INDEFINTITE INTEGRATION FORMULAE

1. 0 = c

3. = +1 + c

2. 1 = + c

4. = log +c (a > 0)

5. = +
7. sin x = cos +
9. cosec = log cosec cot +

= log|tan |+ c

6. = log x + c

8. cos = +

10.
11.
13.
15.
17.
19.
21.
23.

= log + +
tan = log +
sec = tan +
sec tan = sec +
1 = sin +
1

12. cot = log sin + c

14. cosec = cot + c
16. cosec cot = cosec +c
1
18. 1+ = tan x +

= cos +
= sec +

1
1

1
=

= cot +
1
= log|ax + b |+ c

1
20. +

= cosec +

sin () +
1

22.

1
+

tan () +

= sec () +

Integration using Method of Substitution

() = ()
() = (()) ()
Rules of Integration (24 to 27)
24.

()
()

dx = log[ f(x)] + c

25. [() + () + + ()] = () + () + + ()

26. [() ()] = () + ()
27. . () = () , where is constant.
1
1
28.
= log + + +
29.
= log + +
30.
32.

33.

34.

1
= 2log | + | +
31.

sin ( ) +
= +
2
2

1
1 = 2 1 + 2 sin() +

= 2 2 log + +

1
1 = 2 1 2 log + 1 +

+ = 2 + + 2 log + + +

1
+ 1 = 2 + 1 + 2 log + + 1 +

+
1

= 2 log | | +

Integration by Parts

35. = u [( ) ]

OR

= uv

While using this theorem, we must be careful to choose the function v properly. Note that occurs twice on R.H.S.
Hence v must be a function which is readily (or orally) integrable. The rule for the choice of v is stated as follows:
When using integration by parts, take either an exponential or a trigonometric function as v. If both are absent, we may
take an algebraic function as v.

Reduction Formulae
sin .cos

36. sin =

sin 2 dx + c

cos .sin 1
37. cos =
+ cos 2 dx + c

DEFINITE INTEGRATION FORMULAE

38.

()

()

39. () = ()

40. 0 () = 0 ( )

41. () = () + ()
2

a< c<b

42. 0 () = 0 [ () + (2 )]
Corollary : If f (2a x) = f (x) then
2

0 () = 2 0 ()

43. () = 0

= 20 ()

if f is an odd function
if f is an even function