RNI: APTEL/2008/26472

Registered: VSP/169/2010-2012

\T>T ~q|
$XK|+, 13`11`2012 eT+>ys+ d+|{: 5 d+: 30 N|t m&sY : m.\HsjTD |J\T: 4, y\: sbsTT

Bbe[ <|&!

www.manyaseema.com

\+ u~T\ kjTyTB?
|T c eTTH ... d+~+# +<+

Bbe[ |s~q+ d+<s+> bs\,

|qs\, @C+, Xj_w\
eTqdeT Xu+\T.
>eT...
Bbe[ d+<s+> eT+>ys+
e s\j d\e. eH,
T<ys+ d+ y\Te&<T.
|qssq+ >TsTys+.
` jeq+.
@ |+&T>HH m+ q+<+> sT|y\ u$ky...
n++f me &TqT KsT|& L& d<+>
+&\q~ >yT]q d+. m+<T+f |+&T> |Tq+>
sb\q |q +f L& d+|<j $\T$# eTq+ KsT
>T]+ |<> |{+#T+. VQX \VqH eTq #
eT+~ ds> #dT n+~q& <#Ty\ s|&T
T+{sT. |+&T> deTj nedsyTq ds\ <s\qT |+#
&+ <s ybs esZ+ nesq b\&TT+f... y]
eTT|+& eeT s|+ eT y{qT sTe &
<|& esZ+ #T LsT+T+~. ~ | |+&T> q
eTq qe#< nsTTH, Bbe[ $wjT+ e+ <|&
eT]+ X$T+ |# q+< #$#d #dT+~.
n&Te&+ <>Zs qT+ &e+& #jT&+ esL |+&T>
H eTq |dT+T+~. Bbe[ bdT\T neTT H y]
qT+ <#TH bdT\T, |sY, \Tw jT+D, syq,
eTT|, $&j d+~ qT+ eds ds\T
neTTH y] qT+ eTT|+& eT eeT\T sTH
bs ds|s\ d+~ eT ## |<]+#TH+<T $X
|jT\T #dT+{sT. HjT\ >T]+ #b*q
nedsyT <T. eTqT qeTTq H yTT+& #sTT #|+H...
yq ]> &sY, eT nqTL\+> eeV]+# $&jL
sTT\T e&+ |]b{. |]XeT |#d d+~, s=s{
d+d $<T\T sV+# <>T\L Bbe[ qT\T +{sTT.
n&TH u< +& n esZ\L VQeTT\T #
|+&T> bjTT\ e+ n&TH u< |+#&+ <T.
Bbe[ |+&T> >T]+ #|y* ed... usrjT d+d
|_++> y\T>=+<$ d+|<jT |+&T>\T. y{ q+<
V\ C, \, eT, esZ $u<\qT $d]+
dyT+> sT|H |+&T> ~e B|\ Bbe[. >
C>+ #d #q B|\ Xue[. qsdTsT&H sdT&
d+V]+#q eTsTd{ sE n& |& e~*q q+<+ |\T
Bbe[ #dT+{s |sD\T #T THsTT. n> \+
seDT& d+V]+ lseTT&T dr dyT+> nj< ]
eq|&T L& |\T q+< y\ eT< Bbe[
sT|Hs sejTD+ #|+~. N{ \T
y\T>T\T # |+&T>>, $j |r> Bbe[ |+&T>qT
sT|+{sT. B| e[\ Xu y\T >=+< >V+>D\T,
q+< V\+ y*$]d u\ >b\+, qq ek\
s|s|\T, |+&e+\ |TTeT|TTeT\T, uDd+# #|,
~e Bbe[ kjT>\T. |+&T> |jT{ XjTT
neTyd sEq edT+~. Bb\ |+&T> eTT+<T sE
XjTT VQ #Ts. B qs #Ts> sT|+{sT.
B|+ C' |s+V B|+ dsy|VyT
B|q k< dsyT d+< B| qydT
B|C |sV ds|+>, eTH$k, q+<, qe\,
dq, d<TZD d+| <sq+> u$ksT. eTVeTDT
\+ ojTT VQ #Ts qT+& edeT+ d+<
deTjT+ Bb\qT y*ksT. es Bb\qT eTTsTT<T
e\T bs$T deTT< kH\qT #]+ Jeq<T\
e<T\TsT. $ ku>, ko, kH |r\T>
u$ksT. |> Bbe[ Xs<Te nsT<+#+ $Xw+.
eTHX\, dTKX+T\ nqTyq \$T~. Bb\|+&T>
nsTTq Bbe[ sEq eTV\ |PqT sT|e& z
$w \<T. |Ps+ <Tsd eTV] esT <y+<T
< d+d+, eTVeyTq Vs |k~+#&T.
+<T&T < sks ueeTT q e<qTq seeTT nqT
@qT>T yT& yjT> n~ Vs * =ydT+~. n~
#q <TsdqT&T >VeTT #+~ <y+<T X|k&T.
*+> <y+<T&T seTTqT sTT, dsd+|<\T
b>=T ~# lV] b]k&T. ($T> 2...)

V<su<, qe+sY 12: sq\ >d me] |&+<T. \+

TbH $\yTH +<+, sw |uT\T y] <TH+<T
|{ es mTe+{ #s\T bs+_+#<T. {e\ \+ TbH
sc eTT+#dq $wjT+ $~yT. TbH e\ dTesT 20 \\
ms |+ re qw+ y{*+~. |{ \+ |u$ b+
|\T +<T\T |&THHsT. nsTTH kjT+ $wjT+
+<+ |{ es m+{ |q #jT<T. TbH qc n+#H
yjT& |DT\ +< sc |+b\ sw dssY
]q|{ |{ es nT |DT\ +<+ >, T +<
D kjT+| dw be&+ >eTHs+.>+ , s
es<\ sw+ u> qw+ y{*H, n|{ +<+ ns=s
kjT+H d]|{+~. |k] $|T qw+ y~ T n+#H
ydq|{, +< kjT+ e+ n++ e+>H +~. n<
$<+> s\T eq es<\ d+<s+> |< D+ s.
ysTT T |{+q|{, rs $&T<\ #d+~ 700 qT+ 800
sbjT\T << n~sT #TTHsT. C> \+
TbqT sw y|+> 18 \qT n\+ #dH, T sw
|uT+ >, T +<+> |{ es sXjTT\ q
dVjT #s\T #|<, eT+ |P]> $|\yT+<
u~T\T s|dTHsT. |{ +<+ |k kjT+
$<\be&+ >eTHs+. \+ TbH b+ |< mTq
dVjT #s\T #|{\+f sw |uT+ ] |]d \

$T+q eeVsyT. , sw+ |~ eT+~ +<eT+T\T, 33

eT+~ +>dt m+|\T q|{ sw+ +< ~*+#be&+
|< mTq $eTs\ <]rdTq~. n< {e\ nyT] X+&
TbH |<mTq $<+d+ dwd, nyT] n<&T ue u~T
\ =+&+ ds> *q $wjT+ $~yT. |dT+ sw+
\+ TbH < \~ eT+~ |\T sXjTT +<, sw
|uT\ rsT eTqTq beTT eeV]dTqT b ss
u>TZeT+THsT. < s+ =qk e# m |\ >V
#$#&*+<q b ss\T V#]dTHsT. C |]dT\
<c eT+T\T d+ es< b+ |s{+#+<T yqT+ydT
HsT. TbH $<+d+| D+ n\| deyX+ @sT #d &
|~ +<+ |+| u~T\qT <Ty\ b djTsT n_b
jT|&TTHsT. |{H \+ TbH qc CrjT $|T>
|{+ u~T\qT <Ty\ || b\T &e+& #dTHsTT.
eTT+| b+ s+J$ |sq
@\sT: sw+ \+ TbH sD+> sdTq |\qT
<Te& D+ ysTT sbjT\T eT+psT #j\
|< eTHVH d+>qT seT +< |s XK eT+ s+J$
y\&+#sT. es< qw+ |]o\q $T+ |eT><e] eq
s+J$ @\sT, &|*>&+, DT jesZ\ $d+>
|s{+#sT. d+<s+> bq+ $sT\q, &|*>&+
e< u~T\qT<+ e{&sT. @\sT eekjT es{ $T{

e< $TsT |&q >+& |]o*+ u~T\ e{&sT. \+

e\ nbsyTq qw+ #L]+<HsT. qc y]+# $wjT+ m+|\
*d kjT>+B \TkeTHsT. ~ ms\ q |+
qw+, d qw+| deT> n+#H\T sb+~+#\ n~sT\qT
<+qT *bsT. qw+ n+#H\ sVD>, u~T\ HjT+
#d $wjT+ ne\ e+& #s\T rdTy\ dw+>
<+#eTHsT. es<\ sD+> 43 eT+~ eT #+<&+ u<s
eTHsT. eTT\ T+u\qT n $<\ <T+{eT nHsT.
eT+ | dHsjTD, sY yDyVH deTs+>
#|{q #s\ e\ $|T qw+ |+< ysT rdTq | #=seqT
qT n_q+~dTqT *bsT. s+J$ y+ eT+ | dHs
jTD, +>dtn<&T qs|s+ myT =|* dTus
jTT&T, myT\T H>Xsse, *H, @m+d #sH >TsTH<
se, sY yDyVH, md syTXs&, z H>Xsse,
eTV +>dt n<s\T l\ ~sT\T bZHsT. bq+
>eT+ es< eTT+| u~T\ 20 \ _j, 5 s
sdHqT s+J$ n+<+#sT. ~ +&> s+J$ |jDdTq
dT >eT+ y& |jTdT+&> n&+> +<q k
+>dtH\T ymksY q>sY \ usTqT =\+#&+
$y<d<yT+~. ymksY d| ss\T s+J$ n& qT+
y[bj +<q ~>sT. B+ VosY q w n&
#sT ]usTqT @sT #jT&+ $y<+ d<TeTD+~.

.. .. !
Vd+ m+m+ {|t

V<su<, qe+sY 12 (m|m+mdt): +>dt b ><+|\T

#dT+TqT mm+m+ |{++~. sw+ sDYesY s&
H+ +>dt |uT+ nqTd]dTq eT $<H\qT
sdd eTT b eT<T |d+V]+#T+TqT m+m+
n<&T, V<su< m+| nd<TBH yd |{+#sT.
keTys+H&T b s\jT+ <sTd+ ]q b*{s
deyX+ yTs sjT+ rdTqT jTq #bsT. deyX+
nq+s+ $sT\ e{&sT. sw +>dt |uT+ bT
jTT|m-2 L& eT<T |d+V]dTqT |{+#sT. yTs
sw >essY qsd+VH, sw| |DueTTK\ |+beTHsT. ysT
q deTj { sH deyXyT |]dT \qT
$e]keTHsT. eTTd+\ | sDY dssY $e #|+<
<yTsT. eT b\ jTq =eTT dTHs
eT+&|&sT. nejTq eTTd+ jTTe\qT bdT X
y~dTH s $eT]+#sT. ymdtsY sXKss& eTsDq+s+
eTTd+\| sw y|+> |\T# <&T\T ]>jTHsT. eT
|TsD\T |]bjjTHsT. ]q d+|Tq\+{ d+|tT
|]ysY Vd+ q< nd<TBH s|+#sT. eT |TsD\qT,
eTTd+\| y~+|\qT n]{ \ eTTKeT+ sDY |\TksT
$| #dH #s\T rdT+{eT q VMT\qT jTq
$d]+#sHsT. sj\T rdT, ndeTs, $<H\
<\T q sDY dssY yK] sdd eTT |uT
eT<T |d+V]dTHeT #bsT. +>dt |uT+ <s\T |+
|<\qT V+dk+<, #s\qT sdd jTT|m |uT
L& eTT eT<T |d+V]+#T+THeT *bsT. sw+
#+ neT\e+<.. < n |+ #sT. sT rsT\qT L&
sDY dssY |{+#Te&+ <HsT. u>\ \jT+ e<

sD\T =qk>L&<, jT<< d =qk+#\ VsT

sT\T H.. sDY |uT+ neT\T #jT&+ <HsT. #]
&\ 100 MTs |]~ @ sD\T +& L&<q
+<qqT |{+#Te&+ <HsT. |sedT XK >T&q+ q
K, |]ysY q & u>\ \jT sD
=qk+#+<T sDY dssY edT |*+< jTq s|+#sT.
<=+>.. <=+> eT<T qT> eeVs+ +< nHsT.
sD n&TH+<T edTq eT b myT\T, jTTe\qT
nHjT+> nsdT #sTT+#s, y] dbqqT L&
*|ysTT+#s nd<TBH <yTsT. bdT \+ sDY
n~s+ #sTT+#\ #dTHs <yTsT. #\+ s
+>dt b sDY s|+ eTs |M qsd+Vse <=]&
nd<TBH m<y #XsT. @ sjT |]De\H eTT d<yTq
nHsT. m\T m<Ts=H+<TH d<yTq jTq dw+ #XsT.
+>dt |uT+ =qk>&+ eTT \b bwdTHeT
#bsT. eT b bqT sDY >eT+#&+ < jTq nHsT.
eT b\qT <s+> +#+<T eTT +>dt b eT<T
dTHeT jTq #bsT. {&|, _C| Vj+ eTTd+\T mH
+<T\qT m<Ts=Hs #bsT. q bT eTTd+ jTTe\|
mH <&T\T ]>jT #bsT. 2010, 2011, 2012\ L&
eTTd+\| <&T\T |]>jT $e]+#sT. dT\T sTT,
>j\bq eTTd+ jTTe\H bdT\T nsdT #d y~dTHs
#bsT. ymdt eTsDq+s+ 2010 ]q |TsD\ eTd<T\
bT eTTd+\ #+~q dT\T <+deTjjT, 60
<HjT, 120 eT+~ eTTd+\T >jT|&s #bsT. 2011
]q <&T 160 eT+~ eTTd+ jTTe\| 22 $Tq dT\T
qy<T #Xs, 2011, e], @| H\ L& sw+ |\T#

eTTd+\| <&T\T ]>jT, @&~ d+>s&, d~| b+

L& eTTd+\| <&T\T ]>jT $e]+#sT. d+|Tq\
yqT k +>dt HjT\ bT |]ysY L& |#d+<
jTq s|+#sT. eT| <&T\T sT|H eTsy|
nejTq eT esZ+ jTTe\qT <w\T> r]dTHs
jTq <yTsT. {e\ <T d+<s+qT L& ]q
d+|Tq\ eT esZ+ jTTe\H <w\T> r]+#s
#bsT. eTTd+\T n~+> ed+# eT b++ | sDY dssY
$e |<]dT+< jTq <yTsT. <T d+<s+ |]ysY
bV+ sDY dssY sw y|+> eTTd+\ #s\qT
n&THs jTq eT+&|&sT. u\ qT+ {~ sbjT\
$\Tyq |Xe\qT j \ sT kBq+ #dTHs,
y] qT |+> bqT d+|~+H m+{ kqTL\
d+<q bsTT+< jTq nHsT. + sT>TTH
$Tq+&by n eTTd+ jTTe\T qqT |dTHs
#bsT. + es eeTeTq sTD+ eTT +
|uT+ $T|+> =qk>&+ ns+ < nd<TBH #bsT.
n+<T eTT sw+qT, +<+qT +>dt b eT<T
|d+V]+#Ty* e+< *bsT. +>dt b nqTd]dTq
|C es $<H\qT m+&>f+<T qT sw+ esT eT\
b+ L& |s{kq #bsT. m\ bT\T, eT<T\T
$wjTyT |& e{&&+ deT+d+ <HsT. ymdtsY d|
eT<T ks nq |X m\ # deTjT+ q+<Tq
|X q+ <HsT. >HVHs& q $TT& dw+ #XsT.
sDYesYs& L& >+ $TT& yU +#sT. m+m+ b
H&T \ sjT+ rdTH+<T u{ neTq< \TdTq
b ss\T, H\T |< d+K <sTd+ e< #sTHsT.

2, $XK|+
=* \T>T ]q ~q|

<s\ { ]_]!
|+&> e+<+f #\T es{ ds\ <s\
s\T e#ksTT. keqT& \+> ybsT\T
k]> <s\qT |+#d keTT #dTy\
#dT+{sT. C> Bbe[ d+<s+> L& {
ybsT\T n< | #XsT. |+&> |P me>
neTT&jT eds ds\ <s\qT k]>
|+#d usq q&T+ _+#sT. _jT+,
||\T, qH\T, |+#<s e+{ ds\ <s\qT
<ds eTT+< |+#jT>, C> y{,
*bjT\ <s\qT L& |+#d |+&> q+<
V]+# |jT+ #XsT. s\T es{
umTq edTq * |+qT sT#> =Hd
HsT> eT ><eTT\ s*dTq ybsT\T \s
es\ <>Zs e#d] e+ |Hd T~
|<]dTHsT. sh y|+> eT =sqT
dwdTHsT. <+ m& #dH * <s
u>TZeT+~. |~ sE\ +< L& s.10
qT+ s.12 |*q HDyTq * |&T ne++
=+&+~. keTys+ V<su< sT CsH
k<sD s s.16 ed\T #XsT. Vs+>
es{ s.18 |\T+~. Bbe[ $j>+
me> +T+~ { <s eT]+ |]> neX+
+< ybsT #TTHsT. |uT+ D+
d+~+ s\T & ybsT\ ><eTT\|
<&T\T #jTb * sT eT]+ |]> |e<+
+< +<q eeTe+~. sh+ *
neds\qT |<q+> s\T, eTVsh Hd
esT rsTdTHsTT. eTVsh es\ e\ *
syD d\ n+sj\T @s&sTT. B
neX+> rdTq s\T * ybsT\T
|b #|+#&+ yTT<\T|{sT. s\T
50 y\ ms * k>T #dT+{sT.
&d+sY es s\T es{ u> ds
edT+~. d ybsT\T = n
\ ds|s #ksT. yTTq{ es\ =~b{
|+ qwbsTTH |< +<T\T e
#TTHsT. qe+sTH sp 70 y\ +{
ds s\T es{ jsT ek+~. sT\ qT+
ybsT\T sT #> dsTqT =HdTHsT.
s.3 qT+ s.5 es #*dTHsT. HeTe|
dsqT s.9 =+THsT. @sE =q ds sE
deT+> \ y[ * sT |s><T. nsTT,
& ybsT\T =q~ =qf ><eTT\
s*dTHsT. {e\ es\ e\ * |+
<+< n+<T# |+ s Z+<, Be sT
|]+< H q$T+# |jT+ #dTHsT. es\
sD+> eTVsh ybsT\T +<|<X *
syDqT *|d k | n+> |ue+
#| \+ TbqT |sT #| * ybsT\T |~
sE\T> s\T ><eTT\ qT+ ds jT
rjT&+ <T. eTs| s\T es{ sT\T
q dsqT =Hd ><eTT\ s*dTHsT.
eTVsh |]d dsTufH L& n& qT+
* \T s+& n&T+THsT. |*+>
ys+ sE\T> Vs+> es{ * \\T
ZbjsTT. <+ * sT ne++ |]>sTT.
s\T bT sh+ |\T b+\
><eTT |<mTq * \\T HjT
de#s+. $qT mHbsTyT+{ n~sT\T
<&T\T #d |< mTq neT \\T jT|&
neX+ +~. $qT n~sT\ s+ L&
nqTeH\ $k+~. eTs| u\+ sT L&
X > +~. ybsT\ ejC\+
sh+ u\+ sT L& |<mTq |]+~. ys+
sE\ +< J u\+ s.40 qT+ s.45 +f
|&~ J s.55 qT+ s.60 |] bsTT+~.
sT eT]+ |]> neX+ +< n+THsT
\s ybsT\T. nq|* qT+ \\T es{
sbe&+ e\ B <s |]+< #TTHsT. e+
qH\ <s\T >]w+> |]>sTT. >+ sT
s.70 qT+ s.85 sbjT\ eT< \_+q
HDyTq qH |&T s.100 qT+ s.168 eT<
<=sT+~. ||\ |]d #b*q nedsyT <T.

eT+>ys+, qe+sY 13, 2012

$we #+H eTV\...!

(yTT<{ |J sTysTT)
|]d >eT+q l eTV$we <y+<T C y*+
< l eTV\ ds|+> \ |P+#eT dk&T. <
|#+~q \<$ nqT>V+ ] ~|, ds
d+|<\qT b+<& |sD\T #TTHsTT. deTjT+ l
eTV$we #+H +& eTV\<$ +<T&T |+#&T.
* e e\+ lV] e<H +&+ HjTe? u\qT
sTD+#y? n+{&T. B e de<q$Td.. ~|r..
qqT sD X~> s~+# u\ y] y] n;c\
nqT>TD+> eTVsT\ y\ s|+>, $j sy]
$jT\>, $<sT\T qqT s~d $<\>, Xs ]
s~+#y] <q\>, y] deTd ]\T Hsys es\<$>
|dqTsq de<q$T+~. n+<T# Bbe[ sEq
eTV\ |P+#y] dsd+|<\T #LsTjT $Xd+.
qs #Ts...
XjTT VQ #Ts qs #Ts > |d~ b+~+~.
qsdTsT&T H sdT&T #\s k<T H\qT |&d <e, eTs
\ d+u *dT+{&T. jTT>+ VsD
e~+q esVk$T , u<$ ndTs d+< deTjT+
k&T qs&T. n&T +&H eTV$we e~+#s<,
*jTq q #H eTsD+# es+ b+<TT+~ u<$.
eTV$we <|sjTT>+ lw u>yqT> ne]+q|&T
u<$ dueT > dT+~. n|{ qsdTsT&T +&
#dTq n<s\qT n]& due dyT+> s*
y&T lw&T. y] eT<]q ;s d+>eT+ u<$ n+X
nsTTq dueT Xs|\ eTsDk&T qs&T. q |T
|sH \\+ * +& #jTeT dueT b]+#&+
sE qs #Ts> |\Te&TT+< es+ |k~k&T lw&T.
qs #sqT+& k<TqT\T, |<VsTy\eT+~ sq\T
$&|+#&sT, <s+ dT|wyT+~. qsdTsT |& $s>&+<q
d+w+ eTsTd{ sE |\T d+s\T sT|+{sT.
d+s\T sT|H sE neTyd e&+, N{ bs<\T
|\ Bb\ sD\T y*+, uDd+# * y&T
#dTHsT. \eT+ n< Bbe[ |s~q+> e]+~.
Bbe[...
Bbe[ n+f Bbe+. sE B| \ q sD\ neyd
NqT b\<* >TqT Ce++ #dT+~. y dsXu\T,
d+|<\T |k~+# \<$ |P+#&+ nH~> edTq
k+|<jT+. ~y\ |+&T> Bbe[H&T \<$ |P+#&
sD+ Xk\ +~ $<+> #|&+~.
\s >+> Bbe[ <edY!
n\ |]Vss+ u+> $BjT!
Bbe[H&T qH (eTTK+> qTe\qH) \<$, q<T\T,
ue\T, #sTe\T yTT<q { eqsT\ >+><$ d s|+
+& e+{sT. qT sE qTe\ qH \+T ds<
j eTT+<T H\T>T |T&jT\T nsTD<jT \+ nu+>q
kq+ |+& #j*. #jTT&+ e\ <]<+ =\>T
T+~, >+>qB kq |\+ \_dT+~, qs ujT+ +&<H~
|sD\T #|THsTT. neydH&T dsZdTq |sT\ sD+

$&e&+ $~ qT Bbe[H&T u+>q kq+ sTy |sTw\T

\sD+ #ksT. jTejT sj$T, sj$T sj$T
n+ eT&TksT <d{ sT $&|&+ e\ |<e\T
d+Tw#+~ os~ksT. d\T nu+>q kHq+s+ = \T
T +& eTT+<T s+>Ts+>T\ eTT>TZ\T r] >Te\ |dT|
, +eT\T sd e$T& sD\T { kjT++ \|P
dHV\T #dT=+{sT. ssq sTsyTq uu>\
Hy< |+&e+\T d<+ #jT&+, eT{ |$T<\ qTe\
qH bd |PC>V+, +{ jT B| sD\T neTs&+,

s+ m& V&e&, q+<V\T y*$sTk+{sTT.

d+`e+`dT+<s+...
|+#u\ |<qyTq~ n. n bD{ eTqT>&
|]+# dTqT, Vs V+>qT, $Cq <s>]eTqT
<+>qT |k~dT+~. Bb\ y*+| <s eT&T
s+>T\T |<q+> eTq >#seTesTT. \eTT, |dT|, \T|`
eT&T s+>T\T eqe eTqT>& neXyTq
dsdy>TD\ dyTq+> sT\T #TT+{sT. eT&T
s+>T\qT > b*+# \, dsd, <TsZ\T> u$ksT
bsD\T. n+ d+`e+`dT+<s+ ` n$ B| |\q
<s >H\qT s~+qTqT, eqe\ $Cq+, $y+,
$qj\ d+eT d+<X+> >=+{sT usrjTT\T.
n+<$Td+# <DjTqyTe#
sjTD k Csq+ |Xd
n+< eTeTH~ qs+, <DjTq b|\+ qT+&
|+#T= ]+#& sjTD |D\+ C <q+
#jTT yeTyTq s+> u$ksT V+<e\T. XjTT
ed+ e# VQ #Ts , neyd \T |seT |$
|s~H\T. u $Xk\ , q+<V\ <XeT+{ |\\,
|<\ n+<s \d sT|H |+&T> sE*$.
~T ~T Bbe[... eT e# H>T\#$...
n+ q |\\+ >>THs \ q q >T& eTT* {
y*+ ~w rjT& eTq+ d+|<jT+ > = b+\
#d+{+. kjT++ |<w deTjT+ Bb\T y*+,
eTT+<T> |\\T <D ~X> \& B|+ y*+#& <q+
n+{sT. B|+ |<e\ <] #|T+< Xk\T
#TTHsTT. B|+ y*+q sTy &T
+{|\ e r| |<s+ +{sT. nT sTy
|PC>V+ qTe\qH |$T<\T y*+ B|\
qeTd]+ \X+| \<$ nyVq #d $~$<q+> |PksT.
|PCq+s+ n+<s V+> uDd+# \&
d+d<TsT. #TT&T, $w#\T, u#\T, eTT\T,
s|y=T\T, $TsT$TT>=\T|T+f eTs |
deTbjT\ &eT&eT <qT\ y>TT+{sTT |]ds\.
$<+> uDd+# \& |jq+ #|&+~
|sD\, y\T>T, Xs+>\ <]< <T:U\T <s+>
]$T yjTT& \{+ d~dT+<, n+ esTTTe
@s&q eTe\ |Te# $T \T uDd+# b>\
qksTT. ndTs HXH, <s |c|q >TsT> neydH&T
sT|H Bbe[ |+&T>H&T \<$ |r> y\T>T\T
$syT B|\ |P+#&+ dsXu\T |k~dT+~. Bbe[
#T nHH <\T HsTT. lw&T dueT dVs+
qsdTsTD e~+#&T >qT |\T q+<+ eTsTH&T Bbe[
d+s+ #dT+{s <. + <L& +~. \+
seDT d+V]+ , seTT&T ddyT+> nj< ]
eq|&T |\T q+<+ |+&T> sT|Hs #TsT.
s~ysT eTTK+> ybsT\T Bbe[ sEqT = d+es+
> b{ksT. sE \<$ |P#d = U |d\T sTksT.
Bbe[ |+&T>+{y ||+#+ n deCq HsTT.

+>dt <& |{+q nd<TBH

m+m+ sjT+ +>dt b K+>T+~. sjT+ }V++<
nsTTq|{ m+m+qT T+#+<T | eT+H\T sT|
TH sDY dssY yK] sdd eT<T |d+V]+#T+T
HeT |{+#&+ jTq| eT]+ & |]+~. sw
nd+; eTdt 7, 2 myT\T, m+| q $wjT+ *d+
<. keTys+H&T dm+ +| s\jT+ |dd n<&T
u dHsjTD, djTsY H w;sY n bT eT+T\T
eTTUwt>&, <q+ H>+<sY, |.$Xs|t, q]+V+ bT
m+| +&e* nsTDesY, sdUH e+{ H\T u{ nj
sT. m+m+ re sjT+ rdTuTq<, |<y |+<T
@ #s\T rdTy\q <| ysT #]+#sT. eTsy| m+|
UH m+m+ H nd<TBH bqT <s #s\T ]bsT.
nd<TBH e< djTsY H w;sY n eT<e]> |+| jTqT
T+#+<T |jT+#\ ssTT+#sT. ~ sT>TT+&>
eTsy| m+m+ s\jT+ b b*{s deyXyT+~.
mksT eTTd+\| <&T\qT b\ |uT $| #dH
|&#$q |&+| b*{s >V+ e+ #d+~. eTTd+
jTTe\qT y~dTHs, + sT>TTH eTq+> +&
n+ edTq |X\qT m m<Ts=+{eT b*{s
reyTq #s ]+~. eTTd+ #s\qT |]ysY bV+
|uT+ n&T+{+< deyX+ n_bjT|&+~. sw+,
<X+ m& @ rey< |Tq ]H < bd
jTTe\H sD+> #| y~+|\ >T] #dTHs
HjT\ eT< #s ]qT de#s+. {e\ \+ _C|,

d+|tT |]ysY sw +>dt dssY *d eTTd+\| <&T\qT

=qkdTHs n_bjT|&+~. d+>s&, s\T, <,
d~|, ~s b+ eTTd+\| ]q <&T\T deyX+
|keq e#sTT. |Tq\ yqT |]ysY bT k +>dt
H\ Vd+ L& +< deyX+ sj e+~. + sT>T
TH.. + eTq+> +f b |e<+ @s& |]d
+< deyX+ +<q eyT+~. b, ss\qT s+#T
H+<T ]qyTq sjT+ rdT |< b*{s
deyX+ n_bjT|&+~. < deTjT+ +>dt b nqTd]
dTq |C es $<H\ e\ sT|<q eTTd+\T re+>
qwbTHs deyX+ >T]++~. >dt d*+&s d_&| |]$T
T\T $~+#&+, eds edTe\ <s\T |+#&+, ~s
#s\T |<\qT eT]+ +>BdTHjT +>dt eT<T |d+
V]+#TH+<T < dsq deTjTeT n_bjT|&+~. sw+
H\=q sjT n |]dT\ H|<+ +>dt b eT]+
>+<s>+ |&+~. m+m+ eT<T |d+VsD Xdqdu
\| #s =qk>T+~. Xdqdu 294 kH\ >qT
k<sD yTC]{ 148 eT+~ duT\ \+ neds+. +>dt b
q 155 eT+~ bT +&|+&+{ eT<T dTHsT.
nsTT u_*, @\sT, +\|P& myT\T b sJHe
#XsT. M] sJHe\T y~d.. +>dt \+.. 153 neT+~.
nsTTq|{ |uT ndseyTq eT<T qf. ymdtsYd|
q 16eT+~ myT\T.. |uT es+> n$Xd rsq+
deTjT+ zT ydH.. m+{ & +&< +>dt esZ\T

#TTHsTT. nsTT |]d m<Tseu<q Be +>dt

b +~. |dT+ q \T HsTT. +>dt - 153,
{&| 86, {sYmdt 17, H>+ Hsqs&-+&|+&+{, eTdt 7,
d|-4, _C| 3, d|m+ 1, d 1 kH\T HsTT.

|s Tq ed <TD\T

bdT\ $j\T CsT> k>TTHsTT. Vd, ]f <TD

\T &TTHsTT. >&~ +f 20X+ yTs n~+> |\T
Tq|{ =qT> Xq+>H =qk>TTH jT |\TesT
ybsT\T n+THsT. Bbe[ d+<s+> |P\ <s\T +q+{
sTT. Xys+ es q <s ~ys+ H{ sTes+~. <s
eT&++~. nsTT \<$ |P #jT&+ qysTTr e&+
nedsyTq yTs =qT>\T #d d]|T+ THsT. n>
ns{|+& <s\T L& +q+{sTT. Xys+ es e~]
dE q ns{|+&T &qT 25 sbjT\T +&> ~ys+
eT<V+ qT+ 50 sbjT\T |\T+~. n> d{V+\T
d+<&> essTT. Hs]+# ss\ dT =qT>\T <sT\qT
T+THsTT. eeT\T sE b\ #dq dT 300
sbjT\T |\TT+&>.. <qsdt, Bbe[ |+&T>\ d+<s+>
500 sbjT\ yTs |\T+~. dw dT nsTT 800
qT+ 2y\ sbjT\ es <s |\TTqT =+<s+THsT.
bdT\ =qT> Xq+...
eT&T H\T>T sE\ qT+ + q>s bdT\ $j\T
}|+<THsTT. eTTK+> bdT\ $j +< _+<Tyq
u>+CsY, |UH b+ Vd <TD\T &T

THsTT. u>+CsY, |UH, d~n+sYCsY, kH>+C b+

<TD\T d+<& d+<&> HsTT. LqT usT\TB]
HsT. n> d+<u<, eT*, csTT>&, eTC],
d|eT+&, |, n+sY| #sk, +CsV, eT\|,
V<sYq>sY, L{|*, p;V, +CsV, nMTsY|, yTVB
|+, syT|TsY, +>sYVC, >+&, X+cu<, wsYu>,
_&, ], dTHCsY, >Hb+&, >*>& ~s b+
]f kqT @sT #XsT. >+ ]q |e<\qT <w
|T bdT XK C #dq +<q\ |s+ + q>s
U d, \ yT<q+, |+H V bdT\ ]f $jT
+<\T ~ys+ qT+ bs+ueTjsTT. Vd es{
nsTTq u>+CsY, |UH b+ X+ |sY esY k e+
keTys+ <jT+ qT+# &TTHsTT. X+s, e
X+ +d, s+>T\T yT sT e+{ y{ <sD |sT>T
+~. \u+T\T, V&H u+T\T, <+&sY T |sY,
~s bdT\T d+ u> =qT>\T neTqT |\TesT
ybsT\T n+THsT. >H s, ^Hk @]jT e,
]+> ]+> sdt, > dsY ~s s\T d+ T+
THsTT. e+< sbjT\ |tb\T L& n+<TuT +#sT.

b|tsY |esY b{, u #\T, |, eTV\T me> w|&

|P#&\T, yH\ r>\T, Tb\T me> neTT&TbTHjT
ybsT\T *bsT. \ >Dwt |eT\T, Bb\ \qT,
<=+T\qT L& u>H =qT>\T #dTHs *bsT.
s{+|sTTq |P\T, |+&T <s\T...
>ceTV, H+|*, sH, C+u>, ~s b+ |$T<\T,
$<TY Bb\T, d$Tj\T, |{\T, >TeT&jT\T, |P\
$j\T CsT> k>TTHsTT. >ceTV jesZ |]~
d~n+sY CsY, u>+CsY, H+|*, _&, dTHCsY, s+{,
|ru*, ] <s b+ $j\T #|{sT. eT|*,
yTVB|+, ds+u>, eku {+ ~s b+
ybs\T CsT> k>TTHsTT. sH jesZ+ |]~
\+>sYVdt, >+&, >T&eT|PsY, sH, j>& ~s
b+qT CsT> =qk>TTHsTT. |P\ <s\T #T\q+{sTT.
Xys+ es +|P\T 20 sbjT\T +&> ~ys+
eT<V+ qT+ keTys+ eT<V+ es 50 sbjT\
<s |*+~. #eT+ |P\T L& Xys+ kjT++ es 50
sbjT\T+&> ~ys+ eT<V+ qT+ keTys+ eT<V+
es 100 sbjT\ #sT+~. ns{|+&T 30 sbjT\ qT+

50 sbjT\ #sT+~. e~] dE >\ | 20 qT+

40, sTT\T &qT 30 qT+ 60 sbjT\ |]>sTT.
|H| 10 qT+ 20 sbjT\T> |\T+~. u>+CsY
osYVdt ss\ &Cq jsT #dq |t b{\ &
|P{ $sTTdTHsT. b{ sTeqT { 200 sbjT\
qT+ 1000 es <s |\T+~. s+&T sE\ qT+ u>H
=qT> k>TTHsTT. Bbe[, <qsdt d+<s+> ek\
<TD\T &TTHsTT. =qT>\T<sT\qT ]+#+<T
=+<sT ybsT\T ss\ |sT >T|dTHsT. ek\|
sDjTyTq |sT |{+#sT. Ns\T, &ysY, wO{+>, w]+>,
s&yT& <TdT\ &e+&T |]+~. { =qT>\T #d eTs={
+> n+~dTHsT. ysTT sbjT\T =qT>\T #d sT |..
~s |s =qT>\T<sT\qT TH+<T =+<sT
ybsT\T qsH\T |{dTHsT. <>T\T, ybsT\T,
$<sT\T | <s \_dTq <TdT\qT =qT>\T #d+<T
eTe #|THsT. >eT+ $+ $+ +T\ +&
|+&T> Bbe[. Bb eT]e+yTq #H esT>,
nDTeDTeP d]u]yT k qjTH\ eTT+<T ksyTq
|sV ds|+> u$+# |Tq d+d eTq~.

eT+>ys+, qe+sY 13, 2012

eTqdeT

$XK|+, 3

mes d+ Je\T sT!

|sTw&|& q ~qT \uT& |jTk&T. q
beTTKqT q$T b&T& jTk&T. q dV#]
deq n+^]+#&T. yT XjTT\| qeT+ qT q
~ |<]k&T. <{ e+T+<+f, s\+>
nDe+#&q esZ+, eTqT nDy >T]#dq esZ+
|T]+qT e+T+~. nD#& esZ+ q dV V*
n&T>TTq|&T, dV+> nDy<sT\T eT ~qT
b&T& Mq+> |jTksT. d+ n+ q
b~+|& >TD\qT yT *| e+#Ty\qTq+ \+
|sTw&yTqT n e+#& w #k&T. $we\j
#~+#&+ # w+. m+<T+f M]<sT L& @ \+ s+&T
b* bwdTHsT qT. yTqT n<T| e+# s+s
|jT+ nqT L& s+> |&T& neTH&T.
d++y&T. VsTT> e+&y&T. +<T mes d+
Je\T sT. d++ \ <sT e\ eT< n+^s+
<s&+ dT\Te? |TsD e\ y=]><$< y \TdT. nd\T
yTT+ eeVs+ d+w+ e& sD+ |sT*<s
]=sT dV]+#yT? n+f d*+ BqT\T> e+&&
|sTw*+ eT ~ b&T{ |jT+#&+. nsTTH

eT <s eT eT nks\ s+&y] +~d e+{sT. d

|sTw\T ]H=sT $<+> +~+#T+ e+&& sD+
y] n\ dueyT. |sTw&|& q d q &
#dTy\qT+{&T. yT q ~|, |sTw
#dT+{&T. nsTT += $<+> nq ud. +<T
nqT k~+# $jT+ d\ #|\+ $< <s|& e+T+~.
H|& eTTKyTq e>, yTH n~&> eqT u$k&T.
n q{k&T. yTL& n ~ n+^]dTqT q{d
e+T+~. d\+f e+& ujTyT y]| |L\ sD+.
d\>T]+ e{&&, y] |<e |{+#& #
deTj yk&T. d\qT $eTT+ #jT&+ <sH qT
$eTT b+<Tq \TdT&T. nqT ujT|& $wjT+ n<.
n+<T d\qT >T]+q u+ ueq\qT b&T e+{&T. ~
yTqT eTu |&yTq # eT+~ |sTw\ \TdT. d>
e+&&+ m+ <Ts<w+. $wjT+ \TdT+& e+&&yT
<Ts<w+ n+{&T sY >sY. #\+ \TdT+&
e+&&eTH <Ts<c <|+ ]+~. <VsD, d\
n~es+& >]jTqqT rdyXsT. y] <T\T s\qT
jT$T+#sT. s\ >]jTqT+& n~s\ #sT.
~L& d\ u< dyT! <>+ #jT+& +{ e+#+
L& yT dTKd+c\ dyTq! >VD+ $<, e+
$< m+ ue $yX y<s ~ <T. $<+>
yT d# d+\qT sTT, d+ nH |&T d+|<
k~++~. |H>+ |d< $ |sTw\q d\V
dweTT+~. #&+& jT n+{&T` yT eTVsD$
qTe n #T ud #&T #eT+~ |sTw\> d\T
# n<we+T\T n q$T+|pksT. < e+T+<+f,
nyT]H k+|T Xgy\T =+<sT eTesZ u\ >T]+
e{&qT, eT esZ\T nqTu$+# dTU\>T]+#qe. bH
L& +{ y<H T+~. ]\ J$+ q{+#
neds+ <!? | <X+q L& yTT<{qT+N e
n<we+T* #d yTsT>q J$+ >&|ysT s|&+ (Xs
syTq $wjTyTH) e+~, |T&<sT, e\db\\T, |sTc~
\T m|& n+<]H yTT|q e+&& #ksT.
|&T\ |&\T #d +|d{ q d\ |sTw\ <=]~
me. n+<T y d\T d#+<+>H Bq d
sT+THs d>TZ+& #TsT. nd\T yTT<{+N d\T
q&eq <], mTe+{ kVd #s\L sT>TuL ks+
~. yT D nTe+{~. yT *+&T\ dV jeY
deeT yT |e s<H, >eT e+{ >TD\qT

yuM]+ #TT+~. yT us > d+q+> M{q+>

b{+#sT. nBqH yT q+<+ eq< q$TksT.
yTT<{qT+N q u< qqT rdT+& |+, sT\+N
sD, X< +# #d+~ mesT? n+<T bV++~ mesT?
n+<T |sds +<s|D\T. qTe ndeTsTs*$, + <T
n nqT n #d+~ qTy n yT. mes eT u<
n+^]+#sT. q |H =qk+#T& |sTw&T ydTH
eTTdT>, q |]H ||#T { yT ydTH
eTTdT>! n{ s+s d+|TsD! q d<+|s+> \_+q
deq >T]+ yT e{&, |dT+ de+ H\=q
ndeq >T]+ nqT e{&&T. |#T&+ nH
$wj ns+ +& bT+~. q dsk n <sbXq
yT, q dsd+ yT n]+#q n&! sjT ]
Xg+ eTTK d d\T >TsT|Ty*. dsT\
$\Te =Hy] { ssTT+|&TT+~ > nyTy] {<T.
yT $\Te y\< #| yTqT yd+ #jT&+ ]+~.
C |sTw yT $H<+, $d+, &T,
neds+ es+. yT nqT ks, yT Jeq ks+.
ndeq y] Jeq $<q+H nseTT+~. qT @e+
|$T+# d J$++ u]+ bw+#*q |sTw&T qT
bsTTqT u$k&T. nsTT q J$H |D+> |{ n
|&q yTqT e~d yT bT+~. <Td e\ e\q
d+u$++~ <T, <s L& \|& eTs= X e\q
@s&q~. d\T |sq Je\ e eTs=] nT q+
es ysT eTs=] usyT. ysT eT JeX djT+> d+b~+
#T >\>*. d++> ||+# m<TsT eT eTT \uT
>\>*. n|& yT nBq ejTeTT+~. < bf |sTw
nBq L&? = |]d < $eTT* #dT+~. Te+{
= k$jT{ jTjTH y>q+ #d+~, yTT>|\\
deq+> n< yesD+ |], y] deq+> n<
yesD+, n< yq+ d\T |#ksT. d\ + d#,
<>+ #dTH d# e+{sTT. $yV+ <sT e\ eT<
dV &+& e+T+~. @ ] s+&y] *d J$+#&+
weT|+q|&T y] $&bjT V e+T+~. e+ d\
w+| <s|& e+T+~. T+ jT+D, >ske+ #<
eTsTT. $yV+<+ d+q+ deqyTq V\T
$yVs d+H L& e+{sTT. s+ d\ |dyq+s
d\e e&yT |\\ u< L& eVdT+~. nsTT #{\T
e]q+ eq d |sTw deq+ d~+qfH? =+eT+~
sXy<T\T d|& d n+{sT. d\T eT d

, |sTw\ e sdT\ e jses eT]=+<sT

y~ksT. d\T eT dV >TD\qT s! eqe de+
@B dVd<+ <T. d\T L& H>]_e~ eT+ jsT
&qys! yTqT eT\#&+ sT\ |yTjTyT eT\sD+.
d\T eT Vsq e\ dVC\ e\ d
b+<<T. d $eTT k~+#\+f yT yT ds |s#T
y*. d |sTw*<s ]H=sT d+ e\T> >T]+#*.
+<Te\q |sds dVs+, dV+ |sT>TT+~. n> +,
|eT, \\T, kVk\T, y{ y{ ns\qT e. n+,
eqe C d>q ud, <s de+
H\= eq <+< , s*+q|&T, eqe <+|T\
yTq sb eTq+ <]+#>\+. d{ nsTTq, dVyTq,
nedsyTq eqed++< eTq+ d |sTw d++<+ #&
e#T. esY #|qT, d |sTw d++<+ nH~ eTw eTw
e+& dV d++<+ y*. d |sTw\ eT< ku
k~+#*. nsy d+es\ +< ydq |d+ |&T
m+<T #<y\ n&>y] dyH n&> |X ku+qT
k~+#{ |{ d |sTw\T #dTq w @$T{? m+es
k~+#sT? H{ de+ d |sTw d++< eHsTT?

u\] eed... |]o\q

H&T us deC |{ |&dTq |<q deTd\ u\]

eed |<qyTq~. us<X k++ e 60 d+es\T
|P] edTH eTq de+ H{ u\] eed =qk>&+
<Ts<ws+. *<+&T\ |<]+, ssd y|, e
yH\ me | #sTT+#Te#Tq jeq <|& |]
be&+ u\ ] eed |& <V<+ #dTHsTT. H{ eTq
<X Hu 30 X+ eT+~ <]<sK ~>Teq qT nq~]
n+#H\T. s&> &=& nu>T\T u\ ]\T.
{#T\ HsT\T *<+&T\ ;<]+ sD+> T+u
]+> eT<Te&+ =s u\ ]\T> esTTHsT. eTq
de sq u\\T &T b&T d#> #<TeH
|]dT\T be&+, *<+&T\ |+|+ b\T, <|&, $e,
\ nDy, *+> nDy, #&T dV\T, nX, nH
sD\ e\q u\\T | eTqTw\T>, u\ HsdT\T>, ds
sT> es&, <|& >T]neT u\ ] \T> s|<\T
THsT. |<]+ e\q u\ ] eed, u\ ] eed e\q
ssd, ssd e\q |<]+ < <s+> eTs=
{ #+<yT |sT>TTq~. 1996 jTTd|t y~ |s=q d+>
|uT\T, |\T >T]+#Ty*. <X HsT\T m<Ts=+Tq
deTd e\+ u\] eed { eyT <T. u\]
eed u\+ $T*bTq~. B bT> M~ u\\ |]
u |q u\+ M<T\ s~dT+~. <Ts<weXT me] |{q
_& m @&+~ nqT> u\]\ +<q\qT |{+#TH
eTqdT deC sTy+~. \+, >eT+ n+{ $T+
<s+, \+q q >*|{\ J$dTHsT. |\\T
|#jT+ nq~ eTq+ H+> deT+# $wjT+. ysT $<
HsTy*, &Ty*. |\\T dHyTq eTsT|s
u >&b*. eTq<X+ u\ ]\T n~ d+K e+&&
|<q sD+ <]<+. de+ ke+>, ]+> yqT
& eq esZ\ |\\T u\ ]\T> esTTHsT. u\]\T
@ y|+ +&, s|q #q sjT+& J$
kdTHs+f y] XeTX, yT<d+|< e< neT+~. *<+&T\
|eqTs>\ <syT #<Te d+<\T , nHs> |]dT\
<X d+|<qT e~ #d T+u\ n+&> e+& u\\T @+
THs d ke eed nd\T ds|+ u<
sV+ VsZeTeT+~. 2003 d+es yT>dd nysT
>V #s X+dH nqT & +& u\\T m&TH
] eH $d s#q+ u\\ |]d dw+ #dT+~.
u\] eed` ds|+...
eekjT+, |Xe\T, yT\T, >=s\T jT&+, +{ |qT\T #jT&+,
, sks+T, <u\ sD ybs\T, y{sT
yT+, |, b>, eT |]XeT, >qT\T, nZ|f\ j,
uDd+# |]XeT, ;& |]XeT, s\qT b*wt #d+<T, |\\qT
jsT #jT&, s ={+#&+, dyT+{ j, sD |]XeT,
eT+<T>T+&T ke, \T jsT #d d+d\, n<\ s>
s+qT, s XKqT, z& se\qT, yN\, H |]XeTqT,
dT\ j |]XeT nH sb # s+>\ u\]
eed $d]++~. y] Xs, eqd s>\ VsyTq |]dT
u\]\T | #dTHsT. u\ u*\T s+<+> $$< XK\
|qT\ H&TTHsT. 14 d+es\| ejTdT * e+&
|#d y] u\ ]\T> >T]+#&+ ]+~. n+srjT
X$T s\jT+ | #sy] ejTdT $wjT+ y~+q
rsq+ |s+ 15 d+es\ ejTdT +&q ysT eyT X$T
\T> |#jT& nsT\T. sd$T 1989e d+es+
u\\ V\ HqqT >T]+ 18 d+es\| e\+<]
u\\T> |]>D+#&+ sT>TT+~. H&T u\\T y] q+<
yTq, r| C|\ u nqTu$+#eTT+< u\ ] eed
y] d+|PsyTq u $$< s+>\ $T+yjT&+ sT>TT+~.
u\ ]\ >D+\T...
||+#+ |~ <X\ me> u\]\T |&s c\T

m<Ts=+THsT. |~ <X\ C_ d&H, >+&, +>

<X\T yTT<{ kH\qT $T+HsTT. n> us<X+ u\
]\ d+K me>H e+~. u\ ] eed us<X+ 6
e kq+ e+~. eTq <X+ 2001 e d+es+ sV+q
Hu \ |s+ 6 qT+& 14 d+es\ ejTdT * e+&
u\ ]\T> |#dTq M] d+K 12.6 $T*jTqT. u*jT+
<X+ <X Hu +f eTq <X+ u\ ]\ d+K n~+.
eTq <X+ u\ ]\ d>+ +f me eT+~ nq> <<|
6.7 $T*jTq u\]\T s|<X, +<|<X, skH,
eT<|<X, ;VsY sc\ HsT. +<|<X sh+ 4.23 \\
eT+~ u\ ]\T qT |uT+ pH, 2005 |{++~.
nsTT d+K s{+| u\ ]\T eTq sh+ qT
nq~] >D+\T ddTHsTT. s u\\ ~
(jTTd|t) |s+ ||+#+ 24.60 T eT+~ u\]\T
HsT. 1999 d+es+ jTTd|t \ |s+ eTq <X+ 4.40
eT+~ u\]\THsT. u\ ]\T <XeT+ <T!
||+#+ | d+es+ | d++<yTq |e< 22 y\ eT+~
u\ ]\T <TssD+ #+<TTHsT. u\ ]\T nd+|T{
s+>+ n~ d+K HsT. u\ ] me eT+~
ssdT. +<|<X sh+ u\ ]\ d+K d++~+
H{ es deT> ds sV+q <K\T e. eTq<X+
|#d u\]\ d+K 14 \\ |> e+T+~. +<|<X
sh s< q>syTq V<su<H |#d u\]\
d+K <<| 1.50 \\ es e+&e#Tq n+#H. >D+
$es\ |]d re n<+ |&TTHsTT. u\\ V\|
sd$T $<q+: s d$T sb+~+q u\\
V\ &+& |sD (1) |s+ 18 d+es\| q |
sT u\. 1959 qe+sT 29 q s d$T qs nd+;
u\\ V\| |q #d n+srjT eqeV\qT
n+s>+> >T]++~. 1979 d+es sd$T
n+srjT u\\ d+es+ > |{++~. | |\y&
J$+, n_e~ #+< VqT dV V> |+<+ |{++~.
n> u\\ s>, $< V\qT n eTTKyTq V\T>
>T]++~. 1989 sd$T u\\ V\|
n+srjT &+&qT sb+~++~. 1992 &d+sT 11 q
|+< us |uT+ y~++~. u\\ sD |q (1979)
u\ HsdT\ | b{+#e\dq sd$T |eD\T,
+<q\T ||+#+ n eT\qT eddTq |\\ C,
eT, esZ,*+> u<+ +& deqyTq sD, d+eT+ y\H
eqy[ +qT e+ #dTHsTT. y+{ =qk+|>H
1989 s d$T n+srjT u\\ V\ &+&
eTT+<T e+~. 1992 d+es+ s d$T y~+q
u\\ V\ |+<+ $<qT b+<+ u\\ V, $<qT
n+~+#&+ |uT\ u< n 28 |sD dw+>qT |s=+~.
$Xq eqe V\ |q(1948) eqe\+<]
d++~+q V\qT |]s+#&+ ]+~. B = +<q\T
|+> |\\T, y] $< d++~+q$. +<q 26 |
] $< V e+< |s=q&+ ]+~. u\\ V\ 6 e
+<q u\\ deT> eT]eT n_e~ y] |eT, nqTs>+,
d<e>Vq n+~+#&+ nedseT |s=q&yT+~. u\\ V\T`
us sC+> sD\T' HsT\ | deC Vs u<
q<q $wj us sC+>+ H= #|+~. sC+>+ 24
e ] |s+ 14 d+es\ | u\ u*\qT s>s\T,
>qT\T +{ |e<s |<X\ ]\T> jT$T+#s<T.
sC+>+ 45 n~sD+ 14 d+es\| u\ u*\
ks s+< $<eX\T *++~. |uT+
n~jTeTTqT esT#d 86 e sC+> desD |s+ 6`14
d+es\| u\\ s+< b<$T $<qT 21 (m) ]
|s+ b<$T V> es&+ ]+~. ] 23 |s+ y{
#], d, Xe\qT s+<+> neeqs |qT\ bV+#&+

w~+#&+ ]+~. 1975 d+es+ y{ #] s< #{

bsyT+T #d+~. eTq <X+ u\] eed s\q d+
|]XeT\ #+ 1881 , u\\ #+ 1933, u\\ <> \q #+
1938, s>s\ #+ 1948, b+fwH ] #+ 1951, >qT\
#+ 1952, y{sT syD ] #+ 1961, b #+ 1982
us sC+>+| #{\qT sb+~+#&+ ]+~. 1901 >qT\
#+, 1990 d+es+ sTy +<|<X, $TH&T sc\
u\] eed s\q =s $$< #{\T se&+ ]HsTT.
eTq sh+ eTs n&T>T eTT+<Td & y & &T (6`14)
ejTdTq |\\+ u\ ]q |{+#&+ eT+ |]DeT+.
+< |uT+ $<H\qT, #{\qT +<|<X |uT+ neT\T
#d $H 2020 &yT+{ u\\ $< V eTq+<] u<>
&d+sY 1999 |{++~. ] 15: eTV\T, u\\
d+e | #{\T #jTe#T. ] 23(1): u\\qT
neT&+, =q&+, _q #sTT+#&+, s+< #\T w~+.
|sD+ 30 (d): ejTdT |\\qT n|Vd+ +& #&\,
] neds+ eT ejTdT, X $T+q |qT eT>+ +
& #d u< |uT+| e+~. |sD+ 39 (m|t): u\\T d#
jTT, >se|< |]dT s>e++> |s>& q ne
X\T, ks\T *+, u eT|&q qT+, H, u
s\ qT+ |uT+ u\\qT s+#*. |sD+ 47: u\\
bwVs+, yTsT>q JeH, +<,sh |uT\T *+#*. u\
\ sD *d usrjT d .|.d. 361, .|.d 363`m,
.|.d 366, u\\ sD *++~. us |uT+ u\\ d+
= #|<q #{\T #d+~. y u\\ s>+, $< $w
j\ $$< sc\ _qyTq |]dT\T HsTT. = sc\T
]w ej|]$T es b<$T $<qT *dTHsTT.
us sC+>+ < d\ |k~+q s+< b<$T
$< $<q+ H{ neT\T <T. e, X d+eT+ |] |+>
eT+ XK q|{ |<> k~++~ @$T <T. |dT+
neT\T q u\] #+ 1986 qT nqTd]+ eTq<X+
u\] eedqT |P]> w~+#&+ s><T. d+es+ (2006)
>dT 1 e ~ qT+& |qT\qT u\]\ # #sTT+#s< us
|uT ] eT+XK <X\qT C #d+~. <X\
|s+ u\]\qT | #jT& jT$T+#Ts<T.
w<| sT\T 2006 nsY 10e ~ qT+& neT\T e#sTT.
u\] eed neT\T rsT...
u\]\ #{\qT \+|TdTq jeqT\qT +# jT++
>+ |{w+> <T. |uT+ #{\qT sb+~+#&+ es eT
u< r]bsTT+< eeV]dT+~. sjT |\T u\]
eed s\qqT XyTs w #jT&+ <T. jeqT\T u\
] #{\qT \+|TdTHsT. de+ u\\ | s+>
eeV]dT+~. |ks k<H\T |\ d]jTq ne>Vq
*+# bTHsTT. n~sT\T u\] #{\qT neT\T
|s&+ d]jTq X< q|s&+ <T. u\ ]\T #{ mH
d+d\T, b\T \+|TdTH |{+#TH jT++>+ deT+>
<T. ] d+|\T dV+ n+X |{+#Tbe&+ nH
jT+. |#jT& s+&T #T\THsTT, q& HsT+~ n
u\\T eT b yT +|+ T+u n<q| <j
deTL]|f <jTeqsT\T neTHsT. n+<yTq u
sTT, $< >+<\ <syT, |\ \|+ |e\dq #T\T
bs |\T>T |T+ sTyq |qT\T #d nHs>+,
*eT+\ ndVjT d |#dTq u\\qT @ #{\T
|]s+#bTHsTT. neT &, & #sbTHsTT.
|uT\T u\] #{\qT ]q+> neT\T#d u\]\
kss+ | se\T #|{, u\ ]\ |qsyk
| |<\qT sb+~+, y] $<, s>+ | | X<
eV+#*. n sjT |\T, d#+< d+d\T, |\T u\ ]
#{\qT #sD |& u\\ d>T\T yTsT>T|& neX+
e+~. u\ ] eedqT s*+#&+ k<eTeT+~.

u\]\ s\q d#q\T...

u\ ] eed w~+q+ eq, <q+< s<T <T. ~
u\\ deTd, ke sT>. HsT\T d+|T es
X\T> e] yTT+ deC deTd> esTTHsT. u\
]\qT de+ |dTq e jT<syT nsTTH HsT\
N{ T\ y\T>T sK\T +| |jT\T eT] de+,
|uT+, d#+< d+d\T u< eV+#*. u\\ V\ |]s
D @ ]q k~+#&<T. ~ n+<] u<> >T]+q|&
k<eTeT+~. ke |s+>, V\ |s+> u\\ n_e~
d+sD d+ q XdH\qT d$+ esT\T #jT&+. u\\
V\ |]sD d+ e*q eqsT\T &{ |b~+ neT\T
#jT&+. |\qT #q|]# \qT, se\qT bV+
#&+, |\\ eT+ |]s\T, edT\T q bsX\\qT n+<T
uT e+. u\\ V\ |]sD |sy\qT jT$T+
, \+|T+q y]| ]q #s\T rdTe&+. |uTs d+d\
de\qT bV+#&+, |ks e<e\ <s |\\qT #] >T]
#jT+ sjTqT, s *jTCj*. |uTs
d+d\ bV+ y*. e H|D, ] $wj, d+k
|syTq, d+~ edT |]s\ $wjT+ |uTs d+d\
#<&T y<&T> |uT+ bV+ *+#*. u\ X$T\
eT] |qsyd |<\T *+#*. y] $<qT, e H|D+
DqT n+<TuT rdTsy*. |\\ Xs, eqd, s>
\qT b&+ *<+&T\T q d u<> >T]+#&+. *<+
&T\T eT Jeq+ d+ |\\ J$ |D+> |be&+, *<+
&T\T |\\ <s b+< d\ <j +#+& e+&&+.
de+ |uT+ sV+# #q se\ bZ $jT
e++ #jT&+. |\T |uT+ sb+~+# #{\qT, $<H\qT,
>s$+, bV+#&+. |\T L& u>keTT\T e+
neX+. |\\ #] s\q |<q+> |sD de+
qT+# sy*. b<jTT\T bsX\ yesD sDjT+>
#d, & qy<T bV+#&+. b<jTT\T WVeTT>,
< u\\ deTd\ | de+ d+<q dT]+|#j*.
HsT\ +>sT u\qT ]+#T<+...
b\ #<Te VsTT> >&bjT neX\qT, ks\qT
u\u*\ *+#*. n|& u\] eed \Vq|&TT+~.
u\ ] eedqT $eTT #jT& |uT+, bs de+
u< eV+#*. XeT eTde&q |d yTT>Z\ s
e#y*. s>+, $H<+, $Cq+ *q u\\ deC
eTq+ ]d, s|~ >=| de+> sb+s+ #+<TT+~. u\\
d#qT u\\<+. u\\ ks\qT u\\<+. u\\
V\ sD *<+. u\ ] eedqT s*<+. |Xe\
eT+<\qT b&q { #T eqe deC b&>\s
s|<+. |H<T\T k<\T |L*bsTT. |H<T\qT
$d]+ >* ]+#Tq n+<yTq ueH\T ~\yTbsTT.
de sD d+ e]dT+~. de sD |H~
u\\T. u\\T +>sT +T\ $\d*q|& de+ y\T>T
|P\T |PsTTdT+~. |\\ | ||+#+ #|+# |eqTs>\T,
$Xk\ $T+q |$ n+X+ eTs={ <T. |\\ V\qT
|]sd, V\qT >s$d, y] d+e sd |\\
J$\T ujTeTq~ msT>, =sq~ *jT X+jTT+>
m~>+<T s]+# sy $T+q se+ eTs={ <T |
nqH (sd$T d qs) +< |uT+ {e\
\+ n_e~ |*\T n+<] n+<\q d+\+ n&T>T\T
yk+~. u\] eed # |]~ eT]+ $d |sTd, u\
] #{\T \+> neT\jT+<T |uT+ w #j*.
eqe $\Te\ eTT&|&q #{\ $wjT+ de+ dVs+
n+~+#< \\qT k~+#&+ k<eTjT $wjT+ <T.
de+, |uT dVs\ u\\ u$ J$\ y\T>T
+T\qT $d]+| #jT& q&T+ _+ u\] eedqT
s*<+. H] u$ +>sT u\T y<+.

4, $XK|+

n+]dTq #eT\T
|sT>TTq >MTD sT<>+
#eT\ edTe\ es{ sTe
|{+#T sw |uT+

(|.{.HjTT&T, $XK|+)
>e <X |T=eT\T n n\H&T >+B *bsT.
n+{ >e >+ \eT\T, #eT\T n~+>
+& >e\T ke\+q+> +&$. |\ |j>|&
n edTe\T & \ #eT\ <s jse jT{
b+\ MT< <s|&+& ke\+q kd +&$.
H&T n+{ |]dT\T >e +#&+ <T. B sD+
>+ b#Ts+ q \eT\T |&T >e n+]
dT+&yT. >+ >e\ eT], eT], e&+, +d*,
#H, +&, <, #ss ~s 124 \ eT]jTT #eT\
|]XeT\T +&$. H&T {s |]XeT jsq
edTe\ s, es{ ~s ks\T be&+ e\q $
yTD qd qTeTsT>eTHsTT. B+ bT $<X
|]XeT jsq edTe\ b{ |& yTD #
eT\T & |&sTT. B+ #eT\ eT Jeq+ kdT
q >MTD T+u\T s&Tq|& sT<>T\T> $T* bT
HsT. >+ #eT\T, {s |]XeT\T =qk>TTq
sE >MTD T+u\T eT]jTT T+ duT\T
|]XeT |#d =+ <jT+ |T&+#ysT. H&T
eT\T n+]dT+&+ >e |qT\T ys |qT\T
#jT sT<>+ =T$T{&TTHsT. >+ >e
#eT\T $]$> +&$. yd$ |\ #\ {
n+~+#& eT]eysT +&\qT jsT #dysT.
>+ n >e \eT\ysT +&ysT. H&T
|C\T ~s $< edTe\T se&+ +&\T =H ~
be&+ eT]e |P]> q+bsTT+~. n< $<+>
+d*, eT], e&+, yT<] ~s eT\T L& eT edTe
\qT =H ~be&+ $ L& qTeTsT>T neTHsTT.
+&, eT+>* eT\ ysT L& dsq b<+ be&+
n$ =+yTs n+]dTHsTT. >+ <\T |\ |j>
|& <TdT\T jsT #dysT. H&T s&yT& <TdT\|
yE |s>&+ eysT L& #e, nq
#+<q eH =qk>TTHsT. >+ b<s\T L&
k+> jsT #dysT. H&T |< |]XeT jsq
b<s\ e\q b{ |& |]XeT L& qTeTsT>+~.
\eT\qT |{+#T |uT+...
>e\ >+ yue+> yT*q \, # eT\ n_e~
sw |uT+ |{+#Te&+ <T. eTq<X+ eT]jTT eTq
sw+ $<o edTe\T es{ #jT&T eTq{s
|]XeT jsq edTe\ s be&+ $<o edTe\
es{qT s~+#*q |uT\T eT sqT
#dTHsTT. eTqC| eTV>+B q\T ek\qT
<]+ d<X |]XeT\qT bV+#sT. H&T +< sw
|uT\T #H, bH, nyT] <X\ #+~q $<
edTe\qT bVd y{ yE d<o |]XeT\qT s+
#dTHsTT. eTq<X+ >TsY, eTVsw, $TH&T ~s
sw |uT\T \eT\T, # eT\qT bVd &
jsq edTe\ es{ ks+ *d y{ XK
+< |]>D+ y{ n_e~ bT|&TTHsTT. >+ @&T
X+ q |]XeT\T H&T sc 14 X #sTHsTT.
eTq sw+ \ #eT\ #jT m+{ #s\T
#|&+ <T. eTq sw |uT+ eT]jTT sw sjT
b\T sT\qT <T+{eT y>H\T #dT+{sT #
\eT\qT <T+{eT |{+# b |+# be&+
>eTHs+. sw |uT+ \ eT\ >=|H >T]+
eT\qT Vd> >T]+ u+ sTD\T jsq
edTe\ es{ ks+, \ eT\ y] >V ks+,
sT\ $<TY qT \eT\ y]
$<TY ks+ *+ bV+qsTT \eT\T
n_e~ #+~ >e sT<>+ n+]+ >MTD jTTe
n_e~ #+< neX+ +~. n< $<+> \eT\qT
XK +< eT\ <s jsq edTe\ y{qT
$TqVsTT+| *+qsTT >+ e \ eT\T n_e~
k~+ ] >e\T ke\+q ~X> |jTksTT. {
+< sw |uT\T \eT\ y] q bV
n+~+ y] n ks\T *+ <T+{jT <+.

eTqdeT

eT+>ys+, qe+sY 13, 2012

]H =s&q sD
(*y& s$esY, $XK|+)
]q d+e w#dTHeT+ |C|<T\T, |uT |<\T
m+ >=+T\T +#T+TH, yde |]dT\T e+ n+<T
_q+> |dTHsTT. nejT ~ydT\ d+ d+ +#
ysT L& qsbT+&&+ X#jT+. sT qTeT |yTq
u{qT y+<Tq E\qT s<T #j\+ +< ]q
eeVs\ XK eT+ y XsY#+<<y {e\ sh |uT
<X*#sT. +<, sdt`Ue, ~s |sTTyT +|\
sh yT+> s=swH |+<\T #dT+~. u{ e\ e\
~ydT\ eTqT>&, |sesD |e<+ +< es
e+~. ~ydT\ sC+>< V\qT, #{\qT, Jy\qT
|uTyT T+>=+~. < w& b++ 1/70, |k,
]q d\V eT+&*, ~s n+X\qT |sy+# |<~> sh
>essY eeV]+#* q|{ $<+> s><T. >essY q
$#D~s\qT |j+ ]qT\ |b> +&*.
>&q 60 @ @ >ess n eeV]+#<T. {e\
+<|<X ]qT\ re nHjT+ sT>TTH >essY |
b eVdTHsT. eTTK+> $XK @C u{, s{
nqTeTT\T, $jTq>s+, l+ @C @qT>T\ CH
{sTT+|, u<#\+, b\es+ ]q b+ \~ eT+~
]qT\T b\es+ bC eTT+|q >T]e&+, lX\+, sY
nM b+ nujsD\ |sT ]qT\qT ]yTjT&+,
~s n+X\| >essY q $#D~s\qT |j+# |]d
<T. H|<+H d|m+ b*{s duT\T +<sY $XK
@C u{ b++ |s{+q|&T +<|<X >essY
bdtyTH eeV]dTHs #bsT. y<qqT \|sTd
XsY#+<<y L& >essY eeVs X*| re nd+| e+
#XsT. _{wt ysT w& b+\T> @C b+\H m+<T
|{+#sT? <e w& n+f @$T{? sC+>+ |s+
]qT\ q V\T, #{\T @$T{? 244(1) n~sD+
|s+ w& b+ >essT \+ m+<Te\? >ess rsT|
CrjTksTT #s s>? Te+{ nH n+X\T eTq ns+
y\+f > |]o*+#*. <Xy|+> ]q b+ <|&
re+> +&~. n&$ $< V d+, y{# qT+ $eTT
d+ nH sT>TuT ]>sTT. us<X+ k++ d+
=\T bs&+~ ~ydT. 1778 _{wt |uT+| #{H>|PsY
b++ sT>TuT yTT<{~> #|e#T. dTBs k+<
e ]qT\ bqT #]sT\T s+ #XsT. d+ sT>T
uT, _s eTT+& sT>TuT, sT>TuT ]>sTT. Xq
sc ]qT\T d#qT sTHysT. djT+b\q y\
bs&sT. H> sT>TuT, $TC sT>TuT ]>sTT. eTVsh
><e] |sTsY HjTq e ~yd bs+ ]+~.
~u< sY +<+> , +, $H V d+
=eTs+ ;yT <$T+#sT. $XK, sT><e] n\]
dseTsE, >++<=s, eT\T<=s, eT] eTjT, ~sT\T n&$
$< V ~ydT\ +&\, _{wtysT eTH e~*by\
bs&sT. u<#\+ jT\ sT>TuT <s+<\ #+<jT
H+ eV+#sT. $<+> nH # ~yd\ sT>TuT
|sT>TTq H|< _{wt |uT+ >eT++~. ~yd\
nd+| <] eT[+#& |<+ yd+~. ]qT\ |
b+\T {sTT+ y] |jH\qT b&\ m\ _{wt
|uT+ ssTT++~. \+H ]q b+\qT w&
\T> 1847 |{d _{wt |uT+ #+ +~.
us<X+ k+<eT+ $d]+q deTjT+ <eT
|ue+ ]qT\| |&+& nH C>\T rdT+~. us<X+
]qT\ >T]+ sesY $<+> |s=HsT. b]X$T
sD eT+ ]qT\T eT k+ ||+# b>=THs, =
||+#+ n+~+q |jH\qT ~ydT\T n+<Tbjs
$Xw+#sT. ~ydT\T |<ysT nsTTq|{ ysT eddTq
b+ | mH d+|<\qT b>T#d |{+~. nbsyTq nM
d+|<, s> K d+|<, \eqsT\T, $<TY bC\T, nM
|\kj\T, |s b+\T> b#Ts+ b+<sTT. d+|<
<X es|k<+ e+{~. n+<Td+ ~ydT\qT *|Xe\T>
es&+ ds+~<T. b]X$TsD, bC\T, yT+>, $<+ds
n_e~ |sT ~ydT\qT nM b+\ qT+ ]yTdTHsT.
]q b+\ b]X$TsD e\ ]qT\T \_ b+<Tsq~
uyTq *bsTT+~. ]q b+H |]XeT\T se&+ e\ y]
q b~ <=s<T d]< , y b>=THsT. ;VsY
yT<H, HsY, |+#{\T, &X eT+~s, e#YK+&, Vs&
e+{ $<TY bC\T, &X, eT<|<X, ;VsY ss,
<TsZ|PsY, _sT, s+N b\ e\ n~ d+K ]qT\T
sXjTT\jsT. n|{ \ |s+ 62,494 T+u\T
sXjTT\T >, e\+ 14,560 T+u\ |ejT b~

<=]+~. +|\ >qT\ $T+ {sTT+q u$T ]q

b+H q~. eTq sh+ 49 y\ ms\T, >y 46 y\
ms\T, #rdt>& 68 y\ ms\T, &X 46 y\ ms\T,
s 28 y\ ms\qT yT+> |sT kBq+ #dTHsT.
<Xy|+> K eqsT\ e\T ]> |<qyTq 50
\THsTT. sC+>+ |s=q 5e w& |]~ e#
b+ ~ydT\ sD +T+< u$d n>#T
|&+<T. <X Hu m$T~ X+ eT+~ ]qT\THsT. y]
sC+>|s+> = sD #s\T b+<T|ssT. sC+>+ 244
n~sD |s+ w& b+\qT |{+#sT. n+ $\Tyq
dV eqsT\Tq b+q|{ ]qT\T |<]+H HsT.
]q d+d, d+|<j\T, y] V\T, #{\ u+>+
\Z+& |uT\T eeV]+#*. >TsT, k>TsT, $<TY,
$<, y<+, s&T, syD, ~s d<Tbj\T ~ydT\ H{
n+< <>H HsTT. k+q+s+ 1950, qe] 26q
sC+>+ neT\T e+~. w& >\ C_qT 342
n~sD+ <s sh| |{ksT. sC+>+ >\ >T]+ dw+>
|s=qbe&+ e\ = >\T @C b++ nH~> H
]qT\T> |{+#&+ ny+s\T, njeTjT |]d
HsT. nTe+{ |]dT sh >essY d+|~+q sTy,
@<H >qT>, >\ deTV+> w& >\T> >T]+#e#T.
>\qT *|+<T, rdyd+<T bsyT+T ~s+ q~.
sC+>+ neT\T eq sTy ]qT\ n_e~, d+eT
u<\qT mq |uT\bT sh|, >ess <s @C
b\q kdTHsT. sC+>+ < d\ <s+> w&
>\ V\ sD >essY \b bwksT. C
sC+>+ <e w& |s+ ~ydT\ ueTT\| >\
V\ >essY >{ usk y*. sh| H{| #dq b+\T,
>\T eyT < w& |]~ eksTT. |s+>
+<|<X, #rdt>&, &X, eTVsh, >TsY, Cs+&, eT<|<X,
Ve#|<X, skH, ~s ]q b+\qT < w&
b+\T> H{| #XsT. j b+ >essT \b
bwksT. < w&T eT&T |<q n+X\qT >essT
|syksT. n$ >essY | Xdq n~s\T e&sTT.
sh| >essY y] y~qT m|{|&T deT]+#*. ]q
d\VeT+&* @s| eTTK b bw+#*. @C b+
n_e~, d+eT+, s |D[\T, bC\T, ~s\T
H\=\+f ]q d\VeT+&* sjT+ yTs k<eTeT+~.
w& b+q 1/70 ~]+ ]HsT\T ueTT\T
=qT>\T #jT+& u <sTT+| #+ neT\T, ]HsT\
<|& n]& e& jT+D #+ e+{ #s\T rdTHsT.
@C b+ ydT\ HjTkH\T n+<TuT sD+>
y] b+ syq n~sT $y<\qT |]w]+# neX+
*+#sT. w& b+ <>\T Jy eT&T |s+ k
]qT\ {sTT+#sT. {&m\ <s ~ydT\ deT> n_e~
d+ nedsyTq |D[\T sb+~+ <T\T KsT#j*.
w& b+ >e\qT =\+#\H, = >e\qT
w& b+ C_ #s\H sh| eyT n~s+
+T+~. nB sh >essYqT d+|~+q sTy eyT sjT+
rdTy*. j b+ X+jTT |]b\q n+~+#+<T
>ess | XdH~s\qT n|+#sT. <e w&
sc ]q XdqduT\T, ]q d+eTXK n~sT\ L&q
]q d\VeT+&* m|{|&T >essY d+|~+#* +~.
w& b+\ n_e~, sC+>< jTe\ <s
d+$T+q #{\qT, V\qT, Jz\ neT\TrsTqT |sydT+
&*. w& ]q b+\ @<H #{ e]+|Cd <
$TqVsTT+# V sh >essY +~. +<, sh |uT\T
#dq #{ >essY q $#D~s+ desD>, jT<$~>
> w& b+\ e]+|CjTe#T. ~ydT\ n_e~, y]
Jeq |eD\ d++~+ sh| >essT eT y] y~\T
deT]+#*. $<yTq w 60 @ d+ us<X+ @
>ess neT\T#jT<T. eTq sh+ =$T~ \ |]~
dTesT 805 ]q >e\T HHw& b+ HsTT.
1976 sC+> desD #d w& b++ $T*q
>e\ $es\qT |+b\ +<+ ]+~. +<|<X |uT+
dsq d+~+#<T. n< deTjT+ eTVsh, skH dsq
X< rdTHsTT. w& @]j> >T]+| b+<sTT. B|
>+ u<#\+ bsyT+T duT\T &sY $T&jT+ use
sh|, >essYqT |<|< ]H dsq d+<q s<T. |{H
+<|<X >essY q XdH~s\qT |j+ DyT 805
>e\qT <e w& \b*q eX +~. sh+ sE
sEL |sT>TTq #* re |\qT eDdT+~. |D b+\
+f >$D b+\ @&~ #* re eTT+<T>H +<q

>T]#k+~. > d+es+ b*d n+ w ksTT c>

qy<T e&+ \ysTCeTTq q+ jT se& +~
|&TTHsT. e sTTe\ e]+> y+> d+ e# q+
q>s+ <jT+ 4.30 >+\ qT+# |<q M<T\T &$.
|dT+ 6.30 <TTH s& sqTw+> +THsTT. y,
{\T _+#T +{ +TH #* u< |&+ < q+
ybTHsT. eTq b+\ |]d #b*q |H<T. +|*,
\+d+, b&sT, ns e+{ b+\ ]q+ #* ]
_seTHsT. <jT+ @&T >+\T <TTH ds< jT+
be&+ u\uqT qT*y# sD\ d+ q+ |]|dT
HsT. q>s+ = bsX\\T <jT+ 5.30 >+\ wH
dT\T bs+_ksTT. #* < |\\T sbTHs sV
\T #TTHsT. {e\ \+ m|& q+> #* u~dT+&
&+ qe+sY edyT +f qe] m +T+<
}V+#T+ eDbTHsT. <T|{ $< <T|{ |H
eDT >&+ <T. y#T\ eT< \ |T. eTT&T
|&Tq |\\T <jT+ <e& dd$Ts n+THsT.
kH u+ d> y&+ <T. m$T~ >+\T
neTH <jT uqT&T <sq$Te&+ <T. b>\T Tq
#jYT L& >TTq |*+~. e]+> y k..
y+> +|t ne+~. y |<qT+f dsT, eT|sT,
wO, >C d y*ek+~. k<sD+> >$D b+
nsTT #* eT+\T ydT #T+{sT. n< q>s\ nsTT
#* eT+\T ydTe& neX\T # e> +{sTT.
|>{ c>\T 28`30 &^\ d*jTdt > s c>
\T 14`16 &^\ d*jTdt qy<T neTHsTT. sujT sE
c>\T eT]+ |&bjT neXeTT+< yesD +<+
V#]dTq H|<+ #* |* $+uD }V+#T q+ |{
qT+# +<q #+<TTHsT. >* eT <jT+ |P 88`90
X+, eT<V+ |P 35`80 X+ +{+~. >jT >\T\T
>+ 5`8 $s y>+ MkjT yesD +<+ #T+~.
|{ #* reqT <w |T= dsT, eT|sT, u&wT,
jTsYu+&, yCH <s\T =+& LsTHsTT. &ys>
s sc\ qT+ L& dsT rdT= e neTT+THsT.
|&T s.200\ <=] dsT s+&T eT&T sE s{+|
<s |\&+ $Xw+. c>\T |&be&+ nHs> deTd\T
L& TjT y<T\+THsT. q C>\T rdTb
+<T\T |& |< ddTHsT. \ysTCeTTq q>s
eT+#T <T|{ |dT+&&+ yVH\ sb\ L&
n+sjTyTs&T+~. eT& V\T, T\ neT\|
]qT\ d# *+#&+, #+| $dksTT ne>Vq,
sd]+q sTTeTT\ |q'd $+#&+, ] <sUdT<sT\T
n|\T #dTH neX+, >$D b~ V$ |<+ e~]
sTTeTT\ $es\T m|{|&T n+s\+ b+<T|s#&+ e+{
n+X\| #+ dw =se&+~. B+ sc\ nM
jT++>\T n&T>&T>TH n&T >T\TTHsTT. >H\ 12q
n+X\| $esD d sh|uT\ ]q d+eTXK
esZ<s\qT |+|+~. n+X\ #< *+#& E
19q # desD eTTksTT< | n_bj\ dsD d+ |\
n+<TuT +#sT. nsTT ]q d+eTXK #dTq
|jT\ #+ neT\T ksTT |> sT>TT+<q X
]qT |+#&+<T. sC+>+ nsTT< n~sD ]q
b+\ b\q d++~+ >ess q $Xw n~s\qT
|{ @ >ess |j+#<T. ]q b+ neT\eTq
s$q, nM, bdT #{ b\ desD y{ d$+q
<K\T e. $<, y<+, syD e+{ eT* edT\qT
yTsT>T|s#&+ <s ]qT\ |> u\T yj*q dubH
<T\q |<] |{+#sT. ]q >eTdu\ $Xw n~s\qT
<K\T |s#*q |+#jTrsC $dsD #+` 1996 \
|]$TyT+~. ]q b+ u <sTT+| #{
n&T>&T>TH T|&sTT. ~ydT\ sC+>+ <s eq
V\qT d+sdH ke+>, ]+> y] |>u
|{+#+<T <+q deT> CrjT ]q n_e~ $<q+
nsTT< + eTTksTT< <XH bsTT+~. n kjTT
nH s\T> ]qT\T |uT\ yd|P] $<H\qT u]dH
HsT. M{+f nM V\ >T]+| #+| ysT me
X\T |THsT. <X+ yTT+ uu>+ 20.6X+ nM
b++ +~. n+<T s+&TX+ u$T| ]qT\ V\T
*+#&+ <s y] Jequ< *+#*. n|& ke
HjT+ neT\T #dqeT+~. ]qT\T |Tq qeT+ eeTT
L&<+f ~X> b\\T X~ jTT<b|~q #s\T
rdTy*. n+<T $sT<+> eeV]d ~yd b+
X+u<\T m|{ m+&ee\T>H $T>T\TsTT.

seT+&, ~u<, s\T, eT|+: sh+ $$< #

keTys+ ]q H\T>T yssT d+|Tq |~ eT+~ <TssD+
b\jsT. ~u< C|PsY eT+&\+ +<s+ #bdT
e< keTys+ ]q s&T |e<+ <sT <TssD+ #+<sT.
q d dTqT y>+> eq &=q&+ |e<+ d+u
$++~. d+|Tq d\+ <sT |jD\T eT #+<> 10
eT+~ re >j\jsTT. &esT _H sTbj&T.
>T\qT d$| dT| s*+#sT. >, |[ +<+ y
Tq {sY u |& <T>TsT eT #+~q |Tq s\T

y\T>&T eT+&\+ y\qsT #T#dT+~. eTT eTT>TZsT

eTV\T, <sT HsT\T HsT. |e<+ >jT|&q eTs 10
eT+~ $T+ d$| dT| s*+#sT. q+<\
y] keTV $yV y+&> |e<+ ]+~. eV<;
(35), sd; (30), s$TC (30), nT (12), nT dsY (3) nH
nsTT<T>TsT eTsD+qT bdT\T >T]+#sT. n< $<+> sT
><e] qsk|s+ e< ]q eTs s&T |e<+ njT|
u&=sT bD\T jsT. sT><e] sT=+&
eT+&\+ qsk|s+ e< nM XK yqT njT| u\qT &={+

~. |e<+ z njT| u&T n&& eT#+<&T.

|e<+ ]H yVq+ e+ >+& y[bsTT+~. B
sdd myT |+<T] y+fwt k\ \d <s #|{sT.
c usus\ eT< q \V\T y] bD\qT *
>=HsTT. c +T$T* eT+&\+ +#&+ >eT+ ~ys+
s T+\V\ H|<+ $yV d+V~ lC ] ydT
V b\&+~. d+|Tq ujTu+T&q yT us
]eTjTsE keTys+ <jT+ >e 10 $s <s+
q |&q |D+ |sT>T\ eT+<T V #dTH&T.

$XK|+, es+>: {e* \+ eT keesZ+ eTHuy

\qT < rd #T#dTq |]De\| uVD d+|\T
reksTT d+~+#sTT. nT es+>, T yC> q>s\
]q yssT udu\ uVDT\T <H s&, m eeTH H
uVD+ de\|, yVHuT T++| <yTsT.
>sy b&TH+<T eTT d+ <H s& n
es+> ]q uVD du e\T |{+#sT. memdt,
syXd+|T+, ;C|, {sYmdt ~s |\ H\T L& du
Vs eT<T |{+#sT. u$wT @ #+~q y]HH
+#|]# de\T rd dHsYusY duT\qT dd+& #sTTkq
du bZq eT+ l<sY uT #bsT. <H s& de

$wjT+q dHsY usY duT\ rsT d]> <, B| q

#s\T rdT+{eT nHsT. d+|Tq H|<+ uVD
C <* e, shksTT #s ]> d<dT sVdTqT
\+>D ns deK n<&T >+>T |+<Xs #bsT. du
>H b HjTs\T \bs, myT $qjYT udsY, myT
~|t esY ~sT\T bZHsT. eTsy| $XK uVD d+|\
y~ <s+ $XK|+ uVDT\T sks #d,
>sedu sV+#sT. yVHuT T+u uVDC
Vw]+{\ |uT $|t <D+sE lydt |\T|#sT.
yue+> Bbe[ kq+...
sTeT\: ly+fXsk$T \jT+ keTys+ e eTsT\

Bbe[ |+&T> d+<s+> Bbe[ kq+ sV+#sT. \jT+

lseTT\ y] yT& e< kq se Xk+> ns
keTT\T sV+#sT. >eTXd |s+ e eTsT\qT |P\T
sV+, nq+s+ \jT+ y\T|\ eT+>ysTT<\ k$T
y] }s+|> yVqeT+&b rdTe#sT. n& k$Ty]
| +s\T deT]+#sT. seT+ \jT &|P{ z
dV#Y.seTD ns\T, n~d+K u\T bZHsT.
mC md s+~+q ]qT\T
<eT|: KeT+ es|>&+ >eT+ keTys+ nXse
| mC md qsdjT yVH ]qT\T n&THsT. >eT+
e eeTT ed\T #dTq md eTV\T s+~+#sT.

yssT |Tq |~ eT+~ eT

es+>, $XK uVDT\ X+Use+

MANYASIMA Telugu Daily; Edited, Printed, Published and Owned by P. Lakshmana Rao, # 60, R.T.C. Complex, Dwaraka Bus Station, Visakhapatnam 530020, Andhra Pradesh. Ph: 09440114786
Printed at Surya Printers, # 60, R.T.C. Complex, Dwaraka Bus Station, Visakhapatnam 530020. Ph: 09989745556, Mobile: 09989745557, e-mail: editor@manyaseema.com, Website: www.manyaseema.com, Editor: P. Lakshmana Rao