Rpublique Algrienne Dmocratique et Populaire

Ministre de lEnseignement Suprieur et de la Recherche Scientifique

: --

:


.

.


.

.
:
.
Abstract :
In our time is the time of competition and development in the various fields. The most
important of these areas, building and construction, and in spite of the important role that
represents construction projects in our country, but it is exposed to a number of problems and
the most important of these problems is the delay in the completion of the non-receipt of the
project on schedule.
The reasons for this delay to the non-use of scientific methods in the planning and
monitoring of projects such as the method of network analysis.
Through this study, we tried to highlight several models of traditional scientific and
modern business networks that enable an admin of determining the duration of the completion
of the project and control it, and the conclusion of the best model among these models in
order to be the most suitable and most effective in determining the duration of the project
completion. Has taught us that whenever this study the evolution of a new style whenever the
fittest in going projects such as the latest model which is based the fuzzy set theory.
Keywords: network planning, traditional models for business networks, modern models of
network planning, programm evaluation et review technique and fuzzy set theory.




.



.



.






...


........................................................................................ -
: 7 .................................................
7 ................................................................................................
: 8 .............................................................
: 8 .............
: 14.............................................
: 21 ........................................................
: 24 .................................................
: 24 ......................................
: 26 ..........................................................
: 36 ..........................................................
: 42 .............................................
: 42 .............................................................
: 46 ..................................................
: 53 ..................................................
61 .............................................................................

 : .63.................................................
63 ...........................................................................................
: 64.................................................
: GERT. 64...........................................
: GERT65..............................................
: 67..............................................GERT
: 75 .............................
: 75 ....................................
: 81............................................
: PERT 85......
: 94.............................................. PPNT
: 94............................................PERT
: 95.............................................................PPNT
: 97 ......................................
107............................................................................

 : 109............................
109 ............................................................................................
: 96 110.......................
: 96 110....................................
: 112........................................................
: 115.................................................
: PERT 119............................................
: 119 ......................................
: PERT120..........................................WINQSB
: WINQSB 126...........................
: 96 130..............................
: 130.....................................................
: 131...........................................................
: 136 ..................................
144............................................................................

145...........................................................................:

1-1

33

2-1

34

3-1

48

1-2

72

2-2

GERT PERTCPM

74

3-2

82

4-2

87

5-2

88

6-2

92

7-2

ES-EF

92

1-3

111

2-3

114

3-3

117

4-3

CPM/PERT

122

5-3

124

6-3

125

7-3

) (

126

8-3

127

9-3

GANTT

129

10-3

131

11-3

135

12-3

136

13-3

140

14-3

142

1-1

16

2-1

16

3-1

17

4-1

17

5-1

20

6-1

26

7-1

28

8-1

28

9-1

28

10-1

29

11-1

37

12-1

FS

37

13-1

SS

37

14-1

FF

38

15-1

SF

38

16-1

SSFF

38

17-1

43

18-1

48

19-1

49

20-1

55

21-1

56

1-2

69

2-2

GERT

71

3-2

76

4-2

77

5-2

79

6-2

80

7-2

84

8-2

84

9-2

84

10-2

92

11-2

103

1-3

113

2-3

118

3-3

PERT CPM

121

4-3

CPM / PERT

122

5-3 PERT
6-3

124
133

CPM

PERT

GERT

FS

Analysis by Cricil path Methode

Program valuation Review
Technique

Graphical Evalution and Review
Technique

SS

FF

SF

SSFF

:

.

.


.
.


.
:
)( )( )(.
) )
.



.
:
.

) (

:


.

.
:

:

 :
:
-1

.
-2

.
-3
.
:





.

.
:
:
.
.

 .
:

...
:
-1 ":
" 2005

.
.
-2
"
" 2011
.
Windowss GAOCPN C++
Win-QSB
) ( .
-3
" 40
2011
) (CPM ) (PERT

).(GERT




.
.
:




.

PERT
.
:
.

.

GANTT
CPM .PERT

GERT
.PPNT


96
.
:

:

.
.
.

.

.

.


:
.

.


.

. : .
:
.

.

: :

.
: :
- :
:
:

:
.

)(1

:



.

)(2

-1 2007.345
-2 1 1999 .338
9

).(3
:
" :

").(4


.


.


.

-3 - 40 LSP
) ( 2011 .182 -181
-4 1 2010.326
10

- :

HENRY GANTT ) (Bar chart " "


.

1917 .

)(5

.

):(6
- : Critical path method CPM

-5 1996 ,183
6

-Jacque Bernad et Marko Perker ,les planning ,Paris les edition organization,1985,p .48.
11

Morgan Walker
James kelly. .1957-1956

)(7

- Programme Evaluation and Revieu Pert

: Technique

:


Vanslyke .
1956
Dupart
1957 MRvvelker Jekelly
.Remingtion corporation rand

)(8

CMP 1957
1965
)( 65
9000.

)(9

U.S.Nary
Polaris Allen
Pert 1958
Polaris
.

)(10

-7 . 49
-8 2 2006 .289
-9 .183
-10 .184
12

(Activity on arrau) AOA
) (Activity on Node
.AON:
(Line of Balance)LOB
1952
1962
.Charner cooper
Pert/Cost
NASA
.Pert

)(11

1966 CANS
.GERT :Graphical Evaluation and Review Technique
Elmghraby Eisner

.

)(12

:
Primavera 1983 .

11

- k k chitkara , contraction project management planning scheduling and controlling, 2009,p 102.

www . scribd. com: .2013-06-29

-12 1998 .237
13

Windows 6 1994 Scitor

.

)(13

MS.Projet
2000 Microsoft
.
Pert
.

)(14

.... Ayub
Haldar 1973 Abourizk Sawkney 1993 Hadipriono Wu
.1994

Fyzzy Network Pasit Loterapong Osamaa Moselhi
.


.

Digital Equipment Corporation : CPATH

IBM) (CPM.Pert time.Pert cost Data Corporation
Gumman Data Systems ) (***CPM Genral Electric Critical Path :

Method Program .
-13 .38.
-14 1 1986.10

14

:
-1Activity :

:

)(15

.





.

.



.

)(16

-2 Dumny Activity :


.

)(17

-15 .32
-16 2009 .134
-17 .328.
15

.
-3Event :

:

"
".

" "

"


. : :
:
.
:


.

.

)(18

-18 ..199.
16

) (11

A
: .1 .199
:
:

)(19

) (12
B

:: .1
.199
:

:

)(20

) (13
C
D

:: .1
199

-19 ..195.
-20 .196
17

)(21

) :(14
2
2

1
1

1
1

)(

2
2

1
1

)(

: .1 .328
-4 :Path

:

.
.

)(22

Critical Path

-21 -
534 ) . ( 2005-2004.83.
-22 .328
18

)(23

-5:Project




.

)(24

:

:


.

)(25

-6 ) (Network :
" :

.
Diagramme Procdure
.

)(26

-23 .198
-24 1 2009 305
-25 .305
19

.
-7Costs:

.

:
) :(5 1

TC

TC

DC

TC
DC

DC

: 1
1999 .347

-26 .338

20

:
:TC Indirect Costs IC :
:DC :

....
.


.


D
C C .D

)(27

:
- : .

- : .

:



:
-27 1 2000 .275
21

-1 :

)(28

-2 :

.



.
-3 :


.

.

)(29

-4 :
" :
" .

-28 1 2006 . 166

-29 . 166
22

)(30

-5 :

.
:


.
.

.

.
.

)(31

- MCCORKEY Dal, how to manage by results, American management association, New yourk, p.15.
- 31 2005 .196 -195

23

30

: :

......
.

: .
:
-

. . :


:
-1 :

.

)(32

-2 Work breakdown structure :

- 32 .155.

24

.
:
.
.
.
.

.
: .
: .Work Pachage
-3 : :
- : .
- : .
- : .
-4 :
.
-5 :
.....

)(33

- 33 .156 .155.
25

-6


.

)(34

: Event oriented system

.
-1 :
:
- .
-
.

):(35
(6 1) :
A
j

:
- 34 .156.

- 35 . 2005.322 .

26

-

.


:

:
.

: .

) ( :
.

)(36

:AOA

:

)(37

-1

) (7 1
J

A
I

: .200

- 36 .322
- 37 .200

27

-2

:

)(38

) (8 1
L

I
K
J

: .1 .201
-3
:
) (9 1

A
M

C
K

: 1 .201
-4

A,B,C A
:

- 38 .201 - 200
28

) :(1 10
K

B
C

D
M

: 1 .202

MS Project Mctools Primavera:
-1
.
-2
.
-3 .



.

)(39

-3 :

:

- 39 .311
29

: :
- :
)(1

:
-1
.
-2
.
-3 ) (i,j ) (j,k )(k,L
) (K,m .
-4
) (J,K ) (J,L ) (I,J
.
- Events Earliest time :
I :
Ev .

)(1
E1 =0 : .
-1 J ) (i,j (Ej) j
(Ei) i,j
:
(1)...............Ej=Ei+Dji
-2 j Ej :
30

(2)......max [Ei+Dji]= Ej
j i

n
En=T: T .

)(40

- :Eventslatest Time
) (Li
.

n
:
En=Ln=T
:
i :
(3)......................Li= Lj-Dij
:

)(41

](4).............Li=max[Lj-Dj
- ): Events Slack Time (Si
Si=Li-Ei :

.
Si=0
:
L1=0 ,
E1=0
S1=0
- 40 .331
- 41 .215
31


En=T

Ln=T

Sn=T-T=0
)(42

" "
:
: :
:
:

(5)............ Z=Min

Ej Ei Dji :
n>i1
Ei>0
:n

.Ei

: Ei i
:Ei j
:Dji ).(i,j
:
(6)......Z=min [ nLn

Ln Ln :
E.L
-3 :
:

)(43

- 42 .217
. - 43 1 .368
32

) (1 1
n-1,n

(n-i),n

D(n-1)n

D(n-i)n

...

...

3,4

2,4

2,3

1,2

)(i,j

D3.4

D2.4

D2.3

D1.2

Dij

: 1 .368

:
) (2 1

D2.

E1=0

D1.2

Ei

E2

D2.3 D3.
4

Dn-1,n
En

D
Ln

L3

L2

L1

Li

: 1 .368

:
-1 ) (1
1 E1=0 Ei

33

-2 ) (2 2 ) (2
D1.2 D1.2 D1.2
2 )(4
E2= D1.2 + E1
-3 j
] .[D2.4+ E2, D3.4+ E3 ]Max [D2.4+ E2, D3.4+ E3
:
n En = Ln Ln n L5 = Ln D6n
:]L2=Min[L3-D2.3,L4-D2.4

)(44

:
:
-1 :
.
-2 ) :Earliest Start Time (ES
Es = Ei :
-3 :Earlies Finish Time EF
(7)........EF=Ei +Dij :
-4 ):Lasts start Time (LS
:
. - 44 .369

34

(8).................LS=LJ -Dij

-5 ) : Lasts Finish Time (LF

= Lj :

.LF

.
) :Total Eloat Time (TF
T (9).....TF=Lj Ei -Dij :
Lj Ei
TF=LF- EF : TF= LS ES

.
-6 ) :Free Float time (FF
) (FF
TF TF ) (FF
:
)(10

FF = Ej Ei Dij

FF= Ej EF

:
- ) (i,j Sj = Si = 0
- Lj Li = Dij :

Ej-Ei=Dij

: :Activity oriented system

. - 45 .181 -180

35

)(45

.(AON) :
-1 ):(AON
:
- :
:
) (11 1

- :
:
-1 ) :Finish to start (FS B
A B A
:
) (12 1 )(FS
B

:
-2 ) :Start to Start (SS B
A .
. - 46 .149 .

36

)(46

) (13 1 SS
A

:
-3 ):Finish to Finish (FF
B A A
:
) (14 1 FF
B

:
-4 ):Start to Finish (SF
B A B
A A .

)(47

) (15 1 SF
A

:
-5 ): (FF , SS
B A B
A :

. - 47 .150

37

) (16 1 )(FF , SS
FF

:
-2 ):(AON


.
- :

.
- :
.

ESi ) ( ESi=0

:
)EFi = ESi + Dji..(11
)EFi = 0 + Di(12
)EF = Di........................(13

.
-1 ) :(FS ) (11EFi = Esj :

-2 ) :(SS j i Esj
= ESi EF ).(11

)(48

-3 ) :(FF . EFi = EFj

:
)Esj = EFj - Dj.. (14

. - 48 151.
38

-4 ) (SF EFj = EFj

) (14

.j
:
= :
] Esj Max [EFi ) (11 EFj .j

T
]T= Max[EFi
- .
:
T = LFi :
)LSi . LFi Di................(15
:

:
-1 ) : (F.S LFi = LSk K
j )(14
-2 ) :(S.S LFj . LSk + Dj ) (14.LSj = LSk :
-3 ) :(F.F :
LFj.LFk LSj )(13
-4 ) :(S.F LFj = LFk + Dj LSj ) (13 = LSj
.LFk

.

LFj LFj = Min(LFj).
) (13

.LSj

)(49

- : T
- 49 .151
39

T = LFi Efi :
T = LSi Esi

- : :
(16)................ (50)EFi = ESj - EFj




.
Mixed System "
" ) AOA
(AON
AOA AON
.
AOA AON
. Di

)(51

- 50 .331
. - 51 .152

40

: :

.
: ) (CPM
) (Pert
.

.
: )( Gantt Chart
.
-1 :


0
.
.

)(52

52

- - 1982

.292
41

.
).(D
-2 :
- :


.

:

)(53

) (17 1

: . .1996
.31

: - 53 .31 .
42

:
-1 :

.
-2 :

.
-3 :


.
-4 :

.
-5 :


)(54

-3 :
- : :

)(55

.
: - 54 .32 .
- 55 1999 . 279
43

.
.
.
.
.
.
.

)(56

.
- :

:

.

.
.
.
.

)(57

56

- .280 .

57

2008 .124-123
44

) ( .

)(58

: Analysis by Critical path Methode (CPM):

.
-1 :


.
Dij
.

TFij :

)(59

.
.
.
.
.
.
- 58 .124
- 59 .303

45

- :

-1 }{ n
-2 k.
-3 }{ = )T(i
) T(i i=1,2,.k i

j=1,2.k

-4
) Max (i) = T(c
) T(c C
.
) (T .

)(60

- :


.

T(F) i= T T (Ti ) :
T(F) i
.i

)(61

- 60 . - 2008 .195
- 61 .180
46

) (18 1
EFj

ESi

tij

LFj

LSi

: 1 .180.
:
:1 :

)(62

) :(3 1
)(

1
A
1
4
A
B
2
2
A
C
3
6
B
D
4
2
C
E
5
1
D.E
F
6
: - 2008
.238
: .
) (19 1
D

F
6 12

5 11

12

11

4
6

2
4 3

1
4

5
5

2
1

: - 2008
.238
- 62 - 2008 .238

47

6 12 4
.F,D,B,A :
A B D F LSi = ESi
: ):(CPM
CPM .
-1
CPM
Cij = aij Dij Dij: Dij
:

CPM


:

)(63

-1 :
:
.
Dij.dij,cij.Cij :
.

- 63 . .222 .
48

.

.
Tc
.

.
-2 :

)(64

:
-1
.
-2 .
-3 .
-4 .
-5
.
-6 .
-7


.

- 64 .224-223 .

49

-3 :

CPM AOA :
]Min c = Cij = [aij bij tij + txn Xj Xi Tij : Tij Dij :Tij Dij
Xi 0 i= 1,2,.:Tij 0
Tij :

:C .
:Xj i=1,2.n
:Xn .
Tij
.

)(65

: ):(CPM


.
-1 :CPM
:

.
65

- Nahmias , Steven ,Production and Operations Analysis, 3rd.ed. Irwin, U

S. A. 1997 ,P 517.
50

CPM
.

)(66

)(67

-2 :
:

.


.

.

)(68

CPM

.
CPM
.

.

- 66 1997 .130
- 67 .195 .
- 68 .131 .
51

CPM
.

)(69

Program Evaluation & Review Technique

):(Pert
1958

.
-1 :Pert
Pert :
" Pert
" .
" Pert

)(70

".

" Pert


)(71

".

- 69 .196
- 70 .351
. Boualem Benmazouz, Recherche Oprationnelle de gestion, Atlas ditions, mars 1995, P193- 71
52

.
-2 :Pert
Pert:
- :Triangulair Distribution

] [a,b :
( a x) m

= )F(x

( m x) b
) F(x
a b m :
( a + b + m) :

.
= S2:

)(a2 + b2 + m2 ab am bm
:

)(72

) (20 1

)F(x

:
94 2009 31289 .
- 72
94 2009 31.289 .
53

- Uniform Distribution :

:
Si a x d

= )F(x
0

other wise
:
= , 2

=X

-3 :B Pert

:
:a .
:b .
:m
.a m b
m a,b :

) (21 1 .B
)F(t

)F(t

)F(t

time

: . 1
2009.224 .
54

:
=T
:

= 2

). (Tc

2 =

) ( .

T
]

[P=

)(73

-4 :Pert
CPM Pert
:
- :Pert/Cost

:
- Dij.dij, Cij.cij

.
.
.

- 73 PERT) ( 76
2009 .188 -187 .
55

)(74

- :
Pert
CPM

Pert :
.

)(75

Min Z =

C : .
)(i,j
.

-

.
-

- 74 .224-223
- 75 .224
56

1-

:
- T

T

- T

T = 2 = 2

C=

C Z :

Z .

. Z

1- .%1

)(76

-5 :Pert
:Pert
Pert :

)(77

: .
Pert .
.

- 76 .194
- 77 .195 .
57

Pert
.
Pert .
Pert .

.
:Pert

)(78

Pert :
Pert


.
.
Pert ) (B
.
Pert .
-

) (Beta
%10 %5 .

- 78 .196-195.
58

.


GANTT



) (CPM

. Pert
) (AOA
).(AON

59

Pert
Pert
.
.





...

GERT


.

Pert .(PPN) Pert

61

)Graphical Evaluation and Review Technique (GERT

.

GERT

:
: ) (GERT
GERT Pert .
:GERT
GERT
.

)(1

) (CPM,PERT .
- GERT :

)(2

.

.

.

-1 1
- 2002 .99
-2 .364.
62

GERT :



.
:GERT
GERT :

)(3

.

.
.
.

.

.
: GERT :
GERT
:
:

-3 .100
63

:
GERT
:

)(4

: ) (P= 1 ) P (ij ) (i,j

: 0 P (ij) 1 : P (ij) = 0 ) (i , j .
) (
.
: :GERT
- :
) (1 :

)(5

:
) (1
.

:


)(6

-4 .366
5

-Moder J.and C. Phillips ,Project Management with CPM and PERT and Precedence
Diagramming.3rd ed., VAN Nostrand Reinhold company , New York 1983,p.323
6
-A B Plilsker, GERT : Graphical Evaluation and Review Technique. National earonation and space
administration, 1966. P.6.
64

- :
GERT
.
- :

.
- :
) (1

.

)(7

:GERT
GERT
AOA
:
- :GERT
:
:
.
:
.
:I = .

-7 .7-6
65

= =0 ) (1 ).(1

.

)(8

- :GERT
GERT

:
):Code of type Distribution ond (TD

) (Td = 2 = (Td
) 7 )...(Td = 9
):Time Parameter set( Tp
) (Tp =3
D .m
:

1 :

- Moder J.and C. Phillips. ibidp.366.

66

GERT
.

)(9

-9 ..101 .
67

) (1 2

: 1
.2002.101

68

:
-1 )(GERT
-2 .
:

) (GERT

) ( 2 2 GERT

4
-2 ) (GERT
:

69

) : (1 2

2-1

3-2

4-3

) (

5-4

)(

6-4

)(

6-5

7-6

4-7

) (

8-4

)(

5-7

)(

8-5

) (

9-8

: 1
2002. 103

) (GERT
70

:
)( ) (6-4 ) () (6-5 ) () (4-7 )( ) (5-7 (7-6 ) -

4- 7
)( 6 - 4
) ( 7-5 )(6-5

- GERT Pert :CPM

GERT PERT CPM
.

71

) (2 2 CPM PERTGERT
CPM
-1

GERT

PERT
.

-1 -1

.

-2 .......

-2

-2

-3

-3

.
-3

-4 -4 .
.

) (.
.

-5 -5 .
.

-6
.
-7 .CPM

-8 .

) (.

.
-9
.

.
.

-10

.
:
72

: ):(Fuzzy set theory

.




.
Pert

.
: :


.
:
-1 :Fuzze Set

73

: ....
.

)(10

:



.
)(

)(11

) (3 2 .

Out

in

in

Out

Lorterapong Pasit and Ossama Moselhi,project network analysing using fuzzy sets:
project management journal december.1995,p.308

-10
33 2011 7 .103
Lorterapong Pasit and Ossama Moselhi,project network analysising using fuzzy sets theory, project

11

management journal december.1995,p.308

74

):(4 2

N.Ravi Shanker and othors, fuzzy critical path method on matric disttance ranking . int :
journal of math analysis , vol 4 n 20,2010,p . 997.

A :
A = x1/ a ( x1 ) , x2/ a ( x2 ) , x3 / a ( x3 ) ,, xi / a ( xi ) ,, xn / a ( xn ) .

: i = 1,2,3.n : n

:
] [ 0,1

a / xi

a / xi ,i=0

.A

:a ( ) =1 .
1 a ( ) 0

A .

75

A
X
)(12
. A .
:
X
:
.
10/10 .X=1
X=0 0.1

:
A = { x1 = 1/ a ( x1 ) = 1 , x2 = 0.9 / a ( x2 )= 0.9 , x3 = 0.9 / a ( x3 ) = 0.8,
, x4 = 0.7 / a ( x4 ) = 0.5 , , x5 = 0.6 / a ( x5 ) = 0.1 , , x6 = 0.5/ a ( x6 ) = 0
, x7 = 0.4 / a ( x7 ) = 0 , x8 = 0.3 / a ( x8 ) = 0, x9 = 0.2 / a ( x9 ) = 0 ,
x10 = 0.1 / a ( x10 ) = 0, x11 = 0 / a ( x11 ) = 0 }.

}A={1/1,0.9/.09, 0.8/0.7 , 0 .7/0.5, 0.6/0.1

.X

:
A =1

) ( xi

0 a ( x i ) 1
-12 ..209 .
76

X ) : (Fuzzy Number
: ) (Convexity ).(Namality

.

.

)(13

- :

:
) :(5 2 .
x
1

x =1

=x
=x

N.Ravi Shanker and othors, fuzzy critical path method on matric disttance ranking . :
int journal of math analysis , vol 4 n 20,2010,p . 998

a :

-13
18.98
77

:b .
:c .
:d .

x a d :

)(14

a x b
b x c

= x

c x d
)0 ( other wise

:
b=c
:

)(15

) (6 2

x
=x

=x

-14 ..98 .
298 . - N.Ravi Shanker and othors.
78

15

b=c

0:

N.Ravi Shanker and

othors, fuzzy critical path method on matric disttance ranking . int journal of math analysis ,

.vol 4 n 20,2010,p . 997.298.

:
= x

a x b
1

X=c=b
c x d
0

other wise

"
1 0
) ( ".
-2

:
:

A B A B

:
) ) ( A B ) = Min ( ( A ) , ( B
: A B
:

)(B

(A),

B ) = Max

(A

:
:
) a (xi) = 1- a (xi

79

: A ) (X B
) (Y R A B
) (A*B :
) ( A B ( , )= r ( , ) = A ( )^ b

)(16

:
) :R ( , X .Y
^ : .
I=1,2,3,..n j= 1,2,3,m )

A B ( ,

) ( , R :
) (32
..y
m

R = A*B

A
Min ( a (x1) , b (y1).. Min ( a (x1) , b (yj) Min ( a (x1) ,
) b (ym

.
.
.

xi
. Min ( a (xi) , b (y1).. Min ( a (xi) , b (yj) Min ( a (xi) ,
). b (ym
.

Min ( a (xn) , b (y1).. Min ( a (xn) , b (yj) Min ( a (xn) ,

) b (ym
ASIA,k.- Fuzzy Systems for Management, ohm-sha ,IOS Press , Nethe:

.309. .- Lorterapong Pasit and Ossama Moselhi.

80

16

land , 1995.192p.

R :

)(17

]) n K=1 Rk ( x i , y j ) = nK=1 [ RK ( x i , y j
: .
: ,

, . K

: :

]) 1K=n Rk ( x i , y j ) = 1K=n [ RK ( x i , y j
: .

: R - ( xi , yj) = 1 - R - (xi , yj) :

:
:
A X B X
C Z
R A B
T B C
A C A T
:
] ) TOR ( xi zk) =max [ min R ( xi yj). T ( yj zk
-17 .299 .
81

( xi zk) TOR ( xi zk)
:

(18)

: m,n

M= ,

n= ,
:

(AB)

( 7 2)

: S.Elisabath and L Sujatha , Fuzzy critical path problem for project network,
International journal of pure applied mathematics, vol 85,n 2,p. 226.

( 8 2)
B)

(A

S.Elisabath and L Sujatha , Fuzzy critical path problem for project network, :
International journal of pure applied mathematics, vol 85,n 2, p 229.
.

18

- S.Elisabath and L Sujatha , Fuzzy critical path problem for project network. International journal of

pure applied mathematics, vol 85,n 2,p. 226.

82

) (9 2

x
S.Elisabath and L Sujatha , Fuzzy critical path problem for project network, p. 229 :

) (m,n :
,

)(19

= MN
,
])

])

= MN
( Max (M,N) = [
(Max (M,N) = [

} ) = {x,[ m ( x ) n ( x

Max
Min
: Pert

.Lorterapong, Pasit and Osama Moselhi .IBID.P 309.

83

19

-1 :

.

.
.
CPM pert

.
1 : 0
.
.
-2 :Pert
Pert
B-Pert
D ) (m, b, a
.

Pert
.

:

84

.
Pert
:

)(20

-1 .
-2 a, b, m .
-3
F C
D ..
-4
:
(4 2 ):

} {0.8/0.25, 0.9/0.8 , 1/1

}{0.8/0.5 , 0.9/0.9 , 1/1

{0.3/0.2 , 0.4/0.8 , 0.5/1 , 0.6/0.8 ,

}0.7/0.2
}{0/1 , 0.1/0.9 , 0.2/0.5
}{0, 1, 0.1/0.88 , 0.2/0.42
}{0 ,1 , 0.1/0.81 , 0.2/0.25

Abd el Haddi El Rifai Analysis of PERT Network Using Estimations of:

FuzzySets Theory. p279.
-5
F C .

.Abd el Haddi El Rifai Analysis of PERT Network Using Estimations of Fuzzy Sets Theory
) ( ,2005 .279.
85

20

-6
:
( .

T ] [0.1 a,m,b
.
-7
.R
-8 R T, C , F C D
.
-9
TOR )
(
:
* (1). TOR 1 j
* (2) TOR 2 j
* (3) TOR n . j

* (4)......... = max TORij

-10

)(21

.21 .280
86

)= / ............(5

=P(D

)= / ..............(6

=P(D

:
) :(5 2

) (P

(P

(P

Abd el Haddi El Rifai Analysis of PERT Network Using Estimations :

of Fuzzy Sets Theory
.280 .
-11

:
= D

) D

- (D)2

Pert.

)(22

-2 :


) (a,b,m.
:
.

.

)(23

.22 .280 .
. Lorterapong, Pasit and Osama Moselhi.IBID.P311.
87

23

) (0
) (a,b,c,d ) (0000 :

)(7)..............FESX = max(FEFP
(8).......................FEFI=FESX + FDX
(9).........................Tprg = FEFe
:FESX

:P
:P .
:FEFX x
:FDX .
: E .
:T
: Max
.
:

88

)(24

.
:
-

) (PLF) (Preliminang late Finish

PLFX= min (FLSS):
PLFX .X
:FLSS S X
:S .X

PLFX FLFM ) (0, :),e,f

( = ) ( 0.0. .

FEF ) (a.b.c.d FLFN ),e,f

)(g.h.e,f
(

FEF FLFN d-c f-e .

) (y :
D c f e -1 FEF . FLFN
y FEF FLFN :
)Y=( f-d, f-d , f-d, f-d
-2 f-e > d-c :
) Y= ( e-c , e-c , e-c, f-d
y :
FLFN

FEF

FLN :
.24 .212
89

FLF = FEF

FLS :
FDZ

)(25

FLF = FES
.
: :
) (6 2

)(3,4,4,5
)2,3,3,5
6,8,8,10
5,7,7,9
6,9,9,14
10,12,12,14
2,2,2,4

10

14

14

12

10

.25 .212 .
90

4,5,5,8
4,6,6,8

) (10 2
H

D
A

Mosilhi, O and Lorterapon,P Fuzzy vs propbablitic scheduling , P.445

91

) ES ( 7 2 EF

ES

0000

0000

3445

3445

9121215

ES

9121215

9121215

15212129

15212129

19242433

LF

15212129

17232333 29 192424

19262637

23303041

LF

3445

6111113

15212129

5332

9121215

92

: Pert Path Network Technique

)( PPNT
Pert

.
Pert
Pert Pert
) (PPN Pert .
: Pert
PPNT
.

.
PPNT ' "Pert :

{=

]K=[1,N] =[1.n
:
: K

.K

)(26

26

.Mummolo Giovanni Measuring Uncertainty And Criticality In Network Planning By PERTPath

Technique , International Journal Of Project Management, Vol.15,NO.6 Great Britain 1997,p. 378
93

Pert

.

Pert

PPNT :
"

: P K
" PPN

. :
PPNT
.
: ):Pert Path Network (PPN
(PPN) Pert

)(

= [1,k] , K=[1,N] :

Pert
PPN . :

)(27

[ [, +
Pert

.27 .380
94

PPN PPN
Pert )(PPN Full Pert Path
).Network (FPPN

)(28

Pert
Pert

FPPN
FPPN FPNN
FPPN
).Reduced PERT Path Network (RPPN


:




.

)(29

) (EPPN

.

29

.Mummolo Giovanni ,PERT Path Network Technique: A New Approach To Project Planning ,
International Journal Of Project Management , Vol .12 . NO. 2 .1994 ,P.90.
95

: :
:
_ :

.
: K .
:S

Pert

: s k+1

: i
:

.
Pert

pert

=]

[ =
:
:
:

.
.

[
96

[0,+ PN

FPPN
:

)(30

-1
K = 0 FPPN= RPPN
-2 RPPN
K k* = 0..N :
. (N- k* ) + 1
:
k* =0
.N+1
:k*= 1 .
:k*=N N .
-3 k
-4

-5 :A Pert
}

:B

] m [1,K

- :C

-6 2k+1

A :

.30 .97 .
97

)(31

)(32

[
:
0

[= -

[= +

:
{ ]= min

:
=]

:
=

[B

1- Mummolo Giovanni IBID,p379.

.32 .380 .
98

):(33

.
-7
k*=N

.
- :
Pert

) (K D

A B ) D

(
33

. Romakumar ,R. Engineering Reliability Fundamentals and Applications prentice hall ,

international , Inc . , U.S.A,1993 , p 54.
99

:
=

[ Prob

:
(T)dt

:
=]

[ Prob

Pert

PPN.
:
}=1

) (
:

)(34

{},prob

}= prob

.Romakumar ,R IBID , p 55-56

100

34

}=1

{Prob

- :

.



]V[T ] E[T

[ V

[ E

]:E[T T .
] :V[T .
[:E

[:V

S
s N+1 :
(=S

.i

: K K .
101

K=1,2,..N

:s .

)(35

:
) (11 2

Pontrandolfo , Project Duration In Stochastic Network By The PERT . :

Path Technique , International Journal of Project Management, vol . 18 ,.2000
p.217
S II

II

IIi

T :
T :S(0,+

. :

i=1,

:
=P
:P :

.
35

.Pontrandolfo , Project Duration In Stochastic Network By The PERT Path Technique ,

International Journal of Project Management, vol . 18 ,2000. p.217
102

) (p :
[E

=](1).................E[T
+

])2

-(E

+[ E

=](2)............... V[T
=](3)..................... V[T

Pert PPNT
:

)(36

-1 PPN (PN)Pert .
-2
.
-3 ) (1 )(2
).(3
) (




.



.

.36 .218 .
103

.

Pert

.
:
-1 PPNT Pert
.
-2 PPN PN PPN
PN .
-3 PPNT PN .
-4 PPNT
Pert .

104

GANTT
PERT

.

GERT
.
PERT

.
PPNT PERT
.

.

105

)
( .


.



.

96

96

.
.
PERT

PERT WINQSB
.

.

107

: 96 :



: 96 :
96
.
-1 :
96 5630
27 2011

) (F3
35
.
140000000
17 107 9
.

.

108

) (1 3

10

18

10
40

15

20

10

20

24

20

20

16

109

12

:
-2 :
35
GANTT
2011/07/27
2014/09/27 .
: :

.
- : 17
:
_1 :
.
-2 : )
(
.
_3 :


. :

110

): (1 3

111

17 107


.

.
96 .
- :


:
) (2 .3

)(

100000

10

645120

10

6I93150 ,20

20

4000000

22

140000

14043232

18

112

8326523.60

15

2464436

2400000

8028925

10

2580480

20

1836000

7741440

24

504000

15

1000000

18

2008841.60

16

127650

12

:


.
: :

:
: . A
113

: A . B
: C A.B
: C D : D .E : F .D : .G : H . G : I .H : G .J F .K K L M .J N .L O I . P .M Q .E :
) (3.3
114

A ,B

Q
:

115

) (2 3

B
3

C
4

D
5

F
6

E
K

J
H
10

11

I
13

12

14

N
P
Q

16

116

: PERT :


.PERT
: :


:
-1 : Primavera
1973
.

. web
)AOA. (AON
-2: Microsoft project 2007
Microsoft
.
-3 : Lp

. pert
-4 : MC TOOLS

117

.....
100 .
-5 : WINQSB

.
: PERT : WINQSB
PERT WINQSB

19 .
PERT/CPM :
) (2 3 PERT/CPM
:
WINQSB 19
PERT/CMP
3 3

118

) (3 3 PERT/CMP

FILE
:
. . ) (. . . CPM .PERT 4 3 .

119

) (4 3 PERT/CMP

OK
.5 3
) (4 3

120

.
SOLVE ANALYSE Solve
criticl path :
. . . . . . . . 6.3
)( 6.3

121

RUSULTS Graphic Activity Analysis

5 3
)(5 3

5 3 17 136.33 8
3 .
122

6 3
RUSULTS Critical
Patch Show .
: 6.3 .

B-C-D-F-G-J-M-P

. 2 ,45
Slove analyze
probability :

123

) (7 3

: WINSQB :
CPM
- 1 :

124

) (38

125

137
-2 GANTT
GANTT CHART :
) (9 3 GANTT

126

127

: 96 .


.
: :
)
(
:
-1 :
:
- :
..... .
- :
.
.
-2 :


.
-3 :


.
128

96 .
.
-2 :

.
a,b,m Pert
.
.
.
:10 3 .

PERT

) ( 1,2,2,3

)(3,4,4,5

)(8,10,10,12

12

10

)(16,18,18,20

20

18

16

)(6,10,10,12

12

10

)(38,40,40,41

41

40

38

)(10,15,15,20
)( 4,5,5,8

20

15

10

25

20

14

12

10

)(14,20,20,25
)(8,10,10,12

129

)(16,20,20,22

22

20

16

)(6,8,8,12

12

)(20,24,24,26

26

24

20

)(18,20,20,24

22

20

18

)(16,20,20,24

24

20

16

)(12,16,16,18

18

16

12

)(10,12,12,14

14

12

10

A Pert a,m,b 123
.
) (1223 .

D3
D2=D3

130

) (36

)(1,2.2.3

)(3,4.4.5

2
)(0,0.0.0

)(8,10.10.12

C
4
)(16,18.18.20

D
5
)(38,40.40.41

F
6

)(6,10.10.12

)(10,15.15.20

K
7

)(16,20.20.22

J
H

)(8,10.10.12

)(4,5.5.8

11
)(6,8.8.12

10
)(20,24.24.26

L
)(10,12.12.14

12

13

(18.20.20.2

N
:

14

)(14,20.20.25

(12,16.16.18

P
O

16
131

)(16,20.20.24

.
.

: Pert
A : )(0000

)= (1,2,2,3

)= (3,4,4,5
+
])(8,10,12,), (3,4,4,5),(8,10,12

)Max=[(1,2,2,3

])[(9,12,12,15),(11,14,14,17
= (11,14,14,17).
.
a,b,c,d 0 A B C D
.
:

132

(11 3) :

ES

LS

0,0,0,0

1,2,2,3

0,0,0,0

3,4,4,5

3,4,4,5

11,14,14,17

11,14,14,17

27,32,32,37

33,42,42,59

27,32,32,37

27,32,32,37

65,72,72,78

65,72,72,78

75,87,87,98

75,87,87,98

79,93,93,106

79,93,93,106

93,103,103,111

75,87,87,98

83,97,97,110

65,72,72,78

81,92,92,100

81,92,92,100

87,100,100,112

83,97,97,110

103,121,121,136

87,100,100,112

95,120,120,132

93,103,103,111

105,119,119,135

115,137,137,157 103,121,121,136

43,54,54,73

33,42,42,59

) (115,137,137,157 115 157.

133

:

:
.
) : (12 3

:
0.2

0.1

C1

0.25

0.25

0.25

0.8

0.25

0.8

0.8

0.9

0.25

0.81

0.2

0.1

C2

0.42

0.88

0.42

0.88

0.9

0.1

0.42

0.5

0.5

0.2

134

F2

0.9

0.8

C3

0.9

0.5

0.81

0.81

0.5

0.1

0.25

0.25

0.25

0.2

F3

(=T

)
1

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

=T

0.9

0.5

0.42

0.88

0.81

0.81

0.5

0.42

0.88

0.9

0.1

0.25

0.25

0.25

0.42

0.50

0.5

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.25

0.25

0.25

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.9

0.81

0.81

:
: C

: C

135

:
} D= {1/0,2/1,3/0.2
} D= {1/1,2 /05,3/0
} D= { 1/1,2/05,3/0
D
3

0.2

0.5

0.8

0.2

0.9

0.9

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.3

0.5

0.8

0.4

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.8

0.6

0.2

0.2

0.7

136

D
3

0.1

0.1

0.9

0.1

0.1

0.5

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.9

0.1

0.1

0.5

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.3

0.5

0.8

0.4

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.8

0.6

0.2

0.2

0.7

0.2

0.5

0.8

0.2

0.9

0.9

0.2

137

=R

D
TOR ij Fi

3 TOR ij

2.2

0.2

0.191

1.91

0.2

0.9 0.81

0.1

0.19

0.95

0.2

0.5 0.25

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.28

0.35

0.1

0.8 0.25

0.81

0.9

0.1

0.8

0.9

1.1

1.1

0.1

=TOR

1[1/1,2/0.1,3/0] :

:1
(P

(P

=1*0.909+ 2*0.090 + 3*0 = 1.091

0 (1,091)2 = 1.372

0.909 + (2)2 0.090 + (3)2

(P
= (1)2

PERT
:

138

) : (13 3

)(

)(
PERT

PERT

1,091

1.305

0,027

3,087

0,092

0.027

8,172

0,394

10

0.111

16,164

0,589

18

0,111

6,354

1,350

10

0,444

38,142

1,783

40

0.111

10,44

2,156

15

0,694

4,086

0,098

0,027

14,526

3,159

20

8,172

0,394

10

0,111

16,344

1,577

20

0,444

6,174

0,365

0,111

20,61

9,0144

24

18,162

0,658

20

0,444

16,344

1,578

20

0,111

12,348

1,463

16

0,444

10,17

0,432

12

0,111

139

.
115 136,17.

:
) (13.3 PERT
:
-1 Pert
.
-2

.
) (- 5% t
22 t(22.1- /2)=2.11
:
)(1-3
)(2-3
=

140

)(3-3

) :(14.3

182.667

5.518

1.208

205.286

0.849

0.188

299.0625

7.060

0.812

232.109

6.220

0.426

182.043

5.508

1.820

) (3.14 :
1 ,208
PERT
t 0,188 t
.
2,11
PERT H0 H1 .


. 5%

141

PERT
.

.

142

. 96
17
107
.
PERT
WINSQB
136,17 .


.

.

143

.

.

GANTT


CPM
PERT GERT
.

PERT
PPNT
.
:




PERT .

145




.
:

:
:
. CPM PERT .
GERT .
.
:
17 107 . WINQSB PERT 18136990. . 136,17 PERT 115 157.

146

 24
.
.-

:
:
. WINSQB .
%10

.
.

.

147

 :





:



.
.


.




.

148

149


:
-1 1997.
-2 . 1
2010
-3 .2008
-4 . 1
-5
1 -2002.
-6 . 2007.
-7
2005.
-8 . .2009
-9
.2008
-10
18.
-11 1
2006.

 -12 . 1
2009.
-13 . 1 1999.
-14 1 .2002
-15 1 .
-16 PERT) ( .
-17 .
- 534 ) .
( 2005. -2004
-18 -
1982.
-19
2008.
-20 -
) ( LSP2011 40
-21
1999.
- -22
332011 7
-23 . 1
1986.
-24 . 2 .2006
-25 . 1
2000

1998. . -26
.2005 . -27
- 28
.2009 31 94 .

:
1-A B Plilsker, GERT : Graphical Evaluation and Review Technique. National
earonation and space administration, 1966.
2- Abd el Haddi El Rifai Analysis of PERT Network Using Estimations of Fuzzy Sets
Theory
3- ASIA,k.- Fuzzy Systems for Management, ohm-sha ,IOS Press , Nethe
land , 1995.
4-- Boualem Benmazouz, Recherche Oprationnelle de gestion, Atlas ditions, mars 1995
5- Jacque Bernad et Marko Perker ,les planning ,Paris les edition organization,1985
6-k k chitkara , contraction project management planning scheduling and controlling.
2009
7-Lorterapong Pasit and Ossama Moselhi,project network analysising using fuzzy sets
theory.1995
8 -Moder J.and C. Phillips ,Project Management with CPM and PERT and Precedence
Diagramming.3rd ed., VAN Nostrand Reinhold company , New York 1983
9- Mosilhi, O and Lorterapon,P Fuzzy vs propbablitic scheduling
10- Mummolo Giovanni Measuring Uncertainty And Criticality In Network Planning
By PERTPath Technique , International Journal Of Project Management, Vol.15,NO.6
Great Britain 1997
11-.Mummolo Giovanni ,PERT Path Network Technique: A New Approach To
Project Planning , International Journal Of Project Management , Vol .12 . NO. 2 .1994

12- MCCORKEY Dal, how to manage by results. American management association,

New yourk
13- N.Ravi Shanker and othors, fuzzy critical path method on matric disttance
ranking . int journal of math analysis , vol 4 n 20,2010.
14 -Nahmias , Steven Production and Operations Analysis ,3rd.ed. Irwin, U
S. A. 1997
15- Pontrandolfo , Project Duration In Stochastic Network By The PERT Path
Technique , International Journal of Project Management, vol . 18 ,2000.
16-. Romakumar ,R. Engineering Reliability Fundamentals and Applications prentice
hall , international , Inc . , U.S.A,1993
17-S.Elisabath and L Sujatha , Fuzzy critical path problem for project network.
International journal of pure applied mathematics, vol 85,n 2.

:
www.microimages.com/documentation/.../network.pd.
ppr.cs.dal.ca/sraza/files/social%20networks
www.iasj.net/iasj?func=fulltext&aId=30770
dspace.ju.edu.jo/xmlui/handle/123456789/24459...
www.tishreen.edu.sy/.../--pert-
www.aitrs.org/Portals/_PCBS/Documents/.../re11.doc