3

. . .

2543 2545


10 40

2543 2544 2545

1,167 3,000 4,000 /
3,838 1,686 2,152

2543 2545 1:1.05 1:1.32 1:1.54

2543 2545 W =
0.0698 L2.4022 W = 0.0219 L2.8060 W = 0.0192 L2.8583
2543 18.98 2544 18.98 2545
18.64

:
 4
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY OF INDO - PACIFIC MACKEREL
FROM MACKEREL ENCIRCLING GILL NET IN CONSERVATION AREA ,
PRACHUAB KHIRI KHAN, CHUMPHON AND SURAT THANI PROVINCES

Patcharee Puntuleng and Nopparat Nasuchon

Chumphon Marine Fisheries Research and Development Center
408 Moo 8, Paknam, Muang, Chumphon 86120

ABSTRACT

Reproductive biology of Indo-Pacific mackerel was studied by collecting data

from mackerel encircling gill net in conservation area i.e., Prachuab Khiri Khan, Chumphon
and Surat Thani Province from January 2000 to July 2002. Fishing grounds were found
between Prachuab Khiri Khan, Chumphon and Surat Thani Province of which the most
important ones were the area around Koh Samui, Koh Pangan and Koh Tao.Depth of those
important fishing grounds was 10-40 meters.
The highest average catch rate in 2000 ,2001, and 2002 were 1,167.67, 3,000 and
4,000 kilograms per day in June , March , and July, respectively. All catch was Indo-Pacific
mackerel.
Sex ratio and maturity stage were examined from the total of 1,686 male and
2,152 female of the fish. Sex ratio of male to female in 2000, 2001, and 2002 were 1:1.05 ,
1:1.32 and 1:1.54 respectively. Spawning season was resulted between February and June
with the peak in March and April. The relationship between total length and body weight of
2.4022 2.8060
the fish in 2000 2002 were W = 0.0698 L W = 0.0219 L and W = 0.0192 L2.8583,
respectively. According to their highest mean length in 2000, 2001 and 2002 which were
18.98 centimeters and 18.64 centimeters, respectively, it could be assumed that the mackerel
encircling gill net was the main fishing gear of Indo-Pacific mackerel fishing. This study
confirmed the accuracy of declared spawning ground, spawning season and closed period in
conservation area.

Keywords : Indo-Pacific mackerel , Mackerel encircling gill net , Conservation area

 5

Indo-Pacific mackerel

(2511)

(Spawning migration) (2508)
2
(2538)
20 2





4.7
10 40

(2544)
2541 107,083 (2545)
2542 125,175

(2542)
4 40
30 20 10



(2540)
2504 - 2527 8 2527 ( )
 6

15 31


(
) 4.7 1 15

() ()

2542 24 2542 ( )

15 15
(
16 )


14


2527
2542

2542
( )
( )



 7

1.

2.

2.1.
2.2.
2.3.
2.4.
2.5.

1.
1.1


( 1)
1.2
2543 2544 2545
2.
2.1 5


2.2

(Gonadosomatic
index,GSI)
 8
99 100 101 E
N
12 12

11

11
11

.
10 10
10

.

.

.

N
.
9 9

99 100 101

1 2543 - 2545
 9
3.
3.1

( , 2543)

n

i =1
i
Aj = n

t
i =1
i

Aj = j ()
i = i ()
ti = i ()
n = j ()

3.2
3.2.1
Holden and Raitt (1974) 5
1 Immature




2 Maturing virgin and recovering spent




3 Ripening


 10



4 Ripe







5 Spent

1-2
(Immature) 3-5
(Mature)
(Mature)

3.2.2 (Gonadosomatic index, GSI)

1-5
Yuen and June (1957)
GSI = (GW/BW) x 102

GW = (gonad weight)()
BW = (body weight)()
 11
GSI (Mean
Gonadosomatic index)

3.3

(1: 1) 95 %
(Snedecor and Cocharn, 1973) ( 0.05,1 = 3.8415 )
2

2
(Observed Expected)
=
2

Expected

Observed =
Expected =
3.4

Rounsefell and Everhart (1953)
W = aLb
log W = log a+b log L
W = ()
L = ()
a,b =
(Linear regression analysis)
3.5
0.5
FiSAT Sparre and Venema (1992)
 12

1.

2543 - 2545

13 - 24 100 - 375
400 - 1,320 36 - 60 4.7





( 2 ) 20 - 30
1

2 2543 - 2545
 13
2543
24 2542
80

14 34
2544




73



14 35
2545
30-40

14 30

14
5
14 20
22 25

10 12

10 40
 14

11 30 ( 3)

99 100 101 E
N
12 12

11

11
11

.
10 10
10

.

.
.

N
.
9 9

99 100 101

3

 15
(2538)


2543 2545
(2533)
(2534)

2543 670 1,025 1,083.33 699 1,121.60 1,167.67 ./
2544 1,104 1,039.73 3,000
1,448.13 1,945.43 ./ 2545 3,320.80
1,699 2,221.69 2,340 1,933.33 3,000 4,000 ./ ( 1 )
670 4,000 ./

2543
2545

1 (./)
2543 2545

.. .. .. .. .. .. ..
2543 670 1,025 1,083.33 699 1,121.60 1,167.67 -
2544 1,104 1,039.73 3,000 1,448.13 1,945.43 - -
2545 3,320.80 1,699 2,221.69 2,340 1,933.33 3,000 4,000
 16
2.

( 4 )
100 8 2543 100 8
7 7
80 6 80 6

% maturity
% maturity

60 5 60 5

GSI
GSI
4 4
40 3 40 3
20 2 20 2
1 1
0 0 0 0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul

100 8 2544 100 8

7 7
80 6 80 6
% maturity

% maturity

60 5 60 5
GSI

GSI
4 4
40 3 40 3
20 2 20 2
1 1
0 0 0 0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul

100 8 2545 100 8

7 7
80 6 80 6
% maturity

% maturity

60 5 60 5
GSI

GSI

4 4
40 3 40 3
20 2 2
20
1 1
0 0 0 0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul
%maturity GSI %maturity GSI

4 ( % Maturity ) ( GSI )

 17
2.1
3-4 2543
50

2544

2545
()
()
(2538)
2
(2539)


(2505) (2508, 2510)

1 2543 - 2545

2.2 (GSI)
2543-2545 3,838 1,686
2,512
2543
5.69 5.79 5.15 7.08
5.50 4.53 4.17 4.87 5.50
2544 5.48
5.49 7.93
6.75 2545
4.42 6.89 3.85 7.28

 18
2.3
3,838 1,686 2,152
2543 2544 2545 1:1.05 1:1.32
1:1.54 2543 (P>0.05)
1:1 2544 2545 (P<0.05)
1:1 ( 2)

2
2543 2545

: (2)
2543 299 158 141 1:0.89 0.96
466 269 197 1:0.73 11.12*
236 94 142 1:1.51 9.76*
238 106 132 1:1.25 2.84
211 89 122 1:1.37 5.16*
120 50 70 1:1.40 3.34
1,570 766 804 1:1.05 0.92
2544 240 87 153 1:1.76 18.16*
117 44 73 1:1.66 7.18*
120 63 57 1:0.90 0.30
120 53 67 1:1.26 1.64
120 62 58 1:0.94 0.14
717 309 408 1:1.32 13.66*
2545 237 127 110 1:0.87 1.22
240 31 209 1:6.74 132.02*
237 108 129 1:1.19 1.86
240 158 82 1:0.52 24.06*
239 111 128 1:1.15 1.20
119 20 99 1:4.95 52.44*
239 56 183 1:3.27 67.48*
1,551 611 940 1:1.54 69.78*

: = 3.841 , df = 1
* = 95%
 19


(P<0.05) 2545

2.4
2543 2544 2545 1,413 605 1,335
15.3 21.2

2543 W =0.0698 L2.4022 r2 = 0.8246
2544 W = 0.0219 L2.8060 r2 = 0.8433
2545 W = 0.0192 L2.8583 r2 = 0.8256
t test
2543 2544 2545 ( r H0
P<0.05) 81.45 56.96 79.44 t 0.025, 1 = 1.96
( 5 )
2.5

2543 2544 15.0 22.0
2545 14.5 22.0
2543 2544 18.98 2545 18.64
( 6 ) 3
17.0 22.0
(2544)
18.49
14.5
( 7 )
 20
150

n = 1,413

2543
2.4022
W = 0.0698 L
2
r = 0.8246
100

Weight (gm)
50

0
13 16 19 22 25

Total length (cm)

Observed Calculated

150
n = 605
2.8060
W = 0.0219 L

2544 100
2
r = 0.8433
Weight (gm)

50

0
13 16 19 22 25

Total length (cm)

Observed Calculated

150
n = 1,335
2.8583
W = 0.0192 L

2545 100
2
r = 0.8256
Weight (gm)

50

0
13 16 19 22 25
Total length (cm)

Observed Calculated

5 2543 - 2545
 21

2544
2543
2545

6 2543-
2545

7 2543-
2545
 22

4.7
2542



2544
2545

10 40


670 4,000 ./
(
)


2543
1: 1
2544 2545 1:1

2543 - 2545
2543
2545 17.00 22.00

 23

( )
(15 15 )

2542

1.

2.

 24

. 2508. .. 2506 2508. ,

. 192 .
. 2544. .. 2541. 6/2544.
, , , . 91 .
. 2545. .. 2541. 10/2545.
, , , . 87
. 2534. .
2534. 16 18 2534. , .
486 514.
. 2539. Rastrelliger neglectus (Van Kampen)
(
). 1/2539. ,
, , . 27 .
. 2511.
. .. 2505 2510 1. ,
, . 282 303.
, , . 2543.
. 3/2543. , ,
. 35 .
. 2538. (-
). 27. ,
, , . 16 .
. 2542. .
52 1. . 51 - 56.
. 2533.
(.- .). . , , .
98 .
 25
. 2544. Rastrelliger brachysoma (Bleeker,
1851) R. kanagurta (Cuvier,1817) .
9 / 2544. , , . 22 .
. .
.. 2512 2513.
1. , , .
71-87.
. 2505.
. . 42 .
. 2508. -
. 4.
, , . 1 14.
. 2510.
2509 2510. 1. , , .
. 13 - 40 .
. 2540. 2511
2537. 2/2540. ,
, , . 63 .
. .
.. 2511 2515.
1. , , . 11-45.
Holden, M. J. and D.F.S. Raitt. 1974. Manual of fisheries science. FAO Fish. Tech. Paper No.
115: 1- 214.
Rounsefell, G. A. and W.H. Everhart. 1953. Fishery Science. Its Methods and Applications.
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New york. 444 pp.
Snedecor, G.W. and W.G. Cocharn. 1973. Staitistical Method. 6th ed.,The Iowa State Univ.
Press, Iowa. 539 pp.
Sparre, P. and S. C. Venema. 1992. Introduction to tropical fish stock assessment Part I
Manual . FAO fish. Tech. paper 306. 1 Rev.1. FAO, Rome.376 pp.
Yuen, H. S. H. and F.C. June. 1957. Yellowfin tuna spawning in Central equatorial Pacific.
U.S. Fish. Wildl. Serv., Fish. Bull.57 (112): 251 264.
 26
- -



.. 2527
.......

32 (1) (2) (4) (5) ..

2490
1.
(1)
.. 2526
3 2526
(2)
( 2) ..
2526 29 2526
2.
60 .. 2490
3. 15 31
4. 3.
()
4.7
1 7
 27
1 11 16/ 40// 99 50/ 00//
2
2 11 49/ 40// 100 50/ 00//
3
3 9 15/ 00// 100 15/ 00//
4
4 9 15/ 00// 99 55/ 00//
5
5 9 22/ 00// 99 49/ 00//
6
6 9 22/ 00// 99 44/ 52//
7
7 9 17/ 00// 99 44/ 52//
7

()
()

5 1 15

6 5.
()
4.7 4.
()
7.

28 2527

( )


 28



28 2527
E

N
 29

---------------------------------------

50 ..
2540 32(1) (2) (4) (5) .. 2490

1

.. 2527 28 .. 2527
2 15 15

3 2
 30
(1)
16
()
(2)

(3)
(4)
()
(5) 14

1 7

1 11-49/-40// 99-50/-00//
2
2 11-49/-40// 100-15/-00//
3
3 9-15/-00// 100-15/-00//
4
4 9-15/-00// 99-55/-00//
5
5 9-22/-40// 99-49/-00//
6
6 9-22/-40// 99-44/-52//
7
7 9-17/-00// 99-44/-52//
7

4
Length Over All (L.O.A.)

 31
5

6
60 .. 2490

24 .. 2542

( )


 32



24 .. 2542
 33




1.
.24/09/2542
2.
. 24 2542
. 24/09/2542
(..2527)

2542 2543





.24/09/2542





 34

15 2543
24 2542
: .
.24/09/2542

(15 ..-15 ..)
..2527
(15 ..-15
..)
1



2542

 35

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
 36


279/8 4 . . .
.077-582310,541347 .077-582427
9/2544 24 2544

1.

2.

(.. 2542)


135

www.thai.net\langsuan


( )
 37


15 2544
: -

2542
2527


30 2542 3
1.
( . 24
2542)
2.

2


(

)





3.
3

 38


.
13 2542

(..)
( )

(
)



. 2420 30

15 2542 25
( 10 2542

59

25
25


2543
( 14)


2543
2542
 39




2543

 40

-------------------------------------------