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Assessment Point: KK-1 The following data are excerpts from multiple reports. While the same location in the Kinnickinnic watershed is represented, the assessment point IDs differ. Throughout the following data, Assessment Point KK-1 is also represented by: o Reach 831 o RI-831 o Lyons Park Creek
94
59
59
181
59
100
894
N at
io n
ve al A
B ur nha m S t
C ii t y o f C ty of W E S T A L L II S WEST ALL S
o el
60 t h St
ve tA
Linc oln A v e
Linc oln A v e
24
C le v e la nd A v e
KINNICKINNIC RIVER
C le v e la nd A v e
T
Ok la hom a A v e
Fo r t es
om
ve
Ok la hom a A v e
60 t h St
C le m en t Av e
13 t h St
45
Fo
re
st
om
ve
794
38
62
32
Mo rg an A v e
Mo rg an A v e
U
894 45
CHEROKEE PARK CREEK
241
C ii t y o f C ty of S T .. F R A N C II S ST FRANC S
36
B oliv ar A ve
43
94
38
100
C ii t y o f C ty of G R E E N F II E L D GREENF ELD
43
894
La y ton A v e La y ton A v e
Y
62
Edg e rt on A ve
H owe ll Av e
35 t h St
20 t h St
27 t h St
13 t h St
6t h S t
24
Pe nn sy lv a nn ia A v e
C ii t y o f C ty of CUDAHY CUDAHY
Gr a nge Av e
32
Gr a nge Av e
119
Village of GREENDALE
62
LEGEND
Water Waterbodies Watersheds Subwatersheds Civil Divisions
KK WATERSHED
0 1,150 2,300 Feet 4,600
o Nati
A na l
ve
Burnham St Burnham St
H st re Fo
om
e Av
l Be
o it
60th St
e Av
KINNICKINNIC RIVER
Cleveland Ave
Cleveland Ave
H st re Fo
om
e Av
Okla homa Ave
60th St
Morgan Ave
Morgan Ave
Bolivar Ave
Clement Ave
13th St
Edgerton Ave
LEGEND
Water Waterbodies Watersheds Subwatersheds Routing Reach Tributary Area Combined Sewer Service Area Civil Divisions
Howell Ave
20th St
35th St
27th St
13th St
6th St
Aerial Map
0 1,100 2,200 Feet 4,400
94
59
59
181
59
100
894
o Na ti
nal
Av e
Burnham St
20th St
C ii tt y o ff C y o W E S T A L L II S WEST ALL S
lo Be
it
e Av
35th St
27th St
Lincoln Ave
Lincoln Ave
60th St
43rd St
24
Cleveland Ave
Cleveland Ave
T
Oklahoma Ave
s re Fo
om tH
eA
ve
KK-3
35th St 27th St
KK-9
Oklahoma Ave
13th St
45
KK-2
Fo
m Ho st re
eA
ve
794
38
KK-10
Clement Ave Chase Ave 6th St
20th St
60th St
43rd St
13th St
62 32
Morgan Ave
KINNICKINNIC RIVER
Morgan Ave
KK-1
U
894 45
241
Howard Ave
C ii tt y o ff C y o S T .. F R A N C II S ST FRANC S
KK-7 36
KK-8
Bolivar Ave
43
94
38
Layton Ave
20th St
35th St
27th St
13th St
6th St
43
24
Pennsylvannia Ave
Howell Ave
100
C ii tt y o ff C y o G R E E N F II E L D GREENF ELD
43
894
KK-6 Y
Layton Ave
Y
62
KK-5
Grange Ave
KK-4
Grange Ave
C ii tt y o ff C y o CUDAHY CUDAHY
32
119
Village of GREENDALE
62
ZZ
ZZ
32
LEGEND
Water
Assessment Points Routing Reach Tributary Area Watershed Waterbodies Civil Division
Clevelan d Ave
KK-1
e Av
r Fo
tH es
om
Morgan Ave
LEGEND
CSO SSO
Assessment Points
60th St
43rd St
Clevelan d Ave
KK-1
e Av
r Fo
tH es
om
Morgan Ave
LEGEND
Assessment Points Water Waterbodies Watersheds Routing Reach Tributary Area
Land Use
Agriculture
Outdoor Recreation, Wetland, and Woodland, Open Lands Transportation, Communication, and Utilities Manufacturing and Industrial Surface Water Civil Divisions
60th St
43rd St
Kinnickinnic River - Variance Standards/Targets Constituent Measure Variance Standard - Geomean not to exceed Fecal Coliform Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Total Suspended Solids (TSS) Total Phosphorus (TP) Variance Standard - Less than 10% of all samples/month Variance Standard - Minimum Concentration USGS Median TSS Reference Concentration (estimated background concentration) Planning Guideline Richards Baker Flashiness Index (quantifies the frequency and rapidity of short-term changes in stream flow; the index ranges from 0 - 2, with 0 being constant flow) Standard/Target 1,000 counts/100 ml 2,000 counts/100 ml 2 mg/l 17.2 mg/l 0.1 mg/l
Flashiness
indicator only
Kinnickinnic River Watershed Restoration Plan Fact Sheet KK-1, Reach 831, Lyons Park Creek
Data resulting from model runs:
Figure Flashiness index Dissolved oxygen v. days per year Fecal coliform v. days per year
Overall Project Analysis Team Assessment The Flashiness Index quantifies the frequency and rapidity of short-term changes in stream flow. The index ranges from 0 Moderate Moderate to Poor Variable (some good, some bad)
to 2, with 0 being constant flow. The flashiness is slightly high at this location. Typically, aquatic communities need 5 mg/l or more of dissolved oxygen to survive. Concentrations at this site fall below this level approximately 30% of the time, but do not go below 3 mg/l. However, the variance standard of 2 mg/l is met at all times. For recreational uses, lower fecal coliform counts (a measure of bacteria) are better (preferably under 400 counts / 100ml). The counts on majority of the days are either below 400 or above 5,000. A goal in this case may be to determine the conditions that create the above 5,000 days and discourage recreational use on days that meet these conditions. As there is a variance that allows the fecal coliform counts to reach 2,000, another goal could be to find ways to decrease coliform loading in order to increase the number of days that have fewer than 2,000 counts. Phosphorus is a nutrient that can lead to increased growth of algae. The concentrations on most of the days are at or below the 0.1 mg/l planning guideline. Phosphorus concentrations do not exceed 0.4 mg/l on any day. Suspended solids cause water to become cloudy and aesthetically unpleasant. They can clog the gills of fish and invertebrates, make feeding difficult, and lead to sediment deposition (poor habitat). The concentrations on most of the days are less than 25 mg/l and the concentration does not exceed 100 mg/l on any day. Dissolved oxygen concentrations are highly variable in the spring. This variability suggests that there is either excessive algal growth or organic enrichment and biochemical oxygen demand within the ecosystem. The decline in oxygen concentrations in the summer is typical due to the decreased solubility of oxygen in warmer water. While oxygen concentrations decline below 5 mg/l, the variance (which allows levels as low as 2 mg/l) is met. While the ranges of values are fairly consistent throughout the year, notice that the 75th percentile values decline during the summer swimming season. This may be related to the die-off of bacteria due to solar radiation. Conditions are particularly poor in March and are likely related to snow melt. In the early spring, the low ends of the ranges of phosphorus concentrations increase, possibly related to fertilizer application. Phosphorus concentrations then decrease through the late spring, summer, and early fall. This may be related to uptake by plants during the growing season. Suspended solids concentrations fall below the reference concentration most of the time. The majority of the higher concentrations are likely related to larger rain or snow melt events that disturb bare soil. As this is a concrete-lined channel, there is little sediment to re-suspend from the stream bed.
Phosphorus v. days per year Suspended solids v. days per year Monthly dissolved oxygen Monthly fecal coliform Monthly phosphorus Monthly suspended solids
Overall Project Analysis Team Assessment During mid-range to low flows, dissolved oxygen concentrations are lower than in the other flow conditions. This is Good
likely due to a lack of water agitation (which would allow greater diffusion of oxygen into the water) and high temperatures (low flow conditions are often associated with summer which has higher temperatures and lower oxygen solubility). Generally, a pollutant that is present at high concentrations during high flows and low concentrations during low flows (fecal coliform, in this case) is attributed primarily to non-point sources. The infrequent sewer overflows (once every 2-5 years) would only contribute during the high flows when substantial non-point loads are already present. Note that during any period with the highest flows, fecal coliform counts exceed the variance standard. During low flows and dry conditions, the variance standard is met consistently. During these low flows would be the safest time for recreational uses (most likely wading). Concentrations are greatest at high flows, with concentrations exceeding the 0.1 mg/l planning guideline less than 50% of the time during the highest flows. This suggests that the inputs are primarily non-point source pollution. Suspended solids concentrations increase with increased flows. This suggests a prevalence of non-point sources. All of the instances when the concentration exceeds the reference condition occur at the high flow condition. These conditions most often occur following large storms or major snow-melt events. The suspended solids may come from runoff that carries a sediment load, from stream bank erosion, or re-suspended stream sediments. Note that this site is located downstream of some concrete-lined reaches within the watershed. As a result, upstream activities such as stream bank erosion and re-suspension of stream sediments likely make less of a contribution to suspended sediment loads at this site compared to sites that are situated downstream of natural reaches that experience these activities.
Moderate to Poor
Flashiness index
Reach 831 Location Lyons Park Creek Richards Baker Flashiness Index 1.01
Assessment Point
Statistic
Condition Existing
5,659 80 492 296 2,660 90 361 150 6.6 6.3 100 0.052 0.031 88 0.66 0.67 8.5 5.0 0.0036 0.0013
Mean (cells per 100 ml) Percent compliance with single sample standard (<2,000 cells per 100 ml)d Geometric mean (cells per 100 ml) Days of compliance with geometric mean standard (<1,000 cells per 100 ml)d
Mean (cells per 100 ml) Percent compliance with single sample standard (<2,000 cells per 100 ml)d Geometric mean (cells per 100 ml) Days of compliance with geometric mean standard (<1,000 cells per 100 ml)d
Dissolved Oxygen
Mean (mg/l) Median (mg/l) Percent compliance with dissolved oxygen standard (>2 mg/l)d
Total Phosphorus
Mean (mg/l) Median (mg/l) Percent compliance with recommended phosphorus standard (0.1 mg/l)
Total Nitrogen
Copper
320
280
240
200
160
120
80
40
0 0-1 1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 5-6 6-7 7-8 8-9 9-10 >10
Average DO (mg/L)
360
320
280
240
200
160
120
80
40
360
320
280
240
200
160
120
80
40
0 0-0.05 0.05-0.1 0.1-0.15 0.15-0.2 0.2-0.25 0.25-0.3 0.3-0.35 0.35-0.4 0.4-0.45 0.45-0.5 >0.5
Average TP (mg/L)
360
320
280
240
200
160
120
80
40
10
1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Flow Duration Interval (%)
1.E+04
C onc e ntra tion (c fu/1 0 0 m L)
1.E+03
1.E+02
1.E+01
1.E+00
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Flow Duration Interval (%)
0.10
0.01
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Flow Duration Interval (%)
100
10
1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Flow Duration Interval (%)