¬éπ ´’Í®-´·çC)
4) You don't know how much trouble I faced
for your sake.
5) Award-
äéπJ ÊÆ´-©èπ◊, íÌ°æp-ûª-Ø√-EéÀ, v°æA-¶µºèπ◊
ÉîËa •£æ›-´’A, G®Ω’ü¿’, Ææû√\®Ωç.
Award- ´÷´‚-©’í¬ éÌçûª-é¬-©çí¬ äéπJ éπ%≠œ/
v°æA¶µºèπ◊ í∫’Jhç°æ¤.
Reward- äéπ EKgûª¢Á’i† °æEéÀ ÉîËa •£æ›-´’A.
a) Reward for good behaviour (´’ç* †úø-´-
úÕéÀ °æ¤®Ω-≤ƒ\®Ωç)
b) The father rewarded the son for his
good score in the exam (°æK-éπ~™ ´’ç*
´÷®Ω’\-©èπ◊ •£æ›-´’A)
reward.
éπ%≠œ, v¨¡´’èπ◊ v°æA-°∂æ©ç èπÿú≈
6) I am what I am/ That's what I am.
7) Don't give stupid/ useless advice.
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù
482
a car can be a white elephant
Q. -Ñ °æü∆-©èπ◊ Å®√n-©†’ Öü∆-£æ«-®Ω-ù-©ûÓ ûÁ©’-°æí∫-©®Ω’.
1. On the other hand. 2. At the risk of
3. Quondam friend 4. Read between the
lines. 5. Red letter day. 6. To and fro.
7. White elephant. 8. Wear and tear.
9. While away. 10. Go to the wall.
- A. Penchalaiah, Rajampeta
A. 1) On the other hand= ÉC on the one hand
..., on the other hand ÅØË phrase ™ ¶µ«í∫ç.
°æ®Ω-Ææp®Ωç Gµ†oçí¬, ´·êuçí¬ ´uA-Í®-éπçí¬ Ö†o
¶µ«¢√-©†’ ûÁ©-§ƒ-©-†’-èπ◊-†o-°æ¤púø’ Ñ phrase
¢√úøû√ç. Å®Ωnç: äéπ-¢Áj-Ê°¢Á÷... ÉçéÓ-¢Áj-Ê°¢Á÷...
a) On the one hand he wants to see the
film actor, but on the other he doesn't
want to miss the class= Åûª-úÕéÀ äéπ-¢Áj-Ê°¢Á÷
class
Ç †ô’úÕo îª÷ú≈-©E ÖçC, ´’®Ó-¢Áj°æ¤
§ÚíÌ-ô’d-éÓ-´úøç É≠ædç-™‰ü¿’.
b) On the one hand she knows she can't
go alone, but on the other (hand) she is
unwilling to ask for other's help=
(äéπ-¢Áj-
Ê°¢Á÷) ûªØË¢Á÷ äçô-Jí¬ ¢Á∞¡x-™‰ü¿’. ´’®Ó-¢Áj°æ¤
Éûª-®Ω’© ≤ƒßª’ç Åúø-í∫úøç ûª†-éÀ-≠dçæ -™‰ü¿’.
2) At the risk of= Åçûª v°æ´÷-ü¿-¢Á’i-†-°æp-öÀéÃ/ î√™«
v°æ´÷-ü∆-EéÀ Æœü¿l¥-°æúÕ – (´·êuçí¬ ´’† ûÁL-N-™‰-E-
ûª†ç •ßª’-ô-°æúË v°æ´÷ü¿ç/ Éûª-®Ωxèπ◊ éÓ°æç éπL-
TçîË Nüµ¿çí¬)
a) At the risk of angering my father, I took
my girl friend to a movie=
Q. 1. Demise, Die, Expire, Pass away ... OöÀ
´’üµ¿u ûËú≈ àN’öÀ?
2. Dismissal, removal, retrench OöÀ Å®√n-
©†’ N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.
- N.Pentaiah, Ghatkeswar
A. 1. Demise- äéπ Å®Ωnç– äéπ ÆæçÆæn/ ´u´Ææn/
company/ °æü∑¿éπç. OöÀ Åçûªç ™‰ü∆ N°∂æ©ç
ÅE. ´’®Ωùç ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ îªôd-°æ-J-¶µ«-≠æ™,
ví¬çC∑-éπçí¬ í¬F, £æ…≤ƒu-EéÀ í¬F ´÷vûª¢Ë’ ¢√úø-
û√®Ω’. ´÷´‚©’ spoken/ written English
™ ¢√úø®Ω’.
Die- îªE-§Ú-´úøç- Indian English ™ ´’®Ωùç
ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ ÉC ¢√úøôç î√™«-´’çC ûª°æ¤pí¬
Q. 1. Either - or, Neither - nor, though - but, not
only but also í∫’-Jç-* N´-Jçîªí∫©®Ω’.
2.
-Ñ -¢√é¬u-©-†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ ᙫ ®√ߪ÷™ ûÁ©’-°æ-
í∫-©®Ω’. á) ´®Ω-ü¿©’ H¶µº-û√qEo Ææ%≠œd-Ææ’h-Ø√o®·.
G) †≠æd-§Ú-®·†¢√JéÀ Æ‘áç °æé¬\ É∞¡Ÿx éπöÀd-≤ƒh-
´’E £æ…O’ Éî√a®Ω’. Æœ) Ç °æúø´ FöÀ™ ´·E-
T-§Ú-®·çC. -úÕ) v°æ¶µº’ûªyç É*a† £æ…O’-©†’ ØÁ®Ω-
¢Ë-®Ωa-™‰-éπ-§Ú-®·çC. -É) ¢√ߪ·-í∫’çúøç Å©p- °‘-úø-
2. a) The floods are causing havoc.
†çí¬ ´÷Í® Å´-é¬-¨¡ç ÖçC.
- Lakshmana Rao, Jangareddygudem
A. 1. Either-or- ÅüÁjØ√/ÉüÁjØ√ (È®çúÕç-öÀ™/ Éü¿l-J™)
Either Guntur or Vijayawada will be the
venue of meeting = í∫’çô÷-®Ω’-í¬F, Nï-ߪ’-¢√-úø-
í¬F Ç Æ涵ºèπ◊ ¢ËC-éπí¬ Öçô’çC.
Neither - nor (È®çúÕç-öÀ™  àD-™‰ü¿’)
I like neither idly nor puri= Ø√èπ◊ ÉúŒx É≠æd癉ü¿’,
°æ‹K É≠ædç-™‰ü¿’.
´÷ Ø√†oèπ◊ éÓ°æç éπL-TçîË
v°æ´÷-ü∆-EéÀ Æœü¿l¥-°æúÕ Ø√
girl friend †’ ÆœE-´÷èπ◊
BÆæ’-Èé∞«x.
b) The government
wants to sign the
nuclear pact even at
M.SURESAN the risk of our indepen-
dence = ´’† ≤ƒyûªç-
vû√uEo éÓ™pßË’ v°æ´÷-ü∆-EéÀ èπÿú≈ Æœü¿l¥-°æúÕ, ´’†
v°æ¶µº’ûªyç Å¢Á’-J-é¬ûÓ Åù’ ä°æpçü¿ç èπ◊ü¿’-®Ω’a-éÓ-¢√-
©-†’-èπ◊ç-öçC.
3) Quondam friend= §ƒûª-é¬-©°æ¤ ÊÆo£œ«-ûª’úø’. ÉC
î√™« ví¬çC∑éπç/ §ƒçúÕûªuç. Quondam •ü¿’©’,
one-time ¢√úøôç ¢Á’®Ω’í∫’.
4) Read between the lines= find out a mean-
ing not directly stated- °jéÀ éπE-°œç-îªE Å®Ωnç
(äéπ ®Ωîª-†™)
Reading between the lines, I am sure she
wants a share in the property =
Ç¢Á’ îÁÊ°p-ü∆-EéÀ
°jéÀ ûÁL-ߪ’E Å®Ωnç, ûª†èπ◊ ÇÆœh™ ¢√ö« 鬢√-©E.
5) Red letter day- A very important day/ A day
that we can't forget easily.
Aug 15 is a red letter day in the history of
India.
6) To and fro = to and from = Åô’ Éô’
a) In his worry he was walking to and fro in
the room =
Å´’-®√u-ü¿-éπ-®Ωçí¬ ¶µ«Nç*, demise/ expire ÅE
¢√úø’-ûª’ç-ö«®Ω’. ÅC ÆæJ-é¬ü¿’. Die Å´’-®√uü¿éπ®Ω-
¢Á’i† °æü¿ç-é¬ü¿’; Ææ£æ«-ï-¢Á’i† ¶µ«≠æ™ ¶µ«í∫ç.
Demise/ expire, die éÀ •ü¿’©’ ¢√úøôç–
2) Dismiss- ûÌ©-Tç-îªúøç. ÉC ´·êuçí¬, °æü¿-N™/
´÷´‚©’ spoken/ written English ™ îµ√çü¿-
Ææçí¬, ví¬çC∑-éπçí¬ Öçô’çC.
Expire: üËE-ÈéjØ√ 鬩ç îÁ©xúøç. äéπ °ævû√-EéÀ/
ä°æpç-ü∆-EéÀ/ °æü¿-NéÀ 鬩ç ü∆öÀ-§Ú®· ÅC
à´÷vûªç Å´’™x ™‰éπ-§Ú-´úøç. ´’çü¿’© N≠æ-ߪ’ç™
èπÿú≈ äéπ EKgûª 鬩ç ûª®√yûª ¢√úø-EN date
expired Å´¤-û√®·. Expire èπ◊ î√´¤ ÅØË Å®Ωnç
ÖçC, Å®·ûË ÉC î√™« ví¬çC∑éπç– spoken
English ™ §ƒçúÕûªuç Å´¤-ûª’çC.
2
Though= but =
Å®·-†-°æp-öÀéÃ, Å®·ûË.
Though he is rich he does not spend much =
He is
Åûªúø’ üµ¿E-èπ◊úÁj†°æp-öÀéà áèπ◊\´ ê®Ω’a-°-ôdúø’ =
rich but he doesn't spend much = Åûªúø’ üµ¿E-
èπ◊úø’ é¬F áèπ◊\´ ê®Ω’a °ôdúø’.
Not only but also = ÅüËí¬éπ ÉC èπÿú≈.
He is not only handsome but also clever =
Åûªúø’ Åçü¿-í¬úË é¬èπ◊çú≈ ûÁL-N-í∫-©-¢√úø’ èπÿú≈.
b) The CM has assured those affected/ the
victims that proper houses would be built
for them.
c) The boat sank.
d) The government hasn't been able to keep
its promises.
e) The cyclonic wind is likely to turn into a
depression.
ÇçüÓ-∞¡-†ûÓ í∫C™ Åô’ Éô’ A®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’-Ø√oúø’.
b) You will be paid I class to and fro
charges =
È®çúø’-¢Áj-°æ¤™« I class charges Fèπ◊ îÁLx-≤ƒh®Ω’.
7) White elephant= a very expensive thing=
î√™« êK-üÁj† ´Ææ’h´¤/ N≠æߪ’ç.
In these days of spiralling oil prices, a car
can be a white elephant= °vö™¸ üµ¿®Ω©’ N°æ-K-
car
ûªçí¬ Â°®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’†o Ñ ®ÓV™x, ¢√úøôç î√™«
ê®Ωa-®·† N≠æߪ’ç.
8) Wear and tear= Å®Ω’-í∫ ’-ü¿© (´Ææ ’h-´¤©’,
´·êuçí¬ ¢√£æ«-Ø√-™«xçöÀN)
The cost of a thing goes as decreasing
because of a wear and tear = Å®Ω’-í∫’-ü¿-©-´©x
´Ææ’h´¤ üµ¿®Ω ûªT_-§Úûª÷ Öçô’çC.
9) While away = 鬩çí∫úÕ-Ê°-ߪ’úøç °æF-§ƒ-ö«-™‰-èπ◊çú≈.
While he is very busy, his brother whiles
away time watching the TV= Åûªúø’ BJ-éπ-™‰-
TV
èπ◊çú≈ Öçõ‰, ÅûªúÕ ûª´·túø’ îª÷Ææ÷h 鬩ç
í∫úÕ-Ê°-Ææ’hç-ö«úø’.
10) Go to the wall= ã company/ ÆæçÆæn Eüµ¿’©
éÌ®Ω-ûª-´©x †≠æd-§Ú-´úøç/ N°∂æ-©-´’-´úøç, ¢√u§ƒ®Ωç
îËߪ’-™‰-éπ-§Ú-´úøç.
The company went to the wall because of
mismanagement of funds=
Eüµ¿’© ߪ’ï-´÷-
company
†uç™ ™§ƒ-©-´©x †≠æd-§Ú-®·çC/
´‚ÊÆ-ߪ÷-Lq†/ Cèπ◊\-ûÓ-îªE °æJ-ÆœnA à®Ωp-úÕçC.
Pass away- îªE-§Ú-´úøç– Die ÅØË ´÷ô
¢√úøôç É≠ædç-™‰-éπ-§ÚûË ÉC ¢√úÌa. ÉC conver-
sational. Ææ’©-¶µºçí¬ Å®Ωn´’ßË’u ´÷ô èπÿú≈.
ÖüÓu-í∫ç™ Ö†o-¢√-JE PéÀ~ç-îËç-ü¿’èπ◊ ûÌ©-Tç-îªúøç.
Remove èπÿú≈ ü∆ü∆°æ¤ ÉçûË. °æü¿N/ ÖüÓuí∫ç
†’ç* ûÌ©-Tç-îªúøç, Péπ~í¬/ v°æB-é¬-®Ωçí¬.
Retrench éÀ ÅÆæ-©®Ωnç– v°æ¶µº’ûªyç/ company
ê®Ω’a ûªT_ç--éÓ-´-ú≈-E-éÀ-í¬F, §Òü¿’-°æ¤-éÓ-Ææç-í¬F ÖüÓu-
í∫’-©†’ BÊÆ-ߪ’úøç retrench. ÉC Péπ~/ v°æB-
鬮Ωçé¬ü¿’.