CHUYN 10: CONDITIONAL SENTENCES (CU IU KIN)

I. Cc loi cu iu kin
1. Loi 1:Cu iu kin c th xy ra hin ti hoc tng lai
If clause Main clause
If + S + V present simple S + will / can/ may + Vinfinitive

Ex: If I find her address, I will send her an invitation

If Mary doesnt feel better tomorrow, she will see a doctor.
If I pass the university entrance exam, my parents will be very happy.
* Mnh chnh trong cu iu kin loi 1 c th l mt cu dng mnh lnh.
If you see Peter at the meeting, please tell him to return my book.
If you are free now, have a cup of coffee with me.
Mnh lnh + or + Clause - If you dont + V0, Clause
- If you arent + , Clause
Ex: Go away or I will call the police. If you dont go away, I will call the police.
Be careful or you will cut yourself. If you arent careful, you will cut yourself.
- i khi th hin ti n c dng cho c hai mnh ca cu iu kin din t mt s tht
hin nhin; n c gi l zero conditional.
Ex: If we dont water these flowers, they die
i khi chng ta cng c th dng Should trong mnh IF ni v nhng iu kin t kh nng xy
ra.
If you should see Kim, please send my regard to her.
2. Loi 2:Cu iu kin khng c tht hin ti
If clause Main clause
If + S + Vpast simple S + would / could / might + Vinfinitive

Eg: If I were you, I wouldnt tell the truth.

If she knew your address, she would send you a letter.
If she had a camera, she could take some photos.
If we didnt have a car, we would find it difficult to get about.
3. Loi 3: Cu iu kin khng c tht trong qu kh
If clause Main clause
If + S + V past perfect S + would / could /might + have + P.P

Ex: If I had known the answer, I would have told her.

I would have gotten the scholarship if I had studied harder.
If I had not been so ill, I could have joined the camping trip last week.

II. o ng trong cu iu kin

o ng bng cch: b If, o ch ng ra sau cc ng t: Should, Were, Had trong mnh iu kin,
mnh chnh khng thay i.
1. o ng trong cu iu kin loi 1
If he appear, please tell him to wait for me.
Should he appears, please tell him to wait for me.
If anyone should call, please take a message.
Should anyone call, please take a message.
2. o ng trong cu iu kin loi 2
Nu trong cu c: were th o were ln trc ch ng.
If the painting were genuine, it could cost a million dollars.
Were the painting genuine, it could cost a million dollars.
Nu trong cu khng c were th dng were to, ng t chnh dng nguyn mu.
If I had more time, my report would be better.
Were I to have more time, my report would be better.
3. o ng trong cu iu kin loi 3
If I had invited her to the party, it would have been more fun.
Had I invited her to the party, it would have been more fun.
Khng c dng dng rt gn trong mnh o ng.
If she hadnt told him, he wouldnt have known about that.
Had she not told him, he wouldnt have known about that.

III. Nhng cch khc din t cu iu kin:

1. Unless = If.not (Tr phi, nukhng)
If you dont work hard, you cant earn enough money for your living = Unless you work hard, you cant
earn enough money for your living.
2. Suppose / Supposing (gi s nh), in case (trong trng hp), even if (ngay c khi, cho d), as
long as, so long as, provided (that), on condition (that) (min l, vi iu kin l)
Suppose the news is true, what will you do?
Ill change my decision provided that you accept my offer
In case I forget, please remind me of my promise
3. Without (nu khng c) / but for ( nu khng c) + N/ N.Phrase
If there were no water, life wouldnt exist. Without water, life wouldnt exist .
If you hadnt helped me, I couldnt have finished this assignment
But for your help, I couldnt have finished this assignment.
If it hadnt been for your help, I couldnt have finished this assignment.
4. C th kt hp iu kin 2 v iu kin 3 trong mt cu(Cu iu kin hn hp)
Ex: If I hadnt stayed up late last night, I wouldnt be so tired now.
You wouldnt be so hungry if you had had breakfast this morning
5. Dng cu: Do you mind if I.. Would you mind if I..
Do you mind/Would you mind + V-ing?
Do you mind if I + Vinfi?
Would you mind if I + Vpast simple ?
- Would you mind sitting in the front seat of the taxi?
- Would you mind if I took a photo?
- Do you mind if I sit down?

PHN 2: BI TP P DNG
EX 1: Put the verb in brackets into the correct form.
1. If the earth suddenly (stop) . spinning we all (fly) . off it.
2. If you (smoke) in a non-smoking compartment the other passengers (object)
3. (your parents / not / be) . proud if they could see you now?
4. Im broke, but I (have) .. plenty of money now if I (not / spend) so much
yesterday.
5. If we (work) all right, we (finish) in time; but we have no intention of doing
it
6. If we (have) .. a submarine now, we (use) it to investigate the seabed
7. Were he ten years younger, he (take) .. part in the voyage around the world
8. Should you come late, they (not let) you in
9. He might get rid of his cough if he (not smoke) so much
10. If someone (give) .you a boat what you (do) ?
11. Water (freeze) . if the temperature falls below zero
12. I (warn) .. you if I had seen you last week
13. He always says hello if he (see) you
14. What would you do if he (resign) .. tomorrow?
15. I wouldnt have been so upset if Judy (write) to me earlier
16. Shout if you (see) ..anything unusually
17. The engine starts if you (turn) ..this key
18. If he werent so bad-temperature, his wife (not leave) .him so soon after the marriage
19. What (you / say) .if I offered you a job?
20. The children always (get) .frightened if they watch horror films
EX 2: Choose the best answer.
1-If I .the same problem you had as a child, I might not have succeeded in life as well as you
have.
A-have B-would have C-had had D-should have
2-Iyou sooner had someone told me you were in the hospital.
A-would have visited B-visited C-had visited D-visit
3-more help,I could call my neighbor.
A-needed B-should I need C-I have neeeded D-I should need
4-then what I know today,I would have saved myself a lot of time and trouble over the years.
A-had I known B-did I know C-If I know D- If I would know
5-Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people.the same language?
A-spoke B-speak C-had spoken D-will speak
6-If you can give me one good reason for your acting like this,this incident again.
A- I will never mention B-I never mention C-will I never mention D-I dont mention
7-I didnt know you were asleep.Otherwise,I.so much noise when I came in.
A-didnt make B-wouldnt have made C-wont make D-dont make
8-Unless you all of my questions,I cant do anything to help you.
A-answered B-answer C-would answer D-are answering
9-Had you told me that this was going to happen, I.it.
A-would have never believed B-dont believe C-hadnt believed D-cant believe
10-If Jake..to go on the trip, would you have gone?
A-doesnt agree B-didnt agree C-hadnt agree D-wouldnt agree
11-When I stopped talking,Sam finished my sentence for me as though he ..my mind.
A-would read B-had read C-reads D-can read
12-if you., I would have brought my friends over to your house this evening to watch T.V,but I
didnt want to bother you.
A-had studied B-studied C-hadnt been studying D-didnt study
13-I wish I.you some money for your rent,but Im broke myself.
A-can lend B-would lend C-could lend D-will lend
14-If someone in to the store,smile and say, May I help you?
A-comes B-came C-would come D-could come
15-Here s my phone number.
Thanks.I ll give you a call if I .some help tomorrow
A-will need B-need C-would need D-needed
16-If I werent working for an accounting firm, I.in a bank.
A-work B-will work C-have worked D-would be working
17-The deathrate would decrease if hygienic conditions improved.
A-was B-is C-were d-had been
18-The education in Japan..if the basic principles of education had not been taken into
consideration.
A-would go down B-would have gone down C-went down D-had gone down
19-If there.the ricefields could have been more productive.
A-had been enough water B-were enough water
C-would be enough water D-are enough water
20-the patient could not recover unless he an operation.
A-had undergone B-would undergo C-underwent D-was undergoing
EX 3: One of the four underlined parts marked A, B, C, D in each sentence is not correct in
standard English. Identify them.
1. If Lucia had been here now, she would find out the truth about her uncles accident.
A B C D
2. If a student takes a course on Computer Science, it will take him four years doing the course.
A B C D
3. Unless it did not rain, Peter would pay us a visit.
A B C D
4. If had I known you were in financial difficulty, I would have helped you.
A B C D
5. If I had knew the time when the match started, I would have told you.
A B C D
6. If she had finished the work, she can go home.
A B C D
7. If I had spoken more confident at the interview, they would have offered me the job.
A B C D
8. If we had had a map, we would not be lost yesterday.
A B C D
9. Had I known Alices address, I would write to her.
A B C D
10. If I had realized that the traffic lights were red, I would stop.
A B C D
11. If had you sent the application form to that company, you would have been offered a job.
A B C D
12. If you dont care conservation the environment, we will get unavoidable disasters.
A B C D
13. He spends money carelessly as if he was a millionaire.
A B C D
14. Unless you work harder, you will be sack because of your laziness.
A B C D
15. Unless there had been the heavy storm, the climbers will not have died.
A B C D
IV: Complete each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence
printed before it.
Ex 4./ Rewrite sentences
1. I didnt eat lunch, I feel hungry now.
> If I.
2. If it hadnt rained, we would have a better crop.
> But for
3. If you want my advice, I wouldnt buy it.
> If I
4. I only come if they invite me.
> Unless.
5. He didnt revise all his lessons, he failed the exam.
> If he
6. His sister sent her money, so he continued to study.
> But for
7. The park is over there, only 5 minutes walk.
> If you walk.
8. In case it rains, well stay at home
> If it..
9. They dont have enough time so they cannot do me a favour.
>
10. I must leave now, or Ill miss the flight.
>
Phn 3: Bi tp vn dng theo chuyn .
EX 1: Choose the best answer
Cu 1. If you pass your examination we _____________ a celebration.
A. have B. will have C. would have had D. would have
Cu 2. If I had time, I _____ to the beach with you this weekend.
A. will go B. will have gone C. would go D. would have gone
Cu 3. If she_________ late again, she'll lose her job.
A. came B. comes C. had come D. come
Cu 4. If I had enough money, _____ that house.
A. I am buy B. I could buy C. I can buy D. I will buy
Cu 5. If you had told me earlier, I _____________ it to you.
A. would give B. will give C. would have given D. gave
Cu 6. If it ____________, I will come to see you.
A. didn't rain B. doesn't rain C. don't rain D. not rain
Cu 7. I __________to work if I had a car.
A. drove B. will drive C. would drive D. would have driven
Cu 8. If he ___________to me, he wouldn't have failed in the exams.
A. had listened B. has listened C. listens D. listened
Cu 9. Had he come earlier, he __________her.
A. would meet B. would have met C. might meet D. will meet
Cu 10. If I were you, I _________ a new car.
A. buy B. will buy C. would buy D. bought
Cu 11. If there were no gravity, everything ________.
A. would float B. floated C. would be floating D. will float
Cu 12. You______ if you take a map.
A. will get lost B. would get lost C. won't get lost D. would have got lost
Cu 13. We would save thousands of lives if we ______out the remedy for the flu.
A. had not found B. found C. find D. will find
Cu 14. If I________ ten years younger, I would do yoga everyday.
A. are B. were C. have been D. am
Cu 15. Unless you go now, you __________late for school.
A. will be B. would have been C. would be D. are
Cu 16. If we_______ in a town, life would be better.
A. had lived B. lived C. would live D. live
Cu 17. We _____ you if we have time.
A. would phone B. had phoned C. phoned D. will phone
Cu 18. If I won the lottery, I_______ you half the money.
A. had given B. gave C. will give D. would give
Cu 19. It _______ be a pity if she married Fred.
A. can B. would C. may D. will
Cu 20. If I'm free on Saturday, I ____ to the mountains.
A. went B. could go C. to go D. can go
II : Rewrite the following sentences:
1. He cant go out because he has to study for his exam
=> If..
2. She is lazy so she cant pass the exam.
=>If
3. He will pay me tonight; I will have enough money to buy a car.
=> If.
4. He smokes too much; thats why he cant get rid of his cough.
=> If..
5. She was very shy, so she didnt enjoy the party.
=> If..
6. I will get a work permit. I will stay for another month.
=> If..
7. He doesnt take any exercises. He is so unhealthy
=> If.
8. We cant get the ticket because I dont have the right change.
=> If..
9. Study hard or you wont pass the exam.
=> If..
10. Dont be impatient or you will make mistakes.
=> If..
11. I didnt eat lunch, I feel hungry now.
=> If I...
12. I only come if they invite me
=> unless.
13. He didnt revise all his lessons, he failed the exam.
=> If he..
14. The park is over there, only 5 minutes walk
=> If you walk.
15. Leave me alone or Ill call the police
=>Unless
16. If you arrive at the office earlier than I do, please turn on the air-conditioner.
=> Should
17. The children dont go to school in the snowy weather.
=> If it
18. He died so young; otherwise, he would be a famous musician by now.
=>Had
19. You must tell me the whole truth or I wont help you.
=> Unless
20. The car breaks down so often because you dont take good care of it.
=> Were I
III./ One of the four underlined parts marked A, B, C, D in each sentence is not correct in
standard English. Identify them.

1. What do you do if you won the first prize of the lottery?

A B C D
2. Would people be able to fly, if they have feathers instead of hair?
A B C D
3. George now wishes he hasnt broken his encouragement with Marian
A B C D
4. I would do it if I could, but I cant so I wouldnt even try
A B C D
5. If a drop of oil is placed in a glass of water, it would float to the top
A B C D
6. If Peter had been more careful, he wouldnt break the camera I lent him
A B C D
7. Roger wouldnt have made such a lot of mistakes if he hasnt been so tired.
A B C D
8. How nice it would be for our parents if we could built the house
A B C D
9. He wouldnt have able to pass the test if his English hadnt been good enough
A B C D
10. If only we knew all this information about the market many weeks ago.
A B C D
IV./ Put the verb in brackets into correct form.

1. If it (not be) _____________ for you, I would be late

2. I cant help feeling sorry for the hungry children. If only there (be) __________ peace in the world
3. Were I to become president, my first act (be) __________ to help the poor
4. If he (listen) _____________ to his fathers advice, he would still be working here.
5. If she hadnt stayed up late last night, she (not / be) ____________ tired now.
6. I feel as if my head (be) ___________ on fire now, doctor.
7. He always talks as though he (address) ____________ at a public meeting.
8. It was our fault to keep you waiting so long. We (inform) ___________ you in advance.
9. Had I known her address, I (go) _____________ to visit her.
10. He looked frightened as if he (see) _____________ a ghost.
11. I wish I (see) ____________ her off at the airport yesterday.
12. Tom wishes he (have) _________ enough money to buy a new car now.
13. Mary wishes she (become) _________ an astronaut someday.
14. I wish I (have) __________ a day off to visit his parents. He hasnt seen them for ages
15. He wishes he (not/buy) ______________ that old car.

Phn 4: Bi tp v nh
I: Choose the best answer for each of the following sentences.
1. _____have enough apples, shell make an apple pie this afternoon.
A.Should she B. If she C. Will she D. Unless she
2. If you_____to me, you wouldnt have got so much trouble.
A. listened B. would listen C. had listened D. Would have listened
3. If you dont know how to spell a word, you_____ look it up in the dictionary.
A. must B. will C. should D. ought
4. If the sun _____, we _____for a walk.
A. shines / will go B. shone / will go C. shone / would go D. had shone / would go
5. The campfire _____ if it _____ last night.
A. wouldnt be cancelled / hadnt rained B. wouldnt have been cancelled / hadnt rained
C. would have been cancelled / hadnt rained D. will be cancelled / rains
6. But for our parents, we _____ successful in life.
A. will never be B. would never be C. wouldnt have be D. would have never been
7. If I _____ my wallet at home this morning, I _____ money for lunch now.
A. leave / will have B. didnt leave / would have
C. hadnt left / would have D. hadnt left / would have had
8. It is too bad, Lam isnt here. If he _____ here, he _____ what to do.
A. were / would know B. is / will know
C. had been / would have known D. was / would know
9. If we _____ the plans carefully, we would not have had so many serious mistakes.
A. study B. had studied C. studied D. were studying
10. I will never talk to you again _____ you apologize me _____ your being rude.
A. if / for B. unless / for C. or / of D. whether / or
11. _____ you work harder, you will be sacked.
A. Whether B. If C. However D. Unless
12. I think you should stop smoking.
A. If I am you, I will stop smoking. B. If I were you, I will stop smoking.
C. If I were you, I would stop smoking. D. If I had been you, I would stop smoking.
13. If you take the ice out of the fridge, it _____.
A. vaporizes B. melts C. heats D. disappears
14. We should do something to protect water from being polluted _____we will have nothing to drink in
the future.
A. if B. whether C. or D. unless
15. Lets knock on their door to see _____ home.
A. if theyre B. unless theyre C. whether they were D. if they had been
16. Unless we _____ more snow, we cant go skiing.
A. will have B. have C. have had D. had
17. Youll fail the exam _____ you start revising.
A. if B. until C. when D. unless
18. Unless you wash the car, you _____ not drive it at the weekend.
A. would B. could C. have to D. may
19. If Peter _____ his car before the drive, he _____ the problem of out of petrol.
A. checked / will not get B. had checked / would not have got
C. checks / will not have got D. would be checking / will not have got
20. He stepped on the mine, and it exploded.
A. If he doesnt step on the mine, it doesnt explode.
B. If he doesnt step on the mine, it wont explode.
C. If he didnt step on the mine, it wouldnt explode.
D. If he hadnt stepped on the mine, it wouldnt have exploded.
21. In my experiments, the liquid is cooled to 32F. It always freezes.
A. If you cool the liquid to 32 degrees, it froze.
B. If you cooled the liquid to 32 degrees, it would freeze.
C. If you cool the liquid to 32 degrees, it will freeze.
D. If you had cooled the liquid to 32 degrees, it would have frozen.
22. A. If it rains, the match is cancelled. B. If it rains, the match will be cancelled.
C. if it rained, the match would be cancelled. D. If it had rained, the match would have been
cancelled.
23. Unfortunately, I dont know Philosophy, so I cant answer your question.
A. If I know Philosophy, I can answer your question.
B. If I know Philosophy, I will be able to answer your question.
C. If I knew Philosophy, I would be able to answer your question.
D. If I had known Philosophy, I would have been able to answer your question.
24. _____ there are some more ideas, we can end the meeting now.
A. If B. As if C. Unless D. In case
25. If he _____ with us now, he _____ the beauty of nature of the National Park.
A. is / can enjoy B. was / will enjoy C. has been / would enjoy D. were / could enjoy
26. If they had searched more carefully, theythe watch sooner.
A. will find B. would find C. found D. would have found
27. If I had got up early, I _____ to have breakfast now.
A. have B.I had C. would have D. would have had
28. I cannot buy a new computer _____ I save enough money.
A. if B. even if C. unless D. as if
29. Most people you meet will be polite to you _____.
A. if you are polite to them B. if you will be polite to them
C. unless you are polite to them D. if you were polite to them
II: Make conditional sentences:
1. Keep silent or youll wake the baby up.
If ....
2. Stop talking or you wont understand the lesson.
If .......
3. I dont know her number, so I dont ring her up.
........
4. I dont know the answer, so I cant tell you.
 If ...
5. We got lost because we didnt have a map.
Had ....
6. Susan felt sick because she ate four cream cakes.
..
7. Without this treatment, the patient would have died.
.....
8. He lost his job because he was late every day.
...
9. Peter is fat because he eats so many chips.
.....
10. Robert got a bad cough because he started smoking cigarettes.
....
11.If you do not like this one, Ill bring you another
Unless
12.If she does not hurry, shell be late
Unless .
13.If you are not careful, youll cut yourself
Unless
14.if you had not sneezed, he wouldnt have known that we were there.
Unless
15.We cant go out because he has to study for his exam.
=> If ..
16. She is lazy so she cant pass the exam.
=> If
17. He will pay me tonight; I will have enough money to buy a car.
=> If
18.He smokes too much; thats why he cant get rid of his cough.
=> If..
19. She is very shy, so she doesnt enjoy the party.
=> If .
20.He doesnt take any exercises. He is so unhealthy.
=> If .

III. Chia dng ng ca ng t trong ngoc

1. Im sure he wouldnt mind if we (arrive) . early.
2. We (phone) . you if we have time.
3. If I won the lottery, I (give) . you half the money.
4. It (be) .. a pity if she married Fred
5. If Im free on Saturday, I (go) .. to the mountains.
6. She (have) .. a nervous breakdown if she goes on like this.
7. I know I (feel). better if I (stop) smoking.
8. If I (be) you, I (help) him.
9. I (understand) him if he (speak) more slowly.
10. He didnt listen to the teacher. If he (listen) .. carefully, he (perform)
well in the examination
11. Hes waiting for his mother to come back from Chicago. If his mother (come)
. home, he (have) . a lot of presents.
12. He wanted to buy some Christmas presents but he couldnt. If he (afford)
.. to buy, his children (be) . very happy to greet a
new year.
13. The kitchen will look better if we (have) .. red curtains.
14. If I knew his address, I (go) .. round and see him.
15. If you (not be) . so busy, I (show) you how to play.
16. It (be) quicker if you (use) a computer.
17. If we (have) some eggs, I (make) you a cake.
18. Bring him another if he (not/like) .. this one.
19. She (be) . angry if she (hear) . this tomorrow.
20. Unless you are more careful, you (have) .. an accident.

THE END
 CHUYN 11: COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS
(DANH T M C V KHNG M C)
S tit thc hin: 02
PHN 1: L THUYT
I. COUNTABLE NOUN ( danh t m c)
- Danh t m c l danh t ch vt th, con ngi, nim ring r c th m c.
Eg: a book, 2 students, 3 dogs
Danh t m c c c hnh thc s t v s nhiu.
e.g. I have a boiled egg for breakfast.
I bought three story books yesterday.
The students in this school are very polite.
- Chng ta c th dng mo t a/an vi danh t m c s t, v danh t m c s nhiu vi mt
s t hn nh nh: some, any, many, few.
e.g. a boiled egg, an apple, a man
many children, some cakes, a few ideas
- Cch thnh lp danh t s nhiu: Hu ht cc danh t s nhiu c thnh lp bng cch thm -s: vo
sau danh t s t.
Eg: dog dogs, catcats, girl girls
Mt s trng hp khc:
Nouns Adding Examples
Nouns ending in: -s, - es buses, boxes, dresses, watches, bushes
x, -ss, -ch, -sh. -o
Nouns ending in: -o s/es pianos, zoos, tomatoes, potatoes, heroes
Nouns ending in a s boys, cats, days, monkeys,
vowel -y
Nouns ending in a change y to ies bodies, cities, countries, ladies, families
consonant -y
Nouns ending in -f/-fe change -f/-fe to -ves Leafleaves, shelfshelves, livelives,
knifeknives, wolfwolves, thiefthieves
Ngoi l: roofroofs, cliffcliffs,
handkerchief handkerchiefs
Some nouns Irregular plural footfeet, manmen, mousemice
goose geese, childchildren
datum data, crisiscrises, analysisanalyses
Some nouns Make no change fish, deer,sheep, salmon, aircraft, carp, squid
Mt s danh t ch c dang s nhiu v c dng vi ng t dng s nhiu: trousers, clothes, goods,
jeans, means, outskirts, surroundings, thanks, earnings, belongings, stairs etc.
My trousers are too tight.
The stairs are very steep.
II. UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS (Danh t khng m c)
1. Danh t khng m c l nhng danh t ch nhng cht liu, cht lng, khi nim tru tng, v
nhng vt c xem nh mt khi khng tch ri.
Eg: woolen, butter, water, rice
2. Cc danh t khng m c thng thuc mt trong cc nhm sau:
- Danh t ch nhm vt c cng cng dng:
Luggage (hnh l), clothing (qun o), machinery (my mc), makeup ( trang im), equipment (dng
c), furniture ( c), traffic, money.
- Cc danh t tru tng, cc khi nim:
advice (li khuyn), experience (kinh nghim), horror (khng khip), beauty (p), fear, courage,
hospitality, justice, confidence, health, price
(s hi), information (thng tin), courage (lng can m), help (gip ), knowledge
(kin thc), pity (lng thng hi), relief (s thanh thn), suspicion (s h nghi), work
(cng vic).
- Danh t ch cc loi cht lng: water, coffee, oil, fruit, blood, tea, milk, soup, wine
- Danh t ch cc loi cht rn: bread, cheese, gold, silver, paper, butter, meat, iron (st), glass (thy
tinh), wool (len).
- Cc loi cht kh: air, oxygen, nitrogen, steam, smoke, smog
- Cc loi ht: Rice, dirt, pepper, sand, corn, sugar, salt, wheat
- Cc ngnh khoa hc: Chemistry, physics, literature, philosophy
3. Nhng danh t khng m c lun lun s t v khng c dng vi a/ an:
I dont want (any) advice or help. I want (some) information
(Ti khng cn li khuyn hay s gip . Ti cn thng tin)
He has had no experience in this sort of work.
(Anh ra khng c kinh nghim vi cc loi cng vic ny)
4. Nhng danh t ny thng c t trc bi some, any, no, a little v.v hay bi cc danh t
nh bit (t), piece ( ming, mu), slice (lt) v.v + of
a bit/piece of news (mt mu tin), agrain of sand (mt ht ct), a pot of jam (mt h mt), a cake of
soap (mt bnh x phng), a pane of glass (mt knh), a sheet of paper (mt t giy), a drop of
oil (mt git du), a piece of advice ( mt li khuyn)
5. Mt s danh t tru tng c th c dng vi ngha c bit khi dng vi a/ an nhng ch
s t:
- a help , a relief, a knowledge + of, a dislike, a hatred, a dread, a horror, a love of
My children are a great help to me. ; A good map would be a help.
It was a relief to sit down.
He had a good knowledge of mathematics
A love of music, a hatred of violence
- a mercy/ pity/ shame ( s h thn)/ wonder ( s kinh ngc), cng c th c dng vi mnh that
c gii thiu bi it: Its a pity (that) you werent here. ; Its a shame (that) he wasnt paid.
- a fear/ fears, a hope/ hopes, a suspicion/ suspicions (s h nghi) nhng t ny c th c dng vi
mnh that c gii thiu bi there: There is a fear/ there are fears that he has been murdered.
III. COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
1. Danh t va m c va khng m c
C mt s danh t nhng va l danh t m c va l danh t khng m c, nhng ngha
khc nhau.

Noun Countable meaning Uncountable meaning

- Stone - Tng , cc -
- Glass - Ci li, cc - Thy tinh
- Coffee - Tch c ph - C ph
- Beer - Lon bia, cc bia - Bia
- Beauty - Ngi p - V p
- Hair - Si tc - Mi tc
 - Light - n - nh sng
- Noise - Ting ng - S n o
- Paper - Bi bo, t giy - Giy ( cht liu)
- Room - Cn phng - Ch trng
- Time - S ln - Thi gian
- Work - Tc phm - Cng vic
- Sport - Mn th thao - Th thao
- Painting - Bc tranh - Hi ha
- Chicken - Con g - Tht g
- Business - Doanh nghip - Vic kinh doanh
- Iron - Ci bn l - St

2. Cc T xc nh / T ch s lng dng vi danh t m c v khng m c

Dng vi Danh t m c Dng vi Danh t khng m c

(with count nouns) (with non-count nouns)

- a (an), the, some, any - the, some, any

- this, that, these, those, one,one,two,three,... - this, that
- many - much ( thng dng trong cu ph nh hoc cu hi)
- a lot of, plenty of - a lot of, plenty of
- a large number of - a large amount of
- a great number of, a great many of. - a great deal of
- few - little
- fewer ... than - less ... than
- more ... than - more ... than

PHN II: BI TP VN DNG

Exercise 1
Underline the noun in each sentence and write C or U to show whether the noun is countable
or uncountable.
1. That is a very good painting. __________
2. I dont like coffee. __________
3. I need two clean glasses. __________
4. She bought a new iron yesterday. __________
5. Theyve got plenty of coal. __________
6. Would you like some chicken? __________
7. Too much cake isnt good for you. __________
8. She ate a whole chicken. __________.
9. How much flour did you buy? __________.
10. Hope keeps me going. __________

Exercise 2: Use the correct form of the given nouns to complete the following sentences.
language party fun vegetable information
fruit money hair advice sleeve

1. We can buy fresh _______________ from the supermarket.

2. Mrs. Lee went to the travel agent for some _______________ about the tour to Japan.
3. I cant wear this shirt. The _______________ are too long.
4. How many _______________ does Jenny speak?
5. Miss Nga spends a lot of _______________ on clothes.
6. I dont know what to do. Please give me some _______________.
7. Karen has beautiful _______________.
8. We had a lot of _______________ at the party last night.
9. Susan enjoys going to _______________.
10. Alan eats a lot of _______________.
Exercise 3: Choose the correct answer.
1. She burst into _______________ (tear/ tears) when she heard the bad news.
2. Peter and Jack shake _______________ (hand/ hands) and become friends again.
3. She cant see what is written on the blackboard without her contact _______________ (len/ lens)
4. The two sisters took _______________ (turn/ turns) at sitting up with their sick mother.
5. Quite a number of _______________ (DJ/ DJs) have extended their careers to singing.
6. If you want to get well, you should take the doctors _______________ (advice/ advices).
7. Mary never does her _______________ (homework/ homeworks)
8. Johnny has lost his _______________ (luggage/ luggages).
9. The factory workers stopped working and took (a rest/ rest).
10. The children sat on the _______________ (grass/ grasses).
Exercise 4. Choose the best answer

1. I often enjoy ____ after lunch.

a. chocolates b. any chocolate c. a sheet of chocolate d. a bar of chocolate
2. The crew discovered ____ off coast.
a. a school of fishes b. school of fish c. schools of fishes d. shools of fish
3. He wrote the answer on ____ and threw it to me.
a. a pieces of paper b. a piece of paper c. piece of papers d. pieces of papers
4. They ran up the hill, seeing ____ grazing.
a. heards of cattles b. heards of cattle c. heaps of brick d. heaps of bricks
5. They demolished the old building and ___ are unloaded to build a new one.
a. a heap of brick b. heap of bricks c. heaps of brick d. heaps of bricks
6. Look! There is a ____ of ducks on the river.
a. flock b. herd c. sheet d. pile
7. He sat quietly and followed his ____ of thought.
a. train b. school c. crowd d. bar
8. It is going to rain ____ of dark clouds are gathering in the sky.
a. flocks b. herds c. masses d. crowds
9. He went to the supermarket and bought a ____ of soap.
a. cup b. tree c. bar d. sheet
10. Her parents gave her a ____ of pearls on her wedding day.
a. piece b. rope c. train d. dune

III. BI TP VN DNG THEO CHUYN

Exercise 1: Chn p n ng:
1. If you want to hear the news, you can read paper/ a paper.
2. I want to write some letters but I havent got a paper/ any paper to write on.
3. I thought there was somebody in the house because there was light/a light on inside.
4. Light/a light comes from the sun.
5. I was in a hurry this morning. I didnt have time/ a time for breakfast.
6. Did you enjoy your holiday? Yes, we had wonderful time/ a wonderful time.
7. Sue was very helpful. She gives us some very useful advice/advices.
8. We had very bad weather/a very bad weather while we were on holiday.
9. We were very unfortunate. We had bad luck/a bad luck.
10. Its very difficult to find a work/job at the moment.
Exercise 2: Hon thnh cu s dng nhng t cho di y. S dng a/an khi cn thit.
accident, biscuit, blood, coat, decision, electricity, key, letter, moment, music, question, sugar
1. It wasnt your fault. It was..
2. Listen!can you hear..?
3. I couldnt get into the house because I didnt have ..
4. Its very warm today. Why are you wearing..?
5. Do you take ..in your coffee?
6. Are you hungry? Would you like ..with your coffee?
7. Our lives would be very difficult without.
8. I didnt phone them. I wrote.instead.
9. The heart pumps through the body.
10. Excuse me, but can I ask you.?

Exercise 3: Vit sang s nhiu nhng t trong ngoc n

1. Study the next three (chapter).
2. Can you recommend some good (book)?
3. I had two (tooth) pulled out the other day.
4. You can always hear (echo) in this mountain.
5. They are proud of their (son-in-law).
6. Did you raise these (tomato) in your garden?
7. I think we need two (radio).
8. My (foot) really hurt.
9. The (roof) of these houses are tiled.
10. Get me two (loaf) of bread.
Exercise 4: Choose the best answer.
1. Not ___ teenagers spend ____ time on reading books.
a. much/ many b. many/ much c. much/ much d. many/ many
2. We need ____ money to send our son to Oxford University.
a. a large sum of b. a few of c. many d. lot of
3. John wanted to buy ____.
a. a teethbrush b. some teethbrushes c. a toothbrushes d. some toothbrushes
4. Intelligence is the ability to use thought and _____ to understand things and solve.
a. knowledges/ problems b. knowledge/ a problems
c. knowledge/ problems d. knowledges/ problem
5. ____ is bad for our ____.
a. Nicotines/ health b. Nicotine/ health c. Nicotines/ healths d. Nicotine/ healths
6. _____ used to be very expensive when they first appeared.
a. Radios b. An amount of radios c. A radios d. Raido
7. Im sorry, but the repair will take ____ time.
a. a few b. a bit of c. many d. few
8. Mr. Pike has just bought three ____.
a. ox b. oxes c. oxen d. oxens
9. She teaches ____ and does not have much time for her own ____.
a. a couple of classes/ researchs b. a lot of classes/ research
c. many classes/ researches d. a great deal of classes/ research
10. ____ imported last year.
a. A small number of cars were b. The number of cars were
c. An amount of cars were d. A small number of car was

PHN 4: BI TP V NH
Exercise 1. Xp cc danh t sau vo 2 ct m c v khng m c:
people, water, car, dog, tea, apple, smoke, class, beer, soup, doctor, butter, cheese,
house, housework, pen, cup, bread, happiness, bus, sugar, map, help, information, book,
news, orange, window, advice, boy.

COUNTABLE NOUNS UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

Exercise 2. in thm a little v a few vo ch trng:

1. I have _________ sugar.
2. My sister has ________ ancient coins.
3. There is _________ coffee in my cup.
4. There are _________ books on the table.
5. Give me _________ time.
6. He needs _________ minutes to finish the test.
7. Weve got _________ valuable pictures.
8. She only eats _________ meat.
Exercise 3 : Choose a,b,c,d that best completes the sentence.
1. Peter never feels lonely. He has got ____ friends.
a. much b. so much c. many d. a great deal of
2. Mr. Pike lived with his three ____ in the countryside.
a. child b. childs c. children d. childrens
3. My mother needs ___ milk to make a cake.
a. a b. some c. any d. many
4. How ___ apples are there in the basket?
a. many b. much c. some d. any
5. I would like to buy ____.
a. a shoes b. a pair of shoes c. the number of shoes d. a little shoes
6. Lets have a break. Would you like to have ____ coffee?
a. any b. many c. little d. some
7. Look! There are___ left over there.
a. a little b. much seats c. many seat d. a few seats
8. ____ necessary.
a. a lot of information are b. some information are
c. all the information is d. many of the informations are
9. He was not offered the job because he knew ___ about Information Technology.
a. a little b. little c. many d. a few
10. She keeps ___ in the cupboard.
a. all rice b. a lot of rices c. several rice d. many rice
11. There are not ___ in that classroom.
a. any student b. a lot of student c. a great deal of student d. many students
12. There is not ___ when they get older.
a. some moneys b. a few money c. much money d. many money
13. People have ___ when they get older.
a. much cells b. fewer cells c. few cell d. plenty of cell
14. He still finds time for ____ by cooking candlelit dinners for his girlfriend.
a. several romances b. romance c. many romances d. a few romance
15. I can not work because ____
a. there are too many noises b. there is too much noise c. of some noises d. of a number of noise
16. In Britain, there are ___
a. fewer men than women b. fewer mens than womans
c. to much men d. too much women
17. I think she was merely looking for ____
a. happiness b. some happiness c. many happiness d. a few happiness
18. ____ an imitation of life.
a. Art is often called b. Arts are often called
c. An amount of arts are often called d. As sum of art is often called
19. I am in trouble. Would you mind giving me ____?
a. a few advice b. some advice c. advices d. several advices
20. They have made ___ before the Games starts next month.
a. a lot of preparation b. lots of preparation c. lot of preparations d. a lot of preparations
Exercise 4: What is the correct plural of the word?
1. These (person) ---------------are protesting against the president.
2. The (woman) ---------------over there want to meet the manager.
3. My (child) --------------- hate eating pasta.
4. I am ill. My (foot) --------------- hurt.
5. Muslims kill (sheep) ---------------in a religious celebration.
6. I clean my (tooth) --------------- three times a day.
7. The (student ) --------------- are doing the exercise right now.
8. The (fish) --------------- I bought is in the fridge.
9. They are sending some (man) --------------- to fix the roof.
10. Most (houswife) --------------- work more than ten hours a day at home.
11. Where did you put the (knife) ?-----------------On the (shelf)-------------- .
12. (Goose) --------------- like water.
13. (Piano) ---------------are expensive
14. Some (policeman) --------------- came to arrest him.
15. Where is my (luggage) --------------- ? In the car!

THE END
 CHUYN 12. ARTICLES (MO T)
S tit thc hin: 03

PHN 1: L THUYT
Mo t v one (mt), a little/ a few (mt t/ mt vi).
A. Mo t bt nh a/an (The indefinite article).
+ Hnh thc a c dng trc mt t bt u bng mt ph m, hay mt nguyn m c m l ph m.
V d: a man (mt ngi n ng)
a hat (mt ci nn)
a university (mt trng i hc)
a European (mt ngi chu u)
a one way street (mt con ng mt chiu)
+ Hnh thc an c dng trc nhng t bt u bng mt nguyn m.
an apple (mt tri to)
an island (mt hn o)
an uncle (mt ng ch),
an egg (mt qu trng)
an onion (mt c hnh)
an hour (mt gi ng h)
+ Hay bng cc mu t c bit c c nh mt nguyn m an L-plate (mt tm bng gn xe tp
li)
an MP (mt qun cnh)
an SOS (mt tn hiu cp cu)
an X (mt ch X).
+ A/An c hnh thc ging nhau tt c cc ging.
a man (mt ngi n ng), a woman (mt ph n)
an actor (mt nam din vin), an actress (mt n din vin)
a table (mt ci bn).
I. Cch dng A/An
A/An c dng:
1. Trc mt danh t s t c th m c nh danh t c cp ln u v khng tng
trng cho ngi hay vt c bit no.
I need a visa (Ti cn mt chiu khn-visa).
They live in a flat (H sng trong mt cn h).
He bought an ice-cream (Anh ta mua mt cy kem).
2. Trc mt danh t s t c th m c m danh t c dng ch chung mt loi vt.
A car must be insured = All cars/ any car must be insured. (Xe hi phi c bo him).
A child needs love = All children need/ Any child needs love. (Tr em cn s yu thng).
3. Vi mt danh t lm b tc t, bao gm chc danh ca cc ngh nghip.
It was an earthquake. ( l mt trn ng t).
Shell be a dancer. (C ta s l mt din vin ma).
He is an actor. (Anh ta l mt din vin).
4. Trong mt s thnh ng ch s lng.
a lot of (nhiu), a couple (mt cp/ i), a great many (nhiu), a dozen (mt t) [dng one dozen cng
c], a great deal of (nhiu).
5. Vi nhng s nht nh.
- a hundred (mt trm), a thousand (mt ngn).
- Trc half (na, ri) khi half theo sau mt s nguyn vn. kilos = one and half kilos hay a kilo and
a half (mt k ri).
- Nhng kg = half a kilo (na k) [khng c a trc half]; mc d i khi vn dng a + half + danh
t: a half- holiday (ngy l ngh na ngy) a half-portion (na phn); a half-share (na c phn).
- Vi 1/3, , 1/5 v.v a cng thng c dng: a third = 1/3, a quarter = v.v nhng nu dng one
cng c.
6. Trong cc thnh ng ch gi c, tc , t l v.v:
5 p a kilo (5 xu mt k)
1 a metre (1 bng 1 mt)
sixty kilometres an hour (su mi ki l mt mt gi)
10 p a dozen (10 xu mt t)
four times a day (mt ngy bn ln).
Vi ngha trn a/an = per (mi).
7. Trc cc danh t s t m c trong cc cu cm thn.
Such a long queue! (Mt hng di kinh khng!).
What a pretty girl! (Mt c gi d thng lm sao!)
Nhng: Such long queues! (Nhng hng di kinh khng!)
What pretty girls! (Nhng c gi d thng lm sao!)
8. a c th c t trc Mr/ Mrs/ Miss + h.
a Mr Smith, a Mrs Smith, a Miss Smith, a Mr Smith c ngha l mt ngi n ng tn l Smith v
ng ng ta l mt ngi l i vi ngi ni.
Nu ni Mr Smith (khng c a) th li ng ngi ni bit ng Smith.
II. Vic b a/ an A/an:
1. ng trc danh t s nhiu.
A/an khng c hnh thc s nhiu. V th s nhiu ca a dog l dogs v ca an egg (mt qu trng) l
eggs (nhng qu trng).
2. ng trc danh t khng m c.
3. ng trc tn gi cc ba n tr trng hp c tnh t ng trc cc tn gi . We have
breakfast at eight. (Chng ti dng ba im tm lc tm gi.)
He gave us a good breakfast. (ng ta cho chng ti mt ba im tm ngon).
Mt vi lu A/an v One
A/an v one dng nh tnh t (adjective)
Chng ta c th dng c a/an ln one cho s t m hay o lng thi gian, khong cch, trng
lng 1 = a/ one pound (mt bng Anh). 1,000,000 = a/ one million pounds (mt triu bng Anh)
(Xem chng 36).
+ Nhng lu trong cu sau:
The rent is 100 a week. (Tin thu nh l 100 bng mt tun). th a ng trc week khng c thay
th bng one.
+ Trong mt s kiu cu th a/ an v one khng th thay th cho nhau c, bi v one + danh t thng
c ngha l mt cn a/ an khng c ngha ny.
A shotgun is no good. (Mt khu sng sn khng thch hp).
One shotgun is no good.(Mt khu sng sn cha ).
A little/ a few (mt t/ mt vi) v little/ few (t)
a little/ little (tnh t) c dng trc danh t khng m c.
a little salt/ little salt (mt t mui/ t mui)
a few/ few (tnh t) c dng trc danh t s nhiu.
a few people/ few people (mt vi ngi/ t ngi).
Tt c bn hnh thc trn u c th c dng nh i t, dng mt mnh hay i vi of.
Ex : Sugar? A little, please. (ng ch? Cho xin mt t). Only a few of these are any good. (Ch c
mt vi ci trong s ny l tt thi).
A little dng ch mt s lng nh hay nhng g m ngi ni xem nh l mt s lng nh.
A few l mt s m nh hay nhng g m ngi ni xem nh l mt s m nh. Only t trc a
little/ a few nhn mnh s lng hay s m tht s kh nh theo quan nim ca ngi ni.
Only a few of our customers have accounts. (Ch mt vi khch hng ca chng ti l c ti khon).
B. Mo t xc nh the (the definite article).
1. The c dng cho c s t, s nhiu v tt c cc ging.
The boy (cu con trai), the girl (c gi) The boys (cc cu con trai), the girls (cc c gi) The days
(nhng ngy)
2. Cch dng:
+ Khi vt th hay nhm vt th l duy nht hay c xem l duy nht.
the earth (tri t), the sea (bin), the sky (bu tri), the equator (xch o), the stars (nhng v sao).
+ Trc mt danh t m n tr nn xc nh khi c cp ln th hai.
His car struck a tree, you can still see the mark on the tree. (Xe anh ta ng mt ci cy, bn vn cn
c th thy du vt trn ci cy ).
+ Trc mt danh t c xc nh bng vic thm mt cm t hay mt mnh . The girl in blue
(C gi trong b xanh).
The man with the banner (Ngi n ng vi tm biu ng).
The boy that I met (Cu b m ti gp).
The place where I met him (Ni m ti gp anh ta).
+ Trc mt danh t ng ch mt vt ring bit.
Ann is in the garden (Ann trong vn) [vn nh ny].
Please pass the wine (Lm n a chai ru)
+Trc so snh cc cp v first (th nht), second (th hai) c dng nh tnh t hay i t v only
(duy nht). The firt (week) (tun th nht). The best day (ngy tt nht). The only way (cch tt nht).
+ The + danh t s t tng trng cho mt loi th vt hay vt.
The whale is in danger of becoming extinct. (C voi ang trong nguy c b tuyt chng).
The deep-free has made life easier for housewives. (Thc n ng lnh nhanh d lm cho cc b ni tr
c cuc sng d dng hn).
+ The c th dng trc mt thnh vin ca mt nhm ngi xc nh.
The small shopkeeper is the finding life increasingly difficult. (Gii ch tim nh thy i sng ngy
cng kh khn).
+ The + danh t s t c dng trc mt ng t s t. i t l he, she hay it.
The first class traveller pays more so he expects some comfort (Khch du lch hng nht tr nhiu tin
hn nn h mong c thoi mi).
+ The + tnh t tng trng cho mt nhm ngi
The old = old people (ngi gi)
+ The dng trc mt s danh t ring ch bin, sng, qun o, dy ni, nhng tn gi s nhiu ca
cc nc. sa mc, min.
The Atlantic (i ty dng), The Netherlands (H Lan) The Thames (Sng Themes), The Sahara (Sa
mc Sahara). The Azores (ni Azores), The Crimea (vng Crimea). The Alps (ni Alps), The Riviera
(min Riviera). V trc nhng tn gi nht nh khc. The City (thnh ph), the Mall (khu Mall), the
Sudan (Sudan). The Hague (Cng Hague), the Srand (ph Strand), the Yemen (Y--men).
+ The cng c dng trc nhng tn gi gm danh t + of + danh t
The Bay of Biscay (Vnh Biscay), the Gulf of Mexico (Vnh Mexico), the Cape of Good Hope (mi Ho
vng), the United States of America (Hip chng quc Hoa K).
+ The cng c dng trc nhng tn gi bao gm tnh t + danh t (min l cc tnh t khng
phi east (ng), west (ty)). The Arabian Gulf (Vnh Rp), the New Forest (rng New Forest),
The High Street (xa l).
+ The c dng trc nhng tnh t nh east/west v.v + danh t trong nhng tn gi nht nh: The
East/West End (Vin ng, Vin Ty). The East/West Indies (ng n, Ty n). The North/South pole
(Bc cc, Nam cc). Nhng thng c b : South Africa (Nam Phi), North America (Bc M).
West Germany (Ty c). - Tuy nhin the c dng trc east/west v.v khi cc t ny l danh t:
The north of Spain (Bc Ty Ban Nha). The Middle East (Trung ng). The West (phng Ty). - Hy
so snh Go north (trng t) (i v hng Bc) vi He lives in the north (danh t) (Anh ta sng min
Bc).
+ The c dng trc nhng tn gi ring bao gm tnh t + danh t hay danh t + of + danh t
The National Gallery (Nh trng by m thut Quc gia). The Tower of London ( Thp London). The
cng c dng trc nhng tn gi i hp xng, dn nhc, ban nhc v.v The Bach Choir (i hp
xng Bach). The Philadelphia Orchestra (Dn nhc Philadelphia). The Beatles (Ban nhc Beatles). V
trc tn gi cc t bo nh The Times (Thi bo).V cc tn con tu nh: the Great Britain (tu Great
Britain).
+The vi cc tn gi ngi c dng gii hn.
The + h s nhiu c dng vi ngha gia nh The Smiths = Mr and Mrs Smith (and the
children). (gia nh Smith).
+ The + tn gi s t + mnh /cm t c th dng phn bit mt ngi ny vi ngi khc c
cng tn.
We have two Smiths. Which do you want? I want the Mr Smith who signed this letter. (Chng ti c hai
ng Smith. Anh cn gp ngi no? Ti cn gp ng Smith k l th ny).
3. Khng dng thetrong cc trng hp sau:
+Trc nhng tn gi cc ni chn tr nhng ni ni trn hay trc tn gi ca ngi.
+ Trc nhng danh t tru tng tr khi nhng danh t c dng vi ngha c bit.
Men fear death (con ngi s ci cht).
Nhng: The death of the Prime Minister his party without a leader. (Ci cht ca v Th tng li
cho ng ca ng khng ngi lnh o).
+ Sau mt danh t s hu cch (possessive case), hay sau mt tnh t s hu (possessive adjective).
The boys uncle = the uncle of the boy. (Ch ca cu b). It is my (blue) book = the (blue) book is mine.
(Cun sch (mu xanh) l ca ti).
+ Trc tn gi cc ba n
The Scots have porridge for breakfast. (Gia nh Scot dng cho yn mch cho ba im tm). Nhng:
The wedding breakfast was held in her fathers house. (Ba tic sng ca m ci c t chc ti nh
ca cha c y).
+Trc tn gi cc mn chi: He plays golf (Anh ta chi gn).
+ Trc cc b phn c th v cc th qun o khi nhng th ny c dng vi mt tnh t s hu.
Lu
Trong mt s ngn ng u chu, mo t xc nh c dng trc nhng danh t s nhiu xc nh
nhng trong ting Anh th the li khng bao gi c dng theo cch ny:
Women are expected to like babies. (Ph n c xem l thch tr em).
Big hotels all over the world are very much the same. (Cc khch sn ln trn th gii u ging nhau
rt nhiu).
Nu chng ta t the trc women v d u th c ngha l chng ta m ch mt nhm ph n ring
bit no.
+ Vic b The trc home (nh), church (nh th), hospital (bnh vin), prison (nh t), school (trng
hc) v.v v trc work (cng vic), sea (bin) v town (th x). + The khng c dng trc nhng
danh t nu trn khi ngi ta n nhng ni ny vi mc ch ring bit (bed, church, court (ta n),
hospital, prison, school / college / university (i hc)vi mc ch khng chnh).
Khi nhng ni ny ch dng thm ving hay nhng l do khc th cn thit phi c the:
I went to the church to see the stained glass. (Ti i n nh th xem knh mu). He goes to the
prison sometimes to give lectures. (Thnh thong ng ta n khm ng ni chuyn).
+ go the sea (i bin) nh nhng thy th, at sea ( trn bin) nh mt chuyn hi hnh. Nhng at
the sea th li c ngha l sng gn bin.
+ Work (ch lm) v office (c quan, vn phng)
Work = (place of work) (ch lm vic) c dng khng c the: Hes on his way to work (Anh ta trn
ng n ch lm). He is at work. (Anh ta ch lm). He isnt back from work yet (Anh ta cha i
lm v).
Lu
- at work cn c ngha l lm vic hard at work = working hard (lm vic vt v). Hes hard at work
on a new picture. (Anh ta chm ch v mt bc tranh mi).
- office = (place of work) (c quan vn phng) th cn the: He is at / in the office (Anh ta ti / trong
vn phng).
- to be in office (khng c the) c ngha l gi mt chc v (thng l chnh tr), To be out of office =
to be no longer in power (khng cn quyn hnh na). E. Town (ph, th x).

PHN 2: BI TP P DNG
I.in a,an vo ch trng thch hp
1. The speed limit on this highway is sixty five miles..hour.
2. Lan here costs $30.000..acre.
3. This gold chain sells for $40.000..inch.
4. Workers in this company work forty hours..week.
5. When I was in college, I had a job that paid $1.60..hour.
6. Gold used to sell for thirty- five dollars..ounce.
7. I feel my dog twice..day.

II. Bi tp p dng: in the, vo ch trng ph hp.

1. My father comes home from work at five oclock in..afternoon.
2. In..morning, I am often awakened by birds singing.
3. The stars appear in the sky at..night.
4. My parents like to read inevening.
5. Even fish sleep at..night.
6. The doctor treated a patientpatient got well.
7. I planted a garden..garden grew.
8. The mailman put some letters in the boxletters were for me.
9. Robert wrote a book..book was a textbook.
10. I caught a train in Nha Trang, but I was late becausetrain broke down.
III. in a/an hoc the:
1. This morning I bought.newspaper and .magazine. .newspaper is in my bag but I dont
know where I put..magazine.
2. I saw accident this morning. car crashed into ..tree. driver of car wasnt hurt
but ..car was badly damaged.
3. There are two cars parked outside:..blue one and .grey one. ..blue one belongs to my
neighbors. I dont know who .. owner of..grey one is.
4. My friends live in.old house insmall village. There is .beautiful garden behind
..house. I would like to havegarden like this.
5. This house is very nice. Has it got .garden?
6. Its a beautiful day. Lets sit in..garden.
7. Can you recommend ..good restaurant?
8. We had dinner in.most expensive restaurant in town.
9. There isnt .airport near where I live. .nearest airport is 70 miles away.
10. Are you going away next week? - No, ..week after next

PHN 3: BI TP VN DNG CHUYN

Exercise 1: Put a, an, the or in each space to complete the following sentences.
1. We went by ...... train to the west of England.
2. ....... people who live in........ Scotland are called ......... Scots.
3. ........ Columbus was one of ......... first people to cross .......... Atlantic.
4. Davis learned to play ....... violin when he was at .......... university.
5. Did you read ............. book I lent you ...........last week.
6. Is that .......... present Bill gave you for ........ Christmas?
7. ........... computer has already changed .............. our lives dramatically.
8. There was ........ accident yesterday at ......... corner of ........... street.
9. I need........... time to think about ........... offer you gave me.
10. ........... little knowledge is ............... dangerous things.

Exercise 2: Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences.

1. Did they climb.?
A. the Rocky mountains B. Rocky mountains
C. a Rocky mountains D. A &C are correct
2. is famous for small beautiful islands.
A. the Philippines B. Philippines C. the Philippine D. all are wrong
3. Your first stop in .. United States is in .San Francisco
A. a / the B. the/ a C. the/ no article D. the/ the
4. Did they drive along.?
A. the Pacific Coast B. Pacific coast
C. Coast of Pacific D. A &C are correct
5. They went to last year.
A. the New Zealand B. the New Zealands
C. New Zealand D. all are wrong
6. Are you interested in climbing..
A. Mount Phu Si B. the Phu Si
C. the Phu Si mount D. the Mount of Phu Si
7. My brother is studying at ..........Quy Nhon College.
A.a B. the C. an D.
8. My sister often goes to by bus.
A.a B. the C. an D.
9. Have you ever visited ..?
A. the Da Nang University B. Da Nang University
C. University Da Nang D. University of Da Nang
10. She lives on
A. Tran Phu Street B. the Tran Phu Street
C. Street Tran Phu D. Street of Tran Phu
11. They went to .. last year.
A. Netherlands B. Netherland C. the Netherlands D. a Netherland
12. They took a boat trip on
A. The Mekong B. Mekong C. Mekong River D. River Mekong
13. We rowed our boat around ..
A. West Lake B. the West Lake C. Lake West D. Lake of West
14. A man and a woman were standing outside my house. ..man looked English but I
think..woman was Asia.
A. the/a B. a/the C. a/a D. the/the
15. For breakfast I had..sandwich and..apple. The sandwich wasnt very nice.
A. the/an B. a/the C. a/an D. the/the
16. What is..longest river in..world?
A. the/a B/ a/the C. a/a D. the/the
17. We often watch..television.
A. the B. a C. an D.
18. .rose is my favorite color.
A. a B. an C. the D.
19. Tom is very kind boy.
A. an B. a C. the D.
20. She is ..most intelligent student in my class.
A. an B. a C. the D.
21. What do you often have for ..dinner?
A. an B. a C. the D.
22. How often do you go to .school?
A. an B. a C. the D.
23. Kon Tum is famous for honey in Ngoc Linh Mount.
A. the/a B. a/the C. the/ the D. /
24. My father goes to work by bus. He often catches . last one to come home.
A. the/a B. a/the C. no article/ the D. /
25. She isnt ..first person I love but .last woman I choose to get married.
A. the/a B. a/the C. the/ the D. /
26. I don't like stay at .......... hotels, but last summer we spent a few days at .......... very nice hotel by .....
sea.
A. the/a/ the B. a/the/ the C. /the/ the D. / / the
27. ....tennis is my favourite sport. I play once or twice ......... week if I can, but I'm not ...... very good
player.
A. /the/ the B. /the/ the C. a/ / the D. / a/ a
28. I won't be home for ........ dinner this evening. I'm meeting some friends after ...... work and we're
going to ........ cinema.
A. the/a/ the B. a/the/ the C. /the/ the D. / the
29. .......... unemployment is increasing at the moment and it's getting difficult for ........ to find .......
work.
A. / B. /the/ the C. a/ / the D. / a/ a
30. There was..... accident as I was going ..... home last night. Two people were taken to....... hospital. I
think ...... most accidents are caused by .........people driving too fast.
A. the/a/ the/ / B. / an/the/ the
C. an the/ D. an/ / / /

PHN 4: BI TP V NH
Exercise 1. Put "an", "a", "the" and nothing.
1. My birthday is _____ Sunday afternoon.
2. It doesn't often snow here at _____ Christmas. We haven't had _____ White Christmas for many
years.
3. We came here in _____ summer of _____ 1969.
4. _____ Thanks giving is in _____ November. The Church of England dates from _____ year 1534. I
like driving at _____ night. The roads are quite. Oh, I don't like driving in _____ park. I'd rather travel
during _____ day.
5. - Are you doing anything at _____ weekend? - I don't think so.
- Well, come over on _____ Sunday.
6. _____ meals we had weren't very good. We had _____ breakfast in the hotel and that wasn't too bad.
We usually went out for _____ lunch because _____ lunch they served in the hotel was always the same
_____ dinner we had in our first evening was pretty a few, so we tried a few restaurants. On our last
evening we had _____ marvelous dinner in a Chinese restaurant, but that was an exception.
7. Rita plays _____ violin and her sister plays _____ guitar.
8. On our trip to _____ Spain, we crossed _____ Atlantic Ocean. 9. David attended _____ Princeton
University.
10. _____ Florida State University is smaller than _____ University of Florida.
11. _____ chair that you are sitting in is broken.
12. _____ Civil War was fought in _____ United States between 1861 and 1865.
13. _____ big books on _____ table are for my history class.
Exercise 2. Write a or an in the space
1. _____ unreasonable decision
2. _____ universal problem
3. _____ unit of work.
4. _____ eucalyptus tree
5. _____ honorable man.
6. _____ X- ray
7. _____ UFO.
8. _____ T shirt
9. _____ happy girl
10. _____ H-bomb
11. _____ elephant
12. _____ hospital
13. _____ BBC programme
14. _____ UNESCO worker
Exercise 3. Put in a, an or some or leave a space.
1. Have you got _____ camera?
2. Would you like to be _____ actor.
3. Bill's got _____ big feet.
4. Do you collect _____ stamps?
5. Tom always gives Ann _____ flowers on her birthday.
6. Those are _____ really nice trousers. Where did you get them?
7. What _____ beautiful garden!
8. What _____ lovely children!
9. _____ birds, for example the penguin, cannot fly.
10. Jack has got _____ very long legs, so he's _____ fast runner.
11. You need _____ visa to visit _____ foreign countries, but not all of them.
12. I'm going shopping. I'm going to get _____ new clothes.
13. Jane is _____ teacher. Her parents were _____ teachers too.
14. When we reached the city centre, _____ shops were still open but most of them were already closed.
15. Do you enjoy going to _____ concerts?
16. When I was _____ child, I used to be very shy.
Exercise 4. Put suitable articles into blanks.
1. John is _____ teacher. He's teaching in _____ school in London. Every morning, he gets up at 7
o'clock, has _____ breakfast and _____ cup of _____ coffee. Then he goes to work by bus. He has
_____ lunch at _____ restaurant (near _____ school). In the afternoon he works until 5 or 5.30 and then
goes _____ home. He doesn't work on _____ Saturday or Sunday. He goes to _____ cinema or theatre.
John has _____ sister in Oxford and _____ brother in _____ London.
2. There are millions of stars in _____ space.
3. I'm going away at _____ end of this month.
4. The sun is _____ star.
5. What did you have for _____ breakfast?
6. Have you got _____ car?
7. How much are those potatoes? 1.20 _____ kilo.
8. Can you think _____ rich should pay more taxes to help _____ poor?
Exercise 5. Put suitable articles into blanks if necessary.
1. After _______ lunch, we went for _______ wall by _______ sea.
2. Don't sit on _______ ground. It's wet.
3. On _______ Sunday my father stay in _______ bed till ten o'clock reading _______ Sunday paper.
4. He's got _______ job in _______ South and spent _______ next two years doing _______ work he
really enjoyed.
5. My mother goes to _______ church in _______ morning and in _______ afternoon goes to visit
_______ friends.
6. _______ post man's little boy says that he'd rather be _______ dentist than _______ doctor because
_______ dentists don't get called out at _______ night.
7. This morning I bought _______ newspaper and _______ magazine _______ newspaper is in my bag,
but I don't know where _______ magazine is.
8. My parents have _______ cat and _______ dog. _______ dog never bites _______ cat, but _______
cat often scratched _______ dog.
9. We live in _______ old house in _______ middle of town. There is _______ garden behind _______
house. _______ roof of _______ house is in bad condition.

THE END
CHUYN 13: INVERSIONS
(CU TRC O NG)
S tit thc hin: 03

PHN 1: L THUYT

Cu trc thng thng ca 1 cu l :ch t ng trc ng t ,nhng c trng hp ngc li: ng t

li ng trc ch t .Trong trng hp ny ngi ta gi l o ng
o ng c s dng trong nhiu trng hp, thng dng nht l trong cu trc cu hi
V d:
He is nice
=> Is he nice ?
V hnh thc o ng c th chia lm 2 loi:
1) o ng nh cu hi
L hnh thc em ng t c bit (hoc tr ng t )ra trc ch t.
khi no dng o ng nh cu hi ?
+ khi gp cc yu t ph nh u cu
( not , no, hardly, little, never, seldom , few, only, rarely .....)
V d::
I never go to school late
Ch never bnh thng nm trong cu th khng c chuyn g xy ra, nhng khi em n ra u cu th
s c o ng.
Never do I go to school late
Seldom/hardly/barely/sacarely+ vaux+ s + v : (Him khi m, chng bao gi)
Hardly does she come home late
(c ta him khi v nh mun)

Php o ng cp 1 s kin lin sau s kin khc :

Hardly
Barely + had + S + PII + when + Clause (Simple past)
Scarcely Va mi th

No sooner + had + S + PII + than + Clause (Simple past)

Eg : As soon as the train had left when there was an explosion. No sooner had the train left than
there was an explosion.
No sooner had she graduated from the university than she got married.

Php o ng thc hin vi cc trng t thi gian c ONLY ng u cu :

ONLY AFTER + N/Ving/clause + Vaux + S + V : Ch sau khi
Only after lunch can you play. (You can play only after lunch.)
ONLY BY + N/Ving + Vaux + S + V: Ch bng cch
Only by guessing can you solve this puzzle. (You can solve this puzzle only by guessing
ONLY IF clause + Vaux + S + V: Ch khi, nu
Only if everybody agreed would I accept this position. (I would accept this position only if everybody
agreed.)
ONLY IN THIS/THAT WAY + Vaux + S + V: Ch bng cch ny/
Only in this way does this machine work. (This machine works only in this way.)
ONLY THEN + Vaux + S + V: Ch n lc
Only then did they discover his secret. (They discovered his secret only then.)
ONLY WHEN + clause + Vaux + S + V: Ch n khi
Only when he needed some help did he call me. (He called me only when he needed help.)
Only when I filled my glass did I notice that it was broken. (I noticed that my glass was broken only
when I filled it.)
ONLY WHEN c th c thay th bng NOT UNTIL
Not until I filled my glass did I notice that it was broken. (I didnt notice that my glass was broken until
I filled it.)
Nu ng sau ONLY l ch ng nm u cu th khng c o ng. V d
Only you can understand. (no one else can understand)

In / Under no circumstances= In no way : D trong bt c hon cnh no cng khng.

For no reason at all
On no/any account=on no/any condition : khng v bt c l do g
At no time : Never
No where : Khng u
By no means : Hon ton khng
ADV + AUXILIARY VERB (Khng nh ) + S + V

Eg : You shouldnt phone the police under any circumstances.

Under no circumstances should you phone the police.
You must touch this button at any time. At no time must you touch this button.
You wont see such a beautiful girl any where. Nowhere will you see such a beautiful girl.
For no reason at all did the murderer kill Mr. John .
In no way could I agree with you.
By no means does he intend to criticize your idea.
 No longer + Inversion : Khng cn na
No more

Eg : I dont love him any longer. No longer do I love him.

Not until + N + Vaux + S + V : mi cho ti khi no
Not until the early 1960s did man fly into space
( mi cho ti thp nin 1960 th con ngi mi bay vo v tr)
Not until+a clause+vaux+S+V:mi cho ti khi vic g xy ra th.
Lun thc hin php o v 2 ca cu.
EX: Not until the rain stopped could they go out for dinner
( mi cho n khi tri tnh ma th h mi i n ti)
+ khi c cc ch sau u cu
so, such, often, much, many, many a, tnh t
He read many books yesterday.
Many books did he read yesterday ( o many ra u )
The trees are beautiful in their colors.
Beautiful are the trees in their autumn colors (o tnh t ra u)
The days when we lived in poverty are gone .( gone l tnh t)
Gone are the days when we lived in poverty. ( o gone ra u)
The doctor was so angry that he went away.
=> So angry was the doctor that .....( so + adj + be + S + that + clause)
So nice a girl was she that .... ( so + adj + a N +be + S + that + clause )
Such a noise was there that I couldnt work
Many a time has he helped me with my experiment
ADJ + AS = ALTHOUGH
Eg : Although science has accomplished much in this century, theres still more to be done.
Much as science has accomplished in this century, theres still more to be done.
Although advertisements are different, they share the same purpose.
Different as advertisements are, they share the same purpose.

2) o ng nguyn ng t

L hnh thc em nguyn ng t ra trc ch t (khng cn mn tr ng t )

- Khi no dng o ng loi ny ?
Khi c cm trng t ch ni chn u cu :
on the ...., in the.... , here, there, out, off...
V d: His house stands at the foot of the hill
-> At the foot of the hill stands his house .(em nguyn ng t stands ra trc ch t )
The bus came there
-> There came the bus(em nguyn ng t came ra ,khng mn tr ng t did)
lu :trong cch ny ch ng phi l danh t th mi o ng c, i t khng o ng
V d: Here came the bus
Nhng ch t l i t th khng c
Here it came (khng o came ra trc )

***CC DNG O NG KHC

Mnh bt u vi P2
Located between my house and school is the garden
( nm gia nh v trng l 1 ci vn)
Mnh bt u vi Comparative
Bigger than London is New york
(Ln hn london l Newyork )
Mnh bt u vi ing
Coming in last in race was Joe
( bc vo cui cng trong u trng l Joe )
Cch ni lp li ,dng so, nor, neither
He has finished his work, so have I.
You cant do it, nor can I.
Note :- nu ch ng l ging nhau , pha sau din t ng th ng l nh vy th khng o .
It is fine today, so it is.

3) o ng trong cu iu kin
Loi 1: Should+ S +V+.main clause
Should it rain tomorrow , I wont go to school
Should you not call me tonight, I will be very sad
Loi 2
B1.Tobe: Were+ S +(not) .+ main clause
Were I you , Id die
B2.Verb: Were+ S+ (not) to do main clause
Were I not to get bad mark, my parents wouldnt be sad
Loi 3: Had+ S + P2+..+ main clause

PHN 2: BI TP VN DNG
I. Choose the most suitable words underlined.
1. Rarely ____ she made mistake since she was a manager.
A. have B. has C. is D. are
2. _____ the truth, she wouldnt have given Mark the money.
A. She had known B. She has know C. Had she known D. Has she known
3. So beautiful _____ that the Queen is envious with her.
A. Snow White is B. Snow White are C. is Snow White D. are Snow White
4. Never _____ in such a strange situation.
A. has I been B. have I been C. am I been D. I have been
5. Seldom _____ dinner together.
A. do Mark and Juliet have B. does Mark and Juliet have
C. is Mark and Juliet have D. are Mark and Juliet have
6. Hardly _____ his wife presents on her birthday.
A. did James given B. does James gave C. had James given D. do James give
7. Scarcely _____, the rain became much more heavier.
A. have I come in B. had I come in C. I have come in D. I came in
8. Only then ____ the letter from my son.
A. do I receive B. did I receive C. have I received D. has I received
9. No sooner ____ , than Mary came over.
A. have John gone out B. had John gone out C. has John gone out D. John has gone out
10. So frightened _____ the film that I couldnt sleep yesterday.
A. is B. are C. was D. have
11. No sooner had I reached home __________the telephone rang.
A) than B) when C) then D) immediately
12. ________ that you were in hospital, I would certainly have visited you there.
A) I had known B) Had I known C) If I knew D) Knowing
13. ___________ left the building, when the bomb went off.
A) Hardly have we B) If we C) Hardly had we D) Hardly we had
14. Under no circumstances ____________any compromise.
A) there can be B) which they can C) like they are D) can there be
15. Only from that student ___________ the truth.
A) could I understand B) I understand C) I understand that D) I could understand
16. ________ else can there be a woman like this, so everybody admires her.
A) Anywhere B) Somewhere C) Where D) Nowhere
17. At no time ___________ the office without getting permission from my boss.
A) I left B) I didnt leave C) did I leave D) did they
18. Not until the thief left the house, _________him although they were at home.
A) they noticed B) they didnt notice C) didnt they notice D) did they notice
19. __________ lost in the market, the staff of the shop will help him.
A) Were the boy to get B) The little boy gets C) Should the little boy get D) The little boy
should
20). Never __________any doubt about the matter.
A) there hasnt been B) hasnt there been C) there has been D) has there been

II. Rewrite each of the following sentences with the given words in such a way that it means the
same as the sentence printed above it.
1. He spent all his money. He even borrowed some from me.
a. Not only_______________________________________________________
2. He had hardly left the office when the telephone rang.
No sooner _____________________________________________________
3. I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back.
Hardly _______________________________________________________
4. He didnt finish his work until the bell rang.
Not until ______________________________________________________
5. We only began to see the symptoms of the disease after several months.
Only _________________________________________________________
6. I have never seen anyone in my life drink as much as you.
Never ________________________________________________________
7. A sleeping dog was lying under the table.
Under the table _________________________________________________
8. His brother had rarely been more excited.
a. Rarely_________________________________________________________
9. The facts were not all made public until later.
a. Only__________________________________________________________
10. If I had realized what would happen, I wouldnt have accepted the job.
a. Had___________________________________________________________
11. The response to our appeal was so great that we have to take on more staff.
Such__________________________________________________________
12. Harry broke his leg, and also injured his shoulder.
a. Not only ______________________________________________________
13. The police didnt at all suspect that the judge was the murderer.
Little _________________________________________________________
14. If you do happen to see Helen, could you ask her to call me?
a. Should________________________________________________________
15. The bus driver can not be blamed for the accident in any way.
In ___________________________________________________________

III. Choose the best answer.

1. I write to her almost every day.
A. Not a day goes by unless my writing to her.
B. Hardly does a day go by without my writing to her.
C. No day go by without my writing to her.
D. Almost every day goes by without my writing for her.
2. The noise next door didnt stop until midnight.
A. It was not until midnight that the noise next door stopped.
B. Not until midnight did the noise next door stopped.
C. Only when midnight did the noise next door stopped.
D. Hardly did the noise next door stopped when it was midnight.
3. He started computer programming as soon as he left school.
A. No sooner had he started computer programming than he left school.
 B. Hardly had he started computer programming when he left school.
C. No sooner had he left school than he started computer programming.
D. After he left school, he had started computer programming.
4. He spent all his money. He even borrowed some from me.
A. As soon as he borrowed some money from me, he spent it all.
B. Hardly had he borrowed some money from me when he spent it all.
C. Not only did he spent all his money but also he borrowed some from me.
D. Not only did he spend all his money but he borrowed some from me as well.
5. She only felt relaxed after a few months working for him.
A. She used to feel relaxed working for him a few months.
B. A few months ago, she didnt find it relaxed working for him.
C. Only after a few months working for him did she feel relaxed.
D. It was not until a few months working for him did she feel relaxed.
6. Right after his appointment to the post, he fell ill.
A. No sooner did he appointed to the post than he fell ill.
B. No sooner had he appointed to the post than he fell ill.
C. Hardly had he appointed to the post when he fell ill.
D. Hardly had he been appointed to the post when he fell ill.
7. Just after solving one problem, I was faced with another.
A. Scarcely had I solved one problem when I was faced with another.
B. Hardly had I solved one problem when I was faced with another.
C. No sooner had I solved one problem than I was faced with another.
D. All are correct.
8. A country cannot be prosperous if it is not quite independent.
A. Unless a country is quite independent, it can be prosperous.
B. Without complete independence, a country can be prosperous.
C. Only when a country is quite independent can it be prosperous.
D. It is not until a country is quite independent can it be prosperous.
9. I only recognized him when he came into the light.
A. Only when I recognized him, he came into the light.
B. It wasnt until he came into the light that I recognized him
C. Not until he came into the light I did recognize him
D. I did not recognize him even when he came into the light.
10. We couldnt relax until all the guests had left.
A. Not until all the guests had left could we relax.
B. It wasnt until all the guests had left that we could relax.
C. It wasnt until all the guests had left could we relax.
D. A and B are correct.

PHN 3: BI TP THC HNH

P.C BN
I. Choose the most suitable words underlined.
1. Jim promised that he would never/ never would he tell anyone else.
2. Not until it was too late I remembered / did I remember I call Susan.
3. Hardly had we settle down in our seats than/when the lights went out.
4. Only after checking three times I was/was I certain of the answer.
5. At no time I was aware/was I aware of anything out of usual.
6. Only Mary sang Sally passed/ did they pass the final examination.
7. So the waves were high/ So high were the waves that swimming was dangerous.
8. Only when Peter has arrived / has Peter arrived can we begin the program.
9. No sooner had it stopped raining than/when the sun came out.
10. If should you leave early/ should you leave early could you leave me a lift?

II. Rewrite these sentences, using NEVER.

1. She has never been so happy before.

2. I have never heard such nonsense!

3. I have never seen such a mess in my life.

4. Our profits this year are higher than they have ever been.

5. She would never again trust her own judgment when buying antiques.

6. The firm has never before laid on such a sumptuous celebration.

7. Ive never come across such a horrifying film.

8. I have never been so moved by a Shakespeare production.

9. I never for one moment thought the consequences would be so far- reaching.

10. I had never tasted such a wonderful combination of flavors before.

III. TURN the following into INVERTED sentences.

1. The matter could be explained in no other way.
In _____________________________________
2. We had hardly started when it began to rain.
Hardly _________________________________
3. I have seldom heard such beautiful singing.
Seldom _________________________________
4. I shall never forget your kindness.
Never _________________________________
5. I saw only then the danger we were in.
Only __________________________________
6. We had no sooner left the house than it exploded.
No ____________________________________
7.He didn't realize that he had lost the key till he got home.
Not ___________________________________
8. They not only robbed you, they smashed everything.
Not ___________________________________
9. The embassy staff little realized that Ted was a secret agent.
______________________________________________________________________
10. I had hardly begun to apologize when the door closed .
______________________________________________________________________
11. The shop can in no way be held responsible for customers' lost property.
______________________________________________________________________
12. The couple had no sooner arrived than the priest started the ceremony.
______________________________________________________________________
13. Tom only understood the meaning of the comment when he saw his wife's face.
______________________________________________________________________
14. The artist rarely paid any attention to his agent's advice
______________________________________________________________________
PHN 4: BI TP V NH
I. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with SHOULD.
1. If the Government were forced into another election, it would be the favourite to win.

2. If you should wish to make an appointment to see Dr Simons, she is available between 9.00 and
11.00.

3. If you should have further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice.

4. If you should decide to accept the post, you will be expected to start work on 1st April.

5. If we hear any further news, we will be in touch immediately.

6. If you wish to take advantage of the offer, kindly tick the box on your order form.

7. If the film should be a post office success, they may be sequel.

8. If you should change your mind, there will always be a job for you here.

II. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with WERE OR HAD

1. If the chemical were to leak, a large area of the sea would be contaminated.

2. If Germany were to beat Romania, they would face Italy in the final.

3. If Mr Morgan were still head master, he would not permit such bad behavior.

4. If you had given it on time, you would have got a high mark.

5. If she had become a lawyer, as her parents wished, she would have earn a large salary.

6. If anything has gone wrong with my plan, I would have held responsibility.

7.If it hadnt been for Henry,I might not have met you.

8. If only they had confirmed by phone, the airline could have warned them.

9. The coast guards could have saved the vessels if they had been notified.

10. If his solicitor hadnt advised him, he would have made a serious mistake.

III. Rewrite each of the following sentences with the given words in such a way that it means the
same as the sentence printed above it.
1. The snowfall was so heavy that all the trains had to be cancelled.
So ___________________________________________________________
2. If the government raised interest rates. They would lose the election.
Were__________________________________________________________
3. As soon as I got into the bath, someone knocked at the door.
No sooner _____________________________________________________
4. There was so much uncertainty that the financial markets remained closed.
Such__________________________________________________________
5. Its not common for there to be so much rain in March.
Seldom________________________________________________________
6. You wont allowed in until your identify has been checked.
Only__________________________________________________________
7. Just after the play started there was a power failure.
Hardly________________________________________________________
8. The Prime Minister has hardly ever made a speech as inept as this.
Rarely_________________________________________________________
9. We had only just arrived home when the police called.
Scarcely_______________________________________________________
10. Press photographers are banned from taking photographs backstage.
On no_________________________________________________________
11. The way so much money has been spent to so little purpose must be a record.
Never before___________________________________________________
12. The judge was taken ill just after the trial proceedings began.
Barely________________________________________________________
IV. Choose the best aswer.
1. _________, you would have succeeded in your business.
A. If you listened to my advice B. Were you to listen to my advice
C. Had you listened to my advice D. As long as you listened to my advice
2. She doesnt like classical music and ____________.
A. I dont, too B. I dont, either C. neither do I D. B and C are correct
3. Little ________ what he has caused to others.
A. does he know B. he knows C. he can know D. he will know
4. __________ had he entered the office than he realized that he had left his wallet at home.
A. Hardly B. Scarcely C. No sooner D. Not only
5. ____________ a week goes by without some road accidents.
A. Hardly B. Seldom C. Never D. Infrequently
6. It was not until she had arrived home _______ her appointment with the doctor.
A. when she remembered B. that she remembered
C. and she remembered D. did she remember
7. Canada does not require that U.S citizens obtain passports to enter the country, and _________.
A. Mexico doesnt, too B. so does Mexico
C. Mexico doesnt, either D. neither is Mexico
8. __________, he would have been able to pass the exam.
A. If he studied harder last year B. Provided he studied hard last year
C. Studying harder last year D. Had he studied harder last year
9. __________ will Mr. Dennis be able to regain control of the company.
A. With hard work B. Despite his hard work
C. Only if he works hardly D. Only by working hard
10. __________ had I arrived home than it began to rain.
A. No sooner B. Hardly C. Scarcely D. Rarely

THE END
CHUYN 14: PHRASAL VERBS 1& PREPOSITIONS 1
CM NG T V GII T
S tit thc hin: 05

PHN 1: L THUYT
I. PREPOSITIONS OF TIME:
On
On Sunday (morning) / 25th April / New Years Day
On holiday / business / duty / a trip / an excursion / fire / sale / a diet
In
In April / 1980
In summer / spring / autumn / winter
In five minutes / a few days / two years
In the morning / afternoon / evening
At
At 8 oclock / the weekend / night / Christmas
At the end of ... / at the age of
From...to...
From 1977 to 1985
Since
Since 1985 / Monday / 2 oclock
For
For three days / a long time / one hour.

II. PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE:

On
On a table / a wall / a bus / a train / a plane / the floor / a horse / television / the radio / the telephone
In
In a garden / a park / a town / the water / my office / hospital / a car
In the middle of...
At
At home / work / school / university / the station / the airport / a concert / a party / a football match
At 10 Pasteur Street
By
By car / bus / plane (on foot)
By accident / chance
For
For a walk / a swim / a drink
For breakfast / lunch / dinner
III. VERB + NOUN + PREP:
- give way to : nhng b, chu thua - pay attention to : ch n
- lose touch with: mt lin lc vi - put a stop to : put an end to: chm dt
- make use of : dng, tn dng - take care of : chm sc
- make fun of : chc gho, ch nho - take note of : lu n
- keep pace with : theo kp - take notice of : ch thy, nhn thy

IV. VERB + PREP:

1. VERB + TO 2. VERB + FOR 3. VERB + ABOUT

- apologize to sb for sth - apply for - care about SOMETHING
- belong to - care for SOMEONE - dream about sb / sth
- complain to sb about sb / - pay for - think about
sth - look for - hear about: be told about
- happen to - wait for - warn ... about
 - introduce to - blame ... for
- listen to - leave ... for
- speak / talk to sb - search ... for
- write to - ask ... for
- prefer ... to ...
- explain ... to ...
- invite ... to ...
4. VERB + ON 5. VERB + OF 6. VERB + AT
- concentrate on / focus on - consist of - laugh at / smile at
- depend on / rely on - die of - shout at
- live on - take care of - look at / stare at / glance at
- congratulate ... on - accuse ... of - point at / aim at
- spend ... on - remind ... of
7. VERB + IN 8. VERB + WITH 9. VERB + FROM
- succeed in - provide ... with - suffer ... from / borrow ... from
- arrive in / at - charge ... with - save / protect / prevent ... from

V. ADJECTIVE + PREP:
1. ADJ + TO 2. ADJ + FOR 3. ADJ + ABOUT
- accustomed to - available for - angry about
- addicted to - responsible for - anxious about
- harmful to - famous for - worried about
- similar to / agreeable to - late for - excited about
4. ADJ + ON 5. ADJ + OF 6. ADJ + AT
- keen on - afraid of / full of - surprised at
- dependent on - aware of / tired of - quick at
- ashamed of - bad / good at
- capable of - brilliant at
7. ADJ + IN 8. ADJ + WITH 9. ADJ + FROM
- confident in - equipped with - different from
- successful in - bored with - absent from
- interested in - busy with - safe from
- rich in - acquainted with
- Satisfied with
- familiar with

PHRASAL VERBS= verb + particle -adverb / preposion.

Type 1: Verb + adverb Ex: to give up , to put out , to break down= stop working
He put the cigarette out. ( anh ta dap tat dieu thuoc)
Type 2: Verb + adverb + object ( ng t v trng t c th tch ra)
- Nu tc t l mt dt , trng t c th i trc hoc i sau.
- Nu tc t l i t, trng t phi theo sau tc t.
Ex: to put off => We must put off the meeting for another week.
OR, We must put the meeting off for another week. ( not put off it)
- to fill in, to wake sb up, to put out .
Type 3: Verb + preposition + object ( gii t khng th tch ri ng t. tc t lun ng sau
gii t)
To take after => She takes after his father.
To await for, to listen to, to look after, to look for

1- apply to sb for sth: np n n. . . xin. . . 13- throw sth at sb/ sth: nm, chi
2- ask out: ask sb to go on a date - throw away: discard
- ask sb for sth: hi xin ai/ yu cu ai ci g - throw sth to sb: chuyn
3- arrive in: n (country, city, town) 14- take after: resemble: trng ging nh
 - arrive at: n (other places)
4- call on: ask to speak in class
- call back: return a telephone call
- call off: cancel
- call up: make a telephone call
5- drop in:visit without calling first or an
invitation
- drop out (of): stop attending a school
6- fill in : in vo ( mu n)
- fill out: write information in a form
- fill up: fill completely with gas, water. . .
7- get along (with): have a good relationship with
- get in: enter a car/ taxi. . .
- get off: leave a bus/ train. . .
- get on: enter a bus/ train . . .
- get out (of): leave a car/ taxi. . .
- get over : recover from: bnh phc
- get through (with): finish
- get up: thc dy, nh thc ai dy
8- give up: get rid of: ngng, t b
- give in: nhng b, chu thua
- give back: return sth to sb
9- go after: run after: ui theo
- go ahead: be carried out: thc hin, tin hnh
- go along: develop, progress: pht trin, tin
trin
- go away: i khi, i xa nh
- go back: return: tr li
- go in: enter a room/ house: bc vo phng/
nh
- go off: explode, be fired: n, bn (sng)
- go on: continue : tip tc
- go out: stop burning: tt
- go over: look at sth carefully: xem xt k
- go up # go down: tng # gim gi
10.hand in: give homework, test .. to a teacher
- hand out:give sth to this person then that
person.
11.look after: take care of: chm sc, trng nom
- look for: search for: tm kim
- look out (for): be careful: cn thn
- look sth up: tra cu
- look forward to: mong i, mong mi
12.put on: dress yourself in sth: mc (qun o),
i
- put off: postpone, delay
- take off: ct cnh, ci ra
15- turn off: switch off : tt (n, qut. ..), shut off
- turn on: switch on: m (n, qut . . )
- turn round: quay li
- turn up: arrive: n, xut hin. vn ln
(volume)
- turn down: decrease the volume: vn nh
16- catch up (with) ui kp, bt kp
17- cool off: ngui lnh i, gim i (nhit tnh)
18- cross out: draw a line through
19- discuss sth with sb = have a discussion about
sth
20- explain sth to sb: gii thch
21- fall behind: b tt ng sau
22- find out: discover information
23- glance at sb/ sth: take a quick look at: lic nhn
24- grow up: become an adult: trng thnh, ln
ln
25- hang up: hang on a hanger
26- hold up: delay, postpone: lm tr ngi
27- hurry up: lm nhanh
28- invite sb to/ for sth: mi
29- keep up: gi vng duy tr, tip tc
- keep on: continue
30- laugh at sb/ sth: ci, tru chc, ch nho
31- leave out: omit
- leave somewhere for. . .: ri
32- lie down: nm xung ( ngh ngi)
33- make up: invent a story:ba ra
34- pick up: lift: nht, hi, n ai
35- pay back: return money to sb: tr tin cho ai
36- point at/ to sb/ sth: ch
37- run into: meet by chance: gp tnh c
38- search sb/ sth for sb/ sth: khm, xt, tm
39- speak up: ni to ln
- speak to/ with sb about/ of sb/ sth: ni
40- stay on: lu li thm mt thi gian na
41- talk to/ with sb about/ of sb/ sth: ni, tho lun
42- try out : test : th nghim
43- wait up: thc ch ai
- wait for: ch i
44- wash up: wash the dishes: ra chn
45- watch out (for): be careful
46- write to sb: vit th gi ai

PHN 2: BI TP VN DNG
I/ PREPOSITIONS
I. Underline the best answer.
1) Your father is very kind (with/for/to/in) David.
2) Hurry or you will be late (for/at/on/from) school.
3) Were they present (in/at/on/about) the meeting?
4) She was confused (with/on/about/in) the dates.
5) His book is different (about/from/for/between) mine.
6) Your plan is similar (with/to/of/for) his.
7) The boy is afraid (of/on/in/about) snakes.
8) She is accustomed (with/to/on/of) getting up early.
9) He was successful (in/with/of/to) his job.
10) That student is very quick (with/at/for/about) mathematics.
11) Iraq is rich (on/for/to/in) oil.
12) Are you aware (with/to/of/for) the time?
13) Are you acquainted (to/with/in/of) this man?
14) He has been absent (from/of/to/with) school lately.
15) They are interested (in/on/about/with) buying a new house.
16) Smoking is harmful (for/with/to/about) our health.
17) She is serious (with/about/of/for) learning to be a doctor.
18) I couldnt believe what he said. It was contrary (to/with/for/in) his thought.
19) Our study is very important (for/with/to/about) our future and useful (for/to/with/in) our country.
20) Dont give up your hope. Be confident (of/about/in/with) yourself.
21) I have some tickets available (for/to/of/with) you.
22) Are you capable (with/of/for/to) that job?
23) He is accustomed (to/with/for/in) driving fast like this.
24) Are you confident (with/of/about/in) what she has said?
25) The room was available (with/for/to/on) 2 people.
26) Finally, Jack is successful (on/in/at/to) his trade.
27) This theatre is often crowded (with/to/on/about) viewers.
28) Your bag is similar (with/to/about/for) mine.
29) The bottle is full (with/of/in/at) water.
30) Poison is harmful (to/with/for/about) humans.
II/ VERBS WITH PREPOSISONS
Mark the letter A,B, C and D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1. When the police investigate a crime, they ................ evidence such as
fingerprints, hair, or clothing.
A. look after B.look up to C. look for D. look into
2. Do you .......................... your new roommate, or do you two argue?
A. keep in touch with B. get along with C. on good terms with D. get used to
3. After months of testing, the Russian space scientists .......................... a
space suit that works better than any other in history.
A. came to B. came up to C. came up to D. came out with
4. Lets check out the hotel room.......................... before we pay for it.
A.out B. away C. up D. off
5. He lost the tennis match, so we will try to cheer him..........................
A. off B. away C. on D. up
6. The mechanic broke the engine .......................... its many components.
A. up into B. into C. down into D. off into
7. The couple broke .......................... their engagement after they had a
huge argument.
A. in B. over C. off D. away
8. The new mayor will bring .......................... a change in local goverment
policies.
A. with B. out C. up D. about
9. Sara said she took golf ..........................so that she could meet more
interesting people.
A. on B. over C. back D. up
10. Try .......................... this bicycle to determine if you feel comfortable on
it.
A. out B.on C. off D.at
PHN 3: BI TP VN DNG THEO CHUYN
I/Fill in each of the following sentence with a preposition to complete the sentences.
1. Much of the meaning must be inferred______ the context.
2. Do you approve ______ my idea?
3. She doesn't approve ______ my leaving school this year.
4. He succeeded ______ getting a place at art school.
5. I tried to discussit with her but only succeeded ______ making her angry
6. He is prevented by law ______ holding a licence.
7. The high price of all kinds of goods could deter people ______ buying them.
8. You can't stop people ______ saying what they think.
9. Having salary from 2600 to 3000, depending______ experience.
10. Whether we need more food depends______ how many people turn up.
11. Do you think he'll agree______ their proposal?
12. We are here to provide good service _ the public.
13. He agreed ______ them about the need for change.
14. Does the quality of teaching depend ______ class size?
15. He either resigned or was sacked, depending ______ who you talk to.
16. There's nothing to stop you______ accepting the offer.
17. It would depend______ the circumstances.
18. Nothing would prevent him speaking out against injustice.
19. He was the sort of person you could depend______ .
20. I agree ______ her analysis of the situation.

II/ Mark the letter A,B, C and D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1. She turned the first order ..................... because she wanted more money for her house.
A. off B. away C. out D. down
2. They decided to name the new baby boy ..................... Grandpa.
A. of B. after C. with D. as
3. Mom told her little boy to put all his toys .....................before coming to dinner.
A. out B. off C. away D. in
4. The couple put their wedding.....................until next year.
A. off B. up C. on D. away
5. The gunman told the victim to hand ..................... all his money.
A. out B. over C. in D. off
6. Dont throw your jacket on the bed. Hang it.....................
A. up B. over C. on D. in
7. The supervisor told her to keep .....................the good work.
A. over B. on C. with D. up
8. Man is killing .....................all the fish in the sea.
A. out B. away C. off D. up
9. If you leave..................... any information, the form will be returned to you.
A. dowm B. out C. up D. away
10. Security is very important in this buiding. Dont let anyone ..................... unless they show you
proper identification.
A. in B. out C. off D. on
III/ Mark the letter A,B, C and D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1. Look this document...................... carefully before you sign it.
A. up B. on C. at D. over
2. If you dont know what a word means, look at .....................in the dictionary.
A. over B. up C. on D. at
3. I couldnt make .....................all the words on the sign because my glasses were dirty.
A. up B. out C. clear D. up with
4. Tony and Nancy always kiss and make..................... after their arguments.
A. up B. off C. with D. up with
5. Cross .....................my name because I wont be able to attend.
A. out B. down C. up D. away
6. She will cut ..................... the number of cigarettes she smokes.
A. off B. in C. up D. down
7. Have you figured..................... how to solve the problem yet?
A. out B. on C. in D. of
8. After you fill the application form....................., sign in and date it.
A. on B. off C. out D. with
9. You should always fill ..................... your tank when it gets down to a quarter full.
A. off B. up C. in D. out
10. All students must hand ..................... their homework the day after it is assigned.
A. out B. on C. to D. in
IV/: Mark the letter A,B, C and D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions.
1. The daughter look.....................her mother after her mom was sent home from the hospital with a
broken hip.
A. upon B. after C. on D. at
2. Why dont you look ..................... this situation and see if you can figure out a way to fix it without
spending too much money?
A. into B. on C. up D. out
3. My grandfather passed..................... when I was only six years old. He had lung cancer.
A. out B. over C. away D. off
4. Everyday many of us have to put ..................... people that we dont like.
A. on with B. off with C. up D. up with
5. Nancy ran.....................Bob while both were shopping at the supermarket.
A. over B. across C. upon D. onto
6. If you go hiking, you should watch .................... for poison oak and snakes. Both can cause you
problems.
A. over B. up C. out D. on
7. Lets get .................... the bus at the next stop. We can visit the museum and catch another bus in a
couple of hours.
A. onto B. out C. in D. off
8. When the student got .................... the test, he gave it to the teacher.
A. over with B. through with C. through at D. over
9. If you are going to give .................... smoking, you must have a lot of will power.
A. away B. up C. into D. off
10. After you write your report, give it to your boss. He will go....................
A. upon B. through with C. over D. with
V/ Mark the letter A,B, C and D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1. She kept .................... taking the real estate exam until she finally passed it and got her license.
A. on B. onto C. in D. at
2. Kids have to walk fast if they want to ................. their parents on a stroll through the park.
A. keep with B. keep up with C. keep on to D. keep over with
3. Youd better cut......................... animal fat if you want to lower your cholesterol level.
A. down with B. off C. out in D. down on
4. I wish my friends would call me first before they drop.........................
A. in B. out C. at D. off
5. Sales of the toy dropped ......................... sharply when the TV news reported that a child had
swallowed part of the toy and almost died.
A. out B. over C. away D. off
6. People who dont get......................... their coworkers sometimes dont last long at their jobs.
A. up with B. along with C. on to D. by with
7. At a crime scene, the police will tell you to get back. They dont want civilians to interfere ..............
the investigation.
A. at B. on C. with D. into
8. The boy was always getting........................ trouble as a youth. Then, to everyones surprise, he
became a policeman.
A. into B. onto C. on D. with
9. Mankind has managed to wipe.......................... many kinds of animals.
A. away B. off C. out D. over
10. My car broke ........................ on the way to work. I had to call a tow truck.
A. down B. up C. off D. away
PHN 4: BI TP V NH
I./ Preposition
Fill in each blank with a suitable preposition.
1.The letter I wrote was full ..... mistakes.
2.I dont like going up ladders. Im afraid ...... heights.
3.Kate is very fond ........... her younger brother.
4.The station platform was crowded ............ people waiting for the train.
5.She is a very honest person. I dont think she is capable ...........telling a lie.
6.Our house is similar........... yours.
7.I suggested we should all go out for a meal but nobody else was keen...the idea.
8.Ms. Sanders is friendly ............... everyone.
9.Im accustomed.................. living here.
10.You look bored. You dont seem interested .......... what Im saying.
11.The editor is responsible .. what appears in a newspaper.
12.We stayed at home because Cathy wasnt very keen ........ going out.
13.Shes very good .............. caring for the sick.
14.Shes capable .............. doing the job.
15.Cricket is quite different ........... baseball.
16.The garden is full ........... roses.
17.Can you tell me how many men were absent ......... work last week?
18.I certainly hope that David is aware ........... all the problems involved.
19.Hurry or you will be late........... school.
20.Vietnam is rich ............ natural resources.
21.He was sad ............... his friends failure.
22.The day seems perfect ........... a picnic.
23.Theres really no need for you to be afraid ........... the examination.
24.You were kind ........... me when I asked you for some help.
25.That fashion magazine is full ............. advertising for womens clothes
26.These days everyone is aware .......... the dangers of smoking.
27.Smoking is harmful ............ your health.
28.Dont give up hope yet. Be confident ...... yourself.
29.I think the conference was very successful .......... the whole.
30.You dont like it, do you? - ......... the contrary, I love it.
31.Mr. Johnson said he was ......... favor of doing the work right away.
32.Albert is 85 and lives alone. He needs somebody to take care ......... him.
33.Diane is from Boston but now she lives in Paris. She left Boston ......Paris when she was 19.
34.Sally is often not well. She suffers ............very bad headaches.
35.It wasnt easy but in the end we succeeded ........ finding a solution to the problem.
36.The secretary provided me .............. a great deal of information.
37.This car isnt mine. It belongs .......... Mike.
38.He didnt take advantage ........... the opportunity.
39.You have to study hard to keep pace ............. your classmates.
40.I wrote to the company asking them ............ more information about the job
41.We spent the evening listening ........ music.
42.English provides the access ........... world scholarship and world trade.
43.Many people regard him ........... one of the greatest scientists in the world.
44.What time did they arrive ......... London?
45.Thank you for looking .............. my mother while she was ill.
46.Ive been searching ............ my keys.
47.Were you able to make use ........... the book I lent you last week?
48. ...... the past, people did a great deal of work by hand.
49.Every student should spend ....... least two hours on his homework every night.
50.Vehicles account ............. air pollution in the cities.
51.Some large cities may have to ban cars ............. the city center to wipe out smoke.
52.Dr W. K Davis is regarded ......... the leading specialist in that field.
53.Once used .........., these minerals can be recycled.
54.Dont forget to write .......... me while youre away.
55.Tomorrow morning I have to catch a plane. Im leaving my house ............... the airport at 7.30
56.I looked ............. my keys but I couldnt find them anywhere.
57.Ive applied ............ a job at the factory. I dont know if Ill get it.
58.Dont worry about arranging our holiday. Ill take care ............ that.
59.I spoke ............ Sue this morning.
60.The tender plants need protection ........... the cold weather.

II./ PHRASAL VERBS

1. What may happen if John will not arrive in time?

A. go along B. count on C. keep away D. turn up
2. Johnny sometimes visits his grandparents in the countryside.
A. calls on B. keeps off C. takes in D. goes up
3. They decided to postpone their journey till the end of the month because of the epidemic.
A. take up B. turn round C put off D. do with
4. The stranger came . me and asked, "Is there a post office near here?"
A. on to B away from C. out of D. up to
5. Frankly speaking, your daughter does not take .. you at all.
A after B. along C. up D. over
6. She is not really friendly. She does not get on well ____ her classmates.
A from B. with C. for D to
7. I would be grateful if you kept the news . yourself. Do not tell anyone about it.
A from B. to C. for D. at
8. I do not use those things any more. You can them away.
A get B. fall C throw D. make
9. They were late for work because their car .. down.
A. got B. put C. cut D. broke
10. The authority .. down that building to build a supermarket.
A. knocked B. came C. went D. fell
11. I didn't get to see the end of that movie on TV last night. How did it . out?
A. go B. make C. bring D. turn
12. Im not surprised Margaret's ill. With all the voluntary work she's _...................., shes really been
doing too much.
A. taken off B. taken on C. taken in D. taken to
13. At present we are __________ an anti-drug campaign.
A. setting up for B. carrying out C. taking part D. joining with
14. At the station, we often see the sigh . for pickpockets.
A. Watch on B. Watch out C. Watch up D. Watch at
15. Lets wait here for her; Im sure shell ..
A. turn down B. turn off C. turn over D. turn up
16. UNESCO. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
A. stands for B. brings about C. takes after D gets across
17. Don't forget to . your gloves on. It is cold outside.
A let B. make C put D. fix
18. The passengers had to wait because the planeoff one hour late.
A. took B. turned C. cut D. made
19. Be careful! The tree is going to fall.
A. Look out B. Look up C. Look on D. Look after
20. The bomb exploded in the garage; fortunately no one hurt.
A put on B. went off C. got out D. kept up
21. These shoes felt too tight, so I tookand tried a larger size.
A. away them B. off them C. them away D. them off
22. My father still hasnt really recovered from the death of my mother.
A went over B. got over C. took over D. looked over
23. I cant walking. Can we stop and have a short rest?
A go on B. get on C. go up D. get up
24. When you are finished using the computer, can you please . it off.
A take B. turn C. do D go
25. When the alarm went off, everyone proceeded calmly to the emergency exits.
A fell B. exploded C. called D. rang
26. Look out. There is a rattlesnake under the picnic table!
A Listen B. Be careful C. Go D. Watch
27. Mrs. Jones's husband passed away fast Friday. Were all shocked by the news.
A got married B. divorced C. died D. were on business
28. If you want to be healthy. you should . your bad habits in your lifestyles
A. give up B call off C break down D get over
29. Watch ! a car is coming
A. out B up C. away D off
30. Try to study harder to catch . your classmates.
A up B. up with C. out D. with
31. Dont be impatient! I m sure he will turn on time
A. up B. round C. on D. off
32. At first Tim insisted he was right, but then began to .
A. back down B. follow up C. drop off D. break up
33. Go _______ this book because it has the information you need.
A. over B. by C. off D. on
34. My husband spends far more time helping our three kids ________ homework and studying for tests
than I do.
A. on B. to C. with D. in
35. My husband and I take turns cleaning ________ the kitchen depending ________ who gets home
from work earlier.
A. away / to B. from / in C. up / on D. with / for
36. The efforts for the advancement of women have resulted ________ several respectively achievement
in women's life and work.
A. at B. with C. for D. in
37. The small white flowers are my favorite. They give off a wonderful honey smell that scents the
entire garden.
A. release B. stop C. end D. melt
38. I couldn't make out what he had talked about because I was not used to his accent.
A. stand B. understand C. write D. interrupt
39. I'm sorry. I didn't mean to interrupt you. Please, go on and finish what you were saying.
A. talk B. quit C. continue D. stop
40. The firefighters fought the blaze while the crowd was looking on it.
A. blowing B. watering C. preventing D. Watching
41. What does "www" ________ for? Is it short for world wide web?
A. sit B. stand C. lie D. point
42. If you do not understand the word "superstitious," look it up in the dictionary.
A. find its meaning B. write it C. draw it D. note it
43. The hotel didnt .. my expectations.
A. come up to B. add up to C. get up to D. come down to
44. The firefighters fought the blaze while the crowd was looking on it.
A. blowing B. watering C. preventing D. watching
45. Not all women can do two jobs well at the same time: rearing children and working at office.
A. educating B. taking care of C. homemaking D. giving a birth
46. The driver skidded and . a dog.
A. ran B. ran into C. ran after D. ran over
47. Arent you going to the dressbefore you buy it?
A. try/ X B. try/ up C. try/ on D. try /in
48. Im sorry, sir. But youve already worn this dress. Thats why we cantit..
A. take/ back B. take /after C. take/ in D. take/ again
49. Are you telling the truth? Or are you . the story.
 A. making B. making up C. making for D. doing
50. It took women a long time to struggle ________ the right to vote.
A. for B. with C. against D. upon
51. Women are increasingly involved ________ the public life.
A. of B. in C. with D. from
52. Although the team was both mentally and physically exhausted, they ________ on walking.
A. stopped B. kept C. took D. put
53. If you don't pay your rent, your landlord is going to kick you out!
A. lend you some money B. play football with you
C. give you a kick D. force you to leave
54. Everything is _______ you. I cannot make _______ my mind yet.
A. out off / on B. up to / up C. away from / for D. on for / off
55. There is no food left. Someone must have eaten it _______.
A. out B. up C. off D. along
56. The explorers made a fire to _______ off wild animals.
A. get B. keep C. take D. go
57. If something urgent has _______ up, phone me immediately and I will help you.
A. picked B. come C. kept D. brought
58. The organization was established in 950 in the USA.
A. come around B. set up C. made out D. put on
59. Within their home country, National Red Cross and Red Crescent societies assume the duties and
responsibilities
of a national relief society.
A. take on B. get off C. go about D. put in
60. It took me a very long time to recover from the shock of her death.
A. turn off B. take on C. get over D. keep up with
61. He did not particularly want to play any competitive sport.
A. use up B. do with C. take up D. go on
62. I am tired because I went to bed late last night.
A. stayed up B. kept off C. put out D. brought up
63. If I get this report finished I will knock _______ early and go to the pub for some drink.
A. up B. over C. on D. off
64. Boy! _______ away all your toys and go to bed right now.
A. Come B. Lie C. Put D. Sit
65. I have been trying to ring him up all day and I could not ______ through.
A. get B. take C. look D. hang
66. The water supply of the building was ______ off because the pipes burst.
A. handed B. held C. cut D. paid
67. Did your son pass the university entrance examination?
A. make up B. get along C. go up D. get through
68. Frankly speaking, your daughter does not take _______ you at all.
A. after B. along C. up D. over
69. I would be grateful if you kept the news _______ yourself. Do not tell anyone about it.
A. from B. to C. for D. at
70. My husband spends far more time helping our three kids _____ homework and studying for tests
than I do.
A. on B. to C. with D. in

THE END
 CHUYN 15: IDIOMS 1
S tit thc hin: 05

PHN 1: L THUYT

I. DEFINITION
An idiom is a group of words whose meaning is different from the meanings of individual words.
Thnh ng l tp hp t c nh c dng m ngha ca n thng khng th gii thch c mt cch
n gin bng ngha ca cc t to nn n.

II. LIST OF COMMON IDIOMS

Mt s thnh ng thng dng:
Common Idioms List
SET 1
Common Idioms Definitions
It cost me an arm and a leg to take my trip to Cost sb an arm and a leg :Very expensive
Australia.
I was over the moon when he asked me to Over the moon: Extremely pleased or happy
marry him.
You are taking your IELTS test next week?? Jump the gun : Doing or starting something too early
Arent you jumping the gun. Youve only just (thc hin vic g qu sm)
started studying.
He comes round to see me once in a blue Once in a blue moon: Happening very rarely
moon. (him khi)
Hes got a chip on his shoulder. Chip on his shoulder: Feeling inferior or having a
grievance about something
(Sn sang gy hn, ang ni khng)
I reckon getting a band 7 in IELTS will be A piece of cake: Very easy
a piece of cake! Im very good at English.
The money sent by comic relief to help poverty A drop in the ocean : A very small part of something
in Africa is just a drop in the ocean. They need much bigger
far more than this.
Getting a low score the first time I took IELTS A blessing in disguise : Something positive that isnt
was a blessing in disguise. It forced me to study recognized until later
extremely hard so I got a much better score the (Trong ci ri c ci may)
next time.
We have to actually do something about global Actions speak louder than words: Its better to actually
warming. Actions speak louder than words. do something rather than just talking about it
I bumped into Jenny in town the other day. It's It's a small world.: Meeting someone you would not
a small world. have expected to

SET 2
Common Idioms Definitions
Oh well, I got 5.5 in IELTS again. Back to the Back to the drawing board!: When an attempt to do
drawing board! something fails and it's time to start all over again
using different methods
( Lm li t u)
I hate my job so much I cant bare going to work, Stuck / caught between a rock and a hard place:
but if I quit I dont think I can get another job. Im Having two very bad choices.
really stuck / caught between a rock and a hard (note: stuck/caught can be omitted)
place. (ng gia 2 la chn kh khn)
I have to bite my tongue so I dont say what I Bite my tongue : Wanting to say something but
really think of him! stopping yourself.
 Come on, cut to the chase. We havent got all Cut to the chase: Leave out all the unnecessary
day! details and just get to the point
(Ni ra iu quan trng m khng vng vo)
Are you putting all of your savings into that Put all your eggs in one baske.: Putting all of ones
company? Dont put all your eggs in one basket. resources into one possibility

Try not to worry about it. Every cloud has a Every cloud has a silver lining: Believing that every
silver lining. bad situation has a positive side / eventually leads to
something good (trong ci ri c ci may)
It was difficult when I moved to another country Find ones feet: To become comfortable in what you
but I eventually found my feet. are doing
My parents are very fixed in their ways. They Fixed in their ways: Not wanting to change from the
wont start using the internet. normal ways of doing things
I think he got up on the wrong side of the bed Get up on the wrong side of the bed this morning:
this morning. He is in a terrible mood. To refer to someone who is having a bad day

My mother will always go the extra mile to help Go the extra mile :Doing much more than is
people. required when doing something
(n lc hn na)

SET 3
Common Idioms Definitions
I think youve hit the nail on the head. Thats Hit the nail on the head : Say exactly the right thing
the reason he didnt get the job.
Todays going so badly. If its not one thing, If its not one thing, its the other: When everything
its the other. seems to be going wrong
I just said it in the heat of the moment. I was The heat of the moment : Saying or doing something
angry. I know I shouldnt have. suddenly without thinking about it
Keep an eye on him. I think he may cheat in Keep an eye on sb: Watch someone or something
the exam. carefully
Have you heard? John down the road Kick the bucket: Died
has kicked the bucket.
I dont want to argue with him again. Its better Kicked the bucket: Avoid a conflict
to kicked the bucket
I told him what gift you have bought him for
Let the cat out of the bag: Tell someone something that
his birthday. Sorry, I didnt mean to let the cat you were not supposed to
out of the bag. (v tnh tit l b mt)
Dont tell her what you really think of her if
Bite the hand that feeds you.: Hurt or upset someone
shes helping you with your English! who is helping you
Dont bite the hand that feeds you. (la thy phn bn)
Im not sure which party he is going to vote for. Sitting on the fence: Not making a firm decision
Hes sitting on the fence. between different choices
( kin trung lp)
Everything she does is very over the top. She over the top: Excessive
cant just have a few drinks se has to get
really drunk.

SET 4
Common Idioms Definitions
Lets keep studying for IELTS.Practice makes Practice makes perfect.
perfect. Continuously doing something to improve
Dont get upset about what he said. Hes pull ones leg: Joking around
just pulling your leg.
 Sorry but I think Ill take a rain check on that.take a rain check :To decline an offer that you will
take up later
As a rule of thumb, I dont study at weekends. rule of thumb :Principal that is strictly adhered / kept
I spend the time with my family. to
(theo kinh nghim)
I can smell a rat. He said he has a PhD but he smell a rat: To sense that something is not right
cant even remember which university he
studied at.
Shes the spitting image of her mother. the spitting image : To look exactly like someone else
The ball's in your court now. What are you The ball's in ones court : Telling someone it's now
going to do? their turn to make a decision
Unfortunately I think hell be studying for until the cows come home: For a very long time
IELTS until the cows come home. His English
is very poor.
It was all tongue-in-cheek. He didnt really tongue-in-cheek: Something said in humour rather
mean what he said. than seriously
Shes feeling under the weather today so she under the weather: Unwell
wont be going to work.

SET 5
Common Idioms
We've had some big disagreements over the years, but its
all water under the bridge now. We get on fine.
You are what you eat so its better to have a healthy diet.
You cant judge a book by its cover. I need to get to know
him before I decide what he is like.
We're really working against the clock now. We must hurry.
Why are we bothering? We're flogging a dead horse. Our
online business is making no money, so we should move on
and do something else.
I bent over backwards to help him. I hope he appreciates it.
So you have the IELTS test today? Break a leg.
Ok, I'm playing devil's advocate here, but if marijuana is
legalized, isn't it more likely young people will smoke it?
Hold your horses! We haven't won anything yet.
She is driving me up the wall. She won't stop talking.
Definitions
Water under the bridge : Things from
the past that are not important
anymore
You are what you eat : If you eat bad
food, youll be unhealthy, if you eat
good food, youll be healthy
You cant judge a book by its cover :
The belief that outside appearances do
not reveal what someone or something
is really like
work against the clock :Not having
enough time to do something
flog a dead horse: Attempting to
continue with something that is
finished / over
Bend over backwards: Doing all you
can to help someone
Break a leg: Good luck
Play devil's advocate: To put forward
a side in an argument that may not be
your own in order to show the counter-
argument / ensure all sides are
discussed
(a ra mt lun im dy ln tranh
lun.)
Hold your horses: Telling someone
who is getting ahead of themselves to
wait / be patient
Drive me up the wall :Annoying or
irritating somebody
 SET 6
We waited for hours and then the train arrived at last. at last: finally, after a long time

- He said that it would be all right to wait in her office until all right: - acceptable, fine; yes, okay
she returned.

There's no need to hurry doing those exercises. Take your to take one's (my, his, your, etc.) time:
time. to do without rush, not to hurry

- I've been working on my income tax forms all day long. I've - all (day, week, month, year) long: the
hardly had time to eat. entire day, week, month, year

- Francis translated that French novel by himself. No one by oneself: alone, without assistance
helped him. on purpose: for a reason, deliberately
Do you think that she didn't come to the meeting on purpose?

- Sally is considering several colleges to attend, but she hasn't to make up one's (my, his, your, etc.)
made up her mind yet. mind: to reach a decision, to decide
finally

We have changed our minds and are going to Canada instead change one's (my, his, your, etc.) mind:
of California this summer. to alter one's decision or opinion

For the time being, Janet is working as a waitress, but she for the time being: temporarily (also:
really hopes to become an actress soon. for now)

Ruth has returned to Canada for good. She won't ever live in for good: permanently, forever
the United States again.
- Alex seems in a hurry; he must be late for his train again. in a hurry: hurried, rushed (also: in a
rush )

John stayed home from work because he was feeling under
the weather.
- The elevator was out of order, so we had to walk to the tenth
floor of the building.
Every morning the company workers have time off for a
coffee break.
under the weather: not feeling well,
sick
out of order: not in working condition
to have (time) off: to have free time,
not to have to work (also: to take time
off (S))

- All of a sudden Ed appeared at the door. We weren't all of a sudden : suddenly, without
expecting him to drop by. warning (also: all at once)

Do you think that hes been cheating us all along? All along: from the beginning
After the dance was over, we all went to a restaurant. - to be over: to be finished, to end
(also: to be through)

I thought that Margaret would arrive late, but she was right on - on time: exactly at the correct time,
time. punctually
We entered the theater just in time to see the beginning of the in time to (do something): before the
movie. time necessary to do something
 - Herb tried to repair his car engine all morning before he - to call it a day/night : to stop working
called it a day and went fishing. for the rest of the day/ night

- During the trip, Darlene and I took turns driving so that to take turns (doing something): to
neither of us would tire out. alternate, to change people while
doing something

- Before I traveled to Mexico, I brushed up on my Spanish; I to brush up on something : to review

haven't practiced it since high school. something in order to refresh one's
memory
over and over (again): repeatedly
The actress studied her lines in the movie over and over until (also: time after -
she knew them well. time, time and again )

- Stephen told Deborah that it was out of the question for her out of the question : impossible, not
to borrow his new car. feasible

Ralph insisted that he had nothing to do with breaking the to have to do with : to have some
window. connection with or relationship to

- You can get in touch with him by calling the Burma Hotel. to get in touch with: to communicate
with, to contact

We all had a good time at the class reunion last night. to have a good time: to enjoy oneself

- Did you have a good time at the park? I really enjoyed it in no time: very quickly, rapidly

The restless lion kept pacing back and forth along the front of back and forth : in a backward and
its cage. forward motion

Both now and then and once in a while can be preceded by now and then: occasionally, sometimes
the adjective every. Another idiom with the same meaning and (also: now and again, at times, from
form is every so often. time to time, off
- I don't see him very often, but (every) now and then we and on, once in a while )
arrange to have lunch together.
- Gary gets a cold (every) once in a while even though he takes
good care of himself.
- I like to sleep late in the morning from time to time.

- This catalog is not up to date. It was published several years up to date: modern, current, timely
ago. out of date: not modern, not current,
- I don't know why Gene likes to wear out-of-date clothing. not timely; no longer available in
His clothes are so outdated that even his girlfriend hesitates to published form
be seen with him
- He spoke English so well that I took it for granted he was
an American. to take for granted : not to appreciate
fully (S); to assume to be true without
giving much thought (S)

- The judge took the prisoner's young age into account before to take something into account: to
sentencing him to three months in jail. consider a fact while evaluating a
situation (S)

- Please make clear that he should never act so impolitely to make clear: to clarify, to explain (S)
 again.

SET 7: Mt s thnh ng ch s so snh

- as strong as a horse/ an ox: khe nh voi

- as thin as a rake: gy t

- as tough as old boots (nht l v thc phm- tht): rt dai, kh nhai

as white as a sheet: trng bch, xanh nh tu l (do s hi, chong vng)
- as cool as a cucumber: bnh tnh, khng h nao nng

- as deaf as a post: ic c

- as different as chalk and/ from cheese: hon ton khc nhau

- fit as a fiddle: khe nh vm, rt sung sc

- like a lamp: hin lnh

- as good as gold: c o c rt tt, rt c gio dc

- as light as air/ a feather: rt nh

- as old as the hills: rt c, c xa

- as plain as the nose on ones face: r nh ban ngy

- as flat as a pancake: t nh c mm

- with knobs on (dng p li mt cu lng m hoc s ng dt

khot): chng km g, c y
- as pleased as Punch: rt hi lng

- as keen as mustard: ht sc hng hi hoc nhit tnh

- as clear as a bell: rnh rt, d nghe

- as fresh as a daisy: ti nh hoa

- as hard as nails: cng rn, tn nhn

- as large as life: c thy xut hin bng xng bng tht (khng th
nhm ln)
- as stubborn as a mule: cng u cng c, ng bng

- as sober as a judge: tnh to khng h say ru

- (as) steady as a rock: vng nh bn thch

-
- As red as a beetroot: nh gc

- As thick as thieves: rt n vi nhau, rt thn

- To hold on like grim death: bm cht khng ri

- To sleep like a log : ng say nh cht

- To eat/ work like a horse : n/ lm khe

- To fit like a glove: va kht

- To smoke like a chimney: ht thuc l c ngy

- To spread like wildfire: (tin n) lan rt nhanh

- Like a house on fire: rt nhanh, mnh m

- As peas in a pod: ging nhau nh hai git nc

- Like a clockwork: u n nh mt ci my

II. BI TP P DNG
Exercise 1: Fill in the blank with suitable words or phrases from Idioms List SET 1
1. Getting my car fixed is going to cost me ____________________ as the engine has completely
blown, but I have no choice. I need it for work.
2. The flu I had a few weeks ago which prevented me from going on holiday with my friends
was _______________________.They had a terrible time. Everything went wrong and it cost them a lot
of money.
3. I was in a caf in Italy and amazingly I saw Paul from down the road in
there._____________________

4. Jan is finally getting a chance to go on her trip of a life time, a holiday to Australia! She
was____________________ when I spoke to her.
5. 3 pounds may seem like _______________ but if everyone contributed that much we'd have
thousands.
6. The government keeps talking about reducing poverty but what do they ever do about it?
Nothing!________________ .
7. I've got a promotion at work, but all John did was make a joke about it. He has a real
______________________ . I think he is just jealous.
8. The interview for that new job was _____________________ . They asked me really easy questions.
9. The new Martin Scorsese film is out at the cinema. A film that comes out that I really enjoy and want
to see happens __________________________, so I'll definitely go and see it.
10. He was_______________________ when he gave up his job to start university. Now he has found
out he can't get a grant.
Exercise 2: Fill in the blank with suitable words or phrases from Idioms List SET 2
1. Can you _________________________ and tell us if we are going to lose our jobs or not?
2. Don't be so grumpy with me! Did you__________________________ ?
3. He's very_____________________ . He'll never vote Labour. He's voted for the Conservative party
his whole life.
4. I know everything seems very bad at the moment but_____________________ . I'm sure something
good will come out of it.
5. I know you shouldnt_________________ but I'm going to sell all my stocks and shares and purchase
an off-plan property in Spain. I'm sure it will be fine.

6. I was____________________ in that meeting. I really wanted to tell him that his idea was no good
but you can't say that to the boss.
7. It doesn't look like this strategy to improve the company's profits is working, so
its_____________________ !
8. Jane really____________________ yesterday. I only asked her to pick the kids up from school, but
she took them home, helped with their homework and put them to bed.
9. Shes ________________________ . Her marriage isn't working so she's very unhappy at home, but
if she moves out and leaves him her family will blame her and won't talk to her.
10. The job might seem confusing at first as there are a lot of different departments you need to work
with but you'll soon___________________________.
Exercise 3: Fill in the blank with suitable words or phrases from Idioms List SET 3
1. I missed my bus this morning, then when I went for a taxi I realized I'd left my wallet at home. Then
when I got back home I couldn't find my key. Now my computer has crashed.
Honestly,_____________________.
2. I hope Joyce hasnt____________________ . She was in her 90s. She got taken off to hospital the
other day as she was very unwell.
3. I____________________ as I accidentally mentioned that we are all meeting for a drink tonight.
Sorry, I know you didn't want him to know.
4. I tend to____________________ over most controversial issues. I'm never sure which side of the
argument to support.
5. The boss never disciplined John over the fact that he came into work late twice last week. He must
have decided to________________________ .
6. Try to keep up good relations with your boss. You don't want to__________________________.
7. He _____________________ when he said the reason we lost the match is because of weakness in
our defence. That's definitely the reason.
8.He doesn't really hate you. He just said it in the__________________________ .
9. An IELTS examiner has to_____________________ the time in the speaking test. It should not be
more than 14 minutes.
10. Her angry response to your email was way______________________ . You had every right to say
what you did.
Exercise 4: Fill in the blank with suitable words or phrases from Idioms List SET 4
1. Wow the painting is________________________ of you. Who drew it?
2. I'm a bit busy so Ill_________________________ , but thanks for inviting me.
3. I've been a bit______________________ since last night. I think it may have been something I ate.
4. Are you_________________ ? I don't believe you really did that.
5. The police____________________ when he said he wasn't involved in the crime. Someone fitting his
description had been seen in the area.
6. Don't worry if you can't do it yet. Keep trying .______________________ .
7. The_____________________ in our house is not to talk about politics it always ends in arguments!
8. The TV programme was a_______________________ look at American culture. It wasn't that
serious.
9. I've told him how angry I am, so___________________ now. We'll see what he does.
10. We'll be waiting_______________________ for England to win the football World Cup again.

PHN 2: BI TP VN DNG THEO CHUYN

I. Exercises 1
1. We'll be_________________________ to get this finished. It's 4pm so we only have an hour left
2. ____________________mate! I'm sure you'll do well. You're easily the best team
3. I agree with you really. I'm just _______________________so you know what those who disagree
with you may say.
4. Please, don't worry about what you said anymore. It's all______________________ . I know you
were just feeling upset at the time.
5. Stop trying to get back with your ex-girlfriend. You're ______________________ . There is no love
between you anymore.
6. I thought John was an idiot when I first saw him just because of the way he dressed.
But_______________________ he's a really good bloke.
7. My doctor always says_____________________ when I go to see him about my weight. It's very true
as I have a poor diet.
8. The government is______________________ before the election to appear united. They know the
electorate needs to believe in them.
9. My younger brother really___________________ . He argues and disagrees with everything I say.
10. I think you should____________________ ! You aren't ready yet to quit and start your own
business. You need more experience.

II. Exercises 2: Choose the appropriate idiomatic expression to substitute for the italicized word
or words in each sentence below. Idioms from previous lessons are indicated by number.

1. Is it acceptable for Mary to borrow our car for a few hours?

a. right away b. all right c. step by step
2. They waited for forty-five minutes until finally the waiter brought their food.
a. at last b. little by little c. at first
3. If you don't hurry in completing your schoolwork, you'll do a better job
a. get off b. lie down c. take your time
4. I don't like to go to the movies alone.
a. as usual b. by myself c. on purpose
5. The child said that she didn't break the window deliberately.
a. on purpose b. all day long c. making a difference
6. James dislikes his smoking habit so much that he wants to quit forever.
a. for the time being b. for good c. in a hurry
7. At the last moment, Judy altered her decision about getting married so quickly.
a. changed her mind b. made up her mind c. never mind
8.. I still have a lot of work to do, but I feel like stopping temporarily.
a. in a hurry b. to shake hands c. for now
9. The dark clouds rolled in quickly and it began to rain without warning.
a. all along b. out of order c. all of a sudden
10. I'm busy this week, but I hope to have time free next week.
a. to take my time b. to have time off c. to check over
11. All of this work in the garden has tired me out; let's stop working.
a. be over b. call it a day c. be up
12. The police officer put a parking ticket on the car because the time on the meter had expired.
a. was over b. was not on time c. was up
13. I don't have a good opinion of our new neighbors; they're not very friendly.
a. make friends with b. get better with c. think much of
14. We were late to the party, but we got there before the time to eat dinner.
a. to wait on b. in time to c. on time
15. It was supposed to be a surprise, but Larry knew about the birthday party from the beginning.
a. all along b. on time c. to call it a night
16. I plan to stay in school temporarily and take more coursework.
a. out of the question b. over and over again c. for the time being
17. I liked that movie so much that I could watch it repeatedly.
a. out of the question b. taking turns c. over and over again
18. This message from Tom has no connection with plans for the party tonight.
a. is out of the question b. doesn't fall in love with c. has nothing to do with
19. Sally was ready to take a shower when the phone rang, so she answered it
a. was about to b. took turns to c. had better
20. I'm tired of working; let's leave home for a while and shop for groceries.
a. turn around b. go out c. call it a day
21. Would you contact the Jacksons and tell them that we've put off the garage sale?
a. get in touch with b. be in charge of c. have a good time
22. The boat was moving in backward and forward motion because of the large waves on the ocean.
a. at least b. back and forth c. on purpose
23. Vera had the habit to bite her nails until they were very short, but now she's stopped doing that.
a. has been used to b. used to c. cut back on
24. The manager wanted her assistant to ascertain when the products would be delivered.
a. to make good time b. to get rid of c. to make sure
25. I was so nervous about giving the speech that I learned every word by memorizing.
a. by myself b. by heart c. now and then
27. This tablecloth is too old to use anymore; would you mind if we discard it?
a. get rid of b. come from c. see to
28. This set of reference books is so old that the library should buy one that is more current.
a. out of date b. first rate c. up to date
29. My reason for voting "no" is very apparent: I disagree completely with the position of other
committee members on this matter.
a. once in a blue moon b. clear-cut c. made clear
30. Joe's mother considered the fact that Joe was trying to help his brother when the accident took place.
a. took for granted b. made clear c. took into account
IV. In the space provided, mark whether each sentence is true (T) or false (F).
1. If you take your time getting ready for work in the morning you do it in a hurry. ___
2. If you have difficulty getting along with people, you probably also have trouble making friends. ___
3. If you call it a day, you are just waking up in the morning. ____
4. If you know some information by heart, you still have to figure it out. ___
5. If you find fault with a person over and over again, that person may choose not to pay attention to
your criticism. ___
6 If you make up your mind about a problem, you still have to think it over. ___
7. If you take a trip to a foreign country, you may want to brush up on the language first. ___
8. If important decisions always are up to you, then you take turns making them. ___

Phn 4: BI TP V NH
Exercise 1: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions.
1. Ask David to give you a hand moving the furniture. He's as strong as ________
A. an elephant B. a mountain C. a gorilla D. a horse
2. You're not getting enough to eat, Jane: Look at you' You're as thin as a ________
A. stick insect B. rake C. linger D. wire
3. We can't eat this meat- it's as tough as ________!
A. canvas B. old boots C. rubber D. stale bread
4. You shouldn't have frightened her like that. Poor thing! She went as white as ________!
A. a sheet B. snow C. milk D. whitewash
5. Nothing ever seems to bother Colin. No matter what happens, he always seems to remain as cool
as______
A. cool feet B. ice-cream C. a cucumber D. as Eskimo
6. You'll have to shout, I'm afraid. My father's as deaf as ________
A. a leaf B. a post C. a politician D. a stone
7. It's hard to believe Brian and Stephen are brothers, isn't it? They're as different as________
A. Mars from Jupiter B. milk from honey
C. chalk from cheese D. margarine from butter
8. Ever since I've given up smoking I feel as fit as ________!
A. a lighter B. a fiddle C. a frog D. an athlete
9. Our dog looks very ferocious, but don't worry, Liz. It's gentle like ________ "
A. a pony B. snowflakes C. a lamb D. washing-up liquid
10. "I hope the children didn't play you up. Doris?"
"No. not at all, Mrs Garderner. They've been as good as________."
A. religion B. gold C. God D. brass
Exercise 2: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of tile following
questions.
1. "The suitcase isnt too heavy, is it?"
"No, it's as light as________
A. dust B. lightning C. a leather D. a fish
2. By the way, have you heard the one about the Welshman, the Irishman and the pig?"
"Yes, we have. That jokes as old as ________."
A. Solomon B. the hills C. a dinosaur D. Jupiter
3. Of course he loves you. It's as plain as ________.
A. a pancake B. the knob on your door
C. the nose on your face D. a hell
4. Kate was as pleased as________when she heard she had passed the exam.
A. Punch B. a poppy C. a sunflower D. pound notes
5. I hope the computer course starts this term. Were all as keen as ________to get going.
A. coffee B. mustard C. a gigolo D. cornflakes
6. He was a natural singer with a voice that was as clear as ________.
A. a waterfall B. a lake C. a bell D. a mirror
7. After a good night's sleep he woke up feeling as fresh as ________and eager to start work again.
A. fruit B. a daisy C. a kitten D. a maiden
8. He might look kind and sympathetic, but deep down hes as hard as________
A. nails B. a mountain C. a gangster D. an iceberg
9. Pauline can't have emigrated to New Zealand because I saw her last night at Peter's party as _____ as
life.
A. true B. real C. good D. large
10. Its no use arguing with him, he won't listen. Hes as stubborn as ________.
A. a mule B. a spoilt child C. a strawberry D. a trade union
Exercise 3: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions.
1. "You're drunk!"
"No, Im not. Im as sober as ________
A. a priest B. Sunday C. a judge D. a Muslim
2. Am I nervous? Of course not. Look at my hand- it's as steady as ________.
A. a bridge B. a rock C. steel bars D. a stepladder
3. As students, David, Kevin and William were as thick as ________
A. thieves B. boy scouts C. a team D. thistles
4. Whenever I feel embarrassed I always go as red as ________
A. a rose B. lipstick C. a raspberry D. a beetroot
5. She was so tired last night that she slept like________ until 10 o'clock this morning.
A. a squirrel B. death C. a log D. a zombie
6. We'd better get some extra food in if your brother is coming to stay with us. He eats like________
A. a lion B. a starving man C. an eagle D. a horse
7. Normally she smoked 15-20 cigarettes a day, but whenever she was worried or nervous she smoked
like________
A. a chimney B. a forest fire C. a steam engine D. a salmon
8. "Is the dress too big?"
"No. not at all. It fits like ________
A. a mould B. a glove C. glue D. a pillowcase
9. News of the new pay agreement spread like ________throughout the factory
A. wildfire B. butter C. the plaque D. a flood
10. From the moment they first met they got on like ________
A. two peas in a pod B. fish and chips C. a house on fire D. clockwork

THE END
 CHUYN 16
ITS TIME-WISH/IF ONLY -WOULD RATHER- AS IF/THOUGH- HAD BETTER

S tit thc hin: 02

PHN 1: L THUYT
I. It's time ; It's high time.: n lc ai lm g
1.Its (high/about) time + S + Past Subjunctive
Its time implies that Its a little late.
E.g:
Its time we left.
Its high time I was/were going.
2.Its time + (for Object) + to infinitive
In this case, Its time states that the correct time has arrived.
E.g: Its time to start.
Its time for us to go.
- These are followed by past simple or continuous, though the time referred to is unreal, were can be
used for all persons , though was is more common in everyday speech.
II. Wishes :c
1. Wishes about the present : (c cho hin ti)
S + wish + Vpast simple (V2/ed)
I wish I had a motorbike. ( I don't have now)
I wish you weren't leaving.( You are leaving)
2. Wish about the future: (c cho tng lai): Would and could.
S + wish + could/ would (not) + Vo
I wish you would leave.
I wish I could come on holiday with you next year.
The use of would is often used to describe an annoying habit.
I wish you wouldn't make such a mess.
3. Wish about the Past (c cho qu kh)
S + wish + S + VPast Perfect
I wish I hadn't eaten so much.
4. Hope & wish
Wishes about simple future events are expressed with hope.
S + hope + S + Vpresent simple/ V future simple
I hope it doesn't rain tomorrow.
I hope he'll stop talking soon.
S + hope + to Vo : I hope to see you next week.
S + hope + S + N/ N.phrase: We wish you a merry Chrismast/ a happy New Year.
5. Wish & if only
Chng ta c th dng if only thay th cho wish nhn mnh ngha ca cu.
If only he came in time now.
If only she had studied harder for that test
If only he would drive more slowly.
If only I could turn back time.
III. Would rather / Would prefer
1. Would rather + Clause: th hin mong mun ai lm iu g hoc iu g xy ra
hin ti /tng lai: S1 + would rather + S2 + Vpast simple
Id rather you went.
I'd rather you didn't smoke here.
My girl friend would rather we didn't see each other any more.
qu kh: S1 + would rather + S2 + V past perfect
I would rather we hadnt left yesterday.
I would rather you had met my friend yesterday.
* Would rather / would sooner: thch hn
hin ti /tng lai: S + would rather (+not)+ Vo
I'd rather be a sailor than a soldier ( present)
Would you rather stay here or go home?
I'd rather not go out in such cold weather!
qu kh: S + would rather (+not) + have + PP
I would rather not have lived there for too long.
2. Would prefer: c th c s dng trong cu iu kin loi hai hoc c thoau bi mnh cha
that
I'd prefer it if you didn't go.
I'd prefer that you didnt mention my name.
* Would prefer (+not) + to V : I'd prefer to stay in
Would prefer + O (+not)+ to V: I'd prefer you not to go.
IV. As though/ As if : c nh l
1. As though/ As if c th cdng din t mt vt, ngi no trng , nghe, cm thy nh th
no, hay cch ai lm vic g.
S + look/sound/feel/smell/behave+ as if /as though + S + V
That house looks as if its going to fall down.
Tom sounded as if he was worried.
We took an umbrella with us because it looked as if it was going to rain.
Do you hear that music next door? It sounds as if theyre having a party.
He behave as if he were a boss.
2. As if/ as though c th c dng din t mt iu khng ng hin ti
S + V + as if /as though + S + Vpast simple
I feel as if I were flying. ( I'm not)
She talks as if she knew the answer.
3 . As if/ as though c th c dng din t mt iu khng ng qu kh
S + V + as if /as though + S + Vpast perfect
I feel as if an express train had hit me. ( it didn't)
Tom looked tired as if he had worked very hard
V. Suppose and imagine (gia s; vi b ng)
Chng ta c th dng suppose hoc imagine thay th if. Cu trc ny ging nh 1 cu K loi 2
thng thng.
Ex : Suppose you lost your keys, what would you do?
Imagine you were rich, how would you feel?
Nu s vic c kh nng xy ra th chng ta cng c th s dng th hin ti n.
Suppose it starts raining, what we'll do?
VI. HAD BETTER: nn
S + had better (+not) + Vo
You had better give up smoking
Its cold today. Youd better wear a coat when you go out
Wed better stop for petrol soon. The tank is almost empty.
PHN 2: BI TP P DNG
I. Rewrite the following sentences using given words.
1. I miss the cartoon on TV.
I wish
2. Lan cannot meet her friend.
Lan wish
3. They dont know how to speak Chinese.
If only
4. Their teams dont play very well.
If only
5. She doesnt get good marks.
She wish.

II.Rewrite the following sentences using the structure I would (I'd) rather.
1. Your friend wants to borrow your best sweater. You don't want her to.
.
2. You were planning to play tennis, but it's raining.
..
3. Both Jill and Tom have invited you to their parties on Saturday night. You did not want to go to
Jill's party.
.
4. You are planning a big party but don't want to have it at your house.
.
5. Your fianc bought you a diamond ring. It was far too expensive.
.
III.Look at the situations given and write sentences using the expressions it's (high, about) time.
1.You've been watching TV since you got home from school and you still have to tidy your room.
.
2.You haven't phoned Grandma for over a month.
.
3. The play finished 15 minutes ago. The actors are still standing on the stage.

4. You've been working late for ten days. You are very tired. Your friend says,

5. Sheila has had a headache for over a week. She must go to the doctor.
.
IV. Rewrite the following sentences using the structure AS IF/AS THOUGH, HAD BETTER
1. Mary dresses up like a queen.
- Mary dresses up as if ...............................................................
2. He spent his money like a prince.
- He spent his money as if.
3 My head seems to be on fire now.
- I feel as if ..............................................................................
4. I had a feeling that I was walking in the air.
- I felt as though .....................................................................
5. She made up like an actress.
- She made up as if ................................................................
PHN 3:BI TP P DNG THEO CHUYN
I. Choose the best answer among A,B,C or D
1. How I wish I......... such a good chance before.
A. didn't miss B. hadn't missed C. met D. have got
2.It's high time you .............. your idea.
A. change B. changed C. need change D. are to change
3. Jill would rather we ............ now, but we must go to work.
A. not leave B. had not leave C. didn't leave D. not to be left.
4. She was breathing heavily as though he .................... it long ago.
A. had been running B. was running C. ran D. has been running.
5. I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I ______ the book from which it was made.
A. have read B. had read C. should have read D. am reading
6. I cant stand him. He always talks as though he_______everything.
A. knew B. knows C. has know D. had known
7. The two strangers talked as if they_______friends for years.
A. should be B. had been C. have been D. were
8. I would rather she_______ tomorrow than today.
A. come B. came C. should D. has come

II. Rewrite each sentence so that it contains the word in capitals, and so that the meaning stays the
same.
1. Do you ever regret not going to university? WISH
............................................................................................................................................
2. I should really be leaving. TIME
...........................................................................................................................................
3. I'd rather beer than wine. PREFER
............................................................................................................................................
4. Jack doesn't know all the answers, though he pretends to. ACTS
............................................................................................................................................
5. I'd love to be able to go with you to the opera. WISH
...........................................................................................................................................
6. I wish I hadn't sold that old painting. PITY
............................................................................................................................................
7. It would be better if you didn't stay long. RATHER
............................................................................................................................................
8. Why do you have to complain all the time. WISH
............................................................................................................................................
9. The management insisted on our wearing dark suits. WEAR
............................................................................................................................................
10. I don't want to go to the meeting. RATHER
............................................................................................................................................
III. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct forms.
1. I hate driving. Id much rather you (drive) ....................................
2. Its high time they (mend) ................................. this road
3. Ill pay you by cheque monthly. - Id rather you (pay) ...................... me cash weekly.
4. I wish I (not try) ................................... to repair it. I only made it worse.
5. I wish I (know) .............................. what is wrong with my car.
6. Tom acts as if he (be) ....................... the boss.
7. He talks as if he (do) ............................ all the work himself, but in fact Tom and I did most of it.
8. Barbara looked at me as though she (never meet) ....................................... me before.

PHN 4: BI TP V NH
I: Rewrite sentences using given words.
1. He appears to be running away from your fierce dog.
> It looks..
2. I would love to be rich and famous.
> If only.
3. Id love to be in a secluded beach in Mexico.
> I wish
4. I really think you ought to acquire a few manners.
> Its high time
5. Im really sorry I didnt invite her to the party.
> I really wish I..
6. Would you mind not smoking here?
> Id rather..
7. Please dont say things like that.
> I wish
8. I advise you to check the pressure of your tyres. (better)
>..........................
9.It's a pity he didn't tell us three weeks ago instead of today. (rather)
>..........................
10. You must wash the dishes, (time)
>..........................
II: Put the verb in brackets into the correct form.
1. I wish I (know) ......................something about computers.
2. I wish the traffic (not make) ......................so much noise everyday.
3. Its high time the children (prepare) ...................... their lesson. They are watching TV now.
4. If only it (be) ......................warm and sunny today. Im fed up with snow and cold.
5. Everybody was exhausted. It looked as if they (work) ...................... hard.
6. Id rather my teacher (give) ...................... fewer compositions tonight.
7. My neighbors always treat us as if we (be) ...................... their servants.
8. Nick is quite ready for the exam. It looks as if he (prepare) ...................... everything.
9. I wish it (not rain......................) heavily last Sunday.
10. They are making so much noise. It looks as if they (have) ...................... a party.

III: Rewrite the sentences, beginning with the words given:

1. She talks too much.
- Id rather .............................................................................
2. Hell come to my house tonight.
- Id rather .............................................................................
3. Bill doesnt work hard.
- Id rather ............................................................
4. He drives too fast.
- Id rather .............................................................
5. He didnt want to pay his debts.
- Id rather .............................................................
6. He spent his money like a prince.
- He spent his money as if ...........................................
7. You speak like a prophet.
- You speak as though .................................................
8. We must set out, it is a little late.
- Its high time ............................................................
9. You should review your lessons for the exams.
- Its time ....................................................................
10. He smokes a great deal. Id like he gives up smoking.
- Id rather .................................................................

THE END

CHUYN 17: THEORY OF PHONOLOGY (M V HC)

S tit thc hin: 04
I. L THUYT
A. PHT M (SOUNDS)
1. Nguyn m (Vowels)
a. oo s c pht m l :
/ / nu n c theo sau bi w hoc trc k. ( V d : cook, took,wood, wool,...).
/u/ nu n theo sau bi d, -t ( VD: brood, food, mood,....) Ngoi l : good - stood (/ /); flood -
blood (//) ; foot - soot (/ /).
// / /. nu n theo sau bi r ( VD: poor, moor, boor)
Ngoi l: spoor / /.
/ / trong t brooch.
b. ea s c pht m l :
/ i/ trong cc t deal, dream, eat, meal, meat, neat, seal, steal,....
/e/ trong cc t bread, dead, death, head, health,instead,wealth, measure,.......
c. ou s c pht m l:
/a / trong cc t about, count, county, ground, hound, house, louse, mouse, pound,
sound,wound,......
wound /u/ (n,v) = injury, hurt ones feelings
wound /a / (p2 v) wind : go around, roll around
/ / trong cc t country, enough, rough, touch, tough, double,couple, young,southern,.....
// trong cc t ought, sought,....
/ / trong cc t could, should,would,..... ( strong form)
/ / trong t cough.
d. age s c pht m l:
/ed/ : teenage
/ (d)/ : massage, garage,...
/id/ : message, passage, encourage,surface.....
e. -ed s c pht m l:
/t/ nu ng t kt thc bng: /p, k, f, s, sh, ch, gh/ :
jumped,,cooked, coughed, kissed, washed, watched ,.....
/d/ nu ng t kt thc bng /d/ hoc /t/: waited, needed,....
 Mt s t kt thc bng -ed c dng lm tnh t pht m l /d/:
ragged, sacred, naked, crooked, cursed, wicked, beloved, learned, concernedly, supposedly,
allegedly,aged,hatred,dogged....
/d/ nu ng t kt thc bng cc m cn li: rubbed,dragged,bathed,...
Ch : y m cui cng mi l quan trng ch khng phi l ch ci kt thc.
V d: "fax" kt thc bng ch "x" nhng l m /s/
"like" kt thc bng ch "e" nhng l m /k/
VOWEL SOUNDS
a) /a:/
a : father, ask, afternoon, chance
ar : farther, marvelous, target, carpet,star
ear : heart, hearth
au : laugh, aunt
b) /e/
e : lend, expensive, comprehension, dependence, telephone, collect, suggest, recommend
ea : feather, pleasure, already, breakfast, weather, meant, threat, leather
a : any, many, anyone,
ay : says
ie : friends
c) //
a : harrow, example, mathematics, happen, access
ai : plaid
d) //
u : lunch, interrupt, buffalo, study, cut
o : something, comfortable, month, mother
ou : country, tough, rough, trouble, couple, young, enough, touch, cousin
oo : blood, flood
oe : does
e) //
e : telephone, open, problem,chicken, mother
i : terrible, possible, edible, medicine, similar
o : today, protect, production, police, introduce
u : upon, suggest, autumn, circus, future
a : apartment, appoint, advanced, apologize, again
notes : fortunate, accurate, elaborate, approxiate, moderate, graduate, climate, chocolate, duplicate
ou : famous, dangerous, harbour, colour, nervous
i : ancient, proficient, efficient, proficient, conscience
f) /:/
ur : burn, occur, burden, further, furniture
ear : early, heard, pearl, earth, earn
ir : dirty, shirt, bird
er : reserve, conserve, converse, term, germ
g) //
i : interest, little, drink, win, skin
y : system, syllable, mystery, sympathy, physics
ui : build, guitar
u : busy, business
e : English, pretty
o : women,
e : classes, wishes, villages, surprises
notes : crooked, learned, naked, rugged, allegedly, deservedly, markedly, supposedly
h) /i:/
e : me, we, equal, recent, these, scene, extreme, these, complete, compete
ea : heat, meat, repeat, please, peaceful
ee : need, proceed, feel, see, feed
ie : believe, ceiling, movie, piece, field, deceive, chief, grief, shield
i) / /
o: dog, clock, lock, bog
j) //
a : call, tall, small, fall
or : sports, more, store, sore
ou : four, thought, fought
oo : floor, door,
oa : broad, board, abroad, blackboard
augh : taught, caught, fault
k) / /
oo : good, foot, look, book
ou : could, would, should
u : put, pull, full, push, sugar
o : woman, wolf
l) /u:/
oo : moon, soon, choose, school, food
u : June, rude, include, conclude
ou : group, route, soup,through
ui : fruit, cruise, recruite
m) /e/
a : make, take, late, game
notes : communicate, investigate, graduate, separate, appreciate, decorate, estimate, celebrate
ay : day, delay, face, away, dismay
ai : rain, complain, training, remain, contain, afraid, entertainment
ea : break, steak, great
eigh : weigh, eight, neighbor, freight
ey : they, obey, hey
ei : vein, veil
n) /a/
ie : die, tie, lie, pie
i : time, nice, idea, find, combine, sunshine
igh : high, tight, fight, might, right, night
y : type, deny, reply, simplify, beautify, rectify
uy : buy, guy
ei : height
o) /a /
ow : how, cow, bow, clown, allow, crowd
ou : announce, foundation, mountain, house, around, pronounce, sound, doubt, without, surround
p) / /
ou : pour, tourist, tour
u : sure, assure, actually, usual, casual
q) / /
o : enclose, soldier, motion, composer, no, notion, chosen, folk, postpone, global
ow : snow, owner, harrow, narrow, flow
oa : boat, coat, soap, coastal, float
oe : goes, toe, foe
ough : though, dough, although
r) //
oi : noise, voice, choice, boil, coin, point, soil
oy: enjoy, destroy, annoy, employ, toy, loyal, boy
s) / /
ea : fear, hear, idea, teras
e : atmosphere, here, mere
2. PH M (CONSONANTS)
a. c thng c pht m l :
/k/ : cat, cook, close, encourage,consider ....
/s/ : cede, recede, century, cycle, cylinder,census,.....
// : ocean, facial,official, special, especially, efficient, musician,....
b. ch thng c pht m l :
/t/ : chin, chirp, chop, chore, watch, such, challenge, achieve,.....
/k/ : school, scheme, choir, chorus, scholar, character, chemistry, cholera, chaos, orchestra,
stomach, ache, mechanic, archive, chaotic, .....
/ / : machine, chef, chemise,..........
c. g thng c pht m l:
/g/ khi ng trc a, -o, -u, -h,... (VD : garbage, ago, guess, ghost, government, gulf...)
/d/ khi ng trc e, -i, -y ( VD: germ, general, gel, language, cage, village, gin, gentle,
cottage, gigantic, gymnastic, religion,message,engine....).
Ngoi l : get, gear, geese, geyser, girl, gill, giggle, gestapo, geisha c pht m l /g/.
d. gh thng c pht m l:
/f/ trong cc t cough, laugh, laughter,.....
Khng pht m nu chng cui t hoc trc mu t - t mt s t ( VD : high, height,
although, thought, plough, sight,daughter...)
e. h thng c pht m l :
/h/ hu ht cc t ( VD : hot, high, hollow,....).
Khng pht m ( m cm) trong cc t heir, hour, honest, honesty, honour, ghost, rhythm,
rhinoceros,....
f. t thng c pht m l :
/t/ trong hu ht cc t ( VD: take, tight, button,.....).
// khi ng trc cc ion (VD: mention, section, population, translation, initiate....)
/t/ khi ng trc ure v theo sau s trong mt s t tn cng -ion (VD: mature, picture,
pasture, literature, temperature, lecture, future, question, combustion....)
g. th, -the thng c pht m l :
/ / : thank, think, thought,...
/ / : this, that, though, although,...
/t / : Thailand, Thames, thali,....
-th v tr cui t thng pht m l / / hu ht cc t. Ngoi l: smooth/smu: / , with / w /
-the v cui t thng pht m l / / hu ht cc t ( VD: bathe, breathe, loathe,
clothe,smoothy....).
h. s thng c pht m l :
/s/ : increase, decrease, promise,...
/z/: please, confuse, raise, measure, pleasure, leisure,.....
// : sure, sugar,....
// : vision, explosion, excursion, visual,measure,pleasure,leisure........
i. Cch c ui s/-es :
/s/ nu trong cc t tn cng bng cc m /k,p,t,f/ ( VD: books, maps, hats, roofs,....).
/iz/ trong cc t tn cng bng cc m /z, s, , t, d/ . ( VD : raises, roses, classes, boxes, dashes,
washes, languages, oranges, reaches, teaches,...).
/z/ trong cc t tn cng khc cc m trn. ( VD : dogs, trees, tables, woods,...).
j. n thng c pht m l:
/n/: snow, nut, notice, notify,...
//: sink, sing, finger,.....
k. qu thng c pht m l:
/kw/ : quality, equal, queen, quilt ...
 /k/ : queue, technique, mosquito,......
l. d thng c pht m l:
/d/ : daughter, dancer,....
/d /: individual, gradual,.....
m. Mt s ph m cm:
/b/ cm : climb, crumb, dumb, comb, tomb, bomb, plumber, debt,.....
/c/ cm : muscle,...
/d/ cm : m D l mt m cm nu n ng lin m N : handkerchief, sandwich,
Wednesday,.....
/k/ cm: nu n thng i lin vi m N :knife, knock, knowledge,....
/p/ cm: Khi ng trong cc tin t psych, pneu: psychiatrist, pneumonia, psychotherapy,
pneuma,......
/ r/ cm: iron, ironing,.....
/t/ cm : nu ng sau m S, F : castle, Christmas, fasten, listen, often, whistle,....
/w/ cm : wrap, write, wrong, answer, sword,......
n. Note :
Mt s t cn lu :
breath breathe breathing /bre/ - /bri/ - /bri./
south southern /sa / - /s. n/
message massage /mes.d/- /ms. / /m s /
say says - said
nature natural
nation national
exhibit exhibition / zb.t/- /ek.sb. n/
explain explanation
photograph photography
desert dessert /dez. t/ - /dzt/ /-z t/
prohibit prohibition /pr hb.t/ - /pr .b. n/ /-h-/ /pro -/
wild wilderness
iron ironic /a n/ /arn/- /ar n.k/ /ar .nk/
maths paths mouths
3. PH M CM (SILENT CONSONANTS)
a) /b/ : climb, comb, tomb, dumb, numb, dumb, lamb, doubt, debt
b) /c/ : muscle, science, scene, scissors, black, duck, nickel, back
c) /d/ : handkerchief, sandwich, Wednesday, grandchildren, grandparents
d) /g/ : campaign, foreign, sign, design, paradigm, gnaw, gnash, gnat
e) /gh/ : bought, caught, ought, thought, daughter, height, high, light, might, neighbor, right,
straight, through, tight, weigh,
f) /h/ : what, where, whether, which, why, honest, hour, honour, exhausted, ghost, heir, rhythm,
exhume, vehicle
g) /k/ : knee, knife, jnob, knock, know, kneel
h) /l/ : calm, could, half, half, salmon, should, alk, walk, would,
i) /n/ : autumn, hymn, column, condemn
j) /p/ : pneumonia, psychiatrist, psychology, psychotherapy, cupboard, receipt, raspberry, psalm
k) /r/ : iron
l) /s/ : island, isle, aisle, corps,
m) /t/ : castle, Christmas, fasten, whistle, listen, often, ballet,beret, debut
n) /th/ : asthma, isthmus
o) /u/ : building, guarantee, guard, guerrilla, guest, guide, guitar, guy
p) /w/ : wrap, write, wrong, who, whom, whose, whole, whoever

B. STRESS
I. T c hai m tit (Two-syllable words)
1. Danh t v tnh t :
- Hu ht cc danh t v tnh t c trng m ri vo m tit th nht:
VD: happy, beaty, mostly, basic,......
- Vi danh t nu m tit th hai khng c nguyn m ngn th trng tm chc chn ri vo m tit th
hai .
VD: balloon, design, estate,.....
2. ng t
- Hu ht cc ng t trng m ri vo m tit th hai
VD: begin, regret, forget,....
- Khi ng t c m tit th 2 pht m l // th trng m ri vo m tit th nht : enter, travel, open,
.....
- Nu ng t m m tit th hai cha nguyn m di, nguyn m i, hoc kt thc vi nhiu hn mt
ph m th chc chn ri vo m tit th hai.
VD: provide, agree, design, excuse, parade, support, complete, attract,.............
- Nu ng t c hai m tit pht m ging nhau, th trng m ri vo m tit th nht.
VD: visit, civic, .....
II. T c ba m tit tr ln ( Three-or-more syllable words)
- Trng m thng ri m tit th ba tnh t cui ln.
VD: economy, industry, specialise, geography,......
Tuy nhin c rt nhiu ngoi l vi cc t phi sinh ( t mang hu t v tin t).
VD: entertain, resurrect, potato, disaster,..............
III. T c cha tin t v hu t:
1. Nhng hu t mang trng m:
- oo: shampoo, kangaroo, bamboo,.... Ngoi l: cuckoo
- ee : employee, trainee, absentee,......Ngoi l : committe, coffee
- oon: afternoon, cartoon, ..... Ngoi l : teaspoon
- eer : engineer, volunteer, pioneer,...
- ette : cigarette, .....
- ese : Chinese, Japanese,...
- esque : picturesque,.....
- ique : unique,....
- ade : lemonade, persuade, parade,.....
- ain : maintain, entertain,.....
2. Nu t tn cng bng mt trong cc thnh phn sau th trng m s ri vo m ng ngay
trc n:
- ic /ical : mechanic, chemical, electric, electronic,.....
- ion/ional : education, population, international, ... Ngoi l : television.
- ity: ability, activity,
- ive : active, passive, attractive, .... Ngoi l: representative, conservative, preservative.
- ia/ian : Italian, media, librarian,.......
- ial : material, industrial,.......
- iar: familiar,...
- ient : sufficient, convenient, ingredient,....
- ience/ence: experience, independence, sentence,....
- iency/ency : efficiency, profiency, fluency,....
- ish : establish, accomplish, demolish, ..... Ngoi l : impoverish
- ious: industrious,...
- eous: spontaneous,...
- uous: continuous,.... Ngoi l : dangerous
- ety: variety, society,....
- logy: biology, technology, psychology,.....
- graphy: geography, photography,.....
- metry: geometry,...
- nomy: economy, astronomy,...
- ual: usual, continual,...
- ular: particular, singular,...
3. Cc hu t khng mang trng m khng nh hng n t gc :
- able : comfortable, reliable,...
- age : anchorage, teenage,.....
- al : refusal,...
- en : widen,...
- ful : beautiful,....
- ing : amazing,..
- ative : representative, conservative, preservative,.....
- like : birdlike,....
- less: powerless,....
- ly: lovely, huriedly,...
- ment: punishment,....
- ness: happiness,...
- ous: dangerous,...
- wise: otherwise,...
- y: ( tnh t hay danh t ) funny,...
- ish: (tnh t) childish, foolish,...
4. Nhng t tn cng bng fy, ate :
a. Nu t c hai m, trng m ri vo m tit cui
- fy: defy,...
- ate : locate, dictate,estate,....
b. Nu t c 3 m tit tr ln, trng m ri vo m tit th 3 t di ln:
- fy : simplify, modify, beautify,....
- ate : chocolate, dominate, immediately, communicate, celebrate....
5. Cc t ghp :
+ Danh t ghp : Hu ht cc danh t ghp hai m tit c trng m ri vo m tit th nht.
VD: penholder, blackbird, greenhouse, raincoat, filmmaker, bookshop, bedroom, typewriter,
sunrise,....
+ Tnh t ghp :
Tnh t ghp c dng : tnh t + V3/V-ed th trng m ri vo m tit th hai
VD: bad-tempered, short-sighted, well-dressed, well-done, well-known, man-made, old-fashioned,
one eyed, homestick,.....
Tnh t ghp c dng : danh t + tnh t th trng m ri vo m tit th nht.
VD: homesick, airsick,trustworthy,...... Ngoi l : duty-free, snow-white,....
+ ng t ghp :
Nu ng t ghp l mt ng t th trng m ri vo thnh phn th hai.
VD: understand, overlook, overcome, forecast, maltreat,.....
PHN 2: BI TP VN DNG
EXERCISE 1: Choose the word that has bold part pronounced differently from those of the
others.
1. /h/ A. height B. hour C. exhausted D. ghost
2. // A. preserve B. purpose C. mission D. pleasure
3. / / A. wood B. food C. group D. choose
4. // A. accountant B. category C. many D. capability
5. /t/ A. chorus B. chef C. technology D. cheerful
6. /g/ A. generous B. generation C. good D. marriage
7. // A. single B. danger C. change D. challenge
8. /u:/ A. school B. look C. cook D. wool
9. /n/ A. angular B. angry C. penicillin D. hunger
10. /:/ A. burden B. future C. bury D. hurry
11. /s/ A. iceberg B. ocean C. expression D. cartoon
12. // A. ideal B. marine C. age D. orphanage
13. // A. northern B. method C. clothes D. therefore
14. / / A. flour B. crowd C. thousand D. soul
15. /a / A. pronounce B. cousin C. tough D. although
16. /d/ A. occurred B. promoted C. advanced D. confessed
17. /t/ A. organized B. watched C. consumed D. recommended
18. /d/ A. January B. changeable C. culture D. vision
19. /e/ A. Singapore B. break C. action D. father
20. /b/ A. dumb B. climb C. doubtful D. billion
21. /f/ A. sight B. might C. weigh D. laugh
22. // A. enterprises B. resources C. society D. measurement
23. / / A. complaint B. wonderful C. voluntary D. women
24. /a/ A. weight B. neighbor C. typical D. reply
25. /e/ A. play B. says C. say D. dismay
EXERCISE 2
Choose the word (A, B, C, or D) whose bold part is pronounced differently from those of the
others.
26. A. recruitment B. fruit C. building D. suitable
27. A. allegedly B. disadvantage C. language D. challenge
28. A. handicapped B. capable C. able D. education
29. A. popular B. novel C. government D. cooperation
30. A. ambitious B. essential C. mature D. nation
31. A. personal B. interview C. interrupt D. difference
32. A. farmer B. fat C. of D. fitness
33. A. Christmas B. chemistry C. machines D. scholarship
34. A. accurate B. fortunate C. considerate D. decorate
35. A. weather B. smooth C. without D. warmth
36. A. exhaust B. taught C. laugh D. bought
37. A. protect B. hobby C. recognize D. photograph
38. A. examination B. boxing C. excuse D. exercise
39. A. Switzerland B. amazing C.zoo D. zero
40. A. sufficient B. sincerely C. principal D. excited
41. A. American B. experience C. experiment D. preference
42. A. disgusted B. production C.unemployment D. business
43. A. extreme B. complete C. compete D. enormous
44. A. encourage B. enough C. founded D. trouble
45. A. question B. congestion C. suggestion D. prevention
46. A. accuse B. because C. surprised D. nurse
47. A. economy B. victim C. significant D. commercial
48. A. rhinoceros B. discipline C. findings D. title
49. A. converse B. diverse C. reserve D. perilous
50. A. success B. reassure C. message D. passage

PHN 3: BI TP VN DNG THEO CHUYN

I. Choose the word (A, B, C, or D) whose bold part is pronounced differently from those of the
others.
1. A. proofs B. books C. points D. days
2. A. asks B. breathes C. breaths D. hopes
3. A. sees B. sports C. pools D. trains
4. A. tombs B. lamps C. brakes D. invites
5. A. books B. floors C. combs D. drums
6. A. cats B. tapes C. rides D. cooks
7. A. walks B. begins C. helps D. cuts
8. A. shoots B. grounds C. concentrates D. forests
9. A. helps B. laughs C. cooks D. finds
11. A. invited B. attended C. celebrated D. dplayed
12. A removed B. washed C. hoped D. missed
13. A. looked B. laughed C. moved D.stepped
14. A. wanted B.parked C. stopped D.watched
15. A. laughed B. passed C. suggested D. placed
16. A.believed B. prepared C. involved D. liked
17. A.lifted B. lasted C. happened D. decided
18. A. collected B. changed C. formed D. viewed
19. A. walked B. entertained C. reached D. looked
20. A.admired B. looked C. missed D. hoped
II. Choose the word (A, B, C, or D) whose main stress is placed differently from those of the
others.

1. a. pollute B. contractual C. reject D. marvellous

2. A. mechanic B. military C. apologize D. miraculous
3. A. compulsory B. intensity C. kidding D. invaluable
4. A. nursery B. focus C. delicate D. secure
5. A. curriculum B. kindergarten C. contaminate D. conventional
6. A. apology B. industrial C. industry D. disaster
7. A. interview B. certificate C. applicant D. primary
8. A. certificate B. apartment C. individual D. biology
9. A. scientific B. availlable C. suspicious D. supportive
10. A. especially B. comfortably C. carefully D. possibly
11. A. importance B. subtraction C. algebra D. example
12. A. aspect B. careful C. require D. successful
13. A. terrific B. applicant C. banking D. ignorant
14. A. recognize B. challenge C. symbolize D. continue
15. A. continent B. belong C. master D. access
16. A. appalling B. ashamed C. November D. architect
17. A. policeman B. cinema C. overcoat D. politics
18. A. competition B. intelligent C. automation D. information
19. A. accountant B. Arabic C. Germany D. chemistry
20. A. Attention B. interesting C. Influence D. television

III: BI TP V NH (HOMEWORK)
I. Sounds
11. A. allow B. follow C. hollow D. fellow
12. A. cable B. station C. transfer D. relate
13. A. laid B. stayed C. paid D. said
14. A. souvenir B. south C. thousand D. around
15. A. campaign B. layer C. entertain D. favorite
16. A. tension B. decision C. provision D.precision
17. A. titles B. follows C. readers D. snacks
18. A. preface B. replace C. surface D. palace
19. A. brush B. custom C. cushion D. rough
20. A. fairy B. dairy C. stairs D. daisy
21. A. lone B. loan C. road D. broad
22. A. centered B. rugged C. hatred D. scared
23. A. apple B. any C. applicant D. absent
24. A. treasure B. jealous C. clean D. cleanse
25. A. boot B. mood C. food D. blood
26. A. plough B. laugh C. rough D. cough
27. A. final B. revival C. reliable D. liberty
28. A. borrowed B. helped C. dismissed D. booked
29. A. sleigh B. height C. freight D. vein
30. A. enough B. tough C. plough D. rough
31. A. grow B. brow C. power D. prow
32. A. intimate B.physics C. history D. receive
33. A. other B.monkey C. opium D. onion
34. A. stomach B.kitchen C. catch D. armchair
35. A. believes B. parents C. things D. girls
36. A. dome B. tomb C. home D. comb
37. A. famous B. favorite C. favor D. familiar
38. A. stove B. lose C. improve D. move
39. A. steam B. beef C. sneeze D. stealth
40. A. patient B. sugar C. combustion D. fresh
41. A. jealous B. jeans C. steam D. bean
42. A. surprise B. devise C. realize D. promise
43. A. hear B. swear C. dear D. rear
44. A. cow B. crow C. brow D. shower
45. A. bribe B. ripe C. striped D. recipe
46. A. thread B. breath C. break D. tread
47. A. jealous B. neat C. cream D. dream
48. A. brought B. sought C. drought D. fought
49. A. fellow B. follow C. hollow D. allow
50. A. bush B. flush C. brush D. crush
51. A. man B. bad C. thanks D. many
52. A. opened B. played C. proved D. regarded
53. A.cook B. fool C. moon D. tool
54. A. eats B. gains C. signs D. sings
55. A. study B. ready C .puppy D. occupy
56. A. event B. lend C. even D. dentist
57. A. while B. white C. which D. who
58. A. show B. cow C. slow D. blow
59. A. lively B. life C. like D. live
60. A. some B. woman C. come D. love
II. Stress
1.
2. A. irritable B. irrelevant C. irreparable D. irrational
3. A. innovate B. inevitable C. innocent D. insecticide
4. A. spectacular B. variety C. psychological D. contribute
5. A. estimate B. activate C. migrate D. inflate
6. A. destination B. presidential C. economic D. analysis
7. A. horizontal B. uranium C. discovery D. psychology
8. A. disastrous B. prosperous C. unanimous D. religious
9. A. coherent B. permanent C. continent D. sentiment
10. A. reference B. delicacy C. deficiency D. conference
11. A. memorial B. memorable C. memoir D. memorize
12. A. extremity B. example C. exercise D. existence
13. A. prosperous B. obvious C. vigorous D. oblivious
14. A. computer B. competent C. competitor D. commuter
15. A. ancestor B. surrender C. accurate D. gallery
16. A. process B. delicate C. concentrate D. considerate
17. A. redundant B. descendant C. relevant D. consultant
18. A. constant B. consider C. continent D. contents
19. A. equator B. transistor C. ancestor D. compressor
20. A. accidental B. particular C. outnumber D. analysis
21. A. marine B. machine C. saline D. combine
22. A. coherent B. permanent C. vehement D. sentiment
23. A. companion B. comfortable C. compliment D. competence
24. A. biology B. scientific C. geography D. activity
25. A. futile B. concert C. collector D. comics
26. A. applicant B. appliance C. delicate D. relevant
27. A. Canadian B. camera C. lifestyle D. document
28. A. estimate B. inflate C. migrate D. activate
29. A. mechanic B. memorial C. machine D. mechanism
30. A. detriment B. resentment C. assignment D. detachment
31. A. vigorous B. scandalous C. victorious D. dangerous
32. A. synthesis B. hypothesis C. excellent D. obvious
33. A. argument B. architect C. arduous D. artillery
34. A. advent B. adjacent C. adverbial D. apology
35. A. dismal B. presented C. contents D. decent
36. A. marine B. physicist C. method D. mercury
37. A. malaria B. bacteria C. material D. massacre
38. A. delicacy B. comfortable C. deliberate D. accuracy
39. A. minority B. monument C. Europe D. province
40. A. ignite B. igloo C. ignorant D. ignore
41. A. accomplish B. demolish C. abolish D. acronym
42. A. entertain B. librarian C. historical D. experiment
43. A. reduction B. popular C. financial D. romantic
44. A. discover B. difficult C. invention D. important
45. A. acceptance B. explorer C. possibly D. refusal
46. A. report B. master C. foreign D. private
47. A. automatic B. conversation C. disadvantage D. reasonable
48. A. engineer B. comprehend C. understand D. religion
49. A. prefer B. attract C. suppose D. forecast
50. A. process B. factor C. receive D. proper
51. A. possession B. politics C. refusal D. decision
52. A. authority B. mathematics C. particular D. community
53. A. competition B. residential C. expectation D. traditional
54. A. tennis B. between C. country D. into
55. A. pretend B. command C. leisure D. secure
56. A. marvelous B. family C. attractive D. industry
57. A. discovery B. difficulty C. simplicity D. commodity
58. A. equality B. difficulty C. simplicity D. discovery
59. A. tenant B. common C. rubbish D. machine
60. A. animal B. bacteria C. habitat D. pyramid
CHUYN 10: CU IU KIN
BT P DNG
1./
1. stopped 11. freezes
2. smoke/will object 12. would have warned
3. wouldnt your parent be 13. sees
4. would have/hadnt spent 14. resigned
5. worked/would finish 15. would have written
6. had/would use 16. see
7. would take 17. turn
8. wont let 18. wouldnt leave
9. didnt smoke 19. would you say
10. gave/would you do 20. get
II./
1-C 3-B
2-A 4-A
5-A 13-C
6-A 14-A
7-B 15-B
8-B 16-D
9-A 17-C
10-C 18-B
11-B 19-A
12-C 20-C
3./
1. A 6.A 11.A
2.D 7.B 12.B
3,A 8.D 13. D
4.A 9.C 14.C
5. B 10.D 15.D
4./
1. If I had eaten lunch, I wouldnt feel hungry now.
2. But for rain, we would have a better crop.
3.If I were you, I wouldnt buy it.
4. Unless they invite me, I wont come.
5. If he had revised all his lessons, he wouldnt have failed the exam.
6. But for his sisters money, he wouldnt have continued to study.
7. If you walk to the park, it will take you 5 minutes.
8. If it rains, well stay at home.
9. If they had enough time, they could do me a favour
10. If I dont leave now, Ill miss the flight.

BTVD THEO CHUYN

1./
1. B; 2. C; 3. B; 4. B; 5. C; 6. B; 7. C; 8. A; 9. B; 10. C;
11. A; 12. C; 13. B; 14. B; 15. A; 16. B; 17. D; 18. D; 19. B; 20. D;
2./
1. Shed live in London if she knew someone there.
2. Id live in the country if I could find a job there.
3. If I had a spare ticket, Id take you to the concert.
4. If the schoolchildren watered some seeds, they would grow.
5. If they understood the problem, theyd find the solution.
6. If he didnt sit around too much, hed be fit.
7. If Carol hadnt been studying, shed have answered the phone.
8. If Rita had got some sleep last night, she wouldnt be exhausted today.
9. If she werent/wasnt too thin, she wouldnt feel cold so much.
10. If he polished his shoes, hed look smart.
11. If he could park near his office, hed come by car.
12. If my house were/was guarded by two big dogs, itd be broken into every night.
13. If the flats were clearly numbered, itd be easy/wouldnt be difficult to find someone/anyone.
14. If I knew her e-mail address, I could tell you.
15. If she didnt work in the evening, shed have time to play with her children.
16. Theyd be upset if I told them what happened.
17. If I were/was tall enough, I would join the basketball team.
18. If he saw the signal, hed stop his car.
19. If Peter prepared his lessons well, he wouldnt get bad marks/would get good marks.
20. If Mary had enough money, shed buy a new car.
 III./
1. A. (would) 6.C. (hadnt been)
2. C. (had) 7.D (could build)
3. B (hadnt) 8.A (have been able)
4. D (wont) 9.B. (had known)
5.C (will) 10.C (had given)
C. (wouldnt have broken)
IV./
1. werent (wasnt) 9. would have gone
2. were (was) 10. had seen
3. would be 11. had seen
4. listened 12. had
5. wouldnt be 13. would become
6. were (was) 14. had
7. addressed 15. hadnt bought
8. should have informed
HOMEWORK
I./
1.A 11.D 21.C
2.C 12.C 22.B
3.C 13.B 23.C
4.A 14.C 24.C
5.B 15.C 25.D
6.D 16.B 26.D
7.C 17.D 27.D
8.A 18.D 28.C
9.B 19.B 29.A
10.B 20.C

II.
1. If you dont keep silent, you will wake the baby up.
2. If you dont stop talking or you wont understand the lesson.
3. If I knew her number, I would ring her up.
4. I dont know the answer, so I cant tell you.
5. We wouldnt have got lost if we had had a map.
6. Susan wouldnt have felt sick if she hadnt eaten four cream cakes.
7. If it hadnt been for this treatment, the patient would have died.
8. He wouldnt have lost his job if he hadnt been every day.
9. Peter wouldnt be fat if he didnt eat so many chips.
10. Robert wouldnt have got a bad cough if he had started smoking cigarettes.
11.Unless you do like this one, Ill bring you another
12.Unless she hurries hurry, shell be late
13. Unless you are careful, youll cut yourself.
14. Unless you had sneezed, he wouldnt have known that we were there.
15.We could go out if he didnt have to study for his exam.
16.If she werent lazy, she could pass th e exam.
17.If he will pay me tonight, I will have enough money to buy a car.
18.If he didnt smoke too much, he could get rid of his cough.
19. If she were not very shy, she would enjoy the party.
20. If he took some exercise he wouldnt be so unhealthy.
III. Chia dng ng ca ng t trong ngoc
 1. arrived 11. comes/ will have
2. will phone 12. had afforded/ would have been
3. will give 13. have
4. would be 14. would go
5. will go 15. are not/ will show
6. will have 16. will be/ use
7. will feel/ stop 17. have/ will make
8. were/would help 18. wont like
9. could understand/ spoke 19. will be/ hear
10. had listened/ would have preformed 20. will have

CHUYN 11- COUNT-UNCOUNT NOUN

BI TP VN DNG
Exercise 1
1. C 2. U 3. C 4. C 5. U 6. U 7. U 8. C 9. U 10. U
Exercise 2
1. fruits/vegetables 2. information 3. sleeves 4. languages 5. money
6. advice 7. hair 8. fun 9. parties 10. fruits/vegetables
Exercise 3
1. tears 2. hands 3. lens 4. turns 5. DJs
6. advice 7. homework 8. luggage 9. a rest 10. grass
Exercise 4. Choose the best answer
1.d 2.d 3.b 4..b 5.d 6.a 7.a 8.c 9.c 10.b

BI TP VN DNG THEO CHUYN

Exercise 1:
1.a paper. 6. a wonderful time.
2. any paper 7. advice.
3. a light 8. bad weather.
4. Light 9. bad luck
5. time 10. a job
Exercise 2: Hon thnh cu s dng nhng t cho di y. S dng a/an khi cn thit.
accident, biscuit, blood, coat, decision, , key, , moment, music, ,
1. an accident 5. sugar
2. the music 6. biscuit
3. time 7. electricity
4. a coat 8. letter
9. blood
10.a question
Exercise 3: Vit sang s nhiu nhng t trong ngoc n
1.chapters 6. tomatoes
2. books 7. radios
3. teeth 8. feet
4. echoes 9. roofs
5. sons-in-law 10. loaves
Exercise 4:
1.b 2.a 3.d 4.c 5.b 6.a 7.b 8.c 9.b 10.a

HOMEWORK
Ex 1:
COUNTABLE NOUNS UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS
people, car, dog, apple, class, doctor, house, pen, water, tea, smoke, beer, soup, butter, cheese,
cup, bus, map, housework, bread, happiness, sugar, help,
book, orange, window, boy information, news, advice

Ex 2:
1. a
2. little 6. a little
3. a few 7. a few
4. a little 8. a few
5. a few 9. a little
Ex 3:
1. little --> few 4. milks --> milk
2. few --> little 5. is --> are
3. picture -> pictures 6. are --> is
Ex 4:
1C 2C 3B 4A 5B 6D 7D 8C 9B 10A

11D 12C 13B 14B 15B 16A 17A 18A 19B 20D

Ex 5:
1. people 2. women 3. children 4. feet 5. sheep 6. teeth 7. students
8. fish 9.men 10. housewives 11. knives/shelves 12. geese 13. pianos
14. policemen 15. luggage
Ex 6:
1-nests 4-oranges 7-oxen 10-geese 13-feet
2-bums 5-paths 8-mice 11-knives 14-cissors
3-apples 6-fish 9-deer 12-children 15-sheep

CHUYN 12- ARTICLE

BI TP P DNG
I.in a,an vo ch trng thch hp
8. an 2. An 3.an 4.a 5.an 6.an 7.a
II.Bi tp p dng: in the, vo ch trng ph hp.
11. the 2.the 3. 4.the 5.
6. the 7. The 8.the 9.the 10.the
III. in a/an hoc the:
1. a-a-The-the
2. An-a-a-The-a-the..
3. A-a-the-the-the.
4. an-a-a-the-a.
5. a-
6- a the.
7. a
8. the
9. an-the.
10. the
BI TP VN DNG CHUYN
Exercise 1: Put a, an, the or in each space to complete the following sentences.
1. 5. the/
2. / / 6. the/
3. /the/(the) 7. /
4. the/ 8. an/the/the
 9. /the 10. /

Exercise 2: Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences.

1. A 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. B 10A
11. C 12. C 13. B 15C 16. D 17. D 18. D 19. B 20. C
21. D 22. D 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. D
HOMEWORK
Exercise 1: 1. nothing
2. nothing, a
3. nothing, nothing
4. nothing, nothing, nothing, nothing, the dark, the day
5. the weekend, nothing
6. the meals, nothing, nothing, the lunch, the dinner, a marvelous dinner.
7. the violin, the guitar.
8. nothing, the Atlantic Ocean.
9. nothing
10. nothing, the University
11. the
12. the Civil War, the United States.
13. The big books, the table.
Exercise 2: 1. an 2. a 3. a 4. a 5. an 6. an 7. a
8. a 9. a 10. an 11. an 12. a 13. a 14. a
Exercise 3:
l. a 7. a 13. a
2. an 8. nothing 14. some
3. nothing 9. some 15. nothing
4. nothing 10. nothing, a 16. a
5. some or nothing 11. a, some
6. Nothing 12. some
Exercise 4:
1. a, a, nothing, a, nothing, nothing, the, the, nothing, nothing, nothing, the, a, a, nothing.
2. nothing 6. a
3. the 7. a
4. a 8. the, the.
5. nothing
Exercise 5:
1. nothing, a, the 6. the, a, a, the, nothing
2. the 7. a, a, the, the,
3. nothing, nothing, the 8. a, a, the, the, the, the
4. a, nothing, nothing, nothing 9. an, the, a, the, the, the.
5. the, the, the, nothing

CHUYN 13 - O NG
BI TP P DNG:
I.
1 .B 2. C 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.C 10.C
11.A 12.B 13.C 14.D 15.A 16.D 17.C 18.D 19.C 20.D
II.
1. Not only did he spend all his money but she also borrowed some from me.
2. No sooner had I left the office than the phone rang.
3. Hardly had I put the phone down when the boss rang back.
4. Not until the bell rang did he finish his work.
5. Only after several months did we begin to see the symptoms of the disease.
6. Never in my life have seen anyone drink as much as you.
7. Under the table was lying a sleeping dog.
8. Rarely had his brother been more excited.
9. Only later were all the facts made public.
10. Had I realized what would happen, I wouldnt have accepted the job.
11. Such was the responsible to our appeal that we has to take on more staff
12. Not only did Harry break his leg but he also injured his shoulder.
13. Little did the police suspect that the judgment was the murderer.
14. Should you see Helen, could you ask her to call me?
15. In no way can the bus be blamed for the accident.
III.
1. B 6. D
2. A 7. D
3. C 8. C
4. D 9. B
5. C 10. D

BI TP VN DNG THEO CHUYN

I. Choose the most suitable words underlined.
1. he would never 6. passed
2. did I remember 7. so high were the waves
3. when 8. Peter has arrived
4. was I 9. than
5. was I aware 10. should you leave early
II. Rewrite these sentences, using NEVER.
1. Never before had she been so happy.
2. Never have I heard such nonsense!
3. Never in my life have I seen such a mess.
4. Never have our profits been higher than/ as higher as they are this year.
5. Never again would she trust her own judgment when buying antique.
6. Never before had the firm laid on such a sumptuous celebration.
7. Never have I come across such a horrifying film.
8. Never have I been so moved by a Shakespeare production.
9. Never for one moment did I think the consequences would be so far reaching.
10. Never before had I tasted such a wonderful combination of flavours.
III/ TURN the following into INVERTED sentences.
1. In no other way could the matter be explained.
2. Hardly had we started when it began to rain.
3. Seldom have I heard such beautiful singing.
4. Never shall I forget your kindness.
5. Only then did I see the danger we were in.
6. No sooner had we left the house than it exploded.
7. Not until/till he got home did he realize that he had lost the key.
8. Not only did they rob you, (but) they (also) smashed everything.
9. Little did the embassy staff realize that Ted was a secret agent.
10. Hardly had I begun to apologize when the door closed .
11. In no way can the shop be held responsible for customers' lost property.
12. No sooner had the couple arrived than the priest started the ceremony.
13. Only when he saw his wife's face, did Tom understand the meaning of the comment .
14. Rarely did the artist pay any attention to his agent's advice
HOMEWORK
I. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with SHOULD.
1. Should the government be forced into another election, it would be the favorite to win.
2. Should you wish to make an appointment to see Dr Simons, she is available between 9.00 and
11.00.
3. Should you have further problems with your printer, contact your deal for advice.
4. Should you decide to accept the post, you will be expected to start work on 1st April.
5. Should we hear any further news, we will be in touch immediately.
6. Should you wish to take advantage of the offer, kindly tick the box on your order.
7. Should the film be a box- office success, they may be a sequel.
8. Should you change your mind, there will always be a job for you here.

II. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with WERE OR HAD

1. Were the chemical to leak, a large area of sea would be contaminated.
2. Were Germany to beat, they would face Italy in the final.
3. Were Mr Morgan still headmaster, he would not permit such bad behavior.
4. Had you given it in on time, you would have got a high mark.
5. Had she become a lawyer, as her parents wishes, she would have earned a large salary.
6. Had anything gone wrong, I would have been held responsible.
7. Had it not been for Henry, I might not have met you.
8. Had the coast guards been notified they could have saved the vessels.
9. Had they confirmed by phone, the airline could have warned them.
10. Had it not been for his solicitors advice, he would have made a serious mistake.
III. Rewrite each of the following sentences with the given words in such a way that it means
the same as the sentence printed above it.
1. So heavy was the snowfall that all the trains had to be cancelled.
2. Were the government to write interest rates they would lose the election.
3. No sooner had I got into the bath than someone knocked on the door.
4. Such was the uncertainty that the financial markets remained closed.
5. Seldom is there so much rain in March.
6. Only when your identity has been checked will you be allowed in.
7. Hardly had the play started when there was a power failure.
8. Rarely has the Prime Minister made so inept a speech.
9. Scarcely had we arrived home when the police called.
10. On no account are press photographers allowed to take photographs backstage.
11. Never before has so much money been spent to so little purpose!.
12. Barely had the trial proceedings begun when the judge was taken ill.
IV. Choose the best answer.
1.C 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.D 6. B 7.C 8.D 9.D 10A

CHUYN 14 PREPOSITION & PHRASAL VERBS

BI TP VN DNG
 1. to 11. in 21. for
2. for 12. of 22. of
3. at 13. with 23. to
4. about 14. from 24. of
5. from 15. in 25. for
6. to 16. to 26. in
7. of 17. about 27. with
8. to 18. to 28. to
9. in 19. to for 29. of
10. at 20. of 30. to
II./
1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. D
6. C 7. C 8. D 9. D 10. A

BT VN DNG THEO CHUYN

I./
1. from 2. of 3. of 4. in 5. in 6. from 7. from 8. from 9. on 10. on 11. with
12. for 13. with 14. on 15. on 16. from 17. on 18. from 19. on 20. with
II./
1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B
6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. A

III/
1. D 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. A
6. D 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. D

IV/
1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. B
6. C 7. D 8. B 9. B 10. C
V/
1. A 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. D
6. B 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. A

HOMEWORK
I./ Preposition
Fill in each blank with a suitable preposition.

1.of 21.about 41.to

2.of 22.for 42.to
3.of 23.of 43.as
4.with 24.to 44.in
5.of 25. of 45.after
6.to 26. of 46.for
7.on 27.to 47.of
8.with 28.of 48.in
9.to 29.in 49.at
10.in 30.on 50.for
11.for 31.in 51.from
12.on 32.of 52.as
13.at 33.for 53.up
14.of 34.from 54.to
15.from 35.in 55.for
16.of 36.with 56.for
17.from 37.to 57.for
18.of 38.of 58.of
19.for 39.with 59.to
20.in 40.for 60.from

II./ PHRASAL VERBS

1. D 21. D 40. D 56. B

2. A 22. B 41. B 57. B
3. C 23. A 42. A 58. B
4. D 24. B
5. D 25. D 43. A 59. A
6. B 26. B 44. D 60. C
7. D 27. C 45. B 61. C
8. D 28. A 46. D 62. A
9. D 29. A 63. D
10. A 47. C
30. B 64. C
11. D 48. A 65. A
12. B 31. A
13. B 32. A 66. C
49. B
14. B 33. A 67. D
15. D 34. C 50. A 68. A
16. A 35. C 51. B 69. B
17. C 36. D 52. B 70. C
18. A 37. A 53. D
19. A 38. B 54. B
20. B 39. C 55. B
CHUYN 15: IDIOMS 1
BI TPP DNG
Exercise 1:
1. an arm and a leg 6. actions speak louder than words
2. a blessing in disguise 7. chip on his shoulder
3. it's a small world 8. a piece of cake
4. over the moon 9. once in a blue moon
5. a drop in the ocean 10. jumping the gun
Exercise 2: Fill in the blank with suitable words or phrases from Idioms List SET 2
1. cut to the chase 6. biting my tongue
2. get up on the wrong side of the bed 7. back to the drawing board
3. fixed in his ways 8. went the extra mile
4. every cloud has a silver lining 9. between a rock and a hard place
5. put all your eggs in one basket 10. find your feet
Exercise 3: Fill in the blank with suitable words or phrases from Idioms List SET 3
1. if it's not one thing, it's the other 6. bite the hand that feeds you
2. kicked the bucket 7. hit the nail on the head
3. let the cat out of the bag 8. heat of the moment
4. sit on the fence 9. keep an eye on
5. let sleeping dogs lie 10. over the top
Exercise 4: Fill in the blank with suitable words or phrases from Idioms List SET 4
1. the spitting image 6. practice makes perfect
2. take a rain check 7. rule of thumb
3. under the weather 8. tongue-in-cheek
4. pulling my leg 9. the ball's in his court
5. smelt a rat 10. till the cows come home

BI TP VN DNG THEO CHUYN

I. Exercises 1
1. working against the clock 6. you can't judge a book by its cover
2. break a leg 7. you are what you eat
3. playing devil's advocate 8. bending over backwards
4. water under the bridge 9. drives me up the wall
5. flogging a dead horse 10. hold your horses

II. Exercises 2: Choose the appropriate idiomatic expression to substitute for the italicized
word or words in each sentence below. Idioms from previous lessons are indicated by
number.
1. B 11. B 21. A
2. A 12. A 22. B
3. C 13. C 23. A
4. C 14. B 24. C
5. A 15. A 25. B
6. B 16. D 27. A
7. A 17. D 28. C
8.C 18. C 29. C
9. C 19. A 30. C
10.B 20. B
IV. In the space provided, mark whether each sentence is true (T) or false (F).
1. F 5. T
2. F 6 .F
3. F 7. T
4. F 8. F

BI TP V NH
Exercise 1: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
following questions.
1. D 6. B
2. B 7. C
3. B 8. B
4. A 9. C
5. C 10. B
Exercise 2: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of tile
following questions.
1. C 6. C
2. B 7. B
3. C 8. A
4. A 9. D
5. B 10. A
Exercise 3: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
following questions.
1. C 6. D
2. B 7. A
3. A 8. B
4. D 9. A
5. C 10. C

THE END

CHUYN 16: ITS TIME - WISH/IF ONLY -WOULD RATHER- AS IF/AS THOUGH
BI TP P DNG
I. Rewrite the following sentences using given words.
1. I wish I didnt miss the cartoon on TV.
2. Lan wish she could meet her friend.
3. If only they knew how to speak Chinese.
4. If only their teams played very well.
5. She wishes she got good marks.
II. Rewrite the following sentences using the structure I would (I'd) rather.
1. I would rather my friend did not borrow my best sweater
2. I would rather it were not raining.
3. I would rather Both Jill and Tom had not invited me to their parties on Saturday night.
4. I would rather not have a big party at your house.
5. I would rather my fianc had not bought me diamond ring.
III. Look at the situations given and write sentences using the expressions it's (high, about)
time.
1.Its (high) time I had to tidy my room.
2. Its (high) time I phoned Grandma.
3. Its (high) time the actors left the stage.
4. Its (high) time you took a rest.
5. Its (high) time Sheila went the doctor.
IV. Rewrite the following sentences using the structure AS IF/AS THOUGH, HAD BETTER
1. Mary dresses up as if she were a queen.
2. He spent his money as if he were a prince.
3 I feel as if my head were on fire now.
4. I felt as though I had been walking in the air.
5. She made up as if she were an actress.

BI TP VN DNG THEO CHUYN

I. Choose the best answer among A,B,C or D
1. B 5. B
2.B 6. A
3. C 7.B
4. A 8. B
II. Rewrite each sentence so that it contains the word in capitals, and so that the meaning
stays the same.
1. Do you wish you had gone to university?
2. Its time for me to leave/ were leaving.
3. I'd prefer beer to wine.
4. Jack acts as if he knew all the answers.
5. I wish I could go with you to the opera.
6. Its a pity that I hadn't sold that old painting.
7. Id rather you didn't stay long.
8. I wish you wouldnt complain all the time.
9. The management insisted that we wear dark suits.
10. Id rather not go to the meeting.
III. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct forms.
1. drove 5. knew
2. mended 6. were
3. paid 7. did
4. hadnt made 8. had never met.
HOMEWORK
I: Rewrite sentences
1. It looks as if he was running away from your fierce dog.
2. If only I were rich and famous.
3. I wish I were in a secluded beach in Mexico.
4. Its high time acquired a few manners.
5. I really wish I had invited her to the party.
6. Id rather you didnt smoke here?
7. I wish you didnt say things like that.
8. Youd check the pressure of your tyres.
9. Id rather he had told us three weeks ago instead of today.
10. Its time you washed the dishes.
II: Put the verb in brackets into the correct form.
 1. knew
2. didnt make
3. prepared
4. were
5. had worked
6. didnt give
7. were
8. prepares
9. hadnt rained
10. are having
III: Rewrite sentences
1. Id rather she didnt tell too much.
2. Id rather he came to my house tonight.
3. Id rather Bill worked hard.
4. Id rather he didnt drive too fast.
5. Id rather he wanted to pay his debts.
6. He spent his money as if he were a prince.
7. You speak as tough you were a prophet.
8. Its high time we set out.
9. Its time you reviewed your lessons.
10. Id rather he gave up smoking.